CN113477639B - 一种三氯化铁污渍的清洗方法 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种三氯化铁污渍的清洗方法,首先向待清洗容器中加入稀的NaOH溶液,润洗,浸泡,然后用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行初次擦洗;初次擦洗完后,再向容器中加入一定量的NaHCO3溶液,再用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第二次擦洗;第二次擦洗完后,再向容器中加入1+4的盐酸溶液,用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第三次擦洗;第三次擦洗完后,在容器内壁上涂抹上混合洗剂,静置后用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第四次擦洗;第四次擦洗完后,将容器放入十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液中浸泡;浸泡完成后,将容器取出,用清水冲洗干净即可;利用该方法能够有效、全面、便捷的将含三氯化铁污渍的容器清洗干净,提高了容器的重复利用性,避免了资源浪费和环境污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化学去污技术领域,具体涉及一种含三氯化铁污渍的容器的清洗方法。
背景技术
氯化铁是一种共价化合物。又名三氯化铁,化学式为FeCl3,是黑色粉末。熔点307.6℃、沸点316℃,易溶于水并且有强烈的吸水性,能吸收空气里的水分而潮解,由六水三氯化铁失去六个结晶水制得。有机合成催化剂。氯化铁主要用于金属蚀刻,污水处理。其中蚀刻包括铜,不锈钢,铝等材料的蚀刻,对低油度的原水处理,具有效果好、价格便宜等优点,但带来水色泛黄的缺点。也用于印染滚筒刻花、电子工业线路板及荧光数字筒生产等。液体三氯化铁是城市污水及工业废水处理的高效廉价絮凝剂,具有显著的沉淀重金属及硫化物、脱色、脱臭、除油、杀菌、除磷、降低出水COD及BOD等功效。
三氯化铁是一种常用的化学分析试剂,三氯化铁溶液容易附着在容器上,盛装三氯化铁溶液的玻璃和塑料器皿难以清洗干净,时间长了容易在容器内壁形成顽固污渍,让容器外表变得难看,也不能再盛装其他试剂。这些被三氯化铁溶液污染过的器皿,由于难于清洗干净,经常用过以后只能丢弃,这样既造成了资源浪费,又污染了环境。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中的不足,发明人提供了一种三氯化铁污渍的清洗方法,从而提高容器的可重复使用性,避免资源浪费。
具体地,本发明提供了一种三氯化铁污渍的清洗方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:向待清洗容器中加入浓度为1%~2%的NaOH溶液,润洗,浸泡15~30分钟后用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行初次擦洗。此过程中,发生如下反应:
FeCl3+3NaOH=Fe(OH)3↓+3NaCl
Fe(OH)3+FeCl3=Fe(OH)2Cl+FeOHCl2
通过上述反应,促进三氯化铁的溶解,降低其粘附性,使三氯化铁从杯壁脱离下来。
S2:初次擦洗完后,再向容器中加入浓度为0.02~0.05g/ml的NaHCO3溶液,再用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第二次擦洗。此过程中,NaHCO3溶液与过量的NaOH溶液反应:
NaHCO3+NaOH=Na2CO3+H2O
此外,NaHCO3和NaOH的反应需要时间,在第二次擦洗过程中,由于NaHCO3未被反应完,NaHCO3还能够充当摩擦剂,有利于三氯化铁脱落。
S3:第二次擦洗完后,再向容器中加入1+4的盐酸溶液,用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第三次擦洗。由于加入的NaHCO3与NaOH溶液未反应完全,加入盐酸溶液后,盐酸溶液先与NaOH溶液发生酸碱中和反应,中和过量的NaOH溶液,然后与NaHCO3反应。此外,由于三氯化铁长时间暴露在空气中会变质,(如水解产生Fe(OH)3、Fe(OH)3与水结合产生的三氧化二铁水合物等),加入盐酸后,也有利于去除这部分杂质。
S4:第三次擦洗完后,在容器内壁上涂抹上混合洗剂,静置10~20分钟后,用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第四次擦洗。
所述混合洗剂由5%~15%的山梨糖醇、35%~50%的水合硅石、3%~8%的丙二醇、2%~5%的月桂醇硫酸酯钠、0.5%~2%的黄原胶、0.5%~2%的羟乙基纤维素和30%~40%的蒸馏水混合而成;
其中,山梨糖醇和丙二醇为湿润剂,使粘在容器内壁上的固体污渍更易被水浸湿,同时通过降低表面张力或界面张力,使加入的试剂混匀。羟乙基纤维素、水合硅石、黄原胶为增稠剂,让原料成分有机的粘合在一起。月桂醇硫酸酯钠作为表面活性剂、乳化剂及发泡剂,有助于污渍的去除。此外,NaHCO3、山梨糖醇、水合硅石、丙二醇、黄原胶和羟乙基纤维素也作为摩擦剂使用,能够增强洁污能力。
S5:第四次擦洗完后,将容器放入浓度为0.003~0.01g/ml的十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液中浸泡20~40分钟;十二烷基苯磺酸钠作为表面活性剂,增加去污力,此外,也起到进一步清洗的作用,避免残留溶液沾污和腐蚀人体皮肤。
S6:浸泡完成后,将容器取出,用清水冲洗干净。
本发明提供了三氯化铁污渍的清洗方法,用于清洗内壁有三氯化铁污渍的容器,能够将粘在容器内壁上的固体污渍有效清除,提高了容器的重复利用性,避免了资源浪费和环境污染。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中含三氯化铁污渍的玻璃容器的清洗前的示意图;
图2为实施例1中含三氯化铁污渍的玻璃容器的清洗后的示意图;
图3为实施例2中含三氯化铁污渍的塑料容器的清洗前的示意图;
图4为实施例2中含三氯化铁污渍的塑料容器的清洗后的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
配置混合洗剂:
用百分比为10%的山梨糖醇、45%的水合硅石、5%的丙二醇、3%的月桂醇硫酸酯钠、1%的黄原胶、1%的羟乙基纤维素和35%的蒸馏水进行混合,搅拌,调成糊状备用。
清洗步骤:
S1:向含三氯化铁污渍的100ml锥形瓶中加入20ml浓度为1%的NaOH溶液,润洗,浸泡20分钟后用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行初次擦洗。
S2:初次擦洗完后,再向锥形瓶中加入20ml浓度为0.025g/ml的NaHCO3溶液,再用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第二次擦洗。
S3:第二次擦洗完后,再向锥形瓶中加入20ml的1+4盐酸洗液,用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第三次擦洗。
S4:第三次擦洗完后,在锥形瓶内壁上涂抹上混合洗剂,静置10分钟后,用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第四次擦洗。
S5:第四次擦洗完后,将锥形瓶放入浓度为0.005g/ml的十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液中浸泡20分钟;
S6:浸泡完成后,将锥形瓶取出,用清水冲洗干净。
实施例2
配置混合洗剂:
用百分比为15%的山梨糖醇、40%的水合硅石、3%的丙二醇、5%的月桂醇硫酸酯钠、1.5%的黄原胶、0.5%的羟乙基纤维素和35%的蒸馏水进行混合,搅拌,调成糊状备用。
S1:向含三氯化铁污渍的1000ml塑料量杯中加入30ml浓度为2%的NaOH溶液,润洗,浸泡30分钟后用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行初次擦洗。
S2:初次擦洗完后,再向容器中加入30ml浓度为0.025g/ml的NaHCO3溶液,再用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第二次擦洗。
S3:第二次擦洗完后,再向容器中加入30ml的1+4盐酸洗液,用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第三次擦洗。
S4:第三次擦洗完后,在容器内壁上涂抹上混合洗剂,静置20分钟后,用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第四次擦洗。
S5:第四次擦洗完后,将容器放入浓度为0.01g/ml的十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液中浸泡40分钟;
S6:浸泡完成后,将容器取出,用清水冲洗干净。
Claims (1)
1.一种三氯化铁污渍的清洗方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:向待清洗容器中加入浓度为1%~2%的NaOH溶液,润洗,浸泡15~30分钟后用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行初次擦洗;
S2:初次擦洗完后,再向容器中加入浓度为0.02~0.05g/ml的NaHCO3溶液,再用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第二次擦洗;
S3:第二次擦洗完后,再向容器中加入1+4的盐酸溶液,用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第三次擦洗;
S4:第三次擦洗完后,在容器内壁上涂抹上混合洗剂,静置10~20分钟后,用带橡皮的玻璃棒进行第四次擦洗;
S5:第四次擦洗完后,将容器放入浓度为0.003~0.01g/ml的十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液中浸泡20~40分钟;
S6:浸泡完成后,将容器取出,用清水冲洗干净;
所述混合洗剂由百分比为5%~15%的山梨糖醇、35%~50%的水合硅石、3%~8%的丙二醇、2%~5%的月桂醇硫酸酯钠、0.5%~2%的黄原胶、0.5%~2%的羟乙基纤维素和30%~40%的蒸馏水混合而成。
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