CN113461409A - 一种大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113461409A
CN113461409A CN202110633772.9A CN202110633772A CN113461409A CN 113461409 A CN113461409 A CN 113461409A CN 202110633772 A CN202110633772 A CN 202110633772A CN 113461409 A CN113461409 A CN 113461409A
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黄敏
李力
李春
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Anli Refractory Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域，具体是一种大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料及其制备方法。铁沟料包括按重量百分比计的以下原料：致密刚玉43～56.75％，白刚玉1～5％，碳化硅29～34％，氧化铝微粉3～8％，结合剂1～5％，抗氧化剂1～5％，助烧结剂0～10％，减水剂0.1～1％，防爆剂0.01～0.1％。本发明能够提高铁沟料的高温抗折强度，该铁沟料具有较好的抗渣侵蚀性和渗透性能，较小的体积膨胀性，热震性能非常好，抗剥落性提高，出铁量得到较大程度的提高和改善。

Description

一种大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域，具体是一种大型高炉用无水泥铁沟 料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，我国大型高炉出铁沟大部分使用Al2O3-SiC-C质浇注料，该 浇注料中的C往往以沥青形式加入的，使得浇注料在烘烤过程中放出大 量的烟气，环境污染。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术的上述缺点、不足，本发明提供一种大型高炉用无水 泥铁沟料，其解决了浇注料在烘烤过程中产生烟气、污染环境等技术问 题。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用的主要技术方案包括：
第一方面，本发明提供一种大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料，包括按重量 百分比计的以下原料：致密刚玉43～56.75％，白刚玉1～5％，碳化硅29～ 34％，氧化铝微粉3～8％，结合剂1～5％，抗氧化剂1～5％，助烧结剂0～ 10％，减水剂0.1～1％，防爆剂0.01～0.1％。
进一步地，该铁沟料包括按重量百分比计的以下原料：包括按重量 百分比计的以下原料：致密刚玉47.9～51.45％，白刚玉2～3％，碳化硅 30～32％，氧化铝微粉5～8％，结合剂2～5％，抗氧化剂1～3％，助烧 结剂2～6％，减水剂0.1～0.5％，防爆剂0.01～0.05％。
进一步地，致密刚玉包括以下组分：5mm＜粒度≤15mm的致密刚玉 占原料总质量的13～23％，3mm＜粒度≤5mm的致密刚玉占原料总质量 的10～25％，1mm＜粒度≤3mm的致密刚玉占原料总质量的10～20％； 致密刚玉中，Al2O3≥99％，SiO2≤0.4％，Na2O≤0.3％。
进一步地，白刚玉中，Al2O3≥99％，Na2O≤0.4％，粒度为200目。
进一步地，碳化硅包括以下组分：1mm＜粒度≤3mm的碳化硅占原 料总质量的5～15％，0.088mm＜粒度≤1mm的碳化硅占原料总质量的 8～18％，粒度为200目的碳化硅占原料总质量的3～10％，粒度为1200 目的碳化硅占原料总质量的1～5％；碳化硅中，SiC≥97.5％，Fe2O3≤ 0.4％。
进一步地，氧化铝微粉为煅烧氧化铝微粉、活性氧化铝微粉中的任 意一种或者两种混合，粒度≤5um。
进一步地，结合剂为陶瓷结合剂，结合剂中，Al2O3≥30％，SiO2≥ 50％，Na2O≤1.5％。
进一步地，抗氧化剂为金属硅粉。
进一步地，助烧结剂为氮化硅铁，助烧结剂中，75％≤Si3N4≤80％， 10％≤Fe≤17％，耐火≥1700℃。
第二方面，本发明提供一种大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料的制备方法， 包括以下步骤：按照上述的大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料的原料比例配料， 先干混2-3分钟，混好后的原料按比例加入水，加水量控制在5％左右， 继续搅拌3-5分钟出料浇注；振动棒插入后要缓慢移动，抽出时要倾斜一 定角度速度要缓慢，避免留下空洞；浇注完毕后自然养护至表面硬化后， 达到脱模强度后脱模；待施工结束后自然养护48小时以上。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明提供的一种大型高炉用无水泥铁沟 料，是指不含沥青、在烘烤过程中不会产生烟气、且能提高抗爆裂性能 的铁沟料。在这种铁沟料中选择一种助烧结剂(氮化硅铁)来替代沥青， 对比沥青来说，其对流动性影响非常小。在铁沟料中加入氮化硅铁可以 在高温下生成类似于赛隆的结合相，使得材料的固-固结合率提高，提高 了铁沟料的高温抗折强度。而塞隆材料具有优越的力学性能、热学性能 和化学稳定性，可使铁沟料的性能变得更加优越。同时，加入氮化硅铁 的铁沟料，由于材料中Si3N4和渣铁不易润湿使得材料的抗渣性能增强； 材料在使用过程中生成Sialon(赛隆)不易被氧化，且改变了材料基质结 合形式，提高了基质的固-固直接结合率，因此提高了材料的抗渣性能。
另外，此种铁沟料用陶瓷结合剂来代替水泥，减少了CaO的引入， 从而避免一些钙铝黄长石等低熔点物的形成，提高了高温使用性能，对 比以前的铁沟料，此种铁沟料具有较好的抗渣侵蚀性和渗透性能，较小 的体积膨胀性，热震性能非常好，抗剥落性提高，出铁量得到较大程度 的提高和改善。
具体实施方式
为了更好的解释本发明，以便于理解，下面通过具体实施方式，对 本发明作详细描述。
本发明实施例提供一种大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料，该铁沟料由以下 原料按重量百分比混合制成：5mm＜粒度≤15mm的致密刚玉13～23％， 3mm＜粒度≤5mm的致密刚玉10～25％，1mm＜粒度≤3mm的致密刚 玉10～20％，粒度为200目的白刚玉1～5％，1mm＜粒度≤3mm的98 碳化硅5～15％，0.088mm＜粒度≤1mm的98碳化硅8～18％，粒度为 200目的98碳化硅3～10％，粒度为1200目的98碳化硅1～5％，氧化铝 微粉3～8％，结合剂1～5％，抗氧化剂1～5％，助烧结剂0～10％，减水 剂0.1～1％，防爆剂0.01～0.1％。另外，在搅拌过程中，水用量3～8％。
具体地，本发明的结合剂为陶瓷结合剂，抗氧化剂为金属硅粉，助 烧结剂为氮化硅铁。防爆剂是有机纤维，熔点低于110℃，长度小于 6mm。减水剂为聚羧酸类分散剂、磷酸盐类分散剂、FDN型萘系高校分 散剂中的一种。
该铁沟料采用一种助烧结剂氮化硅铁来代替原本碳源沥青，在烘烤 过程中不会产生烟气，由于氮化硅铁还具有一定的抗氧化性，故其能产 生优异的高温性能。
另外，此种铁沟料用陶瓷结合剂来代替水泥，减少了CaO的引入， 从而避免一些钙铝黄长石等低熔点物的形成，提高了高温使用性能，对 比以前的铁沟料，此种铁沟料具有较好的抗渣侵蚀性和渗透性能，较小 的体积膨胀性，热震性能非常好，抗剥落性提高，出铁量得到较大程度 的提高和改善。而且含有陶瓷结合剂的铁沟料具有更好的流动性和硬化过程，能够满足施工性能的同时，其高温抗折强度有很大的提高，在高 温下形成较多的碳化硅晶型和莫来石相，提升了材料的高温使用性能。
本发明各个实施例的具体数据见下表：
Figure BDA0003104765870000041
将原料按照一定比例配好后先干混2-3分钟后，混好后的料按比例 加入水，加水量控制在5％左右，继续搅拌5分钟左右出料浇注。振动棒 插入后要缓慢移动，抽出时要倾斜一定角度速度要缓慢，避免留下空 洞。浇注完毕后自然养护至表面硬化后，达到脱模强度后脱模。待施工 结束后自然养护48小时以上。
自然养护后严格按照烘烤曲线对铁沟料进行烘烤，用煤气烘烤器采 用小火、中火、大火阶段烘烤。达到温度后，投入使用。
Figure BDA0003104765870000051
由上表中数据可知，本发明制得的大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料的高温 抗折强度和热震性能、抗渣侵蚀性能非常好，使用寿命也大幅度提高， 降低了铁水的耐材消耗，整个通铁量得到大幅度提高。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而 非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领 域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术 方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这 些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术 方案的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料，其特征在于，包括按重量百分比计的以下原料：致密刚玉43～56.75％，白刚玉1～5％，碳化硅29～34％，氧化铝微粉3～8％，结合剂1～5％，抗氧化剂1～5％，助烧结剂0～10％，减水剂0.1～1％，防爆剂0.01～0.1％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料，其特征在于：包括按重量百分比计的以下原料：致密刚玉47.9～51.45％，白刚玉2～3％，碳化硅30～32％，氧化铝微粉5～8％，结合剂2～5％，抗氧化剂1～3％，助烧结剂2～6％，减水剂0.1～0.5％，防爆剂0.01～0.05％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料，其特征在于：致密刚玉包括以下组分：5mm＜粒度≤15mm的致密刚玉占原料总质量的13～23％，3mm＜粒度≤5mm的致密刚玉占原料总质量的10～25％，1mm＜粒度≤3mm的致密刚玉占原料总质量的10～20％；致密刚玉中，Al2O3≥99％，SiO2≤0.4％，Na2O≤0.3％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料，其特征在于：白刚玉中，Al2O3≥99％，Na2O≤0.4％，粒度为200目。
5.根据权利要求1所述的大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料，其特征在于：碳化硅包括以下组分：1mm＜粒度≤3mm的碳化硅占原料总质量的5～15％，0.088mm＜粒度≤1mm的碳化硅占原料总质量的8～18％，粒度为200目的碳化硅占原料总质量的3～10％，粒度为1200目的碳化硅占原料总质量的1～5％；碳化硅中，SiC≥97.5％，Fe2O3≤0.4％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料，其特征在于：氧化铝微粉为煅烧氧化铝微粉、活性氧化铝微粉中的任意一种或者两种混合，粒度≤5um。
7.根据权利要求1所述的大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料，其特征在于：结合剂为陶瓷结合剂，结合剂中，Al2O3≥30％，SiO2≥50％，Na2O≤1.5％。
8.根据权利要求1所述的大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料，其特征在于：抗氧化剂为金属硅粉。
9.根据权利要求1所述的大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料，其特征在于：助烧结剂为氮化硅铁，助烧结剂中，75％≤Si3N4≤80％，10％≤Fe≤17％，耐火≥1700℃。
10.一种大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：按照权利要求1-9中任一项所述的大型高炉用无水泥铁沟料的原料比例配料，先干混2-3分钟，混好后的原料按比例加入水，加水量控制在5％左右，继续搅拌3-5分钟出料浇注；振动棒插入后要缓慢移动，抽出时要倾斜一定角度速度要缓慢，避免留下空洞；浇注完毕后自然养护至表面硬化后，达到脱模强度后脱模；待施工结束后自然养护48小时以上。
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