CN113443933A - Intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting system and method for polymer nano-film - Google Patents
Intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting system and method for polymer nano-film Download PDFInfo
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- CN113443933A CN113443933A CN202011231299.3A CN202011231299A CN113443933A CN 113443933 A CN113443933 A CN 113443933A CN 202011231299 A CN202011231299 A CN 202011231299A CN 113443933 A CN113443933 A CN 113443933A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/993—Arrangements for measuring process parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure or humidity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting system and method for a polymer nano-film; the system comprises: the system comprises a PC terminal, an intelligent master control system, a sensing system, a film coating system, a wind control system and a fermentation reactor system; the intelligent master control system is respectively connected with the PC end, the sensing system, the wind control system and the external equipment; one end of the film covering system is connected with the sensing system, and the other end of the film covering system is connected with the fermentation system; the invention also relates to an intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting method of the polymer nano-film, which is a key factor influencing the final fermentation effect on the use and control of the fermentation complex microbial inoculum in the system, the structure selection of the polymer nano-film and the operation control of a fermentation control system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fermented compost; in particular to a high-molecular nano-film intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting system and a method.
Background
With the development of modern agriculture, the problem of rural environmental pollution is increasingly prominent, the harm of the pollution exceeds industrial pollution, and the efficient treatment of a system is urgently needed. The main sources of rural environmental pollution are: pollution of breeding waste water, pollution of breeding excrement, pollution of rural solid wastes, pollution of excessive fertilizer in farmlands, pesticide pollution and the like. Excrement and urine and liquid dung contain a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms and diseases and insects and generate odor, harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and the like are generated in the self fermentation process to directly cause air pollution, meanwhile, the excrement and liquid dung are applied to soil to cause farmland pollution, and direct threat is formed on the safety of human bodies and livestock and poultry along with food chains. The rural environmental pollution source regulation work is imperative, and how to scientifically and effectively solve the pollution problem of rural areas, agriculture and farmlands becomes urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting system and method for a high-molecular nano-film.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention relates to an intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting system for a polymer nano-film, which comprises: the system comprises a PC terminal, an intelligent master control system, a sensing system, a film coating system, a wind control system and a fermentation reactor system;
the intelligent master control system is respectively connected with the PC end, the sensing system, the wind control system and the external equipment; one end of the film covering system is connected with the sensing system, and the other end of the film covering system is connected with the fermentation pile system; the wind control system is provided with a variable frequency motor and a flow meter, wherein the flow meter is provided with a ventilation pipeline.
Preferably, the sensing system comprises: oxygen equipment, pressure equipment, temperature equipment and humidity equipment.
In a second aspect, the invention also relates to a method for intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting of the polymer nano-film, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, batching;
step 2, composting and fermenting;
and 3, aging, detecting and packaging.
Preferably, in step 1, the ingredients are specifically:
firstly, carrying out organic matter test, inorganic nutrient test, heavy metal test, antibiotic test, moisture test and pH value test on the solid mixed organic waste;
crushing the solid mixed organic material; ensuring that the granularity in the mixed material meets the fermentation requirement;
mixing the materials uniformly according to the proportion, and adjusting the mixed materials to fermentation conditions to obtain a mixed material A; mixing livestock manure or municipal sludge with crop straws, wherein the livestock manure or the municipal sludge accounts for 70% of the mixed material by mass, and the crop straws accounts for 30% of the mixed material by mass.
Uniformly spraying the efficient compound microbial agent developed by Jilin province academy of agricultural sciences onto the solid organic material according to the using proportion to obtain a mixed material B, wherein the mass ratio of the efficient compound microbial agent to the solid organic material is 3000: 1;
preferably, in step 2, the compost fermentation is specifically:
firstly, transferring the mixed material B to a hardened wide field to prepare a fermentation pile body, and customizing the length, the width and the height of the fermentation pile body according to field conditions;
an air supply pipeline is arranged in the fermentation stack body, and forms an automatic control system with the PC end, the intelligent master control system, the sensing system, the film covering system and the wind control system in the claim 1;
thirdly, after the temperature of the whole pile body is raised uniformly, covering a high molecular nano film (a film covering system) on the fermentation pile body, and fermenting; the film covering system is formed by compounding three layers of structures, wherein the middle layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene as a core material, and the upper layer and the lower layer are made of polyester fiber materials.
The periphery of the film is compacted to form an air bin, and the film has the functions of ventilation, moisture permeability, deodorization and heat preservation, can ensure that the water vapor of the stack body is quickly volatilized, and simultaneously maintains certain humidity and temperature of the stack body; the fermentation period in northern areas is generally 4-6 weeks.
Preferably, in step 3, the aging, detecting and packaging specifically comprises:
after fermentation is finished, the fermentation pile is placed for at least 2 weeks, the fermentation pile is turned over at regular intervals of 2 weeks to ensure full aging, product parameters such as water, total nutrients and organic matters of the product are detected after aging, and the product is packaged and taken out of the warehouse as required.
The invention relates to a high-molecular nano-film intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting system, which utilizes a high-temperature aerobic fermentation linkage technology to realize high-pressure gas exchange oxygen supply and multi-factor intelligent linkage, effectively controls the microbial activity and ammonia volatilization in a compost, prevents odor diffusion of organic wastes, reduces the water content of materials and shortens the composting period. The technology realizes the high-efficiency and low-cost harmless treatment and resource utilization of organic wastes such as livestock and poultry manure, municipal sludge and the like.
The invention relates to an intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting method of a polymer nano-film, which can be used for preparing a high-molecular nano-film by fermenting the polymer nano-film according to different climatic conditions, fields, different types of solid organic wastes and final requirements of customers on fermentation products, the compound microbial agent (the high-efficiency compound microbial agent consists of photosynthetic bacteria flora, lactic acid bacteria flora, yeast bacteria flora, gram-positive actinomycetes flora and filamentous bacteria flora of zymophytes) is screened in a targeted manner, the structure and the specification of the high-molecular nano-film (the high-molecular nano-film is formed by compounding three layers, the middle layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene as a core material, and the upper layer and the lower layer are made of polyester fiber materials) can be adjusted in a targeted manner, thereby meeting the requirements of adjusting the length of the high-temperature period of the compost, controlling the moisture of the product, decomposing degree of the product, killing rate of harmful bacteria of the product and the like and ensuring wide applicability of the high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting technology. The invention relates to an intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting method for a polymer nano-film, which is a key factor influencing the final fermentation effect on the use and control of a fermentation complex microbial inoculum in a system, the structure selection of the polymer nano-film and the operation control of a fermentation control system.
The fermentation period in the northern cold area is controlled to be 4-6 weeks; the water content of the fermented stack can reach within 40 percent, and the total cost of fermentation operation is over 50 percent lower than that of the traditional treatment method.
The invention has the following advantages:
the investment is less: the compost produced by the technology does not need building a factory building and a shed, only needs field hardening, can be compatible with the existing infrastructure of the current mainstream trough type and strip stack type compost, and has the service life of 8-10 years;
② environmental protection and no odor: the polymer nano film (a commercially available product, and a Qingdao Itanium technology Co., Ltd.) applied by the technology has the functions of water resistance, moisture permeability, sterilization, deodorization and the like, has little influence on the surrounding environment, does not overflow odor, and does not need to carry odor collecting and processing equipment;
the application range is wide: the large scale and the small scale can be effectively treated, and the method is suitable for large-scale farms, breeding cooperative agencies or sludge centralized treatment centers and the like in temperature areas above-30 ℃;
fourthly, the operation cost is low: the whole process of fermenting 1 ton of organic fertilizer only needs 2 degrees of electricity, and the total cost of 1 ton is less than 20 yuan;
time and labor are saved: the pile is designed in a modular mode, is flexible and movable, can be installed within 1 week, is turned and thrown for 1 time only when the pile is built, and does not need to be turned frequently;
sixthly, labor saving: the operation is simple, the remote intelligent control of the Internet of things equipment is connected through the sensor, and the monitoring can be carried out for 24 hours on a mobile phone or a computer;
the composting efficiency is high: the livestock and poultry manure is fermented into organic fertilizer in 15-20 days, and the municipal sludge is fermented into organic fertilizer in 30-40 days.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural framework diagram of a high-molecular nano-film intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting system according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow chart of the intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting method of the polymer nano-film.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Examples
The embodiment relates to an intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting system of a polymer nano-film, the structure of which is shown in figure 1: the system comprises: the system comprises a PC terminal, an intelligent master control system, a sensing system, a film coating system, a wind control system and a fermentation reactor system;
the intelligent master control system is respectively connected with the PC end, the sensing system, the wind control system and the external equipment; one end of the film covering system is connected with the sensing system, and the other end of the film covering system is connected with the fermentation pile system; the wind control system is provided with a variable frequency motor and a flow meter, wherein the flow meter is provided with a ventilation pipeline.
Preferably, the sensing system comprises: oxygen equipment, pressure equipment, temperature equipment and humidity equipment.
The embodiment also relates to a method for intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting of the polymer nano-film, and the process flow is shown in figure 2: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, batching;
step 2, composting and fermenting;
and 3, aging, detecting and packaging.
In the step 1, the ingredients are specifically:
firstly, carrying out organic matter test, inorganic nutrient test, heavy metal test, antibiotic test, moisture test and pH value test on the solid mixed organic waste;
crushing the solid mixed organic material; ensuring that the granularity in the mixed material meets the fermentation requirement;
mixing the materials uniformly according to the proportion, and adjusting the mixed materials to fermentation conditions to obtain a mixed material A; mixing livestock manure or municipal sludge with crop straws, wherein the livestock manure or the municipal sludge accounts for 70% of the mixed material by mass, and the crop straws accounts for 30% of the mixed material by mass.
Uniformly spraying the efficient compound microbial agent developed by Jilin province academy of agricultural sciences onto the solid organic material according to the using proportion to obtain a mixed material B, wherein the mass ratio of the efficient compound microbial agent to the solid organic material is 3000: 1; in the step 2, the compost fermentation specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, transferring the mixed material B to a hardened wide field to prepare a fermentation pile body, and customizing the length, the width and the height of the fermentation pile body according to field conditions;
an air supply pipeline is arranged in the fermentation stack body, and forms an automatic control system with the PC end, the intelligent master control system, the sensing system, the film covering system and the wind control system in the claim 1;
thirdly, after the temperature of the whole pile body is raised uniformly, covering a high molecular nano film (a film covering system) on the fermentation pile body, and fermenting; the film covering system is formed by compounding three layers of structures, wherein the middle layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene as a core material, and the upper layer and the lower layer are made of polyester fiber materials.
The periphery of the film is compacted to form an air bin, and the film has the functions of ventilation, moisture permeability, deodorization and heat preservation, can ensure that the water vapor of the stack body is quickly volatilized, and simultaneously maintains certain humidity and temperature of the stack body; the fermentation period in northern areas is generally 4-6 weeks.
In step 3, the aging, detecting and packaging specifically comprises the following steps:
after fermentation is finished, the fermentation pile is placed for at least 2 weeks, the fermentation pile is turned over at regular intervals of 2 weeks to ensure full aging, product parameters such as water, total nutrients and organic matters of the product are detected after aging, and the product is packaged and taken out of the warehouse as required.
The invention relates to a high-molecular nano-film intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting system, which utilizes a high-temperature aerobic fermentation linkage technology to realize high-pressure gas exchange oxygen supply and multi-factor intelligent linkage, effectively controls the microbial activity and ammonia volatilization in a compost, prevents odor diffusion of organic wastes, reduces the water content of materials and shortens the composting period. The technology realizes the high-efficiency and low-cost harmless treatment and resource utilization of organic wastes such as livestock and poultry manure, municipal sludge and the like.
The invention relates to an intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting method of a polymer nano-film, which can be used for preparing a high-molecular nano-film by fermenting the polymer nano-film according to different climatic conditions, fields, different types of solid organic wastes and final requirements of customers on fermentation products, the compound microbial agent (the high-efficiency compound microbial agent consists of photosynthetic bacteria flora, lactic acid bacteria flora, yeast bacteria flora, gram-positive actinomycetes flora and filamentous bacteria flora of zymophytes) is screened in a targeted manner, the structure and the specification of the high-molecular nano-film (the high-molecular nano-film is formed by compounding three layers, the middle layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene as a core material, and the upper layer and the lower layer are made of polyester fiber materials) can be adjusted in a targeted manner, thereby meeting the requirements of adjusting the length of the high-temperature period of the compost, controlling the moisture of the product, decomposing degree of the product, killing rate of harmful bacteria of the product and the like and ensuring wide applicability of the high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting technology. The invention relates to an intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting method for a polymer nano-film, which is a key factor influencing the final fermentation effect on the use and control of a fermentation complex microbial inoculum in a system, the structure selection of the polymer nano-film and the operation control of a fermentation control system.
The fermentation period in the northern cold area is controlled to be 4-6 weeks; the water content of the fermented stack can reach within 40 percent, and the total cost of fermentation operation is over 50 percent lower than that of the traditional treatment method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the investment is less: the compost produced by the technology does not need building a factory building and a shed, only needs field hardening, can be compatible with the existing infrastructure of the current mainstream trough type and strip stack type compost, and has the service life of 8-10 years;
② environmental protection and no odor: the polymer nano film (a commercially available product, and a Qingdao Itanium technology Co., Ltd.) applied by the technology has the functions of water resistance, moisture permeability, sterilization, deodorization and the like, has little influence on the surrounding environment, does not overflow odor, and does not need to carry odor collecting and processing equipment;
the application range is wide: the large scale and the small scale can be effectively treated, and the method is suitable for large-scale farms, breeding cooperative agencies or sludge centralized treatment centers and the like in temperature areas above-30 ℃;
fourthly, the operation cost is low: the whole process of fermenting 1 ton of organic fertilizer only needs 2 degrees of electricity, and the total cost of 1 ton is less than 20 yuan;
time and labor are saved: the pile is designed in a modular mode, is flexible and movable, can be installed within 1 week, is turned and thrown for 1 time only when the pile is built, and does not need to be turned frequently;
sixthly, labor saving: the operation is simple, the remote intelligent control of the Internet of things equipment is connected through the sensor, and the monitoring can be carried out for 24 hours on a mobile phone or a computer;
the composting efficiency is high: fermenting livestock and poultry feces into organic fertilizer in 15-20 days, and fermenting municipal sludge into organic fertilizer in 30-40 days
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. An intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting system of a polymer nano-film is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a PC terminal, an intelligent master control system, a sensing system, a film coating system, a wind control system and a fermentation reactor system;
the intelligent master control system is respectively connected with the PC end, the sensing system, the wind control system and the external equipment; one end of the film covering system is connected with the sensing system, and the other end of the film covering system is connected with the fermentation pile system; the wind control system is provided with a variable frequency motor and a flow meter, wherein the flow meter is provided with a ventilation pipeline.
2. The intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermented composting system of polymer nano-film as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensing system comprises: oxygen equipment, pressure equipment, temperature equipment and humidity equipment.
3. An intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting method of a high-molecular nano-film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, batching;
step 2, composting and fermenting;
and 3, aging, detecting and packaging.
4. The intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting method of polymer nano-film as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the ingredients are:
firstly, carrying out organic matter test, inorganic nutrient test, heavy metal test, antibiotic test, moisture test and pH value test on the solid mixed organic waste;
crushing the solid mixed organic material;
mixing the materials uniformly according to the proportion, and adjusting the mixed materials to fermentation conditions to obtain a mixed material A; wherein the mixed material is a mixed material of livestock manure or municipal sludge and crop straws, wherein the weight percentage of the livestock manure or the municipal sludge is 70%, and the weight percentage of the crop straws is 30%;
and fourthly, uniformly spraying the efficient compound microbial agent developed by Jilin province academy of agricultural sciences onto the solid organic material according to the using proportion to obtain a mixed material B, wherein the weight ratio of the efficient compound microbial agent to the solid organic material is 3000: 1.
5. The method for intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting of polymer nano-films as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, the composting fermentation specifically comprises:
firstly, transferring the mixed material B to a hardened wide field to prepare a fermentation pile body, and customizing the length, the width and the height of the fermentation pile body according to field conditions;
an air supply pipeline is arranged in the fermentation stack body, and forms an automatic control system with the PC end, the intelligent master control system, the sensing system, the film covering system and the wind control system in the claim 1;
and thirdly, after the temperature of the whole stack body is raised uniformly, covering a film covering system on the fermentation stack body, and fermenting, wherein the film covering system is formed by compounding three layers, the middle layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene as a core material, and the upper layer and the lower layer are made of polyester fiber materials.
6. The method for intelligent high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting of polymer nano-film as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, the aging, detecting and packaging specifically comprises: after fermentation is finished, the fermentation pile is placed for at least 2 weeks, turnover is carried out every 2 weeks to ensure full aging, product parameters such as water, total nutrients and organic matters of the product are detected after aging, and the product is packaged and taken out of the warehouse as required.
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| CN105967780A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-28 | 哈尔滨亿之隆生物科技开发有限公司 | Technical method for producing organic fertilizer by using solid waste in septic tank |
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| CN110092678A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-08-06 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所 | A kind of production method preparing biological organic fertilizer and biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer using agricultural wastes |
| CN110317091A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-10-11 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of film covering aerobic composting system and its application method suitable for intermittent feeding |
| CN110639359A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2020-01-03 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Intelligent membrane covering biological deodorization system |
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2020
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105967780A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-28 | 哈尔滨亿之隆生物科技开发有限公司 | Technical method for producing organic fertilizer by using solid waste in septic tank |
| CN106892690A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-06-27 | 湖北生态工程职业技术学院 | Sewage treatment plant's domestic sludge compost method of disposal |
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| CN109928791A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-06-25 | 厦门理工学院 | A kind of sludge composting method and organic fertilizer |
| CN110317091A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-10-11 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of film covering aerobic composting system and its application method suitable for intermittent feeding |
| CN110639359A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2020-01-03 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Intelligent membrane covering biological deodorization system |
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Application publication date: 20210928 |