CN113462616A - 一株人源鼠李糖乳杆菌glr8及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一株人源鼠李糖乳杆菌glr8及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了微生物技术领域的一株人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8及其制备方法。包含以下步骤:从如皋长寿人群中分离出乳酸菌,通过对比分离菌株的人工胃液耐受性、人工肠液耐受性和耐胆盐试验,获得具有良好耐受性的菌株;通过体外比较不同分离菌株抑制致病菌能力,筛选出具有抑菌能力强的菌株;通过动物实验,表明本菌株可以提高免疫低下肺部感染小鼠的免疫力,抑制肺部链球菌;提高免疫低下感染鼠伤寒沙门氏菌小鼠的免疫力,抑制体内鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。本菌株可以应用于发酵乳、膳食补充剂、益生菌零食等产品中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及微生物技术领域的一株人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8及其制备方法。
背景技术
免疫系统是人体自身的防御系统,可以识别和消灭外来侵入机体的异物,也可处理衰老、死亡等自身细胞,免疫系统具有免疫防御、免疫稳定及免疫监视的生理作用。免疫低下是免疫系统失衡的直接表现,是机体的一种亚健康状态,会导致机体抵抗能力减弱,最直接的表现就是容易生病。益生菌能够产生有机酸降低肠道pH,营养竞争、占位、产生细菌素等方式一直病原菌生长,维持肠道固有菌群,保持肠道内菌群平衡。从而进一步调节机体的免疫功能。益生菌大部分是非病原性革兰氏阳性菌,其细胞壁主要组分为肽聚糖、胞壁磷壁酸、表层蛋白、多糖和脂磷壁酸,乳酸菌可以向胞外分泌具有免疫调节作用的物质,它们都有免疫刺激特性。肽聚糖能直接活化宿主的巨噬细胞、内皮细胞、光滑肌肉细胞、中性粒细胞等免疫细胞。被活化的巨噬细胞可释放肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白介素疫疾蛋白酶如弹性蛋白酶和组织蛋白酶等。多糖可以作为免疫刺激剂,相关研究发现其也有一定的抗肿瘤活性。脂磷璧酸在溶菌酶的溶菌作用、白细胞的阳离子肽、β-内酰胺等诱导下,可以非特异性地连接到靶细胞的膜磷脂或特异性的连接到CD14和TLR2。脂磷壁酸结合分泌性CD14后可以抑制肠道革兰氏阴性病原菌的脂多糖对肠道上皮细胞的作用,从而控制其引起的炎症反应。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有提高免疫力的人源益生菌菌株,即一株人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8菌株及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一株人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8,其特征在于:所述人源鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)GLR8于2020年11月20日保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏管理中心,其保藏号为CGMCC No:21216的菌株;人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8的制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一:样品采集
在特定人群中采集粪便样品,选择特定人群为如皋长寿村未使用抗生素及其他药物的百岁老人,采集新鲜黄软大便,每个个体在一星期的不同时间内采集三份粪便样品;
步骤二:菌株培养
用无菌的取样瓶挑取粪便内部中心粪便样品,放入含10mL MRS培养基的采样管中,加入1mL液体石蜡,置于-18℃的采样箱中,转移至实验室冻存(-80℃);
步骤三:菌株分离
取带回的试样转移至无菌均质袋中,加入无菌生理盐水,在拍打均质机上拍打1分钟使之匀浆,样品经梯度稀释后,利用平板划线法或者涂布法,采用MRS固体培养基、LBS固体培养基、PTYG固体培养基分离样品中的菌株,于厌氧工作站中37℃培养48-72h,在无菌操作台里挑取平板上的典型菌落后,接种于MRS液体培养基中,37℃厌氧培养24h,4℃冰箱冷藏;
采用显微镜镜检,观察菌体形态,如果观察到非单一菌株,则继续进行平板划线培养,直至每一份发酵液为单一革兰氏阳性菌株为止;将发酵液进行冷冻或者冻干保藏、备用,用于目标菌株的筛选和验证;步骤三:筛选和验证
采用显微镜镜检,观察菌体形态,如果观察到非单一菌株,则继续进行平板划线培养,直至每一份发酵液为单一革兰氏阳性菌株为止;将发酵液进行冷冻或者冻干保藏、备用,用于目标菌株的筛选和验证;
步骤四:筛选和验证
通过体外胃液、胆盐、肠液耐受性试验及抑制致病菌筛选实验,将结果进行综合对比,得到人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8,并对人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8进行动物实验验证;
步骤五:菌株序列鉴定。
对上述技术方案做进一步的说明:所述人源鼠李糖乳杆菌可用于发酵乳、膳食补充剂产品中。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
1.此菌株具有较强的体外耐酸耐胆盐能力和抑制致病菌能力;
2.此菌株具有提高免疫力的作用;
3.此菌株可以改善肺部链球菌感染;
4.此菌株可以降低体内鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染;
5.此菌株可以用于发酵乳、膳食补充剂等产品中。
说明书附图
图1为益生菌对人工胃液的耐受能力图表;
图2为益生菌对胆盐的耐受能力图表;
图3为益生菌对人工肠液的耐受能力图表;
图4益生菌对致病菌的抑制能力图表;
图5为益生菌对肺炎链球菌感染小鼠血清指标的影响图表;
图6为益生菌对肺炎链球菌感染小鼠血清IgA和IgG的影响图表:
图7为益生菌对肺炎链球菌感染小鼠BAL中IgA和IgG的影响图表:图8为益生菌对沙门氏菌感染小鼠血清指标的影响图表:
图9为益生菌对沙门氏菌感染小鼠血清IgA和IgG的影响图表:
图10为益生菌对沙门氏菌感染小鼠肠液中IgA和IgG的影响图表:
图11为益生菌对沙门氏菌感染小鼠肝、脾沙门氏菌的影响图表。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实验实施例对本发明的内容做进一步的说明:
实施例1
样品采集及分离
1.样品采集
在如皋长寿村统计长寿人群年龄、饮食习惯等,选择未使用抗生素及其他药物的百岁老人,采集新鲜黄软大便,每个个体在一星期的不同时间内采集三份粪便样品。
用无菌的取样瓶挑取粪便内部中心粪便样品,放入含10mL MRS培养基的采样管中,加入1mL液体石蜡,置于-18℃的采样箱中,转移至实验室冻存(-80℃),便于下一步试验,尽快进行分离培养;
2.菌株分离
取带回的试样转移至无菌均质袋中,加入无菌生理盐水,在拍打均质机上拍打1分钟使之匀浆,样品经梯度稀释后,利用平板划线法或者涂布法,采用MRS固体培养基、LBS固体培养基、PTYG固体培养基分离样品中的菌株,于厌氧工作站中37℃培养48-72h,在无菌操作台里挑取平板上的典型菌落后,接种于MRS液体培养基中,37℃厌氧培养24h,4℃冰箱冷藏。
采用显微镜镜检,观察菌体形态,如果观察到非单一菌株,则继续进行平板划线培养,直至每一份发酵液为单一革兰氏阳性菌株为止。将发酵液进行冷冻或者冻干保藏、备用,用于目标菌株的筛选和验证。
实施例2
胃液、胆盐、肠液耐受性试验及抑制致病菌筛选实验
1.胃液耐受性实验
将活化两代的菌悬液按10%的接种量接种于pH值分别为2.0和3.0的人工胃液中,37℃培养,培养开始和3h后分别取样,采用MRS固体培养基培养并活菌计数,计算其存活率(%)。
图1结果表明,菌株在胃液中培养2h,活菌数均有显著下降;其中GLR8在胃液中的存活率最高。
2.胆盐耐受性实验
将活化两代的菌悬液按5%的接种量接种于含0.0%(空白)、0.1%、0.3%及0.5%胆盐的MRS培养基中,37℃培养24h后观察不同浓度胆盐培养液中菌体的生长情况,分别测定其开始时和24h后的OD600值,计算乳酸菌对胆盐的耐受力。
小肠是人体内胆固醇合成和吸收的重要场所,也是益生菌发挥其降胆固醇作用的主要部位,正常人体小肠中的胆汁酸盐含量约在0.03%-0.3%范围内波动。图2结果表明在0.1%时GLR8的存活率最高;在0.3%时,Z9存活率最高,GLR8处于较高水平;在0.5%时,AC6的存活率最高,GLR8处于较高水平;整体来看GLR8具有较优的耐胆盐能力。
3.人工肠液耐受性实验
将活化两代的菌悬液按10%接种量接种于人工肠液中,混匀,37℃培养。于发酵开始时和3h后分别取样,采用MRS固体培养基进行活菌计数,计算其存活率。
图3结果表明:经过1.5h后活菌数都有所下降;肠液中存活率超过30%的有4株菌;其中GLR8和Z9的存活率最高。
4.抑制致病菌实验
乳酸菌是机体消化道内重要的优势菌,不但有助于食物的消化吸收,而且能有效抑制致病菌,从而可以预防疾病。图4可以看出,乳酸菌对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌这3种致病菌均有一定抑制能力,抑菌活性高低不等。整体抑菌较好的菌株是GLR8和Z9。
实施例3
菌株16SrDNA序列鉴定
测序工作由上海生工生物工程技术服务有限公司完成,测序结果:菌株的16SrDNA序列长度为1086bp。与Genbank中发表的序列对比,表明本发明菌株以同源性高达99%被证实属于鼠李糖乳杆菌。
实施例4
益生菌对免疫低下肺炎链球菌感染模型小鼠的改善研究
1.实验方法
造模方法:选用BALB/c小鼠,先使用环磷酰胺造免疫低下模型,再使用鼻滴法对小鼠进行肺炎链球菌接种,每只每次约滴入50μL,观察7天。
空白组和模型组使用生理盐水进行干预,药物组使用青霉素进行干预,菌悬液组和发酵乳组分别使用菌悬液和发酵乳进行干预,干预周期为28天,干预结束后检测小鼠相关指标。
2.GLR8对肺炎链球菌感染小鼠血清主要免疫指标的影响
结果见图5,相较空白组小鼠,模型组小鼠血清中的IL含量降低,TNF-а和INF-γ含量升高。GLR8对可以促进血清中IL-1、IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10含量有不同程度改善;菌悬液及发酵乳可以改变TNF-а和INF-γ细胞因子的含量,参与机体的免疫调节。
3.GLR8对肺炎链球菌感染小鼠IgA和IgG的影响
结果见图6和图7,鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8干预导致血清中特异性IgA和IgG值相对于模型组增加;造模对BAL中IgA和IgG的改变相对较小,但通过干预后对其都有增加。
实施例5
益生菌对免疫低下沙门氏菌感染模型小鼠改善研究
1.实验方法
造模方法:选用BALB/c小鼠,先使用环磷酰胺造免疫低下模型,再灌胃沙门氏菌,观察7天。
空白组和模型组使用生理盐水进行干预,药物组使用氯霉素进行干预,菌悬液组和发酵乳组分别使用菌悬液和发酵乳进行干预,干预周期为28天,干预结束后检测小鼠相关指标。
2.GLR8对沙门氏菌感染小鼠血清主要免疫指标的影响
图8结果表明,GLR8对血清中IL-1、IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10含量均有不同程度改善;其中发酵乳组作用效果强于菌悬液组。菌悬液及发酵乳可以地改变TNF-а和INF-γ的含量,参与机体的免疫调节。
3.GLR8对沙门氏菌感染小鼠IgA和IgG的影响
图9和图10结果表明,造模后,模型组血清和肠液中IgA和IgG含量均显著下降;鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8干预导致血清和肠液中特异性IgA和IgG值相对于模型组有所增加。
4.GLR8对沙门氏菌感染小鼠肝、脾沙门氏菌的影响
图11结果表明,使用益生菌干预后小鼠肝和脾中的沙门氏菌的数量显著减少。GLR8可以有效抑制体内的沙门氏菌,且发酵乳组优于菌悬液组。
实施例6
含鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8的发酵乳的制备
标准化后的奶加热至45-50℃,加入7-8%白砂糖;继续加热至65-70℃,19-21MPa压力均质;升温至95℃热处理5-10min;降温至37-43℃,接种GLR8或复配其他菌株,发酵至pH4.5;冷却、冷藏,即制成凝固型酸奶。发酵结束后经搅拌,添加果酱、果汁等,冷藏,即制成搅拌型酸奶或饮用型酸奶。
实施例7
含鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8的膳食补充剂的制备
将脱脂乳粉、乳糖、酵母粉、蛋白胨和纯净水分别按质量百分比12.0%、2.0%、0.8%、0.7%、84.5%充分混匀后,121℃灭菌15min,冷却至37~40℃。按3%~5%接种量接入鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8,在37℃培养20~24h,发酵结束后冷却至20℃以下,发酵液经离心得到菌泥,菌泥冻干至含水量小于5%,即制得鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8冻干粉。称取1.5g鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8冻干粉与麦芽糊精、菊粉、低聚糖等混合后制成胶囊,即得到含鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8的药物组合物。也可将鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8冻干粉压碎成粉末状,并加入适量奶粉、糖醇、膳食纤维、低聚糖、麦芽糊精、果粉等制成粉末状或片状产品,作为日常食用的普通食品或保健品。
序列表
<110> 上海昊岳食品科技有限公司
<120> 一株人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8及其制备方法
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 1086
<212> DNA
<213> Lactobacillus rhamnosus
<400> 1
cggggggggg gtgctataca tgcagtcgaa cgagttctga ttattgaaag gtgcttgcat 60
cttgatttaa ttttgaacga gtggcggacg ggtgagtaac acgtgggtaa cctgccctta 120
agtgggggat aacatttgga aacagatgct aataccgcat aaatccaaga accgcatggt 180
tcttggctga aagatggcgt aagctatcgc ttttggatgg acccgcggcg tattagctag 240
ttggtgaggt aacggctcac caaggcaatg atacgtagcc gaactgagag gttgatcggc 300
cacattggga ctgagacacg gcccaaactc ctacgggagg cagcagtagg gaatcttcca 360
caatggacgc aagtctgatg gagcaacgcc gcgtgagtga agaaggcttt cgggtcgtaa 420
aactctgttg ttggagaaga atggtcggca gagtaactgt tgtcggcgtg acggtatcca 480
accagaaagc cacggctaac tacgtgccag cagccgcggt aatacgtagg tggcaagcgt 540
tatccggatt tattgggcgt aaagcgagcg caggcggttt tttaagtctg atgtgaaagc 600
cctcggctta accgaggaag tgcatcggaa actgggaaac ttgagtgcag aagaggacag 660
tggaactcca tgtgtagcgg tgaaatgcgt agatatatgg aagaacacca gtggcgaagg 720
cggctgtctg gtctgtaact gacgctgagg ctcgaaagca tgggtagcga acaggattag 780
ataccctggt agtccatgcc gtaaacgatg aatgctagtg ttggagggtt tccgcccttc 840
agtgccgcag ctaacgcatt aagcattccg cctggggagt acgaccgcaa ggttgaaact 900
caaaggaatt gacgggggcc cgcacaagcg gtggagcatg tggtttaatt cgaagcaacg 960
cgagacctta ccaggtcttg acatctttga tcacctgaga gatcagtttc ctctcggggc 1020
aaatgacagg tggtgcatga tgtcgtcagc tcgtgtcgtg agatgttggg ttaagttccc 1080
gccacc 1086
Claims (3)
1.一株人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8,其特征在于:所述人源鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillusrhamnosus)GLR8于2020年11月20日保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏管理中心,其保藏号为CGMCC No:21216的菌株。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8的制备方法,其特征在于:制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一:样品采集
在特定人群中采集粪便样品,选择特定人群为如皋长寿村未使用抗生素及其他药物的百岁老人,采集新鲜黄软大便,每个个体在一星期的不同时间内采集三份粪便样品;
步骤二:样品保存
用无菌的取样瓶挑取粪便内部中心粪便样品,放入含10mL MRS培养基的采样管中,加入1mL液体石蜡,置于-18℃的采样箱中,转移至-80℃实验室冻存;
步骤三:菌株分离
取带回的试样转移至无菌均质袋中,加入无菌生理盐水,在拍打均质机上拍打1分钟使之匀浆,样品经梯度稀释后,利用平板划线法或者涂布法,采用MRS固体培养基、LBS固体培养基、PTYG固体培养基分离样品中的菌株,于厌氧工作站中37℃培养48-72h,在无菌操作台里挑取平板上的典型菌落后,接种于MRS液体培养基中,37℃厌氧培养24h,4℃冰箱冷藏;
采用显微镜镜检,观察菌体形态,如果观察到非单一菌株,则继续进行平板划线培养,直至每一份发酵液为单一革兰氏阳性菌株为止;将发酵液进行冷冻或者冻干保藏、备用,用于目标菌株的筛选和验证;
步骤四:筛选和验证
通过体外胃液、胆盐、肠液耐受性试验及抑制致病菌筛选实验,将结果进行综合对比,得到人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8,并对人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8进行动物实验验证;
步骤五:菌株序列鉴定。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一株人源鼠李糖乳杆菌GLR8,其特征在于:所述人源鼠李糖乳杆菌可用于发酵乳、膳食补充剂产品中。
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