CN113468664A - Arrangement method of vehicle acoustic packaging system - Google Patents

Arrangement method of vehicle acoustic packaging system Download PDF

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CN113468664A
CN113468664A CN202110741772.0A CN202110741772A CN113468664A CN 113468664 A CN113468664 A CN 113468664A CN 202110741772 A CN202110741772 A CN 202110741772A CN 113468664 A CN113468664 A CN 113468664A
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surface density
density
vehicle body
sound insulation
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CN113468664B (en
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张思文
杨健国
庞剑
贾文宇
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Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
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    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
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    • G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract

The invention discloses an arrangement method of a vehicle acoustic packaging system, which comprises the steps of vehicle body structure parameterization, balanced design of the acoustic packaging system and a menu design and arrangement method of acoustic materials.

Description

Arrangement method of vehicle acoustic packaging system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an arrangement method of a vehicle acoustic packaging system.
Background
The noise in the automobile is mainly noise generated by a power transmission system, tires/road surfaces and airflow acting on an automobile body and transmitted to a human body and ears through the automobile body system, the automobile body system comprises an automobile body, an acoustic packaging piece, an inner decorative plate and an outer decorative plate, and the like, and is a key part for isolating source and external noise, wherein the automobile body structure is a maximum bearing body of all functions of the automobile, and not only needs to meet the design of a functional structure, but also needs to meet the performance requirements of various aspects such as bearing rigidity, collision safety, NVH (noise vibration harshness), fatigue durability and the like; the inner and outer decorative plate parts mainly meet the function of appearance decoration; they usually show uneven thickness or have obvious sound insulation defects due to the rigidity and the mounting and bearing functions of the vehicle body, and cannot completely meet the sound insulation requirements of NVH. Therefore, arranging acoustic packaging materials at important parts of the vehicle body and the interior and exterior trim panels is a key matching control means for developing NVH of the vehicle.
For the arrangement of acoustic packaging materials, the existing design methods are limited to the design of the materials, thickness and gram weight of five inherent parts (including a front cover sound insulation pad, a cabin sound insulation pad, a front wall sound insulation pad, a carpet, a top cover lining and the like) and an interior trim panel sound absorption cotton, and the design generally follows the principle that: firstly, selecting materials and setting a reference thickness through a sound insulation and absorption test of a standard sample block; secondly, with the set thickness as a target, a final part scheme is determined according to the space surplus of a specific vehicle type and by combining the raw material feeding economy and process feasibility, and no unified and effective design criteria are provided for the structural parameters such as the coverage area, the thickness distribution and the aperture ratio of the part on a metal plate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an arrangement method of a vehicle acoustic packaging system, which can realize parametric design and optimal arrangement of acoustic packages of various sound insulation systems of a vehicle body, avoid obvious sound insulation defects of the whole vehicle and redundancy on arrangement of acoustic materials, realize accurate design, improve the noise level of the vehicle, reduce the cost of raw materials and provide effective guidance for accurate design of the acoustic packaging system in NVH (noise vibration and harshness) development of the vehicle.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for arranging a vehicle acoustic packaging system, comprising the steps of:
calculating the total surface density rho of the vehicle body of each area of the sound insulation system in the direction from the outside of the vehicle to the inside of the vehicle, and performing the pair of the differences according to the total surface density rho of the vehicle body of each areaThe vehicle body structure layer P is subjected to unit grid division to divide a plurality of grid units, and the grid units are U respectively1、U2、···、Un(ii) a Taking the region with the same total vehicle body surface density rho as a unit grid, and taking the position where the total vehicle body surface density rho changes suddenly as the boundary of the unit grid;
arranging a sealing element layer S, which comprises the following specific steps:
selecting the material of the sealing layer S, wherein the sum of the surface densities of the sealing layer S is equal to the minimum vehicle body total surface density in the area around the matched position from the outside to the inside of the vehicle;
arranging the acoustic material, and specifically comprising the following steps:
firstly, dividing a vehicle body structural layer P into a plurality of acoustic material planning regions according to the difference of the functional region, the manufacturing process and the surface density of a sound insulation system;
then planning the thickness space and the target surface density of the area according to the acoustic materials
Figure BDA0003141627820000021
Difference value with total surface density rho of vehicle body
Figure BDA0003141627820000022
Selecting a number of constituent layers of the acoustic material; the component layers are any one of single-layer materials, double-layer materials and materials with more than three layers; each layer of the component layers is a hard layer H or a soft layer L; wherein the single-layer material is a hard layer H or a soft layer L; the double-layer material consists of two hard layers H or two soft layers L or consists of one hard layer H and one soft layer L; the materials with more than three layers are composed of a hard layer H and a plurality of soft layers L, or a plurality of hard layers H and a soft layer L, or a plurality of hard layers H and a plurality of soft layers L;
wherein the target areal density
Figure BDA0003141627820000023
The maximum total surface density of the vehicle body structural layer P with the accumulated area ratio exceeding a preset value;
arranging each layer of acoustic material according to the number of component layers corresponding to each acoustic material planning region;
when the hard layer H is arranged, the concrete steps are as follows:
determining critical surface density p'S(ii) a Wherein the critical plane density is p'SThe second maximum total surface density is that the cumulative area occupation ratio on the vehicle body structural layer P exceeds a preset value; the preset value is determined according to the sound insulation performance requirement of a specific vehicle type, and the cumulative area percentage represents the percentage of the total area of the grid units corresponding to each total area density in the total area of the whole sound insulation system;
determination of the required areal density Δ p of the hard layer HSAreal density Δ p required for the hard layerSEqual to the target areal density
Figure BDA0003141627820000024
And critical plane density p'SA difference of (d); selecting the material of the hard layer H according to the required surface density delta p of the hard layerSAnd the density of the selected hard layer H material, and determining the thickness of the selected hard layer material;
determining the hard layer H to arrange the grid area so that the total surface density of the vehicle body is less than the target surface density
Figure BDA0003141627820000025
The grid unit is a hard layer arrangement grid area;
when the soft layer L is arranged, the specific steps are as follows:
determining the required areal density of the soft layer L, wherein the required areal density of the soft layer L is equal to the critical areal density p'SThe difference value of the total surface density of the vehicle body corresponding to the grid unit;
selecting the material of the soft layer L;
determining the thickness of the soft layer L and arranging a grid area; wherein, for the soft layer L capable of being manufactured according to the shape, the thickness of the soft layer is calculated according to the required surface density of the soft layer L and the density of the selected material of the soft layer L, and the grid area of the soft layer L is all less than the critical surface density p'SThe grid cell of (a); for the soft layer L which can not be manufactured along with the shape, the surface density corresponding to the soft layer L with the preset initial thickness is taken as the amplification, the thickness of the soft layer L required to be paved for each grid unit is determined one by one through an approximation method, and the total surface density of the soft layer L approaches to the critical surfaceDensity;
when the fabric layer C is arranged, the concrete steps are as follows:
the grid area of the fabric layer C is determined according to the requirements of appearance, heat insulation and sound insulation of the vehicle.
Further, the method for calculating the total surface density of the vehicle body of each area of the sound insulation system in the direction from the outside of the vehicle to the inside of the vehicle comprises the following specific steps:
for a single layer of material, the total areal density is equal to the product of the material density and thickness; wherein the single-layer material is a sheet metal or damping glue;
for the multi-layer metal plate, the total surface density is equal to the sum of the surface densities of the multi-layer metal plate; metal plate containing reinforcing plate
For the metal plate pasted with the damping glue, the total surface density is equal to the sum of the surface density of the metal plate and the surface density of the damping glue;
for holes or slits, the areal density is zero.
Further, the thickness space and the target surface density of the area are planned according to the acoustic materials
Figure BDA0003141627820000031
Difference value with total surface density rho of vehicle body
Figure BDA0003141627820000032
Selecting the number of component layers of the acoustic material, and specifically executing the following steps:
difference in areal density for a thickness space of 15mm or less
Figure BDA0003141627820000033
At 2kg/m2The following, a single layer material is used;
difference in areal density for a thickness space of 15mm or less
Figure BDA0003141627820000034
At 2kg/m2Above, double-layer materials are adopted;
the thickness space is more than 15mm, the surface density difference
Figure BDA0003141627820000035
At 2kg/m2Above, more than three layers of materials are used.
Further, the whole vehicle body structure is divided into five sound insulation systems, namely a front wall panel sound insulation system, a front floor sound insulation system, a rear floor sound insulation system, a trunk sound insulation system and an upper vehicle body sound insulation system, according to the position of a main noise source.
Further, the hard layer H is made of one or more of EVA, PVC, PE film, PA film, perforated film and hard fiber felt.
Further, the fabric layer C is made of one of non-woven fabrics, woven fabrics and needle punched fabrics.
Further, the soft layer L is made of one of PET cotton felt, fiber injection molding cotton felt and PU foaming.
Further, the sealing element layer S is one of a plugging patch, a via hole sealing element, a sealing strip and an inner and outer decorative plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the arrangement method of the vehicle acoustic packaging system can realize parametric design and optimal arrangement of acoustic packages of all sound insulation systems of the vehicle body, so as to avoid obvious sound insulation defects of the whole vehicle and redundancy on arrangement of acoustic materials, realize accurate design, improve the noise level of the vehicle, reduce the cost of raw materials and provide effective guidance for accurate design of the acoustic packaging system in NVH development of the vehicle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of arranging a vehicle acoustic packaging system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a division boundary of a sound insulation system of five vehicle bodies;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the front wall panel acoustic insulation system;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the front floor sound insulation system;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a rear floor sound isolation system;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a five-seat vehicle type trunk sound insulation system;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the upper vehicle body acoustic insulation system;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall areal density distribution of the vehicle body of the front wall panel sound insulation system;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of the total areal density and corresponding area ratio of the front panel acoustic insulation system body;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic material equalization arrangement for a sound insulation system.
In the figure:
1-a front wall panel sound insulation system, 11-a front wall panel metal plate assembly, 111-a middle vertical reinforcing plate, 112-a middle channel reinforcing plate front section, 113-a left side hub wrapping reinforcing plate, 114-a right side hub wrapping reinforcing plate, 115-a left side floor reinforcing plate front section, 116-a right side floor reinforcing plate front section, 117-a left side front wall panel damping glue, 118-a right side front wall panel damping glue, 12-a launder metal plate assembly, 13-a left side a column metal plate assembly, 14-a right side a column metal plate assembly, 15-a left side sill front section metal plate and 16-a right side sill front section metal plate;
2-a front floor sound insulation system, 21-a front floor sheet metal assembly, 221-a left side threshold beam rear section inner sheet metal, 222-a left side threshold column sheet metal assembly, 231-a right side threshold beam rear section sheet metal, 232-a right side threshold column sheet metal assembly, 24-a left front door sheet metal assembly, 25-a right front door sheet metal assembly, 26-a left rear door sheet metal assembly, 27-a right rear door sheet metal assembly;
3-a rear floor sound insulation system, 31-a rear floor sheet metal assembly, 312-a rear floor beam sheet metal, 32-a left side hub wrapping sheet metal assembly, 33-a right side hub wrapping sheet metal assembly, 34-a left side rear side wall sheet metal assembly, 35-a right side rear side wall sheet metal assembly;
4-a luggage sound insulation system, 411-luggage floor sheet metal, 412-spare tire pool sheet metal, 42-tail skirt sheet metal assembly, 43-left D-column sheet metal assembly, 44-right D-column sheet metal assembly, 45-back door lower sheet metal assembly;
5-upper vehicle body sound insulation system, 51-front windshield assembly, 521-ceiling sheet metal assembly, 522-skylight assembly, 531-left side wall upper sheet metal assembly, 532-left front door window frame sheet metal assembly, 533-left front window glass, 534-left rear door window frame sheet metal assembly, 535-left rear door window glass, 536-left rear triangular window glass, 541-right side wall upper sheet metal assembly, 542-right front door window frame sheet metal assembly, 543-right front door window glass, 544-right rear door window frame sheet metal assembly, 545-right rear door window glass, 546-right rear triangular window glass, 551-back door sheet metal assembly and 552-rear windshield glass.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The acoustic packaging system includes a seal layer S and acoustic material layers including a soft layer L, a hard layer H and a face material layer C. The acoustic material layer mainly refers to the soft pad that gives sound insulation on the car, give sound insulation like the cabin pad that gives sound insulation, preceding enclose to give sound insulation and fill up, well passageway gives sound insulation and fills up, preceding carpet (main carpet), back carpet (suitcase carpet), back wheel hub package give sound insulation and fill up etc. according to the function setting of each layer, generally can divide into precoat C, hard bed H and soft bed L. The soft layer L mainly plays a role in sound absorption and decoupling, the hard layer H mainly plays a role in sound insulation, and the fabric layer C is an appearance due to the main role and almost covers all vehicle body metal plates in the concerned area.
Referring to fig. 8 to 10, the present embodiment discloses a method of arranging a vehicle acoustic packaging system, including the steps of:
calculating the total vehicle body surface density of each area of the sound insulation system in the direction from the outside of the vehicle to the inside of the vehicle, carrying out unit grid division on a vehicle body structure layer P according to the difference of the total vehicle body surface density of each area, and dividing a plurality of grid units, wherein the grid units are U respectively1、U2、···、Un(ii) a The region with the same total vehicle body area density is used as a unit grid, and the position where the total vehicle body area density changes suddenly is used as the boundary of the unit grid. For example, as shown in fig. 8, a schematic diagram of the distribution of the total vehicle body surface density of the front wall panel sound insulation system 1 is shown, a plurality of reinforcing plates and damping rubber are attached to the front wall panel metal plate 11, and the front wall panel metal plate includes a middle vertical reinforcing plate 111, a middle channel reinforcing plate front section 112, left and right hub wrapping reinforcing plates 113 to 114, left and right floor reinforcing plate front sections 115 to 116, and front wall panel damping rubber 117 to 118, different regions can be divided according to the distribution of the reinforcing plates, and the total vehicle body surface density of each region is equal to the sum of the front wall panel metal plate 11, the reinforcing plate surface density, and the damping rubber surface density of the region. Based on the dividing method, the total surface density of the sound insulation system can be calculatedThe degree and the corresponding area ratio, as shown in the pareto chart of fig. 9, take the area density as the horizontal axis, the total area of the grid cells corresponding to the area density as the vertical axis, and the cumulative area ratio (i.e., the cumulative sum of the total area of the grid cells corresponding to each area density along the horizontal axis as a percentage of the total area of the whole sound insulation system) as the double vertical axis.
Arranging a sealing element layer S, which comprises the following specific steps:
selecting the material of the sealing layer S, wherein the sum of the surface densities of the sealing layer S is equal to the minimum vehicle body total surface density in the area around the matched position from the outside to the inside of the vehicle; as shown in fig. 10, for example, if there are the grid cells U1 and U3 in the area around the joining seal fitting position U2, the total areal density of the seal layer S in the vehicle interior direction from the outside of the vehicle is equal to the minimum vehicle body total areal density of the grid cells U1 and U3 in the area around the fitting position;
arranging the acoustic material, and specifically comprising the following steps:
firstly, a vehicle body structure layer P is divided into a plurality of acoustic material planning regions according to the difference of the functional region, the manufacturing process and the surface density of the sound insulation system. For example, the following steps are carried out: if according to A post panel beating (generally 2 ~ 3 layers of panel beating), tye reinforcing plate (can be regarded as double-deck board) and the difference and the manufacturing convenience of front wall panel beating (generally large tracts of land is the individual layer panel beating) surface density, divide into preceding wallboard region, tye region, left side A post region, right side A post region with the front wall panel sound insulation system.
Then planning the thickness space and the target surface density of the area according to the acoustic materials
Figure BDA0003141627820000051
Difference value with total surface density rho of vehicle body
Figure BDA0003141627820000052
Selecting a number of constituent layers of the acoustic material; the component layers are any one of single-layer materials, double-layer materials and materials with more than three layers; each layer of the component layers is a hard layer H or a soft layer L; wherein the single-layer material is a hard layer H or a soft layer L; the double-layer material is composed of two hard layers H or two soft layers L or one hard layer H anda soft layer L; the materials with more than three layers are composed of a hard layer H and a plurality of soft layers L, or a plurality of hard layers H and a soft layer L, or a plurality of hard layers H and a plurality of soft layers L;
wherein the target areal density
Figure BDA0003141627820000061
The maximum total surface density of the vehicle body structural layer P with the accumulated area ratio exceeding a preset value;
arranging each layer of acoustic material according to the number of component layers corresponding to each acoustic material planning region;
when the hard layer H is arranged, the concrete steps are as follows:
determining critical surface density p'S(ii) a Wherein the critical plane density is p'SThe second maximum total surface density is that the cumulative area occupation ratio on the vehicle body structural layer P exceeds a preset value; the preset value is determined according to the sound insulation performance requirement of a specific vehicle type, and the cumulative area percentage represents the percentage of the total area of the grid units corresponding to each total area density in the total area of the whole sound insulation system; as shown in fig. 9, illustrating: critical surface density p 'when the preset value is 20 percent'SIs 7.1kg/m2。
Determination of the required areal density Δ p of the hard layer HSAreal density Δ p required for the hard layerSEqual to the target areal density
Figure BDA0003141627820000062
And critical plane density p'SA difference of (d); for example, the following steps are carried out: as shown in FIG. 9, the target areal density was determined at a preset value of 20%
Figure BDA0003141627820000063
Is 11.0kg/m2。
Selecting the material of the hard layer H, and determining the thickness of the selected hard layer material according to the surface density of the hard layer required by the hard layer and the density of the selected hard layer H material;
determining the hard layer H to arrange the grid area so that the total surface density of the vehicle body is less than the target surface density
Figure BDA0003141627820000064
The grid unit is a hard layer arrangement grid area; as shown in FIG. 9, less than 11.0kg/m2The grid area of the sheet metal corresponding to the total surface density, namely the hole area with the total surface density of 0 and the total surface density of 7.1kg/m2、9.5kg/m2All the sheet metal regions;
when the soft layer L is arranged, the specific steps are as follows:
determining the required areal density of the soft layer L, wherein the required areal density of the soft layer L is equal to the critical areal density p'SThe difference value of the total surface density of the vehicle body corresponding to the grid unit;
selecting the material of the soft layer L;
determining the thickness of the soft layer L and arranging a grid area; wherein, for the soft layer L capable of being manufactured according to the shape, the thickness of the soft layer is calculated according to the required surface density of the soft layer L and the density of the selected material of the soft layer L, and the grid area of the soft layer L is all less than the critical surface density p'SThe grid cell of (a); for the soft layer L which cannot be manufactured along with the shape, the surface density corresponding to the soft layer L with the preset initial thickness is taken as an amplification, the thickness of the soft layer L required to be paved for each grid unit is determined one by one through an approximation method, and the total surface density of the soft layer L approaches to the critical surface density; the soft layer L manufactured according to the shape comprises fiber injection molding and PU materials, and in some embodiments, the soft layer L manufactured according to the shape also comprises other types of soft layers L. Soft layers L that cannot be made with shape, such as flat cut felt.
In this embodiment, the preset initial thickness is 5mm, and in some embodiments, the preset initial thickness may take other values, which is not limited herein.
When the fabric layer C is arranged, the concrete steps are as follows:
the grid area of the fabric layer C is determined according to the requirements of appearance, heat insulation and sound insulation of the vehicle.
Specifically, the acoustic material of the bottom layer is required to be completely coated on the cabin sound insulation pad fabric, and a perforated aluminum foil plate is externally coated on the local part according to the heat insulation requirement; the carpet fabric is required to completely cover metal plates of the floor sound insulation system, even exceeds the bottom acoustic material and forms a tight lap joint with the interior trim panel, and the thickness and the gram weight of the fabric are selected according to the common specifications of automobiles. The metal plates of the floor sound insulation system are required to be completely covered on the carpet fabric so as to avoid the exposure of the metal plates. For the direct exposed surfaces of the front cover sound insulating pad, the cabin sound insulating pad, the front wall sound insulating pad, the top cover lining, the carpet, etc., a layer of non-woven fabric or needle-punched fabric is generally added as the fabric layer C in view of appearance.
In this embodiment, the material having three or more layers has a value ranging from 3 layers to 8 layers. Optionally, the three or more layers of materials are 3 or 4.
Based on the above design for each layer and each grid unit of the vehicle body structure and the acoustic packaging system, a scheme parameterization configuration table shown in table 1 can be finally formed for guiding engineering design. C, H, L, P, S in the table indicate the fabric layer, the hard layer, the soft layer, the vehicle body structure and the seal, respectively; u1, U2, … … Un … … UN-1 and UN mark grid cell numbers of a sound insulation system after cell grid division based on surface density;
Figure BDA0003141627820000071
p'S、ΔpSrespectively, target areal density, critical areal density, and hard layer areal density.
Figure BDA0003141627820000072
TABLE 1
In this embodiment, the method for calculating the total areal density of the vehicle body of each region of the sound insulation system in the direction from the outside of the vehicle to the inside of the vehicle includes the following specific steps:
for a single layer of material, the total areal density is equal to the product of the material density and thickness; wherein the single-layer material is a sheet metal or damping glue;
for the multi-layer metal plate, the total surface density is equal to the sum of the surface densities of the multi-layer metal plate; wherein the metal plate comprises a reinforcing plate;
for the metal plate pasted with the damping glue, the total surface density is equal to the sum of the surface density of the metal plate and the surface density of the damping glue;
for holes or slits, the areal density is zero.
In this embodiment, the planning is performed according to each acoustic materialThickness space of region, target areal density
Figure BDA0003141627820000081
Difference value with total surface density rho of vehicle body
Figure BDA0003141627820000082
Selecting the number of component layers of the acoustic material, and specifically executing the following steps:
difference in areal density for a thickness space of 15mm or less
Figure BDA0003141627820000083
At 2kg/m2The following, a single layer material is used;
difference in areal density for a thickness space of 15mm or less
Figure BDA0003141627820000084
At 2kg/m2Above, double-layer materials are adopted;
the thickness space is more than 15mm, the surface density difference
Figure BDA0003141627820000085
At 2kg/m2Above, more than three layers of materials are used.
In this embodiment, the hard layer H is made of one or more of EVA, PVC, PE film, PA film, apertured film and hard fiber felt.
In this embodiment, the material of the fabric layer C is one of a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric and a needle-punched fabric. For example, the non-woven fabric can be selected from 50-200g/m2The needling fabric can be 500-2。
In this embodiment, the material of the soft layer L is one of PET cotton felt, fiber injection molded cotton felt and PU foam. The soft layer L is generally made of a single material; the material of the soft layer L also includes other kinds of cotton felt, which is not limited herein.
In the present embodiment, the sealing member layer S is one of a cap patch, a via seal, a weather strip, and an interior and exterior trim member.
In the present embodiment, the entire vehicle body structure is divided into five sound insulation systems, a front-floor sound insulation system 1, a front-floor sound insulation system 2, a rear-floor sound insulation system 3, a trunk sound insulation system 4, and an upper-vehicle body sound insulation system 5, according to the position of the main noise source. Each sound insulation system can be arranged by adopting the steps of the arrangement method of the vehicle acoustic packaging system. According to the positions of main noise sources (such as a power assembly, a front tire, a rear tire, an exhaust port and the wind noise of an upper vehicle body), the whole vehicle body structure is divided into five large sections according to the boundary shown in figure 2 to form five large sound insulation systems, namely a front wall panel sound insulation system 1, a front floor sound insulation system 2, a rear floor sound insulation system 3, a trunk sound insulation system 5 and the sound insulation system 5 of the upper vehicle body, which can be arranged according to the arrangement method of the acoustic packaging system of the vehicle. Firstly, dividing an upper vehicle body sound insulation system 5 by using a plane formed by a holding strip at the lower edge of a vehicle window and an extension line of the holding strip as a boundary, and belonging to a lower vehicle body; in the lower vehicle body, with reference to fig. 3 to 6, the boundary between the front wall panel sound insulation system 1 and the front floor sound insulation system is a lap seam between the front wall panel metal plate assembly 11 and the front floor panel metal plate assembly 21, the rear edge of the a-pillar metal plate 13-14 and the extension line thereof; the boundary of the front floor sound insulation system 2 and the rear floor sound insulation system 3 is a lap joint of the front and rear floor sheet metal assemblies 21 and 31, the rear edges of the left and right rear door sheet metal assemblies 26 and 27 and the extension lines thereof; the boundary of the rear floor sound insulation system 3 and the trunk sound insulation system 4 is divided into two conditions, and for the vehicle types below 5, the vehicle types are connecting lines formed by the rear edge of a rear floor beam metal plate 312, the lower edges of rear hub package metal plates 32 and 33 and the front edges of D-pillar metal plates 43 and 44.
As shown in fig. 3, the front wall panel sound insulation system 1 includes a vehicle body structure composed of a front wall panel metal plate 11, a launder metal plate assembly 12, a left side a pillar lower inner and outer metal plate assembly 13, a right side a pillar lower inner and outer metal plate assembly 14, a left side threshold beam front section metal plate 15, a right side a pillar lower inner and outer metal plate assembly 14, a beam system in the region thereof, an additional reinforcement and damping glue.
As shown in fig. 4, the front floor sound insulation system 2 includes a vehicle body structure composed of a front floor sheet metal assembly 21 formed by lap-welding a front wall panel to the front edge of a second row of seats, left and right sill beam rear end sheet metal assemblies 221 and 231, left and right sill pillar sheet metal assemblies 222 and 232 below a holding strip, door lower sheet metal assemblies 24-27 below the holding strip, and other beam systems, additional reinforcements and damping glue in the region.
As shown in fig. 5, the rear floor sound insulation system 3 is divided into two cases: for the models below 5, the vehicle comprises a vehicle body structure consisting of a rear floor sheet metal assembly 31, rear hub cladding sheet metals 32 and 33, rear side wall lower sheet metal assemblies 34 and 35, a beam system in the region, an additional reinforcing member and damping rubber; for the vehicle types of more than 5 seats, the vehicle structure comprises a rear floor sheet metal assembly from the front edge of the second row of seats to the rear edge of the third row of seats, a rear hub cladding sheet metal assembly, a rear side wall sheet metal (the part below the extension line of a rear triangular window or a side window holding strip) and a beam system in the region, an additional reinforcing member and damping glue.
As shown in fig. 6, the trunk sound insulation system 4 includes a trunk floor sheet metal 411, a spare tire pool sheet metal 412, a tail skirt sheet metal assembly 42, D-pillar lower sheet metal assemblies 43 and 44, a back door or trunk lid lower sheet metal assembly 45, and a beam system, an additional reinforcement and a damping glue in an area, which are arranged between a rear edge (below 5 seats) of a rear floor beam sheet metal 312 or a rear edge (above 5 seats) of a third row of seats and the tail skirt sheet metal 42.
As shown in fig. 7, the upper vehicle body sound insulation system 5 includes a vehicle body structure composed of a front windshield 51, a ceiling sheet metal assembly 521, a skylight assembly 522, side wall upper sheet metal assemblies 531 and 541, a left side sash sheet metal assembly and window glasses 532 to 536, a right side sash sheet metal assembly and window glasses 542 to 546, a back door sheet metal assembly 551, a rear windshield 552, and a beam system, an additional reinforcement and a damping adhesive in an area.
The arrangement method of the vehicle acoustic packaging system can realize parametric design and optimal arrangement of acoustic packages of all sound insulation systems of the vehicle body, so as to avoid obvious sound insulation defects of the whole vehicle and redundancy on arrangement of acoustic materials, realize accurate design, improve the noise level of the vehicle, reduce the cost of raw materials and provide effective guidance for accurate design of the acoustic packaging system in NVH development of the vehicle.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A method of arranging a vehicle acoustic packaging system, comprising the steps of:
calculating the total vehicle body surface density rho of each region of the sound insulation system in the direction from the outside of the vehicle to the inside of the vehicle, carrying out unit grid division on a vehicle body structure layer P according to the difference of the total vehicle body surface density rho of each region, and dividing a plurality of grid units which are respectively U1、U2、···、Un(ii) a Taking an area with the same total vehicle body area density as a unit grid, and taking the position where the total vehicle body area density rho changes suddenly as the boundary of the unit grid;
arranging a sealing element layer S, which comprises the following specific steps:
selecting the material of the sealing layer S, wherein the sum of the surface density of the sealing layer S is equal to the minimum vehicle body total surface density in the surrounding area of the matched position from the outside to the inside of the vehicle;
arranging the acoustic material, and specifically comprising the following steps:
firstly, dividing a vehicle body structural layer P into a plurality of acoustic material planning regions according to the difference of the functional region, the manufacturing process and the surface density of a sound insulation system;
then planning the thickness space and the target surface density of the area according to the acoustic materials
Figure FDA0003141627810000011
Difference value with total surface density rho of vehicle body
Figure FDA0003141627810000012
Selecting a number of constituent layers of the acoustic material; the component layers are any one of single-layer materials, double-layer materials and materials with more than three layers; each of the component layersThe layer material is a hard layer H or a soft layer L; wherein the single-layer material is a hard layer H or a soft layer L; the double-layer material consists of two hard layers H or two soft layers L or consists of one hard layer H and one soft layer L; the materials with more than three layers are composed of a hard layer H and a plurality of soft layers L, or a plurality of hard layers H and a soft layer L, or a plurality of hard layers H and a plurality of soft layers L;
wherein the target areal density
Figure FDA0003141627810000013
The maximum total surface density of the vehicle body structural layer P with the accumulated area ratio exceeding a preset value;
arranging each layer of acoustic material according to the number of component layers corresponding to each acoustic material planning region;
when the hard layer H is arranged, the concrete steps are as follows:
determining critical surface density p'S(ii) a Wherein the critical plane density is p'SThe second maximum total surface density is that the cumulative area occupation ratio on the vehicle body structural layer P exceeds a preset value; the preset value is determined according to the sound insulation performance requirement of a specific vehicle type, and the cumulative area percentage represents the percentage of the total area of the grid units corresponding to each total area density in the total area of the whole sound insulation system;
determination of the required areal density Δ p of the hard layer HSAreal density Δ p required for the hard layerSEqual to the target areal density
Figure FDA0003141627810000014
And critical plane density p'SA difference of (d); selecting the material of the hard layer H according to the required surface density delta p of the hard layerSAnd the density of the selected hard layer H material, and determining the thickness of the selected hard layer material;
determining the hard layer H to arrange the grid area so that the total surface density of the vehicle body is less than the target surface density
Figure FDA0003141627810000015
The grid unit is a hard layer arrangement grid area;
when the soft layer L is arranged, the specific steps are as follows:
determining the required areal density of the soft layer LAnd the required surface density of the soft layer L is equal to the critical surface density p'SThe difference value of the total surface density of the vehicle body corresponding to the grid unit;
selecting the material of the soft layer L;
determining the thickness of the soft layer L and arranging a grid area; wherein, for the soft layer L capable of being manufactured according to the shape, the thickness of the soft layer is calculated according to the required surface density of the soft layer L and the density of the selected material of the soft layer L, and the grid area of the soft layer L is all less than the critical surface density p'SThe grid cell of (a); for the soft layer L which cannot be manufactured along with the shape, the surface density corresponding to the soft layer L with the preset initial thickness is taken as an amplification, the thickness of the soft layer L required to be paved for each grid unit is determined one by one through an approximation method, and the total surface density of the soft layer L approaches to the critical surface density;
when the fabric layer C is arranged, the concrete steps are as follows:
the grid area of the fabric layer C is determined according to the requirements of appearance, heat insulation and sound insulation of the vehicle.
2. The method for arranging the acoustic packaging system for the vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the total surface density of the vehicle body of each region of the sound insulation system in the direction from the outside of the vehicle to the inside of the vehicle comprises the following specific steps:
for a single layer of material, the total areal density is equal to the product of the material density and thickness; wherein the single-layer material is a sheet metal or damping glue;
for the multi-layer metal plate, the total surface density is equal to the sum of the surface densities of the multi-layer metal plate; metal plate containing reinforcing plate
For the metal plate pasted with the damping glue, the total surface density is equal to the sum of the surface density of the metal plate and the surface density of the damping glue;
for holes or slits, the areal density is zero.
3. The method of arranging the vehicular acoustic packaging system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the target areal density, the thickness space according to each acoustic material plan region
Figure FDA0003141627810000021
Difference value with total surface density rho of vehicle body
Figure FDA0003141627810000022
Selecting the number of component layers of the acoustic material, and specifically executing the following steps:
difference in areal density for a thickness space of 15mm or less
Figure FDA0003141627810000023
At 2kg/m2The following, a single layer material is used;
difference in areal density for a thickness space of 15mm or less
Figure FDA0003141627810000024
At 2kg/m2Above, double-layer materials are adopted;
the thickness space is more than 15mm, the surface density difference
Figure FDA0003141627810000025
At 2kg/m2Above, more than three layers of materials are used.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the hard layer H is one or more of EVA, PVC, PE film, PA film, apertured film and hard fiber felt.
5. The arranging method of a vehicular acoustic packaging system according to claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein the material of the fabric layer C is one of a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric and a needle-punched fabric.
6. The method of arranging an acoustic packaging system for a vehicle of claim 5, wherein the soft layer L is made of one of PET cotton felt, fiber injection molded cotton felt, and PU foam.
7. The arranging method of a vehicle acoustic packing system according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6, characterized in that the whole vehicle body structure is divided into five sound insulation systems of a front wall panel sound insulation system (1), a front floor sound insulation system (2), a rear floor sound insulation system (3), a trunk sound insulation system (4) and an upper vehicle body sound insulation system (5) according to the location of a main noise source.
8. The method of arranging the vehicular acoustic packaging system according to claim 7, wherein the seal layer S is one of a blanking patch, a via seal, a weather strip, and an interior and exterior trim member.
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