CN113479958A - Photothermal conversion seawater desalination device, manufacturing method and seawater desalination method - Google Patents
Photothermal conversion seawater desalination device, manufacturing method and seawater desalination method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113479958A CN113479958A CN202110691272.0A CN202110691272A CN113479958A CN 113479958 A CN113479958 A CN 113479958A CN 202110691272 A CN202110691272 A CN 202110691272A CN 113479958 A CN113479958 A CN 113479958A
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The device comprises a composite photothermal conversion structure, a collection box, a capillary wick and a container; the collecting box is provided with an opening and floats or is fixed on the container; the composite photo-thermal conversion structure is arranged at an opening of the collecting box, a hydrophilic layer is arranged on one side of the composite photo-thermal conversion structure opposite to the collecting box, and a photo-thermal conversion layer is arranged on the other side of the composite photo-thermal conversion structure; one end of the capillary wick is connected with the hydrophilic layer and the other end is immersed in the container so as to suck seawater to the hydrophilic layer; absorb solar energy conversion through light-heat conversion layer and become heat energy and conduct to hydrophilic layer and make the sea water evaporation, the salinity deposit of separating out realizes the flash segregation of salinity in the collecting box. The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the seawater desalination device. The invention effectively avoids the salt deposition of the photothermal conversion layer, greatly reduces the heat loss of photothermal evaporation, improves the efficiency of photothermal conversion and seawater desalination, and can be used in the fields of seawater desalination, sewage treatment, heavy metal recovery and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to a photothermal conversion seawater desalination device, a manufacturing method and a seawater desalination method.
Background
With the rapid growth of the world population and the increasing severity of water pollution, water shortages have become one of the most serious global challenges facing human society. Although the total amount of fresh water resources in China is rich, the occupied amount of all people is small. In coastal areas and island areas, the water shortage amount accounts for more than 1/3 of the total water shortage amount in China, and the water resource shortage becomes an important bottleneck for restricting the economic and social development of the areas. The solar seawater desalination technology has the advantages of low energy consumption, low cost, high energy conversion efficiency, environmental friendliness and the like, and has a very wide application prospect.
The solar energy directly heats the seawater for desalination, and the large-scale industrial application of the seawater is limited due to low efficiency, low water yield and the like. In recent years, solar seawater desalination technology based on local heating and photothermal conversion has become a focus of attention in the research and industrial fields. The incident sunlight is absorbed by the photothermal conversion material and then efficiently converted into heat, and the seawater on the surface interface is heated to generate steam, so that efficient interface evaporation and seawater desalination are realized. In the process, the solar energy is used for high-efficiency interface evaporation instead of heating the seawater in a large water area, so that the seawater evaporation efficiency is greatly improved, and the rapid water production is realized; and the traditional complicated distillation system is omitted, so that the system cost is obviously reduced.
According to the existing photothermal conversion seawater desalination device, salt is deposited on the surface of a photothermal conversion structure in the seawater desalination process, so that the absorption of solar energy is hindered, and the efficiency of solar photothermal conversion and seawater desalination is reduced. Meanwhile, the photo-thermal conversion material is directly contacted with a large water body, so that heat dissipation loss is large. In addition, a photo-thermal conversion seawater desalination device conveys evaporated high-concentration salt solution back to a large water body through a shared salt conveying channel and a water conveying channel, so that the salt is prevented from being deposited on the surface of the photo-thermal conversion structure, but the salt solubility of the large water body is increased by the method, and the service lives of the photo-thermal conversion structure and the water conveying liquid absorption core are shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a photothermal conversion seawater desalination device, a manufacturing method and a seawater desalination method, which have a salt collection function, avoid the deposition of desalted salt on a photothermal conversion structure, realize the separation of salt from a large water body, improve the photothermal conversion and seawater desalination efficiency, and prolong the service life of the photothermal conversion structure and a water transfer liquid absorption core.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a light and heat conversion sea water desalination device which characterized in that: the device comprises a composite photothermal conversion structure, a collecting box, a capillary wick and a container; the container is used for containing seawater; the collecting box is provided with an opening and floats or is fixed on the container; the composite photo-thermal conversion structure is arranged at an opening of the collecting box, a hydrophilic layer is arranged on one side of the composite photo-thermal conversion structure opposite to the collecting box, a photo-thermal conversion layer is arranged on the other side of the composite photo-thermal conversion structure, and a hydrophobic layer is arranged between the photo-thermal conversion layer and the hydrophilic layer; the capillary wick is connected at one end to a hydrophilic layer and at the other end immersed in a container to draw seawater to the hydrophilic layer.
The base material of the composite photothermal conversion structure is a porous foam structure, and the porous foam structure is any one of foamed nickel, foamed copper and foamed iron. The cellular foam structure includes one or more layers of cellular foam boards.
The collecting box is made of any one of a plastic plate, an acrylic plate and a PVC plate; the device comprises at least one collecting box and at least one capillary wick, preferably two collecting boxes, wherein a channel is arranged between every two adjacent collecting boxes, and the capillary wick penetrates through the channel.
A manufacturing method of a photothermal conversion seawater desalination device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting two porous foam plates for processing, carrying out hydrophilization treatment on one porous foam plate to form a hydrophilic layer, carrying out hydrophobization treatment on the other porous foam plate to form a hydrophobic layer, and depositing a photothermal conversion material on the hydrophobic layer to form a photothermal conversion layer; then superposing the two porous foam plates to prepare a composite photothermal conversion structure;
2) manufacturing a collecting box with an opening at the top, cutting the capillary liquid absorption core structure of the super absorbent material, connecting the upper end of the collecting box with the hydrophilic layer of the composite photothermal conversion layer, and immersing the lower end of the collecting box into a container;
3) the composite photo-thermal conversion structure is arranged at the opening of the collecting box, and the collecting box floats or is fixed on the container.
A seawater desalination method is characterized in that: adopt compound light and heat conversion structure, collecting box, capillary wick and container to realize, inhale the hydrophilic layer to compound light and heat conversion structure through the sea water of capillary wick in with the container, the light and heat conversion layer of compound light and heat conversion structure absorbs solar energy conversion and converts heat energy and conduct to the hydrophilic layer and make the sea water evaporate, and vapor is discharged from the pore of compound light and heat conversion structure, and the salinity that separates out deposits in the collecting box, realizes the quick separation of salinity.
As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the device and the method of the invention adopt the capillary wick to absorb the seawater to the hydrophilic layer; absorb solar energy conversion through light and heat conversion layer and conduct to the hydrophilic layer and make the sea water evaporation, realize the flash separation of salinity, the salinity deposit of appearing has effectively been avoided light and heat conversion layer's salinity deposit in the collecting box, realizes the dual effect that sea water desalination and salinity collected simultaneously.
(2) According to the device and the method, the hydrophilic layer is arranged on the lower surface of the composite photo-thermal conversion structure, salt separated out after the photo-thermal evaporation of the seawater is deposited in the salt collecting box under the action of gravity and separated from the capillary liquid absorption core, the continuous increase of the solubility of large water salt is avoided, and the service life of the photo-thermal conversion material water delivery liquid absorption core is prolonged.
(3) According to the device and the method, the hydrophobic layer is arranged between the hydrophilic layer and the photothermal conversion layer and is used for reducing the amount of water contacted by the photothermal conversion layer and reducing the influence on the photothermal conversion.
(4) The composite photo-thermal conversion structure is separated from the large water body in the container through the collecting box, so that heat loss of photo-thermal evaporation is greatly reduced, and photo-thermal conversion and seawater desalination efficiency is improved.
(5) The device and the method of the invention can be used in the field of seawater desalination, and can be used in a plurality of aspects such as sewage treatment, heavy metal recovery and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the composite photothermal conversion structure preparation of the present invention;
wherein:
10. composite light and heat conversion structure, 11, light and heat conversion layer, 12, hydrophobic layer, 13, hydrophilic layer, 20, collecting box, 21, channel, 30, capillary wick, 40, container.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below by means of specific embodiments.
In the present invention, in the description, the directions or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", and "rear" are used as the directions or positional relationships indicated by the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate. In addition, in the description of the present application, "multi-layer" means two or more layers unless otherwise specified.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the photothermal conversion seawater desalination device comprises a composite photothermal conversion structure 10, a collection box 20, a capillary wick 30 and a container 40. The container 40 is used for containing seawater; the collection chamber 20 is provided with an opening and floats on or is fixed to the container 40; the composite photo-thermal conversion structure 10 is arranged at an opening of the collecting box 20, and a hydrophilic layer 13 is arranged on one side of the composite photo-thermal conversion structure opposite to the collecting box 20, and a photo-thermal conversion layer 11 is arranged on the other side of the composite photo-thermal conversion structure; the capillary wick 30 is connected at one end to the hydrophilic layer and at the other end immersed in the container 40 to draw seawater to the hydrophilic layer 13; solar energy is absorbed by the photothermal conversion layer 11 and converted into heat energy, and the heat energy is conducted to the hydrophilic layer 13, so that seawater is evaporated, the rapid separation of salt is realized, and the separated salt is deposited in the collection box 20.
The base material of the composite photothermal conversion structure 10 is a porous foam structure, and the porous foam structure has micron-sized pore channels, so that water vapor can be discharged when seawater is evaporated. The porous foam structure is any one of nickel foam, copper foam and iron foam, and is preferably copper foam. The cellular foam structure may include one or more layers of cellular foam boards.
The light-to-heat conversion layer 11 may be located on an upper surface of the composite light-to-heat conversion structure 10 for absorbing solar energy and converting the solar energy into thermal energy. The material of the photothermal conversion layer 11 may be any one of a carbon material, a noble metal nanoparticle, and a semiconductor photothermal material, but is not limited thereto.
Further, the composite photothermal conversion structure 10 is further provided with a hydrophobic layer 12, and the hydrophobic layer 12 is located between the photothermal conversion layer 11 and the hydrophilic layer 13. In practical applications, the photothermal conversion layer 11 may be disposed on the surface of the water-repellent layer 12.
In the present invention, the hydrophilic layer 13 is formed by hydrophilizing the porous foam structure. The hydrophobic layer 12 is formed by hydrophobizing a porous foam structure.
The container 40 may be configured as an open ended container and the container 40 may be formed of a non-corrosive material, preferably a polyethylene plastic square container. The collecting box 20 is used for collecting the salt that is appeared, and its material is any one of plastic slab, ya keli board and PVC board, and collecting box 20 constitutes open-ended box structure in the top through the equipment of polylith panel. Capillary wick 30 is a super absorbent material, preferably an absorbent sponge, but is not limited thereto. The number of collection boxes 20 of the present invention can be set according to practical situations, and can be one, two or more, and the number of capillary wicks 30 can also be one, two, three or more.
In practice, one collection tank 20 and a plurality of capillary wicks 30 may be provided, or alternatively, two collection tanks 20 and a plurality of capillary wicks 30 may be provided, the two collection tanks 20 being placed side by side in a container 40, a channel 21 being provided between the two collection tanks 20, through which channel 21 the capillary wicks 30 pass.
In the present invention, the dimensions of the container 40, the collection box 20, and the composite photothermal conversion structure 10 may be set according to the actual conditions, for example, referring to fig. 3, the length and width L of the composite photothermal conversion structure 10120cm-40cm, thickness delta10.5-2mm, and 20-50 μm pore diameter. Thickness δ of the sheet material used for the collecting box 2025-10mm, height H of the assembled collection box 2015-10cm, length and width W120-40cm, the width W of the channel 21 between the two collecting boxes 2022-4cm, height H2Is 4-8 cm. Diameter d of the absorbent sponge11.5-3.5mm, height H3Is 10-20 cm. Length and width d of the container 40230-70cm, height H4Is 30-70 cm.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the photothermal conversion seawater desalination device, which comprises the following steps:
1) selecting two porous foam plates for processing, carrying out hydrophilization treatment on one porous foam plate to form a hydrophilic layer 13, carrying out hydrophobization treatment on the other porous foam plate to form a hydrophobic layer 12, and depositing a photothermal conversion material on the hydrophobic layer 12 to form a photothermal conversion layer 11; and then the two porous foam plates are superposed to prepare the composite photothermal conversion structure 10.
In this step, referring to fig. 4, two pieces of porous metal copper foam can be selected as the photothermal conversion porous substrate, which has a length and width of 20cm to 40cm, a thickness of 0.5 mm to 2mm, and a pore diameter of 20 μm to 50 μm.
The method for carrying out hydrophilization treatment on one of the porous metal foam copper comprises the following steps: a piece of copper foam was placed in an aqueous ammonia solution containing 4g of NaOH, and 1.14g of (NH)4)2S2O8Dissolving in 100ml deionized water, soaking for one hour, taking out, washing with deionized water, blowing with nitrogen gas, and forming super-hydrophilic surface on the surface to form hydrophilic layer 13.
The other porous metal foam copper is subjected to hydrophobization treatment, and the specific implementation method comprises the following steps: and putting the other piece of foam copper into a methanol solution containing 2% of perfluorodiethoxysilane, soaking for one hour, taking out, washing with deionized water, and drying in a vacuum drying oven for 50-60min to form a super-hydrophobic surface to form the hydrophobic layer 12.
Depositing gold nanoparticles on the upper surface of the hydrophobized porous metal foam copper, and specifically implementing the method: mixing 1% of sodium citrate and 0.075% of chloroauric acid solution according to a ratio of 1:1, then putting the porous metal foam copper subjected to hydrophobic treatment into the mixed solution of the sodium citrate and the chloroauric acid to perform water bath reaction to generate gold nanoparticles, and putting the gold nanoparticles into a vacuum drying oven to perform drying for 50-60min, so that the gold nanoparticles are attached with a certain proportion of plasmon photothermal conversion gold nanoparticles to form a photothermal conversion layer 11.
And then, the prepared super-hydrophilic porous metal foam copper and the super-hydrophobic porous metal foam copper attached with the plasmon gold nanoparticles are overlapped together through bonding to form a composite photo-thermal conversion structure 10, wherein the photo-thermal conversion layer 11 is positioned on the upper surface, the hydrophobic layer 12 is arranged in the middle, and the hydrophilic layer 13 is arranged on the lower surface.
2) The collection tank 20 with an open top was fabricated, the capillary wick structure of superabsorbent material was cut, the upper end thereof was connected to the hydrophilic layer 13 of the composite photothermal conversion layer 11, and the lower end thereof was immersed in the container 40.
In this step, the thickness of the material is 6-8mm by machiningThe acrylic sheet is processed into sheets of different shapes and sizes, which are glued to form the collecting box 20. The height of the assembled collecting box 20 is 5-10cm, the length and the width are 20-40cm, and the width W of the middle channel 2122-4cm, height H2Is 4-8 cm. The large cavity in collection tank 20 is available for the collection of salt from desalination of the seawater and channel 21 is available for capillary wick 30 to pass through. The collection tank 20 separates the composite photothermal conversion structure 10 from seawater, thereby reducing heat loss.
Diameter d11.5-3.5mm, height H3A 10-20cm absorbent sponge is used as the capillary wick 30, the upper end of which is firmly bonded to the lower surface of the hydrophilic composite photothermal conversion structure 10, and the lower end of which is immersed in the container 40.
3) The composite photothermal conversion structure 10 is installed at the opening of the collective tank 20, and the collective tank 20 is floated or fixed on the container 40. The preparation of the light-heat conversion seawater desalination device is completed.
The invention also provides a seawater desalination method, which is realized by adopting the composite photothermal conversion structure 10, the collection box 20, the capillary wick 30 and the container 40, the seawater in the container 40 can be absorbed to the hydrophilic layer 13 of the composite photothermal conversion structure 10 through the capillary force action of the capillary wick 30, the photothermal conversion layer 11 of the composite photothermal conversion structure 10 absorbs solar energy and converts the solar energy into heat energy and conducts the heat energy to the hydrophilic layer 13, so that the seawater is evaporated, water vapor is upwards discharged from a pore channel of the composite photothermal conversion structure 10, and salt in the seawater is separated out from the hydrophilic layer 13 on the lower surface and is deposited in the collection box 20 under the action of gravity, so that the double effects of seawater desalination and simultaneous salt collection are realized.
The invention effectively avoids the salt deposition of the photothermal conversion layer, greatly reduces the heat loss of photothermal evaporation, improves the efficiency of photothermal conversion and seawater desalination, and can be used in the fields of seawater desalination, sewage treatment, heavy metal recovery and the like.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made by using the design concept should fall within the scope of infringing the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a light and heat conversion sea water desalination device which characterized in that: the device comprises a composite photothermal conversion structure, a collecting box, a capillary wick and a container; the container is used for containing seawater; the collecting box is provided with an opening and floats or is fixed on the container; the composite photo-thermal conversion structure is arranged at an opening of the collecting box, a hydrophilic layer is arranged on one side of the composite photo-thermal conversion structure opposite to the collecting box, a photo-thermal conversion layer is arranged on the other side of the composite photo-thermal conversion structure, and a hydrophobic layer is arranged between the photo-thermal conversion layer and the hydrophilic layer; the capillary wick is connected at one end to a hydrophilic layer and at the other end immersed in a container to draw seawater to the hydrophilic layer.
2. The photothermal conversion seawater desalination apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the base material of the composite photothermal conversion structure is a porous foam structure, and the porous foam structure is any one of foamed nickel, foamed copper and foamed iron.
3. The photothermal conversion seawater desalination apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein: the cellular foam structure includes one or more layers of cellular foam boards.
4. The photothermal conversion seawater desalination apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the material of the photothermal conversion layer is any one of a carbon material, a noble metal nanoparticle, and a semiconductor photothermal material.
5. The photothermal conversion seawater desalination apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the collecting box is made of any one of a plastic plate, an acrylic plate and a PVC plate.
6. The photothermal conversion seawater desalination apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: comprises at least one collection box and at least one capillary wick.
7. The photothermal conversion seawater desalination apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the capillary liquid absorption core comprises two collecting boxes, wherein a channel is arranged between every two adjacent collecting boxes, and the capillary liquid absorption core penetrates through the channel.
8. The photothermal conversion seawater desalination apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the capillary wick is made of super absorbent materials.
9. A manufacturing method of a photothermal conversion seawater desalination device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting two porous foam plates for processing, carrying out hydrophilization treatment on one porous foam plate to form a hydrophilic layer, carrying out hydrophobization treatment on the other porous foam plate to form a hydrophobic layer, and depositing a photothermal conversion material on the hydrophobic layer to form a photothermal conversion layer; then superposing the two porous foam plates to prepare a composite photothermal conversion structure;
2) manufacturing a collecting box with an opening at the top, cutting the capillary liquid absorption core structure of the super absorbent material, connecting the upper end of the collecting box with the hydrophilic layer of the composite photothermal conversion layer, and immersing the lower end of the collecting box into a container;
3) the composite photo-thermal conversion structure is arranged at the opening of the collecting box, and the collecting box floats or is fixed on the container.
10. A seawater desalination method is characterized in that: adopt compound light and heat conversion structure, collecting box, capillary wick and container to realize, inhale the hydrophilic layer to compound light and heat conversion structure through the sea water of capillary wick in with the container, the light and heat conversion layer of compound light and heat conversion structure absorbs solar energy conversion and converts heat energy and conduct to the hydrophilic layer and make the sea water evaporate, and vapor is discharged from the pore of compound light and heat conversion structure, and the salinity that separates out deposits in the collecting box, realizes the quick separation of salinity.
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| CN114702093A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-05 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for preparing three-dimensional porous salt-resistant interface evaporator by using CNTs modified polyurethane sponge |
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