CN113479738B - Self-adaptive relatively constant braking force device - Google Patents

Abstract

A self-adaptive relatively constant braking force device comprises a support, a coupling part, a first translation part, a second translation part, a first elastic element, a first control locking plate, a reset spring, a second elastic element, a friction element, a second control locking plate and a control trigger device, wherein the coupling part is vertically arranged outside a first side of the support, the support is internally provided with the first translation part capable of moving vertically, the second elastic element is arranged between the support and the first translation part, the first translation part capable of moving transversely is arranged in the first translation part, the first elastic element is arranged between the first translation part and the second translation part, the support is internally provided with the first control locking plate capable of moving transversely, the second translation part is also provided with the control trigger device capable of rotating around the second translation part, and the first side of the friction element is contacted with the first side of the second translation part and can move vertically.

Description

An adaptive relatively constant braking force device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of elevators, in particular to an adaptive relatively constant braking force device.

Background technique

In the existing emergency braking device, the problem of accidents caused by friction factors or changes in working conditions often occurs. The reason is that the braking device always fixes the positive pressure acting on the counterpart when it is adjusted at the factory. When the coefficient changes, the size of the braking force cannot be adjusted in time according to the change of the friction factor, and the small change of the friction factor will seriously affect the braking ability. Due to different processing methods, surface protection, working conditions, processing and manufacturing errors, or external factors such as rust and oil pollution, there will be a wide range of changes in friction factors. Safe braking under all operating conditions. However, the braking force is jointly determined by the positive pressure and the friction coefficient. Therefore, it is necessary to study and solve the problem that the braking device and the dual parts automatically adjust the braking force control device as the friction coefficient changes to obtain a relatively constant braking force. It has great economic value and social benefits.

Chinese Patent Application No. 201510537341.7 discloses a device for automatically adjusting the braking force, which realizes the automatic adjustment of the positive pressure of the elastic element and obtains a relatively constant braking force through the method of controlling the positive pressure by the mechanical negative feedback of the braking force. It adjusts the feedback amount through the angle of the friction element, the angle difference of the self-adjusting member and the spring. The machining error of the angle has a great influence on the size of the feedback, and the size of the feedback force is not easy to control. Therefore, the patent exists under the same conditions. Applicable to various working conditions, the P+Q value of the elevator should be more accurate. Since the P+Q value will have a range in the elevator design, this range will basically be increased, and then controlled by adjusting the balance coefficient on site. The addition and subtraction of the weight block makes the weight of the elevator on site lighter than the design weight. This range is related to the control of the designer, and the control of the weight of the elevator is required to be very accurate. Therefore, the patent will exist in the actual elevator design and application. certain difficulty.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Based on this, the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an adaptive relatively constant braking force device, which adjusts the braking force control device so that after reaching the preset braking force, the control device is triggered to make the friction element and the The relative position of the translation member is locked, so that the elastic element providing positive pressure is no longer deformed, and the braking force is constant.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

An adaptive relatively constant braking force device, comprising a bracket, a dual element, a first translation element, a second translation element, a first elastic element, a first control lock plate, a return spring, a second elastic element, a friction element, a second The control lock plate and the trigger device are controlled. The pair is vertically arranged outside the first side of the bracket. The bracket is provided with a first translation piece that can move vertically. A second elastic element is arranged between the bracket and the first translation piece. The second elastic element has a slight pre-pressure, the first translation element is provided with a second translation element that can move laterally, a first elastic element is arranged between the first translation element and the second translation element, and the bracket is also provided with a transversely movable element The first control lock plate of the second translation member is also provided with a control trigger device that can rotate around the second translation member, and the first side of the friction element is in contact with the first side of the second translation member and can move vertically;

During the upward movement of the friction element, the friction element and the second translation member can produce relative movement in the horizontal and vertical directions, so the first elastic element is pushed to deform to generate a positive pressure; when the control trigger device is in contact with the bracket, the first control lock is pushed. The plate moves laterally relative to the second translation member, the first control lock plate is in contact with the second control lock plate and self-locks, the friction element and the second translation member are relatively stationary, the first elastic element is not further deformed, and acts on the dual The positive pressure on the piece will remain the same.

Preferably, the first side of the friction element is in the shape of an inclined plane, the angle is θ, the second side is a vertical plane parallel to the plane of the counterpart, and the first side of the second translation element is in the shape of an inclined plane, parallel to the first side of the friction element, When the friction element moves vertically, the inclined plane can push the first translation member to move vertically and the second translation member to move laterally.

Preferably, the first control lock plate can move laterally along the bracket, and the vertical position is relatively unchanged from the bracket, and the first control lock plate and the second translation member keep their lateral positions relatively unchanged, which can be controlled relative to each other by a limit stop. position, the limit stop is arranged on the first translation member, the first control lock plate is also provided with the return spring, and the return spring is used to restore the relationship between the first control lock plate and the second translation member relative position.

Preferably, the return spring is connected with the second translation member, the first translation member or the bracket, and the return spring is used to maintain and limit the first control lock plate when the second translation member moves left and right The force with which the stopper fits.

Preferably, the elastic coefficient of the first elastic element is larger than that of the second elastic element, and the first elastic element and the second elastic element are U-shaped springs, disc springs, flat springs, coil springs, hydraulic Gas spring or pressure rod spring.

Preferably, the side of the friction element in contact with the second translation member is provided with several ball rows for reducing the coefficient of friction.

Preferably, when the vertical movement of the friction element drives the first translation member to compress the second elastic element, when the compression reaches a set height, the action of the control trigger device can push the first control lock plate to move laterally, so as to make it and the second elastic element move laterally. The lateral position of the translation member has relative movement, the first control lock plate and the second control lock plate contact and self-lock, and the control triggering device adopts a pendulum mechanism, a cam mechanism, a hydraulic mechanism, and the like.

Preferably, the first control lock plate and the second control lock plate are self-locked by triangular tooth contact or self-locked by a super-large friction coefficient element.

When the actual friction coefficient μ is equal to the set minimum friction coefficient μ0, when the first elastic element deforms ΔW1 to generate a positive pressure F _S0 , the friction force is F _S0 *μ0 at this time is equal to the set F0, according to the mechanical balance relationship, this At this time, the deformation amount of the second elastic element is ΔH1. At this time, the trigger control device makes it push the first control lock plate to move in the direction of the second control lock plate. Since the trigger control device starts to move to the locking process, the second control lock plate (friction Element) and the vertical stroke of the first control lock plate is L, the friction element still has relative motion with the second translation member, so that the positive pressure increases so that the friction force is greater than F0, so the first translation member will continue to push the second translation member. Two elastic elements, until the self-locking of the first control lock plate and the second control lock plate is completed, the deformation ΔW2 of the first elastic element and the positive pressure will no longer increase. The braking force is K2*ΔH2. At this time, the deformation amount ΔW2 of the first elastic element is the minimum deformation requirement for the selection of the first elastic element.

When the actual friction coefficient μ is equal to the set maximum friction coefficient μ1, when the first elastic element deforms ΔW1 to generate a positive pressure F _S0 , the friction force is F _S0 *μ0 at this time is equal to the set F0, according to the mechanical balance relationship, this At this time, the deformation amount of the second elastic element is ΔH1. At this time, the trigger control device makes it push the first control lock plate to move in the direction of the second control lock plate. Since the trigger control device starts to move to the locking process, the second control lock plate (friction Element) and the vertical stroke of the first control lock plate is L, the friction element still has relative motion with the second translation member, so that the positive pressure increases so that the friction force is greater than F0, so the first translation member will continue to push the second translation member. Two elastic elements, until the self-locking of the first control lock plate and the second control lock plate is completed, the deformation ΔW2 of the first elastic element will no longer increase the positive pressure. At this time, according to the mechanical balance relationship, the deformation of the second elastic element is ΔH2, and finally The braking force is K2*ΔH2. At this time, the deformation amount ΔH2 of the second elastic element is the minimum deformation requirement for the selection of the second elastic element.

Preferably, when the actual friction coefficient μ triggers the setting value F0 of the braking force of the control device, according to the force analysis and calculation, the actual balanced force is obtained as F=F0+ΔF. ΔF is related to μ and L. When the variation range of μ is determined and the value of L is determined (assuming 2.5mm), the variation range of the force F after the actual balance can be determined. This variation range is relatively small, so the braking force is considered to be relatively constant. of.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The self-adaptive relatively constant braking force device provided by the present invention realizes that when the friction coefficient μ changes, the braking force is kept within a relatively constant range, so as to ensure the safety and reliability of the braking device under working conditions, and essentially Solve the safety problem, and the scope of application has also been greatly improved, with very great economic value and social benefits.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive relatively constant braking force device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of components of an adaptive relatively constant braking force device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the position of the friction element of the device according to the embodiment of the present invention when it is in contact with the counterpart;

4 is a schematic diagram of the equilibrium position of the device according to the embodiment of the present invention after reaching the set braking force;

5 is a schematic diagram of the equilibrium position of the device according to the embodiment of the present invention after reaching the final braking force;

Fig. 6 is the force balance parameter table of the device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a broken line diagram of the force balance of the device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a broken line diagram of the braking force deceleration change of the device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 100. bracket, 110. pad, 200. second elastic element, 300. first translation member, 310. first translation member bracket, 320. second translation member, 321. limit block, 330. first translation member An elastic element, 340. Control trigger device, 341. Control device shaft, 342. Control device push rod, 400. First control lock plate return spring, 500. First control lock plate, 600. Ball row, 710. Friction element , 720. Second control lock plate, 800. Dual parts.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , an adaptive relatively constant braking force device includes: a bracket 100, a dual element 800, a first translation element 300, a second translation element 320, a first elastic element 330, a first control lock plate 500, The first control lock plate 500 has the return spring 400, the second elastic element 200, the friction element 710, the second control lock plate 720, and the control trigger device 340. The counterpart 800 is vertically arranged outside the first side of the bracket 100. The bracket 100 A first translation member 300 capable of vertical movement is arranged inside, a second elastic element 200 is arranged between the bracket 100 and the first translation member 300, the second elastic member 200 has a slight pre-pressure, and a A second translation member 320 that moves laterally, a first elastic element is provided between the first translation member 300 and the second translation member 320, and a first control lock plate 500 that can move laterally is also provided in the bracket 100. The first control lock plate 500 and the second translation member 320 are kept relatively unchanged in lateral positions through the first control lock plate 500 and the limit block 321. The second translation member 320 is also provided with a control trigger device 340 that can rotate around the second translation member 320 to control the trigger device. When the 340 rotates, the first control lock plate 500 can be pushed to move laterally to make it move relative to the lateral position of the second translation member 320. The first control lock plate 500 is also provided with a return spring 400 for restoring the first control lock plate. The relative position of 500 and the second translation member 320, the friction element 710 and the second control lock plate 720 are relatively fixed, the first side of the friction element 710 is in contact with the first side of the second translation member 320 and can move vertically.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the first side of the friction element 710 is inclined, the angle is θ, the second side is a vertical plane and is parallel to the plane of the counterpart 800 , the first side of the second translation element 320 is inclined, and the friction element 710 The first side is parallel. When the friction element 710 moves vertically, the second translation member 320 can be pushed to move laterally by the inclined plane.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the return spring 400 can be connected with the second translation member 320, and can also be connected with the first translation member 300 or with the bracket 100, as long as a certain force of the first control lock plate 500 can be provided so that it can be When the second translation member 320 moves left and right, it remains in close contact with the limiting block.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the first elastic element can be selected from an elastic element K1 with a large elastic coefficient, the second elastic element 200 can be selected from an elastic element K2 with a small elastic coefficient, and the elastic element can be a U-shaped spring, a disc spring, a flat spring, Coil spring, hydraulic, gas spring or pressure rod spring, etc.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the first side of the friction element 710 is in contact with the first side of the second translation member 320 and has a relative movement, and a ball row 600 is added in the middle to reduce the friction coefficient.

As shown in FIG. 1 , when the friction element 710 moves upward, when the friction element 710 is not in contact with the counterpart 800 , the first control lock plate 500 is not in contact with the second control lock plate 720 , and the friction element 710 is in contact with the second translation member 320 Lateral and vertical relative movements can be generated, but at this time, only the friction element 710 approaches the counterpart 800 laterally, and does not push the first elastic element to deform to generate a positive pressure.

As shown in FIG. 3 , when the friction element 710 continues to move upward, the friction element 710 is in contact with the counterpart 800 and the control trigger device 340 has not been in contact with the bracket 100 , the first control lock plate 500 and the second control lock plate 720 are not in contact with each other. When in contact, the friction element 710 and the second translation member 320 can move relative to each other in the lateral and vertical directions. Since the friction element 710 has touched the counterpart 800 , the first elastic element is pushed to deform to generate a positive pressure.

As shown in FIG. 4 , when the control trigger device 340 is in contact with the bracket 100 , the first control lock plate 500 is pushed to move laterally relative to the second translation member 320 . At this time, the first control lock plate 500 and the second control lock plate 720 The tooth-shaped self-locking teeth still have a distance of L before they contact the self-locking, and the range of L is (0, L0), the friction element 710 and the second translation member 320 can continue to generate horizontal and vertical relative movement, and the deformation of the first elastic element produces The positive pressure continues to increase, so the first translation member 300 will continue to compress the second elastic element 200 until the force is balanced.

As shown in FIG. 5 , when the vertical relative movement distance of the first control lock plate 500 and the second control lock plate 720 reaches L, the friction element 710 and the second translation member 320 are relatively stationary, so the first elastic element is not further deformed , at this time, the positive pressure acting on the dual element 800 will remain unchanged, so the braking force will reach a fixed value and will not change.

As shown in FIG. 4 , in the technical solution of the present invention, when the deformation amount of the second elastic element 200 is ΔH1, the compressive force is the set value F0. At this time, the triggering device 340 is controlled to just touch the bracket 100, and the first translation member 300 When the upward movement is continued, the control device push rod 342 will rotate around the control device rotating shaft 341 to push the first control lock plate 500 to move in the direction of the second control lock plate 720 .

When the actual friction coefficient μ is equal to the set minimum friction coefficient μ0, when the first elastic element deforms ΔW1 to generate a positive pressure F _S0 , the friction force is F _S0 *μ0 at this time is equal to the set F0, according to the mechanical balance relationship, this At this time, the deformation amount of the second elastic element 200 is ΔH1, as shown in FIG. 4 , at this time, the trigger control device pushes the first control lock plate 500 to move in the direction of the second control lock plate 720, because the trigger control device starts to move to the locked position. During the process, the vertical stroke between the second control lock plate 720 (friction element 710 ) and the first control lock plate 500 is L, and the friction element 710 still has relative motion with the second translation member 320 , so that the positive pressure increases to make the friction force is greater than F0, so the first translation member 300 will continue to push the second elastic element 200 until the self-locking of the first control lock plate 500 and the second control lock plate 720 is completed, and the positive pressure of the deformation ΔW2 of the first elastic element will no longer increase. At this time, according to the mechanical balance relationship, the deformation amount of the second elastic element 200 is ΔH2. As shown in FIG. 5 , the final braking force is K2*ΔH2. At this time, the deformation amount ΔW2 of the first elastic element is the minimum deformation requirement for the selection of the first elastic element.

When the actual friction coefficient μ is equal to the set maximum friction coefficient μ1, when the first elastic element deforms ΔW1 to generate a positive pressure F _S0 , the friction force is F _S0 *μ0 at this time is equal to the set F0, according to the mechanical balance relationship, this At this time, the deformation amount of the second elastic element 200 is ΔH1, as shown in FIG. 4 , at this time, the trigger control device pushes the first control lock plate 500 to move in the direction of the second control lock plate 720, because the trigger control device starts to move to the locked position. During the process, the vertical stroke between the second control lock plate 720 (friction element 710 ) and the first control lock plate 500 is L, and the friction element 710 still has relative motion with the second translation member 320 , so that the positive pressure increases to make the friction force is greater than F0, so the first translation member 300 will continue to push the second elastic element 200 until the self-locking of the first control lock plate 500 and the second control lock plate 720 is completed, and the positive pressure of the deformation ΔW2 of the first elastic element will no longer increase. At this time, according to the mechanical balance relationship, the deformation amount of the second elastic element 200 is ΔH2. As shown in FIG. 5 , the final braking force is K2*ΔH2. At this time, the deformation amount ΔH2 of the second elastic element 200 is the minimum deformation requirement for the selection of the second elastic element 200 .

As shown in Figure 6, preferably, when the actual friction coefficient μ changes in the range of [0.3, 1], the trigger control device braking force setting value F0 = 1200Kg, θ is 10 degrees, the L value is determined to be 2.5mm, and the remaining parameter values As shown in Figure 6, according to the force analysis and calculation, the actual balance force is F, and the change range of the actual balance force F can be determined by calculating according to the parameter change value. It can be seen from the figure that this change range Relatively small, as shown in Figure 7, when L0=2.5, the F range is [1235, 1244] Kg, so the braking force is considered to be relatively constant.

As shown in Figure 8, preferably, when the variation range of L is (0, 2.5) under different working conditions, the range of P+Q is [2500, 3500] Kg, and the deceleration variation of the braking force is (0.37, 0.99 ), so it can realize safe braking under different working conditions, P+Q can cope with a large range, and it is easy to control the selection of safety gear during design.

In the present invention, the braking force control device is adjusted so that after reaching the preset braking force, the control device is triggered to lock the relative position of the friction element and the translation member, so that the elastic element providing positive pressure is no longer deformed and the braking force is achieved. constant. Because the preset braking force is set by the elastic element and is not affected by the change of the friction coefficient, the preset braking force will not be affected when the friction coefficient changes, but the friction element and the translation member are caused by the triggering of the control device to the action of the control device. There is a delay in the relative position locking, so there will be a certain increase in the final braking force and the preset braking force, but the increase is small with the friction coefficient, which can be considered relatively constant, so the relative position locking of the final friction element and the translation member is balanced. Then, the braking force is equal to the preset braking force plus the minimum friction coefficient balance change force plus the actual friction coefficient relative to the minimum friction coefficient balance change force. The variation of the friction coefficient relative to the minimum friction coefficient balance change force is small, so a relatively constant braking force is obtained, ensuring the safety and reliability of the braking device under different working conditions.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, not each embodiment only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. An adaptive relatively constant braking force device, characterized in that it comprises a bracket (100), a dual element (800), a first translation element (300), a second translation element (320), and a first elastic element (330) ), the first control lock plate (500), the return spring (400), the second elastic element (200), the friction element (710), the second control lock plate (720), the control trigger device (340), the counterpart ( 800) is vertically arranged outside the first side of the bracket (100), the bracket (100) is provided with a first translation member (300) that can move vertically, and the bracket (100) and the first translation member (300) A second elastic element (200) is provided, the second elastic element (200) has a slight pre-pressure, the first translation element (300) is provided with a second translation element (320) capable of lateral movement, and the first translation element (300) ) and the second translation member (320) are provided with a first elastic element (330), the bracket (100) is also provided with a first control lock plate (500) that can move laterally, and the second translation member (320) is also provided with A control trigger device (340) that can be rotated around the second translation member (320) is provided, and the first side of the friction element (710) is in contact with the first side of the second translation member (320) and can move vertically; During the upward movement of the friction element ( 710 ), the friction element ( 710 ) and the second translation member ( 320 ) can generate lateral and vertical relative movements, thus pushing the first elastic element ( 330 ) to deform to generate positive pressure; control triggering When the device (340) is in contact with the bracket (100), the first control lock plate (500) is pushed to move laterally relative to the second translation member (320), the first control lock plate (500) and the second control lock plate (720) Contact self-locking, the friction element (710) and the second translation member (320) are relatively stationary, the first elastic element (330) will not be further deformed, and the positive pressure acting on the counterpart (800) will remain constant. Change. 2. An adaptive relatively constant braking force device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first side of the friction element (710) is in the shape of an inclined plane, the angle is θ, and the second side is a vertical plane and a dual The plane of the element (800) is parallel to the plane, and the first side of the second translation element (320) is in the shape of an inclined plane, which is parallel to the first side of the friction element (710). When the friction element (710) moves vertically, the first translation element can be pushed by the inclined plane. (300) move vertically, and push the second translation member (320) to move laterally. 3. An adaptive relatively constant braking force device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first control lock plate (500) can move laterally along the bracket (100), and the vertical position is the same as the bracket (100) Relatively unchanged, the lateral positions of the first control lock plate (500) and the second translation member (320) remain relatively unchanged, and the relative positions can be controlled by the limit stop (321), which is set On the second translation member (320), the first control lock plate (500) is further provided with a return spring (400), the return spring (400) is used to restore the first control lock plate (500) to the first control lock plate (500) and the first control lock plate (500). The relative positions of the two translation members (320). 4. An adaptive relatively constant braking force device according to claim 3, characterized in that the return spring (400) is connected to the second translation member (320), the first translation member (300) or a bracket (100) is connected, and the return spring (400) is used to provide the force for keeping the first control lock plate (500) in close contact with the limit block (321) when the second translation member (320) moves left and right . 5. An adaptive relatively constant braking force device according to claim 4, characterized in that the first elastic element (330) and the second elastic element (200) are U-shaped springs, disc springs, flat springs, etc. Spring, coil spring, hydraulic, gas spring or lever spring. 6. An adaptive relatively constant braking force device according to claim 5, characterized in that, a side of the friction element (710) in contact with the second translation member (320) is provided with a friction coefficient for reducing the friction coefficient Several ball rows (600). 7. An adaptive relatively constant braking force device according to claim 6, characterized in that the vertical movement of the friction element (710) drives the first translation member (300) to compress the second elastic element (200) ), when compressed to a set height, the action of the control trigger device (340) can push the first control lock plate (500) to move laterally, so that it moves relative to the lateral position of the second translation member (320), the first control lock The plate (500) is in contact with the second control lock plate (720) and self-locking, and the control triggering device adopts a pendulum mechanism, a cam mechanism or a hydraulic mechanism. 8. An adaptive relatively constant braking force device according to claim 7, characterized in that the first control lock plate (500) and the second control lock plate (720) are self-locking by using triangular tooth contact or by friction Coefficient element contact self-locking.

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