CN113463628B - Construction method for stably puncturing pile shoe of self-elevating platform - Google Patents
Construction method for stably puncturing pile shoe of self-elevating platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN113463628B CN113463628B CN202110576991.8A CN202110576991A CN113463628B CN 113463628 B CN113463628 B CN 113463628B CN 202110576991 A CN202110576991 A CN 202110576991A CN 113463628 B CN113463628 B CN 113463628B
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- pile shoe
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/72—Pile shoes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/20—Placing by pressure or pulling power
Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method for stably puncturing a pile shoe of a self-elevating platform, which comprises the following steps: a, pile shoe position positioning: positioning the position of a pile shoe of the offshore oilfield by using communication equipment, and confirming the first direction of the self-elevating platform and the position of the pile shoe; b, drilling and grouting: drilling a circle at the periphery of the position of the pile shoe determined in the step a, and injecting cement slurry to form a cement sheath; c, positioning the self-elevating platform: c, carrying out positioning according to a position surveyed in advance, adjusting the head direction of the pile shoe, and confirming that the pile shoe position in the step a is matched with the drilling grouting position in the step b; d, pile shoe descending: and (c) descending the pile shoe into the seabed through an automatic lifting pile leg on the self-elevating platform until the pile shoe is located on the cement sheath in the step (b). The construction method of the invention avoids the occurrence of the phenomenon of pile shoe puncture of the self-elevating platform, can improve the running-in speed in the process of running-in the pile shoe and can improve the field operation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method for stably puncturing a pile shoe of a self-elevating platform, belonging to the technical field of offshore oilfield exploitation.
Background
The self-elevating platform is provided with pile legs capable of freely elevating, the pile legs extend to the seabed during operation, stand on the seabed, and utilize the pile legs to support the platform, and the bottom of the platform is away from the sea surface for a certain distance, so that the influence of the sea wave current on the platform is avoided, and the operation can be carried out on the platform. There is also a specific risk during the platform landing process due to the shoe insertion pattern that is unique to jack-up platforms — the risk of shoe penetration.
In order to avoid the risk of similar pile shoes in the in-place process, the special stratum condition is analyzed, and the establishment of a construction method and a construction process for preventing similar accidents is particularly important. The prior art is improved on the pile shoe body structure, and the common improvement mode is that the pile shoe body has higher bearing capacity by increasing the bearing capacity area of the pile shoe, and when the pile shoe contacts the hard stratum, the hard stratum can support the pile shoe with larger area by depending on the strength of the pile shoe, so that the aim of not puncturing the hard stratum is fulfilled. However, this technique has the following disadvantages: 1. the pile shoe is arranged above the hard stratum, and the soft mud layer is arranged below the hard stratum, so that the stability is poor, and the risk is high; 2. the pile shoe is not suitable for all hard strata which can be punctured, and when the hard strata can not reach the bearing capacity strength required by the pile shoe, the pile shoe can also generate a puncturing phenomenon, so that the platform is unstable. In the second prior art, when the stratum structure condition is changed, pre-drilling is performed in advance at the position where the pile shoe is to be lowered, and the distribution area of drilling holes is basically equal to that of the pile shoe. The hard stratum structure is broken to be honeycomb-shaped, so that the aim of reducing the puncture difficulty is fulfilled, and the pile shoe can be punctured smoothly. This technique has the following disadvantages: 1. the drilling area is too large, the operation difficulty is higher, the cost is extremely high, and the effect is not obvious; 2. the penetration process of the pile shoe is unstable, the situation that three pile legs cannot be penetrated simultaneously is large, the inclination of a platform is very easy to cause, and equipment damage or personnel injury is easy to cause. Therefore, a construction method for stably puncturing the pile leg of the self-elevating drilling platform is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the outstanding problems, the invention provides a construction method for stably puncturing a pile shoe of a self-elevating platform, which can ensure that the pile shoe cannot sink suddenly due to stratum properties when the pile shoe punctures a hard stratum, a cement bearing ring can support the pile shoe, and the situation that the platform is inclined suddenly is avoided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a construction method for stably puncturing a pile shoe of a self-elevating platform comprises the following steps:
a, pile shoe position positioning: positioning the position of a pile shoe of the offshore oil field by utilizing communication equipment, and confirming the first direction of the self-elevating platform and the position of the pile shoe;
b, drilling and grouting: drilling a circle at the periphery of the position of the pile shoe determined in the step a, and injecting cement slurry to form a cement ring;
c, positioning the self-elevating platform: c, carrying out positioning according to a position surveyed in advance, adjusting the head direction of the pile shoe, and confirming that the pile shoe position in the step a is matched with the drilling grouting position in the step b;
d, pile shoe descending: and (c) descending the pile shoe into the seabed through an automatic lifting pile leg on the self-elevating platform until the pile shoe is located on the cement sheath in the step (b).
The construction method for stably puncturing the pile shoe of the self-elevating platform preferably further comprises the following steps of e: and (3) calculating the running-in depth of the pile shoe according to the bearing capacity required by the position of the self-elevating platform, and loading by adopting a draft loading mode when the pile shoe does not reach the specified depth depending on the self weight.
In the construction method for stably penetrating the pile shoe of the self-elevating platform, preferably, in the step b, a circle of holes are drilled at the periphery of the position of the pile shoe determined in the step a, and adjacent holes are overlapped with each other to form a cement sheath which penetrates through the holes.
In the construction method for stably puncturing the pile shoe of the self-elevating platform, preferably, in the step b, the center position of the cement loop line is located on the outer edge line of the pile shoe.
Preferably, in the step d, the stress condition and the penetration depth information of each pile leg and the levelness condition of the monitoring platform are monitored in real time in the pile shoe inserting process.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. aiming at the penetration risk of the pile leg of the self-elevating drilling platform, the depth and the thickness of a hard stratum in the stratum and the stratum conditions in the upper and lower ranges of the hard stratum are determined by analyzing the bottom condition, and a corresponding construction process and a corresponding construction method are specified, so that the condition that the pile shoe of the self-elevating platform causes sudden penetration in the pile inserting process is avoided.
2. The construction method can ensure that the pile shoe cannot sink suddenly due to stratum properties when penetrating through a hard stratum, and the pile shoe is supported by the cement supporting ring, so that the condition that the platform is deflected suddenly is avoided.
3. The pile shoe of the invention can be loaded by draft after passing through hard stratum until the pile shoe is lowered to a designated position or the bearing capacity is completely enough and safe.
4. The construction method of the invention avoids the occurrence of the phenomenon of pile shoe puncture of the self-elevating platform, can improve the running speed in the process of running the pile shoe, can improve the field operation efficiency, effectively reduces the damage rate of the platform, and reduces the maintenance cost and the time cost. The method can avoid the risk of platform overturn caused by sudden puncture of the pile shoe and avoid casualties.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating positioning of a pile shoe position in a stable penetration construction method for a self-elevating platform pile shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating drilling holes around the pile shoe in the stable penetration construction method for the pile shoe of the self-elevating platform according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cement sheath formed around a pile shoe in the construction method for stably piercing the pile shoe of the jack-up platform according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cement ring forming state and a pile shoe in-place position in the construction method for stably piercing the pile shoe of the jack-up platform according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a drilling and grouting process in the construction method for stably puncturing the pile shoe of the self-elevating platform according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating the pile shoe being lowered and penetrating a soft mud layer to a hard formation in the construction method for stably penetrating the pile shoe of the jack-up platform according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the construction method for stably penetrating a jack-up platform shoe according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the shoe is lowered into the hard ground layer and penetrates the cemented carbide casing;
fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrating the pile shoe being lowered and continuing to be lowered under the self-weight of the platform after penetrating the hard formation to the consolidated cement sheath in the construction method for stably piercing the pile shoe of the self-elevating platform according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view illustrating draft loading performed when the pile shoe is slowly lowered in the self-elevating platform pile shoe stable puncturing construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the pile shoe being lowered for draft loading to a designated stable stratum in the construction method for stable penetration of the pile shoe of the jack-up platform according to the embodiment of the present invention;
the respective symbols in the figure are as follows:
1-pile shoe position; 2-cement hole; 3-a cement sheath; 4-water; 5-soft mud layer; 6-hard formation; 7-soft stratum; 8-bearing formation; 9-pile shoe; 10-pile legs; 11-draft loading.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalent, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
As shown in fig. 1-10, the invention provides a construction method for stably puncturing a self-elevating platform pile shoe, which comprises the following steps of, after surveying an offshore geological structure, conducting organization review before start-up, confirming a dangerous stratum, determining a construction process and various parameters, and strictly operating according to the construction process of the invention during start-up:
a, positioning of the pile shoe 9: positioning the position of a pile shoe 9 of the offshore oilfield by using a communication device (GPS), and confirming the first direction of the self-elevating platform and the position 1 of the pile shoe; the first direction is the direction of the drilling operation position on the drilling platform.
b, drilling and grouting: and c, drilling a hole for one circle at the periphery of the pile shoe position 1 determined in the step a, and injecting cement slurry to form a cement sheath 3, as shown in figures 2 and 3.
c, positioning the self-elevating platform: carrying out positioning according to a position surveyed in advance, adjusting the head direction of the pile shoe, and confirming that the pile shoe position 1 in the step a is matched with the drilling grouting position in the step b; the cement sheath forming state and the pile shoe locating position diagram are shown in figures 3 and 4.
d, pile shoe descending: and (c) lowering the pile shoe 9 into the seabed by the automatic lifting pile leg 10 on the self-elevating platform until the pile shoe 9 is seated on the cement sheath 3 in the step (b). And in the process of putting the pile shoe 9 into the pile, the stress condition, the putting depth and other information of each pile leg 10 are monitored in real time, and the levelness condition of the platform is monitored. When the penetration depth of the pile leg 10 reaches the hard stratum 6, the pile leg is slowly inserted, the pile leg breaks through the hard stratum 6 by the self weight of the platform, and after the penetration is successful, the pile shoe 9 is located on the cement sheath 3 formed by grouting of the soft layer below. The cement sheath 3 contacts with the pile shoe 9, the bottom area of the pile shoe 9 is increased through phase transformation, the bearing performance is improved, and the cement sheath 3 can prevent the pile shoe 9 from sliding down suddenly after penetrating through the hard stratum 6. The cement ring 3 has certain wrapping property, so that a soil layer extruded by the end part of the pile shoe 9 is prevented from being dispersed to the periphery, and the pile end resistance is increased.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a step e is also included, namely draft loading 11: and (3) calculating the running-in depth of the pile shoe 9 according to the bearing capacity required by the position of the self-elevating platform, and loading by adopting a draft loading 11 mode when the pile shoe 9 still does not reach the specified depth depending on self weight. The self weight of the platform is increased by the draft load 11, the pile shoe 9 is continuously pressed down, the cement ring 3 inserted into the pile shoe 9 can continuously move downwards along with the pile shoe 9 in the process of ballasting the pile shoe 9, the bearing capacity is increased, the insertion speed of the pile shoe 9 can be effectively reduced, and the stability of the pile shoe 9 is improved.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in step b, a circle of holes are drilled in the periphery of the pile shoe position 1 determined in step a, and adjacent holes are overlapped with each other to form an interpenetrating cement sheath 3.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step b, the center position of the cement loop line is located on the outer edge line of the pile shoe 9.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step d, the stress condition and the running depth information of each pile leg 10 and the levelness condition of the platform are monitored in real time during the running process of the pile shoe 9.
The construction method can effectively avoid the risks of deflection, overturning and the like of the platform pierced by the pile shoe 9, and the drilling and grouting for forming the bearing cement sheath 3 has the function of slowing down the running speed of the pile shoe 9 in the running process of the pile shoe 9.
The drilling and grouting of the invention adopts cement slurry for well cementation on an offshore platform and adopts well cementation equipment on a drilling platform or a drilling ship to carry out grouting operation. The borehole size is not required.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (5)
1. A construction method for stably puncturing a pile shoe of a self-elevating platform is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a, pile shoe position positioning: positioning the position of a pile shoe of the offshore oil field by utilizing communication equipment, and confirming the first direction of the self-elevating platform and the position of the pile shoe;
b, drilling and grouting: drilling a circle at the periphery of the position of the pile shoe determined in the step a, and injecting cement slurry to form a cement sheath;
c, positioning the self-elevating platform: c, carrying out positioning according to a position surveyed in advance, adjusting the head direction of the pile shoe, and confirming that the pile shoe position in the step a is matched with the drilling grouting position in the step b;
d, pile shoe descending: and (c) descending the pile shoe into the seabed through an automatic lifting pile leg on the self-elevating platform until the pile shoe is located on the cement sheath in the step (b).
2. The construction method for stable penetration of the pile shoe of the jack-up platform according to claim 1, further comprising step e, draft loading: and (3) calculating the running-in depth of the pile shoe according to the bearing capacity required by the position of the self-elevating platform, and loading by adopting a draft loading mode when the pile shoe still does not reach the specified depth depending on the self weight.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step b, a circle of holes are drilled at the periphery of the pile shoe position determined in step a, and adjacent holes are overlapped to form an interpenetrating cement sheath.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the center of the cement loop line is located on the outer edge line of the pile shoe in step b.
5. The construction method for stably puncturing the pile shoe of the self-elevating platform according to claim 1, wherein in the step d, the stress condition and the depth information of the pile leg are monitored in real time during the pile shoe inserting process, and the levelness condition of the platform is monitored.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110576991.8A CN113463628B (en) | 2021-05-26 | 2021-05-26 | Construction method for stably puncturing pile shoe of self-elevating platform |
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| CN202110576991.8A CN113463628B (en) | 2021-05-26 | 2021-05-26 | Construction method for stably puncturing pile shoe of self-elevating platform |
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| CN113463628A CN113463628A (en) | 2021-10-01 |
| CN113463628B true CN113463628B (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0170503A2 (en) * | 1984-07-25 | 1986-02-05 | CEMENTATION PILING & FOUNDATIONS LIMTED | Ground treatment |
| CN104060608A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-09-24 | 国鼎(南通)管桩有限公司 | Steel pile shoe of high-load-capacity tubular pile |
| CN110004902A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-12 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of skirt-type can give up as hopeless the shoe of anti-puncture self-elevating drilling platform and drilling platforms |
| CN209854711U (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-12-27 | 江苏华云桩业有限公司 | Tubular pile shoe suitable for deep loose aeolian sand geology |
| CN112267460A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-26 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | Active puncturing pile shoe structure of self-elevating drilling platform and operation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-05-26 CN CN202110576991.8A patent/CN113463628B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0170503A2 (en) * | 1984-07-25 | 1986-02-05 | CEMENTATION PILING & FOUNDATIONS LIMTED | Ground treatment |
| CN104060608A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-09-24 | 国鼎(南通)管桩有限公司 | Steel pile shoe of high-load-capacity tubular pile |
| CN209854711U (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-12-27 | 江苏华云桩业有限公司 | Tubular pile shoe suitable for deep loose aeolian sand geology |
| CN110004902A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-12 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of skirt-type can give up as hopeless the shoe of anti-puncture self-elevating drilling platform and drilling platforms |
| CN112267460A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-26 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | Active puncturing pile shoe structure of self-elevating drilling platform and operation method thereof |
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