CN113453935B - 用于燃料箱的加注管的漏斗状插入件 - Google Patents
用于燃料箱的加注管的漏斗状插入件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113453935B CN113453935B CN201980071174.8A CN201980071174A CN113453935B CN 113453935 B CN113453935 B CN 113453935B CN 201980071174 A CN201980071174 A CN 201980071174A CN 113453935 B CN113453935 B CN 113453935B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- funnel
- insert
- funnel insert
- sealing body
- shaped insert
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/04—Tank inlets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K2015/03328—Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling
- B60K2015/03401—Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling for preventing electrostatic charges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K2015/03486—Fuel tanks characterised by the materials the tank or parts thereof are essentially made from
- B60K2015/03493—Fuel tanks characterised by the materials the tank or parts thereof are essentially made from made of plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/04—Tank inlets
- B60K2015/0458—Details of the tank inlet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/04—Tank inlets
- B60K2015/0458—Details of the tank inlet
- B60K2015/047—Manufacturing of the fuel inlet or connecting elements to fuel inlet, e.g. pipes or venting tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/04—Tank inlets
- B60K2015/0458—Details of the tank inlet
- B60K2015/048—Arrangements for sealing the fuel inlet during filling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆用燃料箱的加注管(10)的漏斗状插入件(12)，漏斗状插入件(12)设置在加注管(10)的端部区域中，用于接纳燃料喷嘴，并且在漏斗状插入件(12)的外侧与加注管(10)的内侧之间具有空间，在该空间中设置有流体屏障。根据本发明，流体屏障为设置在漏斗状插入件(12)的外周缘上的密封体(14)的形式，该密封体包括部分地或周向地搁置在加注管(10)的内侧上的密封边缘(16)，并且由与漏斗状插入件(12)的材料相比具有更高柔韧性的材料构成。
Description
相关申请
本专利文本要求2018年10月31日提交的欧洲专利申请18203732.5的权益和优先权，其全部内容通过引用合并在本文中。
技术领域
本公开内容涉及一种用于机动车辆用燃料箱的加注管的漏斗状插入件，该漏斗状插入件设置在加注管的端部区域中，用于接纳燃料喷嘴，并且在该漏斗状插入件的外侧与加注管的内侧之间具有空间，在该空间中设置有流体屏障。
背景技术
在给车辆补充燃料时这种漏斗状插入件对燃料喷嘴的出口端部进行保持和引导。在完整的补充燃料操作结束时，燃料流动被逆着燃料喷嘴流回的燃料阻止。为了防止燃料在外侧上流过漏斗状插入件并从加注管中喷出，在漏斗状插入件和加注管之间设置有流体屏障。出于成本原因，加注管通常由HDPE塑料材料以一定尺寸公差制成，使得壁厚产生一定变化，这导致漏斗状插入件和加注管之间的变化的间隙大小，该间隙大小必须被流体屏障允许，即，流体屏障必须足够柔性以桥接漏斗状插入件和加注管之间的各种距离。应当指出的是，与加注管相比，漏斗状插入件必须使用高精度模具制造，因为所述插入件包含与燃料喷嘴配合的误加燃料保护装置，因此通常由POM或其他不是非常柔性的尺寸稳定的塑料材料制成。由尺寸稳定的塑料材料，例如POM制成的密封边缘不能柔性地密封变化的间隙宽度。
发明内容
由此出发，本公开内容解决的问题是，开发具有流体屏障的漏斗状插入件使得在无损坏的情况下允许关于加注管的公差。
为了解决这个问题，提出了权利要求1中指定的特征的组合。在从属权利要求中，本公开内容的有利实施方式和开发将变得显而易见。
根据本公开内容，流体屏障为设置在漏斗状插入件的外周缘上的密封体的形式，该密封体包括搁置在加注管的内侧上的周向密封边缘，并且由与漏斗状插入件的材料相比具有更高柔韧性的材料构成。密封体可以与漏斗状插入件分开制成，并且在将漏斗状插入件安装到加注管中之前设置在漏斗状插入件上，或者也可以与漏斗状插入件通过双组件注射成型工艺一起制成。
漏斗状插入件由尺寸稳定的塑料材料制成，而密封体由柔性的塑料材料制成。优选地，漏斗状插入件由POM塑料材料制成，而密封体则由断裂伸长率值大于50％的HDPE塑料材料制成。高的断裂伸长率值确保了在组装和操作期间产生的变形、振动、移位等甚至长期不会损坏密封体。
虽然可以以相当低的尺寸公差来制造漏斗状插入件和密封体，但是在加注管的制造期间可能产生几毫米的公差。尽管存在该系列差异，但密封体仍应确保可靠的密封。密封体因此被设计为使得可以补偿相对于目标值的至少+/-5mm的径向尺寸偏差，即，加注管和漏斗状插入件之间的距离的差异。
附图说明
下面将参照附图中示意性示出的实施方式来更详细地解释本公开内容，在附图中：
图1是穿过用于燃料容器的加注管的端部区域的纵向截面，该加注管的端部区域具有用于接纳误加燃料保护装置的漏斗状插入件；以及
图2是根据图1的漏斗状插入件的立体图。
具体实施方式
图1中所示的由HDPE塑料材料制成的加注管10的加注侧端部区域包括由POM塑料材料制成的漏斗状插入件12(图2)，该插入件又用于接纳功能部件(未更详细示出)。由于与功能部件接合，漏斗状插入件12必须高精度地制造，这证明了使用POM材料的合理性。然而，加注管10由较便宜的塑料材料HDPE制成，并且由于制造过程的原因，加注管10可以在其尺寸、特别是其壁厚、上变化几毫米。
此外，由于吸收燃料和温度变化，HDPE材料可能经受膨胀或收缩。
从图1可以看出，在漏斗状插入件12的外侧与加注管10的内壁之间形成环形间隙。在补充燃料操作期间，应防止燃料通过该环形间隙朝向加注口流回，否则可能会导致补充燃料操作提前终止。因此，在漏斗状插入件12上设置具有密封边缘16的密封体14，该密封边缘在其径向范围上被确定尺寸成使得其可靠地允许加注管10和漏斗状插入件12之间的距离变化，该距离变化最初已经存在或在操作期间产生。为此目的，密封边缘16需要具有一定程度的柔韧性，而这是POM塑料材料所不能实现的。因此，密封体14由具有更大柔韧性的材料制成，特别是由HDPE塑料材料制成。
在所示的示例性实施方式中，密封体14闩锁到漏斗状插入件12上，为此目的，漏斗状插入件12包括设置在其周缘上的多个闩锁突出部18。可替代地，密封体14可以与漏斗状插入件12通过双组件注射成型工艺一起制成。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于机动车辆用燃料箱的加注管（10）的漏斗状插入件（12），所述漏斗状插入件（12）设置在所述加注管（10）的端部部分中，用于接纳燃料喷嘴，并且在一空间中设置流体屏障，所述空间限定在所述漏斗状插入件（12）的外侧表面与所述加注管（10）的内侧表面之间，其中，所述流体屏障为设置在所述漏斗状插入件（12）的外周缘上的密封体（14）的形式，并且所述密封体包括密封边缘（16），所述密封边缘（16）部分地或周向地接合在所述加注管（10）的所述内侧表面上，并且由与所述漏斗状插入件（12）的材料相比具有更高柔韧性的材料构成，并且所述密封体被配置为补偿由于在至少+/-5mm范围内的制造公差而导致的所述漏斗状插入件到所述加注管的径向距离的偏差。
2.根据权利要求1所述的漏斗状插入件，其中，所述漏斗状插入件（12）由POM材料构成，并且所述密封体（14）由HDPE材料构成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的漏斗状插入件，其中，所述漏斗状插入件（12）包括闩锁突出部，通过所述闩锁突出部，所述密封体（14）被闩锁到所述漏斗状插入件（12）上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的漏斗状插入件，其中，所述密封体（14）与所述漏斗状插入件（12）通过双组件注射成型工艺一起制成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的漏斗状插入件，其中，所述密封体（14）被粘性结合、焊接、夹持或铆接至所述漏斗状插入件（12）。
6.根据权利要求1所述的漏斗状插入件，其中，所述密封体（14）具有大于50％的断裂伸长率值。
7.根据权利要求1所述的漏斗状插入件，其中，设置在所述漏斗状插入件的外周缘上的密封体与所述加注管的近端轴向间隔开。
8.一种用于燃料箱的具有根据权利要求1所述的漏斗状插入件（12）的加注管（10），其中，在所述加注管（10）和所述漏斗状插入件（12）之间存在10mm至30mm的距离。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18203732.5A EP3647104A1 (de) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | Trichtereinsatz für ein füllrohr eines kraftstofftanks |
| EP18203732.5 | 2018-10-31 | ||
| PCT/IB2019/059348 WO2020089827A1 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Funnel insert for a filler tube of a fuel tank |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113453935A CN113453935A (zh) | 2021-09-28 |
| CN113453935B true CN113453935B (zh) | 2024-05-28 |
Family
ID=64048939
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201980071174.8A Active CN113453935B (zh) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | 用于燃料箱的加注管的漏斗状插入件 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20210379985A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP3647104A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP7187708B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR102585182B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN113453935B (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX2021005041A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2020089827A1 (zh) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6056029A (en) * | 1999-03-03 | 2000-05-02 | Stant Manufacturing Inc. | Fuel-Transfer system |
| CA2489626A1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-10 | Eaton Corporation | Failed nozzle relief for a mechanically sealed refueling nozzle in a filler tube |
| CN1960912A (zh) * | 2004-05-28 | 2007-05-09 | 戴科产品有限责任公司 | 燃料漏斗颈管颈组件及其制造方法 |
| CN104129279A (zh) * | 2013-05-02 | 2014-11-05 | 麦格纳斯太尔燃油系统公司 | 储罐系统 |
| CN106945509A (zh) * | 2010-09-16 | 2017-07-14 | 考特克斯·特克斯罗恩有限公司及两合公司 | 用于机动车辆的燃料箱的加油管口 |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2503479Y2 (ja) * | 1990-07-04 | 1996-07-03 | エヌオーケー株式会社 | 車両用燃料給油口のシ―ル装置 |
| US6860398B2 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2005-03-01 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low permeation fittings, low permeation containers utilizing same, and methods for forming same |
| US7048019B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2006-05-23 | Shelby Enterprises, Inc. | Fuel filler tube assembly and manufacturing method |
| JP4769600B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-09 | 2011-09-07 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 給油口装置 |
| DE102008005717A1 (de) * | 2007-11-13 | 2009-02-26 | Alfmeier Präzision AG Baugruppen und Systemlösungen | Kraftstofftank mit einem Einfüllrohr und einem Einfüllstutzenkopf |
| US8490661B1 (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-07-23 | Ti Automotive Technology Center Gmbh | Fuel tank filler neck |
| DE102012109567A1 (de) * | 2012-10-09 | 2014-04-10 | Veritas Ag | Befüllkopf für einen Flüssigkeitstank |
| US9233823B2 (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2016-01-12 | Fox Environmental Products, Llc | Fuel surge arrestor |
| JP6277969B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-28 | 2018-02-14 | 豊田合成株式会社 | 給油装置 |
| KR20160150376A (ko) * | 2015-06-22 | 2016-12-30 | 기아자동차주식회사 | 차량의 연료주입용 필러넥 장치 |
| JP6621427B2 (ja) * | 2017-01-19 | 2019-12-18 | 株式会社Fts | フィラーパイプの入口部構造 |
| JP2018162048A (ja) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-10-18 | 良繁 新垣 | アクセルペダルの踏み間違い事故防止対策装置ａｒ |
-
2018
- 2018-10-31 EP EP18203732.5A patent/EP3647104A1/de active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-10-31 MX MX2021005041A patent/MX2021005041A/es unknown
- 2019-10-31 US US17/289,144 patent/US20210379985A1/en active Pending
- 2019-10-31 KR KR1020217016584A patent/KR102585182B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2019-10-31 JP JP2021547976A patent/JP7187708B2/ja active Active
- 2019-10-31 CN CN201980071174.8A patent/CN113453935B/zh active Active
- 2019-10-31 WO PCT/IB2019/059348 patent/WO2020089827A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6056029A (en) * | 1999-03-03 | 2000-05-02 | Stant Manufacturing Inc. | Fuel-Transfer system |
| CA2489626A1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-10 | Eaton Corporation | Failed nozzle relief for a mechanically sealed refueling nozzle in a filler tube |
| CN1960912A (zh) * | 2004-05-28 | 2007-05-09 | 戴科产品有限责任公司 | 燃料漏斗颈管颈组件及其制造方法 |
| CN106945509A (zh) * | 2010-09-16 | 2017-07-14 | 考特克斯·特克斯罗恩有限公司及两合公司 | 用于机动车辆的燃料箱的加油管口 |
| CN104129279A (zh) * | 2013-05-02 | 2014-11-05 | 麦格纳斯太尔燃油系统公司 | 储罐系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3647104A1 (de) | 2020-05-06 |
| KR20210127130A (ko) | 2021-10-21 |
| JP2022509457A (ja) | 2022-01-20 |
| MX2021005041A (es) | 2021-06-15 |
| KR102585182B1 (ko) | 2023-10-05 |
| CN113453935A (zh) | 2021-09-28 |
| JP7187708B2 (ja) | 2022-12-12 |
| WO2020089827A1 (en) | 2020-05-07 |
| US20210379985A1 (en) | 2021-12-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR101451058B1 (ko) | 자동차 연료 탱크 | |
| FI87260B (fi) | Doseringsventil med hopfaellbar kammare. | |
| US7574921B2 (en) | Pressure sensor mounting using a molded seal | |
| US9266428B2 (en) | Capless fuel filler assembly for vehicle | |
| EP2723598B1 (en) | Closure system | |
| US6367503B1 (en) | Plastic container and method for using the same | |
| EP2885149B1 (en) | Guiding device for a fuel filler nozzle | |
| EP2276643B1 (en) | A fuel inlet tube for automobiles | |
| US8863976B2 (en) | Seal structure for fuel tank and method for forming same | |
| US20150239198A1 (en) | Attaching structure of insert member to blow molded article | |
| CN113453935B (zh) | 用于燃料箱的加注管的漏斗状插入件 | |
| US7997422B2 (en) | Filter, in particular a fuel filter | |
| US20200262291A1 (en) | Motor-vehicle liquid tank having an integrated float valve | |
| US5875820A (en) | Fuel feeding device for vehicles | |
| JP2009137488A (ja) | 燃料タンク | |
| US20170015193A1 (en) | Flow Guiding Mechanism for a Tank Filler Neck | |
| JP2014104693A (ja) | ブロー成形品のインサート部材の取付構造 | |
| US20170266858A1 (en) | Method for producing an apparatus for dispensing a medium | |
| JP6788939B2 (ja) | フィラーパイプの取付方法 | |
| EP3444171A1 (en) | Closing plug for closing an opening and arrangement with a closing plug | |
| US20220281313A1 (en) | Plastic tank | |
| CN113043840B (zh) | 油箱接头结构 | |
| JP2015214183A (ja) | フィラーパイプ | |
| EP3630520B1 (en) | Filling head for a fuel tank, particularly of a vehicle | |
| JP2005199885A (ja) | 合成樹脂中空体、自動車用燃料タンクおよびその製造方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |