CN113445921A - Compound hole enlargement cave-making device of deep hole in pit in colliery - Google Patents
Compound hole enlargement cave-making device of deep hole in pit in colliery Download PDFInfo
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- CN113445921A CN113445921A CN202110945129.XA CN202110945129A CN113445921A CN 113445921 A CN113445921 A CN 113445921A CN 202110945129 A CN202110945129 A CN 202110945129A CN 113445921 A CN113445921 A CN 113445921A
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
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Abstract
A coal mine underground deep hole composite type expanding and cave-making device comprises a rod body with a central through hole, wherein a male head and a female head are respectively arranged at the head end and the tail end of the rod body, assembling holes are formed in the circumferential wall of the rod body, expanding drill wings are arranged in the assembling holes, the switching ends of the expanding drill wings are provided with the circumferential wall, and rotating teeth are uniformly arranged on the circumferential wall; a piston rod, a spring and a plugging rod are arranged in the central through hole, a water flow through hole is formed in the piston rod, the piston rod is arranged in the central through hole in a sliding and sealing mode, the head end of the plugging rod is fixedly abutted against an inner cavity of the male head, the tail end of the plugging rod is arranged towards the water flow through hole, the head end of the spring is sleeved on the plugging rod, and the tail end of the spring is abutted against the head end of the piston rod; all be provided with the pinion rack on the piston rod, a plurality of high-pressure jet hole has evenly been seted up all around the body of rod of piston rod. The invention adopts a composite expanding and cave-making structure of the expanding drill wing and the high-pressure water jet, and can realize efficient expanding and cave-making in the underground drill hole by matching with the efficient gear transmission structure of the expanding drill wing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground equipment of a coal mine, in particular to a composite type diameter-expanding and cave-making device for an underground deep hole of a coal mine.
Background
High gas, coal and gas outburst mines in China are more, and coal mine gas is always a major hidden danger of coal mine safety production. Due to the complex diversity of geological structures and the particularity of coal-forming environments in China, the permeability of coal beds is generally poor, and particularly in tectonic coal development areas, the permeability of the coal beds is lower. Therefore, the key for efficiently extracting and extracting the gas is to improve the gas permeability of the coal seam, particularly the gas permeability of the coal seam in a structural development area.
The permeability-increasing measures for the coal seam in the tectonic coal development area mainly comprise a series of reconstruction measures such as hydraulic fracturing, hydraulic punching, hydraulic cave building, loosening blasting and the like. The improvement measures have certain anti-reflection effect, and particularly have obvious anti-reflection effect of hydraulic cavitation. However, in the hydraulic cave-making and permeability-increasing process, due to the strength difference of coal bodies, after the coal bodies are damaged under the hydraulic action, the cave-making size is not uniform, a drilling slag-discharging channel is damaged, even a large coal block blocks the slag-discharging channel, and the permeability-increasing effect is reduced. Meanwhile, in the hydraulic hole making process, the hole making size is difficult to accurately control, so that the difference of the anti-reflection effects of different areas is large, and an extraction blind area may exist in the extraction process. In addition, in the deep hole drilling construction of the coal mine, the deep hole coal seam has large compressive stress, and the drilled hole is easy to shrink or even collapse, particularly under a soft coal seam, the deep hole construction is particularly difficult, and the deep hole needs to be reamed and caved while the coal seam deep hole drilling construction is carried out.
In the chinese patent application CN201310252145.6, the disclosed drilling and cave-making device adopts an openable or closable cutting arm, and completes the opening and closing of the cutting arm by the rotation power and feeding power of the drill rod, the scheme is essentially a drill bit capable of reducing diameter, has no hydraulic reaming function, and simultaneously the transmission of power is completed by a plurality of rod pieces, and in practical application, the connection strength, the anti-torque capability, etc. of each connecting piece need to be considered, which is very easy to cause problems in use;
chinese patent application CN201910504348.7 discloses an infinitely expanding drilling and cave-making device, which adopts many transmission components such as bevel gears, etc., the transmission structure is complex, there are many problems in practical application, and the practicability is not strong;
chinese patent application CN202010209172.5 discloses a hydraulic hole-making mechanism, which uses pressure switching of high-pressure and low-pressure water flows to realize switching of low-pressure water cooling and powder discharging and high-pressure water jet hole-making, but does not have the function of reducing and expanding holes, and still has the problems of non-uniform hole-making size, difficult accurate control of hole-making size, and the like; and the Chinese patent application CN201821727763.6 also has the same problem, and can only meet the switch cave-making of high-low pressure water flow.
In addition, in chinese patent application CN202022625757.3, the applicant has also proposed a more targeted solution, which can basically solve the above problems, but has the following disadvantages in practical applications:
1) the drill wing and the piston are in transmission fit by adopting a pushing curved surface with a specific arc-shaped bending angle and an arc-shaped wall, so that the pushing curved surface and the arc-shaped wall are easy to wear and slide in drilling construction with a complex underground environment, power transmission is poor and even the power transmission effect is lost, and the drill wing can not be opened effectively;
2) when the drill fins are constructed in a completely opened state, the drill fins bear changed high torque, the change of the torque can cause the connecting arms to twist slightly, so that the pistons abutting against the connecting arms and the pressure plate are twisted slightly, and further the whole hydraulic driving mechanism can also rotate along with the connecting arms and the pressure plate;
3) when the drill fin is constructed in a completely opened state, the dropped coal slag can be partially gathered at the high-pressure water outlet and can block the high-pressure water outlet, what is worse, the coal slag permeates between the central through hole and the valve body through the high-pressure water outlet, and the valve body can rotate to a certain degree during construction, so that the rod body and the valve body are abraded, high stress concentration is locally generated at the damaged part, and the valve body or the rod body can be directly and locally cracked during serious construction;
4) the whole hydraulic driving mechanism has a plurality of parts which are tightly matched and connected with each other, and once any part has a problem, the whole hydraulic driving mechanism cannot be used or the function is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, aiming at various defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a composite type cave making device capable of simultaneously carrying out hydraulic reaming and expanding reaming, which adopts a composite expanding cave making structure of an expanding drill wing and high-pressure water jet and is matched with a gear high-efficiency transmission structure of the expanding drill wing, so that high-efficiency hole expanding and cave making can be realized in a downhole drill hole, and the air permeability of a coal seam is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the problems is as follows:
a coal mine underground deep hole composite type expanding and cave-making device is arranged between a drill rod and a drill bit and comprises a rod body with a central through hole, wherein the head end and the tail end of the rod body are respectively provided with a male head and a female head, the circumferential wall of the rod body is uniformly provided with a plurality of assembling holes communicated with the central through hole, expanding drill wings capable of being turned and opened relative to the rod body are arranged in the assembling holes, the switching ends of the expanding drill wings are provided with circumferential walls, and the circumferential surfaces of the circumferential walls are uniformly provided with rotating teeth;
a piston rod, a spring and a plugging rod are sequentially arranged in the central through hole from the tail end to the head end, a water flow through hole is formed in the piston rod, the piston rod is arranged in the central through hole in a sliding and sealing mode, the head end of the plugging rod is fixedly abutted against an inner cavity of the male head, the tail end of the plugging rod is arranged towards the water flow through hole, the head end of the spring is sleeved on the plugging rod, and the tail end of the spring is abutted against the head end of the piston rod;
the body of the rod at the position of the piston rod corresponding to the rotating teeth is provided with a toothed plate meshed with each rotating tooth, the periphery of the body of the piston rod is uniformly provided with a plurality of high-pressure jet holes, when the water pressure is greater than the compression elastic force of the spring, water flow pushes the piston rod to axially slide, the toothed plate slides to drive the rotating teeth to rotate, so that the expanding drill wings are turned and opened, when the expanding drill wings are completely opened, the head end of a piston core rod is abutted against the plugging rod, the tail end of the plugging rod seals the water flow holes, and high-pressure water flows through the high-pressure jet holes to be ejected; when the water pressure is less than the compression elasticity of the spring, the piston rod resets, the toothed plate retracts to drive the rotating teeth to rotate, so that the expanding drill wings turn over to reset, and low-pressure water enters the drill bit through the water flow through hole.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, two assembling holes communicated with the central through hole are uniformly formed in the circumferential wall of the rod body, a pin shaft is arranged at the tail end of each assembling hole, and the end part of the expanding drill wing is rotatably assembled in the assembling holes through the pin shaft.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention is that the expanding drill wing comprises three integrally connected parts, namely a cylindrical end for connection, a rectangular wing rod as a main body and a trapezoidal cutting seat for cutting, the rotary teeth are uniformly distributed on the circumferential wall of the cylindrical end, a pin hole matched with the pin shaft is formed in the center of the cylindrical end, one end of the rectangular wing rod is integrally connected on the circumferential wall of the cylindrical end, the other end of the rectangular wing rod is integrally connected with the wide base of the trapezoidal cutting seat, and a plurality of cutting alloy blocks are uniformly arranged on the side walls of the rectangular wing rod and the trapezoidal cutting seat facing the drilling direction of the drill hole along the length direction.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the trapezoidal cutting seat is smaller than that of the rectangular wing bar, so that a step-shaped notch a is formed between the trapezoidal cutting seat and the rectangular wing bar, the notch a is located on the back of the cutting alloy block, a notch B with a step-shaped structure is formed at the end of the trapezoidal cutting seat on the same side as the cutting alloy block, and the alloy cutting blades with adaptive shapes are assembled in both the notch a and the notch B.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the turning angle of the expanding drill wing is in the range of 0-90 degrees, and when the expanding drill wing is turned and expanded to the limit position, the expanding drill wing and the rod body are in a vertical state.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a one-way valve for one-way passage of water flow is disposed at a position adjacent to the piston rod at the inner and the rear end of the central through hole.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plugging rod comprises three parts, which are respectively a plugging tip at the tail end, a cylindrical rod in the middle, and an abutting seat at the head end, the plugging tip is a conical head integrally connected to the end of the cylindrical rod, the abutting seat is a cylindrical barrel seat with one sealed end and one open end, the outer diameter of the abutting seat matches the inner diameter of the central hole of the male head, the center of the sealed end of the abutting seat is integrally connected to the cylindrical rod, and the circumference of the abutting seat is uniformly provided with a plurality of fan-shaped notches, so that the low-pressure water can flow out from the male head through the fan-shaped notches.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the wall of the tail end hole of each assembly hole is provided with an abutting block, so that the abutting blocks form abutting support when the expanding drill wing is turned to a vertical state.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, surface notches with a fan-shaped vertical cross section are formed in the circumferential walls of the adjacent assembling holes of the rod body along the length direction of the rod body, a step is formed between the edge of the surface notch and the circumferential wall of the rod body, and the length of the surface notch is slightly smaller than the length of the rod body.
The invention further optimizes the scheme based on the scheme as follows: the piston rod comprises three parts, namely a piston end cap at the tail end, a middle piston core rod and a cylindrical piston at the head end, wherein the cylindrical piston is integrally connected to the end part of the piston core rod, the piston end cap and the cylindrical piston are arranged in the central through hole in a sliding sealing mode, the piston end cap and the cylindrical piston are respectively arranged on two sides of the assembling hole in a row, and the piston core rod is arranged corresponding to the assembling hole.
According to the scheme, the cylindrical piston comprises a cylindrical barrel and an end cover which is integrally connected to one end of the cylindrical barrel, the end cover is integrally connected with the piston core rod, a water flow through hole is formed in the center of the end cover, a positioning plugging sleeve is fixedly sleeved in the open end of the cylindrical barrel, and the inner diameter of the positioning plugging sleeve is matched with the outer diameter of the plugging rod.
According to the scheme, the piston core rod is a rod body with a rectangular structure, so that the rod body at the center of the piston rod is of the rectangular structure, the toothed plate is arranged at the tail end of the piston core rod, the high-pressure jet holes are uniformly distributed in four wall surfaces of the piston core rod, gaps are reserved between the periphery of the piston core rod and the central through hole, two side walls of the piston core rod are arranged corresponding to the assembling holes, and the other two side walls face the inner wall of the central through hole.
Has the advantages that:
the composite hole expanding and hole expanding device for the underground deep hole of the coal mine, disclosed by the invention, is provided with the hole expanding drill wings which can be overturned and opened, so that the hole expanding and hole expanding in the inner drilling process is realized, and the defects that the hole expanding size is not uniform, a slag discharge channel is easy to damage and the anti-reflection effect is reduced due to the fact that the hole is formed only by water power can be effectively overcome; meanwhile, hydraulic hole making is carried out by matching with high-pressure hydraulic jet flow in a high-pressure water state, and the water flow hole making and sizing reaming hole making are combined into a whole, so that the defects that the torque bearing of a hole-expanding drill wing is too large and parts are too seriously abraded due to the fact that the hole-expanding drill wing is singly dependent can be effectively overcome, the two phases are matched to form a composite hole-expanding hole making, and the anti-reflection effect on an underground drilling coal bed is better.
Secondly, the opening and closing actions of the expanding drill wings depend on the meshing and matching of the toothed plates and the rotating teeth, the transmission efficiency is more direct and faster, each transmission assembly in the expanding drill wings is relatively simple, the linking and matching between the assemblies is more efficient, the practicability is higher, meanwhile, the toothed plates and the gear transmission structures of the rotating teeth are more stable, the local vibration or rotation brought by the expanding drill wings under the condition of high variable torque can be borne, the abrasion of parts cannot easily occur, and the service life is longer.
In addition, compared with the meshing transmission of the toothed plate and the rotating teeth, the meshing transmission of the toothed plate and the rotating teeth has the advantages that the original pushing curved surface is matched with the transmission of the arc-shaped wall, the stability and the efficiency are better, the power loss is avoided, the piston core rod body adopts a rectangular rod body structure, the torque resistance is higher, the high torque load caused by a larger expanding drill wing can be borne, and meanwhile, the expanding action of the larger torque load of the expanding drill wing can be supported and met.
In addition, even clearance has between the inner wall circumference of piston core bar and central through-hole, the high-pressure jet hole on the piston core bar not only carries out the efflux of high pressure water towards the assembly hole to the coal seam wall and punches a hole, the high-pressure jet hole that corresponds on the piston core bar and faces two faces of central through-hole inner wall is also carrying out the efflux of high pressure water simultaneously, this part high pressure jet water directly dashes to the inner wall of central through-hole, even if make the cinder piece that the reaming in-process dropped enter into in the clearance, also can be rushed out by this part high pressure jet water very first time, guarantee that the transmission of each spare part links up the cooperation and can not receive the influence of the cinder that drops in the body of rod.
In addition, the other purpose of distributing the high-pressure jet holes around the piston core rod is to balance the stress on the piston core rod in the circumferential direction, so that the reaction force of high-pressure jet water on the piston core rod in the circumferential direction can reach balance, and under the condition that the rod body rotates at a high speed, the conditions that the piston core rod is unstable in connection and assembly with other parts or the piston core rod vibrates, shakes or shakes due to the unstable circumferential stress in the high-pressure jet process are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in an initial state;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the expanding drill wing of the present invention in a fully expanded state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the expanding drill wing in a fully expanded state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a rod body;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective exploded view of the piston rod;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an expanding drill wing;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a plugging rod;
fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the components of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: 1. the device comprises a rod body, 2, a central through hole, 21, a one-way valve, 3, an assembling hole, 31, a pin shaft, 32, an abutting block, 4, an expanding drill wing, 41, a rotary tooth, 42, a cylindrical end, 43, a rectangular wing rod, 44, a trapezoidal cutting seat, 45, a pin hole, 46, a cutting alloy block, 47, a notch A, 48, a notch B, 49, an alloy cutting knife, 5, a piston rod, 51, a water flow through hole, 52, a toothed plate, 53, a high-pressure jet hole, 54, a piston end cap, 55, a piston core rod, 56, a cylindrical piston, 57, a positioning sealing sleeve, 6, a spring, 7, a sealing rod, 71, a sealing tip, 72, a cylindrical rod, 73, an abutting seat, 74, a fan-shaped notch, 8, a surface notch, 9, a male head, 10 and a female head.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, a composite hole expanding and making device for a deep hole in a coal mine well is arranged between a drill rod and a drill bit, and comprises a rod body 1 with a central through hole 2, wherein the head end and the tail end of the rod body 1 are respectively provided with a male head 9 and a female head 10, the male head 9 is used for connecting the drill bit, the female head 10 is used for connecting the drill rod, the circumferential wall of the rod body 1 is uniformly provided with a plurality of assembling holes 3 communicated with the central through hole 2, the assembling holes 3 are arranged along the length direction of the rod body 1, the assembling holes 3 are rectangular through holes, the assembling holes 3 are internally provided with hole expanding drill wings 4 capable of being turned and opened relative to the rod body, the shape and the size of each hole expanding drill wing 4 are matched with the shape and the size of the assembling holes 3, after the hole expanding drill wings 4 are filled into the assembling holes 3, a complete circumferential rod is just formed with the rod body 1, one end of each hole expanding drill wing 4 is rotatably connected in the assembling holes 3, the other end is a free end, the switching end of the expanding drill wing 4 is provided with a circumferential wall, and the circumferential surface of the circumferential wall is uniformly provided with rotating teeth 41;
a piston rod 5, a spring 6 and a plugging rod 7 are sequentially arranged in the central through hole 2 from the tail end to the head end, the piston rod 5, the spring 6 and the plugging rod 7 are mutually connected and matched, a water flow through hole 51 is arranged in the piston rod 5, the water flow through hole 51 is matched with the central through hole 2, so that the rod body 1 can be communicated, the piston rod 5 is arranged in the central through hole 2 in a sliding sealing manner, the head end of the plugging rod 7 is fixedly abutted against an inner cavity of the male head 9, the tail end of the plugging rod 7 is arranged towards the water flow through hole 2, the head end of the plugging rod 7 penetrates out of the rod body 1 and enters the male head 9, the tail end of the plugging rod is still positioned in the rod body 1, the head end of the spring 6 is sleeved on the plugging rod 7, the tail end of the spring is abutted against the head end of the piston rod 5, so that the piston rod 5 is elastically contacted and connected with the plugging rod 7 through the spring 6, and the mutual position between the piston rod 5 and the plugging rod 7 can be changed by the change of the compression state of the spring 6;
as shown in fig. 2, a toothed plate 52 engaged with each rotating tooth 41 is arranged on a rod body of the piston rod 5 at a position corresponding to the rotating tooth 41, a gear transmission fit is formed between the toothed plate 52 and the rotating tooth 41, the axially displaced toothed plate 52 can drive the rotating tooth 41 to rotate along a transfer shaft, axial displacement is converted into circumferential motion, and further a power foundation is provided for turning over and opening of the diameter-expanding drill wing 4, a plurality of high-pressure jet holes 53 are uniformly formed around the rod body of the piston rod 5, so that when water pressure is greater than compression elastic force of the spring 6, water flow pushes the piston rod 5 to axially slide, the toothed plate 52 slides to drive the rotating tooth 41 to rotate, the diameter-expanding drill wing 4 is turned over and opened, when the diameter-expanding drill wing 4 is completely opened, the head end of the piston core rod 5 abuts against the blocking rod 7, the tail end of the blocking rod 7 seals the water flow hole 2, and high-pressure water flows through the high-pressure jet holes 53 to be ejected; when the water pressure is less than the compression elastic force of the spring 6, the piston rod 5 is reset, the toothed plate 52 retracts to drive the rotating teeth 41 to rotate, so that the expanding drill wing 4 is turned over to reset, and low-pressure water enters the drill bit through the water flow through hole 2.
In the embodiment 1, the circumferential wall of the rod body 1 is uniformly provided with two assembling holes 3 communicated with the central through hole 2, the assembling holes 3 are respectively arranged at two sides of the circumference of the rod body 1, are symmetrical to each other and are communicated with the central through hole 2 in a straight line direction, the tail end of each assembling hole 3 is provided with a pin shaft 31, the pin shaft 31 is vertically arranged between the upper hole wall and the lower hole wall at the tail end of the assembling hole 3, and the end part of the expanding drill wing 4 is rotatably assembled in the assembling holes 3 through the pin shaft 31.
Example 2
The present embodiment is an improvement on the basis of embodiment 1, and the main structure thereof is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: as shown in fig. 6, the diameter-expanding drill wing 4 includes three integrally connected parts, namely a cylindrical end 42 for connection, a rectangular wing rod 43 as a main body and a trapezoidal cutting seat 44 for cutting, the diameter-expanding drill wing 4 needs to cut the coal seam wall in a working state, and needs to bear high torque caused by high-speed rotation of a drill rod and cutting of the coal seam wall, the strength and hardness of the diameter-expanding drill wing itself needs to be sufficiently high, the rectangular wing rod 43 as a main body can provide a basic guarantee for high torque bearing capacity, the rotary teeth 41 are uniformly distributed on the circumferential wall of the cylindrical end 42, and the cylindrical end 42 as a connecting end needs to have sufficient connecting strength, so that a cylindrical main body structure is adopted, a pin hole 45 matched with the pin 31 is arranged in the center of the cylindrical end 42, one end of the rectangular wing rod 43 is integrally connected on the circumferential wall of the cylindrical end 42, and the other end of the rectangular wing rod 43 is integrally connected with the wide base of the trapezoidal cutting seat 44, and a plurality of cutting alloy blocks 46 are uniformly arranged on the side walls of the rectangular wing rods 43 and the trapezoidal cutting seats 44 facing the drilling direction of the drilling hole along the length direction, the trapezoidal cutting seats 44 form a cutting tip at the end part of the expanding drill wing 4, and the cutting tip is matched with the cutting alloy blocks 46 assembled on the cutting tip to provide a structural foundation for cutting and reaming the coal seam wall.
Example 3
The present embodiment is an improvement on the basis of embodiment 2, and the main structure thereof is the same as that of embodiment 2, except that: the thickness of the trapezoid cutting seat 44 is smaller than that of the rectangular wing rod 43, so that a step-shaped notch A47 is formed between the trapezoid cutting seat 44 and the rectangular wing rod 43, the notch A47 is positioned at the back of the cutting alloy block 46, the end of the trapezoid cutting seat 44, which is positioned at the same side of the cutting alloy block 46, is provided with a notch B48 with a step-shaped structure, the notch A47 and the notch B48 are both provided with profile-adaptive alloy cutting blades 49, and the two side walls of the trapezoid cutting seat 44 are provided with a whole block of alloy cutting blades 49 on the other side wall in addition to the fact that one side wall is provided with the cutting alloy block 46, so that the two side walls of the trapezoid cutting seat 44 have cutting capability, and can be matched with the cutting and withdrawing action when the drill rod is occasionally overturned or the opening and closing action when the expanding drill wing 4 is occasionally caught by the coal bed wall, and the small block of the alloy cutting blades 49 in the notch B48 are basically in a square structure, and another purpose is to improve the wear resistance of the end of the trapezoidal cutting seat 44 while performing a cutting function.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the turnover angles of the diameter-expanding drill wings 4 are all in the range of 0-90 degrees, and when the diameter-expanding drill wings 4 are turned and expanded to the limit positions, the diameter-expanding drill wings 4 are vertical to the rod body 1.
Example 4
The present embodiment is an improvement on the basis of embodiment 1, and the main structure thereof is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: and a one-way valve 21 for water flow to pass through in one way is arranged at the position adjacent to the piston rod 5 at the tail end in the central through hole 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the check valve 21 includes a cylindrical valve seat fixedly installed in the central through hole 2, a sealing valve plate capable of sealing one end of the cylindrical valve seat, and a valve rod vertically connected to the center of one side of the sealing valve plate, a spring seat is arranged on the valve rod, a positioning seat is fixedly arranged at the position of the adjacent valve rod in the central through hole 2, a tension spring is arranged between the spring seat and the positioning seat, the tension spring is sleeved on the valve rod, under the condition that no water passes through, the tension spring in the tension state tensions the sealing valve plate, the end of the cylindrical valve seat is sealed, thereby sealing the central through hole 2, under the condition that water passes through, the sealing valve plate is flushed by water flow, the sealing of the end of the cylindrical valve seat is lost, the central through hole 2 is unblocked, and thereby forming the check valve 21.
The one-way valve 21 can prevent water mixed with coal slag flowing back into the central through hole 2 from flowing back into the rod body 1 from the assembly hole 3, and the water mixed with coal slag flows back into the drill rod through the female head 10, and the protection is realized.
Example 5
The present embodiment is an improvement on the basis of embodiment 1, and the main structure thereof is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the blocking rod 7 includes three parts, which are respectively a blocking tip 71 at the tail end, a cylindrical rod 72 in the middle, and an abutting seat 73 at the head end, the blocking tip 71 is a conical head integrally connected to the end of the cylindrical rod 72, the abutting seat 73 is a cylindrical barrel seat with one sealed end and one open end, the outer diameter of the abutting seat 73 matches with the inner diameter of the central hole of the male head 9, the center of the sealed end of the abutting seat 73 is integrally connected to the cylindrical rod 72, and a plurality of fan-shaped notches 74 are uniformly formed in the circumference of the abutting seat 73, so that the low-pressure water can flow out of the male head 9 through the fan-shaped notches 74; the cylindrical rod 72 has a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the flow passage 51 and the tapered head extends directly into the flow passage 51 to seal it.
Example 6
The present embodiment is an improvement on the basis of embodiment 1, and the main structure thereof is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: all be provided with on the pilot hole 3 tail end pore wall and lean on the piece 32 to support through leaning on the piece 32 formation when the upset of hole enlargement drill wing 4 is to the vertical state, lean on piece 32 and body of rod 1 integrated into one piece.
Example 7
The present embodiment is an improvement on the basis of embodiment 1, and the main structure thereof is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the circumferential wall of the rod body 1 adjacent to the assembling hole 3 is provided with a surface notch 8 with a fan-shaped vertical section along the length direction of the rod body 1, a step is formed between the edge of the surface notch 8 and the circumferential wall of the rod body 1, and the length of the surface notch 8 is slightly smaller than that of the rod body 1; the setting of surface breach 8 can improve the rotation chip removal ability of the body of rod 1 self, also can improve the anti moment of torsion ability of the body of rod 1 self to a certain extent simultaneously.
Example 8
The present embodiment is an improvement on the basis of embodiment 1, and the main structure thereof is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: as shown in fig. 5 and 8, the piston rod 5 includes three parts, namely a piston end cap 54 at the tail end, a piston core rod 55 in the middle, and a cylindrical piston 56 at the head end integrally connected to the end of the piston core rod 55, wherein the piston end cap 54 and the cylindrical piston 56 are both slidably and hermetically disposed in the central through hole 2, the piston end cap 54 and the cylindrical piston 56 are respectively arranged at two sides of the assembly hole 3, and the piston core rod 55 is disposed corresponding to the assembly hole 3.
The piston rod 5 can also be regarded as being composed of a piston core bar 55, a cylindrical piston 56 and a piston end cap 54 which are integrally connected, one end of the piston core bar 55 is arranged in the piston end cap 54 in a sliding and sealing mode, the piston core bar 55 and the piston end cap 54 can also realize independent relative sliding, the piston end cap 54 is designed in a split mode, so that a certain buffer gap allowance is formed in transmission connection between the piston core bar 55 and the piston end cap 54, the design mainly considers the requirement of gear transmission meshing between the toothed plate 52 on the piston core bar 55 and the rotary teeth 41, the tooth breaking phenomenon or the tooth beating phenomenon which is possibly caused by sudden excessive load in the gear transmission process is avoided, and the toothed plate 52 and the rotary teeth 41 are protected.
Example 9
This embodiment is an improvement on the basis of embodiment 8, and the main structure thereof is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: as shown in fig. 1, 5 and 8, the cylindrical piston 56 includes a cylindrical barrel and an end cap integrally connected to one end of the cylindrical barrel, the end cap is integrally connected to the piston core rod 55, the center of the end cap is provided with a water flow hole 2, a positioning plugging sleeve 57 is fixedly sleeved in the open end of the cylindrical barrel, and the inner diameter of the positioning plugging sleeve 57 matches with the outer diameter of the plugging rod 7.
The cylindrical piston 56 is used as a sliding piston at the head end of the piston core rod 55, and mainly has the main function of matching the piston core rod 55 to enable the piston core rod to slide in the central through hole 2, and considering the through-hole in the central through hole 2, the cylindrical piston 56 adopts a cylindrical structure, only in order to match with the plugging rod 7, a positioning plugging sleeve 57 is fixedly sleeved in the cylindrical piston 56, the inner diameter of the positioning plugging sleeve 57 is consistent with the outer diameter of the plugging rod 7, after the piston core rod 55 axially slides to the plugging rod 7, the plugging rod 7 enters the positioning plugging sleeve 57, meanwhile, the end part is in abutting seal with the outlet of the water through hole 51, so that two seals are formed at the end part of the piston core rod 55 under the high-pressure water state, one seal is in abutting seal between the end part of the plugging rod 7 and the water through hole 51, and the other seal is in sliding seal between the rod body of the plugging rod 7 and the positioning plugging sleeve 57.
Example 10
This embodiment is an improvement on the basis of embodiment 8, and the main structure thereof is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: as shown in fig. 5 and 8, the piston core rod 55 is a rod body with a rectangular structure, so that the rod body at the central position of the piston rod 5 is in a rectangular structure, the toothed plate 52 is arranged at the tail end of the piston core rod 55, the high-pressure jet holes 53 are uniformly distributed on four wall surfaces of the piston core rod 55, a gap is formed between the periphery of the piston core rod 55 and the central through hole 2, two side walls of the piston core rod 55 are arranged corresponding to the assembling holes 3, and the other two side walls face the inner wall of the central through hole 2.
The piston core rod 55 is used as a core component of the piston rod 5, two core functions of the whole device, namely transmission turning of the expanding drill wing and high-pressure jet of water conservancy jet, are borne on the shoulder of the piston core rod 55, the piston core rod 55 is arranged into a rectangular rod body, and the piston core rod mainly has the following advantages and functions:
1) on one hand, if the piston core bar 55 with the rectangular structure is provided with the gear, the gear can be set as the toothed plate 52 with the planar structure, so that the toothed plate 52 with the planar structure and the rotating teeth 41 at the end part of the diameter-expanding drill wing 4 can form a maximum effective meshing surface, and the meshing area of the toothed plate 52 and the rotating teeth 41 is increased as much as possible, so that the meshing transmission between the toothed plate 52 and the rotating teeth 41 achieves optimal stability and high efficiency, further, the gear transmission structure of the toothed plate 52 and the rotating teeth 41 can bear local vibration or rotation of the diameter-expanding drill wing 4 under the condition of high variable torque, and meanwhile, the piston core bar 55 with the rectangular structure is more convenient for processing the toothed plate 52 with the planar structure;
2) on one hand, as mentioned above, the expanding drill wing 4 needs to bear a constantly changing high torque in a working state, the piston core rod 55 with a rectangular structure has a stronger torque resistance capability, can bear a high torque load brought by a larger expanding drill wing, and can support and meet the expanding action of the expanding drill wing with a larger torque load;
3) the piston core rod 55 with the rectangular structure has the advantages that the high-pressure jet holes 53 on the piston core rod 55 can only be uniformly distributed on four wall surfaces along the length direction, and the rectangular structure of the piston core rod 55 ensures that uniform gaps are formed between the piston core rod 55 and the circumference of the inner wall of the central through hole 2, so that the high-pressure jet holes 53 on the piston core rod 55 not only perform high-pressure water jet punching towards the assembly hole 3 to the coal seam wall, but also perform high-pressure water jet towards two surfaces of the inner wall of the central through hole 2 correspondingly, and the high-pressure jet water can directly impact the inner wall of the central through hole 2, thereby ensuring that coal cinder chips falling in the composite reaming process of the expanding drill wing 4 and the high-pressure water jet can be flushed out by the high-pressure jet water for the first time even if entering the gaps in the rod body 1, and ensuring that the transmission engagement matching of all parts in the rod body 1 cannot be influenced by the falling coal cinder, the rod body 1 is very effective in protecting various parts in the rod body.
4) In addition, the other purpose of distributing high-pressure jet holes around the piston core rod 55 with a rectangular structure is to balance the stress on the piston core rod 55 in the circumferential direction, so that the reaction force of high-pressure jet water on the piston core rod 55 in the circumferential direction can reach a balance, and under the condition that the rod body 1 rotates at a high speed, the conditions that the piston core rod 55 is unstable in connection and assembly with other components or shakes, shakes or shakes and the like due to unstable circumferential stress in the high-pressure jet process are avoided.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a compound hole enlargement and cave building device of colliery deep hole in pit, sets up between drilling rod and drill bit, including a body of rod (1) that has central through-hole (2), body of rod (1) head end and tail end are provided with public head (9) and female head (10) respectively, its characterized in that: a plurality of assembling holes (3) communicated with the central through hole (2) are uniformly formed in the circumferential wall of the rod body (1), expanding drill wings (4) capable of being turned and opened relative to the rod body are arranged in the assembling holes (3), the switching ends of the expanding drill wings (4) are provided with the circumferential wall, and rotating teeth (41) are uniformly arranged on the circumferential wall;
a piston rod (5), a spring (6) and a plugging rod (7) are sequentially arranged in the central through hole (2) from the tail end to the head end, a water flow through hole (51) is formed in the piston rod (5), the piston rod (5) is arranged in the central through hole (2) in a sliding sealing mode, the head end of the plugging rod (7) is fixedly abutted against an inner cavity of the male head (9), the tail end of the plugging rod is arranged towards the water flow through hole (2), the head end of the spring (6) is sleeved on the plugging rod (7), and the tail end of the spring is abutted against the head end of the piston rod (5);
the water flow blocking device is characterized in that toothed plates (52) meshed with the rotary teeth (41) are arranged on rod bodies of the piston rods (5) corresponding to the rotary teeth (41), a plurality of high-pressure jet holes (53) are uniformly formed in the periphery of the rod bodies of the piston rods (5), so that when water pressure is greater than compression elasticity of the springs (6), water flow pushes the piston rods (5) to axially slide, the toothed plates (52) slide to drive the rotary teeth (41) to rotate, the expanding drill wings (4) are turned and opened, when the expanding drill wings (4) are completely opened, the head ends of piston core rods (5) abut against the blocking rods (7), the tail ends of the blocking rods (7) seal water flow holes (2), and high-pressure water flows through the high-pressure jet holes (53) to be ejected; when the water pressure is smaller than the compression elasticity of the spring (6), the piston rod (5) resets, the toothed plate (52) retracts to drive the rotating teeth (41) to rotate, so that the expanding drill wing (4) is turned over to reset, and low-pressure water enters the drill bit through the water flow through hole (2).
2. The underground coal mine deep hole composite diameter-expanding and cave-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hole drilling device is characterized in that two assembling holes (3) communicated with the central through hole (2) are uniformly formed in the circumferential wall of the rod body (1), a pin shaft (31) is arranged at the tail end of each assembling hole (3), and the end part of the expanding drill wing (4) is rotatably assembled in each assembling hole (3) through the pin shaft (31).
3. The underground coal mine deep hole composite diameter-expanding and cave-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the expanding drill wing (4) comprises three parts which are integrally connected, namely a cylindrical end (42) used for connection, a rectangular wing rod (43) used as a main body and a trapezoidal cutting seat (44) used for cutting, wherein rotating teeth (41) are uniformly distributed on the circumferential wall of the cylindrical end (42), a pin hole (45) matched with a pin shaft (31) is formed in the center of the cylindrical end (42), one end of the rectangular wing rod (43) is integrally connected on the circumferential wall of the cylindrical end (42), the other end of the rectangular wing rod (43) is integrally connected with a wide-face base of the trapezoidal cutting seat (44), and a plurality of cutting alloy blocks (46) are uniformly arranged on the side wall, facing the drilling direction, of the rectangular wing rod (43) and the trapezoidal cutting seat (44) along the length direction.
4. The underground coal mine deep hole composite diameter-expanding and cave-making device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the thickness of the trapezoid cutting seat (44) is smaller than that of the rectangular wing rod (43), so that a step-shaped notch A (47) is formed in front of the trapezoid cutting seat (44) and the rectangular wing rod (43), the notch A (47) is located on the back face of the cutting alloy block (46), a notch B (48) of a step-shaped structure is formed in the end portion, located on the same side of the cutting alloy block (46), of the trapezoid cutting seat (44), and alloy cutting knives (49) with matched shapes are assembled in the notch A (47) and the notch B (48).
5. The underground coal mine deep hole composite diameter-expanding and cave-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the turnover angle of the diameter-expanding drill wing (4) is within the range of 0-90 degrees, and when the diameter-expanding drill wing (4) is turned and expanded to the limit position, the diameter-expanding drill wing (4) is vertical to the rod body (1).
6. The underground coal mine deep hole composite diameter-expanding and cave-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a one-way valve (21) for water flow to pass through in a one-way is arranged at the position of the tail end of the central through hole (2) adjacent to the piston rod (5).
7. The underground coal mine deep hole composite diameter-expanding and cave-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blocking rod (7) comprises three parts, namely a blocking tip (71) positioned at the tail end, a cylindrical rod (72) positioned in the middle and a supporting seat (73) positioned at the head end, wherein the blocking tip (71) is integrally connected with a conical head at the end part of the cylindrical rod (72), the supporting seat (73) is a cylindrical barrel seat with one sealed end and one open end, the outer diameter of the supporting seat (73) is matched with the inner diameter of a central hole of a male head (9), the center of the sealed end of the supporting seat (73) is integrally connected with the cylindrical rod (72), and a plurality of fan-shaped notches (74) are uniformly formed in the circumference of the supporting seat (73) so that low-pressure water can flow out of the male head (9) through the fan-shaped notches (74).
8. The underground coal mine deep hole composite diameter-expanding and cave-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the wall of the tail end hole of the assembly hole (3) is provided with a propping block (32) so as to form propping support through the propping block (32) when the expanding drill wing (4) is turned to a vertical state.
9. The underground coal mine deep hole composite diameter-expanding and cave-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: all set up vertical section and be sectorial surface breach (8) along body of rod (1) length direction on the circumference wall of the adjacent pilot hole (3) of the body of rod (1), form the step between the border of surface breach (8) and the circumference wall of the body of rod (1), the length of surface breach (8) is less than the length of the body of rod (1) slightly.
10. The underground coal mine deep hole composite diameter-expanding and cave-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rod body in the center of the piston rod (5) is of a rectangular structure.
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