CN217191603U - Agricultural waste aerobic fermentation device - Google Patents
Agricultural waste aerobic fermentation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN217191603U CN217191603U CN202220325843.9U CN202220325843U CN217191603U CN 217191603 U CN217191603 U CN 217191603U CN 202220325843 U CN202220325843 U CN 202220325843U CN 217191603 U CN217191603 U CN 217191603U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an agricultural waste aerobic fermentation device, which comprises a main body part, an air inlet part, an exhaust part, a heat preservation part and a temperature monitoring part. The utility model adopts the mode of 'natural ventilation and timing exhaust' to replace the aeration and stirring equipment of the conventional aerobic fermentation device, thereby effectively reducing the equipment investment and the operation cost. Meanwhile, an exhaust system with time control is adopted, the exhaust period is controlled more scientifically, unnecessary moisture and gas in the fermentation process are effectively discharged, too much heat is prevented from being taken away, the fermentation efficiency is improved, and the material decomposition effect is better.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fermentation technical field especially relates to an aerobic fermentation device of agricultural discarded object.
Background
China is the earliest beginning to develop agriculture in the world and is one of the largest agricultural countries in the world. With the pace of agricultural modernization and urbanization in rural areas accelerating, the production of agricultural wastes is increasing day by day. According to the components, the agricultural wastes are mainly divided into plant fibrous wastes such as straws and the like and animal manure. China produces a large amount of straws and livestock and poultry manure every year, and the yield is increased linearly. Because of improper treatment of agricultural wastes, a large amount of straws are burnt, and a large amount of livestock and poultry manure containing harmful substances is discarded or directly applied to farmlands or flushed into water, so that not only is serious environmental pollution caused, but also the health of people and livestock is greatly threatened. In fact, the straws and the livestock and poultry manure contain rich nutrients and are valuable renewable biomass resources. The resource utilization of agricultural wastes is important content for treating agricultural non-point source pollution, saving energy, reducing emission, protecting ecological environment and realizing sustainable development.
Aerobic fermentation is a main resource utilization way of agricultural wastes such as straws, livestock and poultry manure and the like. The aerobic fermentation is a process of performing biodegradation on organic matters by utilizing inherent flora of materials or by means of exogenous microbial agents to enable the organic matters to reach a stable humus state and then applying the organic matters to soil conditioners and organic fertilizers. The aerobic fermentation can adopt two modes of direct composting and aerobic fermentation devices. The direct composting method can cause the diffusion of harmful gases, and the heat during fermentation is easy to lose, thereby causing the long fermentation time and the unsatisfactory fermentation effect. The aerobic fermentation device places the materials in a closed container, and the materials are biodegraded and reduced, harmless and recycled by controlling the ventilation and moisture conditions. At present, aerobic fermentation devices in the market have a series of problems of complex structure, high investment, large energy consumption and the like, so the demand for developing an agricultural waste aerobic fermentation device which is reasonable in structure, good in fermentation effect, energy-saving and environment-friendly is increasingly urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide an agricultural discarded object fermenting installation to prior art demand. The aerobic fermentation device is light and handy, has high fermentation efficiency, can monitor the temperature in real time, and can effectively prevent heat loss and harmful gas diffusion.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an agricultural waste aerobic fermentation's device which characterized in that: comprises a main body part, an air inlet part, an air outlet part, a heat preservation part and a temperature monitoring part;
wherein the cylinder 1 of the main body part is made of PP (polypropylene); the top of the cylinder is provided with an outward extending part which is connected with the top cover 2 through a flange gasket and a bolt, the bottom of the cylinder is provided with three bottom support legs 11, the bottom support legs are formed by right-angled grooves which are cut upwards from the cylinder, and the top cover is provided with three circular openings which are respectively connected with a central exhaust port 6, an air suction pump 8 and a temperature sensor 7;
the air inlet part consists of a porous bottom plate 5 and a bottom plate support 3, the porous bottom plate 5 is a porous circular plate made of PP (polypropylene), round holes are uniformly distributed, the aperture is 10mm, and the hole spacing is 50 mm; the bottom plate support 3 is of a cylindrical solid structure, one end of the bottom plate support is connected with the bottom porous bottom plate 5, and the other end of the bottom plate support is connected with the ground, so that the reaction device is supported and the porous baffle plate is prevented from deforming;
the exhaust part consists of a central exhaust port 6, an electric valve 10, an air suction pump 8 and a time control switch 9, wherein the inner diameter of the central exhaust port 6 is 100mm, and the height of the central exhaust port is 200 mm; an electric valve 10 for controlling opening and closing is arranged on the central exhaust port; the time control switch 9 controls the starting and stopping of the air pump 8 and the opening and closing of the central exhaust port 6, and the central exhaust port is closed during the running period of the air pump; the water vapor generated during fermentation is discharged from the exhaust part, so that the water content of the fermented material is reduced, and the material is decomposed;
the heat preservation part 4 is formed by heat preservation cotton wrapped outside the cylinder of the main body part and tinfoil wrapped outside the heat preservation cotton, heat loss during fermentation is reduced by the heat preservation part, the fermentation temperature is guaranteed, and the fermentation efficiency is improved;
the temperature monitoring part is a radial temperature sensor 7 with a probe rod, and the probe rod can go deep into the material to monitor the temperature of the aerobic fermentation material in real time.
The utility model further discloses an application method of the agricultural waste aerobic fermentation device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) opening the top cover 2, and filling cow dung, straws or mixed materials into the cylinder 1;
(2) tightly connecting the flange and the top cover by using bolts;
(3) setting a time control switch 9;
(4) inserting a probe rod of a temperature sensor 7 into the material in the device from an opening of the top cover, and monitoring the fermentation temperature of the material at regular time;
(5) when the temperature of the stack is equal to or higher than 50 ℃ and lasts for at least 10 days, the fermentation is completed, and the materials are discharged.
The utility model discloses also disclose the application of agricultural discarded object aerobic fermentation device in the aspect of being used for effectively preventing heat loss and harmful gas diffusion simultaneously. Experimental results show that the novel device effectively controls heat loss, plays a role in energy conservation and consumption reduction, and can better control the diffusion of malodorous gas through active and regular ventilation.
The utility model discloses more detailed description is as follows:
the utility model provides an agricultural waste aerobic fermentation's device which characterized in that: the temperature monitoring device comprises a main body part, an air inlet part, an air outlet part, a heat preservation part and a temperature monitoring part.
The main body part is a cylinder made of PP (polypropylene); the cylinder top has an outward extending part connected with the top cover 2 through a flange gasket and a bolt, the bottom of the cylinder is provided with three bottom support legs 11, and the bottom support legs are formed by right-angled grooves cut upwards from the cylinder. The top cover is provided with three circular openings which are respectively connected with a central exhaust port 6, an air pump 8 and a temperature sensor 7.
The air inlet part consists of a porous bottom plate 5 and a bottom plate support 3, the porous bottom plate is a porous circular plate made of the same material as the main body device, the circular holes are uniformly distributed, the aperture is 10mm, and the hole spacing is 50 mm; the bottom plate support 3 is of a cylindrical solid structure, one end of the bottom plate support is connected with the bottom porous baffle, and the other end of the bottom plate support is connected with the ground, so that the reaction device is supported and the porous baffle is prevented from deforming;
the exhaust part consists of a central exhaust port 6, an electric valve 10, an air suction pump 8 and a time control switch 9. The inner diameter of the central exhaust port is 100mm, and the height of the central exhaust port is 200 mm; an electric valve for controlling opening and closing is arranged on the central exhaust port; the time control switch controls the starting and stopping of the air suction pump and the opening and closing of the central air outlet, and the central air outlet is closed during the running period of the air suction pump; the water vapor generated during fermentation is discharged from the exhaust part, so that the water content of the fermented material is reduced, and the material is decomposed;
the heat preservation part is composed of heat preservation cotton wrapped outside the main body device and tinfoil wrapped outside the heat preservation cotton, heat loss during fermentation is reduced by the heat preservation part, the fermentation temperature is guaranteed, and the fermentation efficiency is improved;
the temperature monitoring part is a radial temperature sensor 7 with a probe rod, and the probe rod can go deep into the material to monitor the temperature of the aerobic fermentation material in real time.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
(1) Opening the top cover 2, and filling cow dung, straws or mixed materials into the device main body 1;
(2) tightly connecting the flange and the top cover by using bolts;
(3) setting a time control switch 9;
(4) inserting a probe rod of a temperature sensor 7 into the material in the device from an opening of a top cover, and monitoring the fermentation temperature of the material at regular time;
(5) when the temperature of the reactor is not less than 50 ℃, the fermentation is finished and the material is discharged when the temperature lasts for at least 10 days.
The utility model discloses mainly solved the too high and unordered problem of emission influence environment of foul gas of agricultural discarded object aerobic fermentation energy consumption, investigated mainly that fermenting installation is passive oxygen uptake and initiative exhaust law, main difficult point lies in process control and reasonable heat preservation.
The utility model discloses an aerobic fermentation device of agricultural discarded object compares positive effect that has with prior art and is:
(1) the aerobic fermentation device for agricultural wastes simplifies the structure of the conventional aerobic fermentation device, has light and handy whole equipment and high fermentation efficiency, can monitor the temperature in real time, and can effectively prevent heat loss and harmful gas diffusion;
(2) the agricultural waste aerobic fermentation device provided by the utility model adopts the mode of 'natural ventilation and timed exhaust' to replace the aeration and stirring equipment of the conventional aerobic fermentation device, thereby effectively reducing the equipment investment and the operation cost;
(3) the utility model provides an agricultural discarded object aerobic fermentation device adopts the exhaust system who has time control, and more scientific control the exhaust cycle, existing effect discharge unnecessary moisture and gas in the fermentation process, prevent to take away too much heat again, make fermentation efficiency improve, the material thoroughly decomposed effect is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an agricultural waste aerobic fermentation device; wherein
1, cylindrical; 2, a top cover; 3, supporting a bottom plate; 4, a heat preservation part; 5 a perforated base plate;
6 a central exhaust port; 7 a temperature sensor; 8, an air pump; 9 a time control switch;
10 electric valves; 11 bottom leg.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below by means of specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art. Additionally, the embodiments should be considered illustrative, and not restrictive, of the scope of the invention, which is defined solely by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in these embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
An agricultural waste aerobic fermentation device comprises a main body part, an air inlet part, an air outlet part, a heat preservation part and a temperature monitoring part; wherein the cylinder 1 of the main body part is made of organic glass material; the top of the cylinder is provided with an outward extending part which is connected with the top cover 2 through a flange gasket and a bolt, the bottom of the cylinder is provided with three bottom support legs 11, the bottom support legs are formed by right-angled grooves which are cut upwards from the cylinder, and the top cover is provided with three circular openings which are respectively connected with a central exhaust port 6, an air suction pump 8 and a temperature sensor 7;
the air inlet part consists of a porous bottom plate 5 and a bottom plate support 3, the porous bottom plate is a porous circular plate made of organic glass, the circular holes are uniformly distributed, the aperture is 10mm, and the hole spacing is 50 mm; the bottom plate support is of a cylindrical solid structure, one end of the bottom plate support is connected with the bottom porous baffle, and the other end of the bottom plate support is connected with the ground, so that the reaction device is supported, and the porous baffle is prevented from deforming;
the exhaust part consists of a central exhaust port 6, an electric valve 10, an air pump 8 and a time control switch 9, wherein the inner diameter of the central exhaust port is 100mm, and the height of the central exhaust port is 200 mm; an electric valve for controlling opening and closing is arranged on the central exhaust port; the time control switch controls the starting and stopping of the air pump and the opening and closing of the central air outlet, and the central air outlet is closed during the running period of the air pump; the water vapor generated during fermentation is discharged from the exhaust part, so that the water content of the fermented material is reduced, and the material is decomposed;
the heat preservation part 4 is formed by heat preservation cotton wrapped outside the cylinder of the main body part and tinfoil wrapped outside the heat preservation cotton, heat loss during fermentation is reduced by the heat preservation part, the fermentation temperature is guaranteed, and the fermentation efficiency is improved;
the temperature monitoring part is a radial temperature sensor 7 with a probe rod, and the probe rod can go deep into the material to monitor the temperature of the aerobic fermentation material in real time.
Example 2
According to the ratio of fermented materials C/N of 28: 1, 40kg of cow dung and 30kg of corn straws are mixed, a top cover 2 of the device is opened, the cow dung and the corn straws are put into an inner cavity 1, the top cover is covered, a time control switch 9 is arranged, the air pump 8 works in the time periods of 5:00-5:05, 8:00-8:05, 11:00-11:15, 14:00-14:15, 17:00-17:15, 19:00-19:05 and 21:00-21:05 every day, and the electric valve 10 of the central exhaust port 6 is closed while the air pump 8 is opened. Temperature sensor 7 real-time supervision material center temperature, the staff 5 every day: 30. 8:30, 11:30, 14:00, 17: 00. temperature was recorded at 20: 00. During fermentation, oxygen enters from the porous bottom plate 5. The materials are fermented for 15 days and then are thoroughly decomposed, no leachate seeps out in the fermentation process, and the average temperature of each day during the fermentation period is shown in the following table:
after the fermentation is finished, the germination index of the decomposed material rape is measured to be 97%, the organic matter content is measured to be 37%, the N content is measured to be 1.26%, and the P content is measured to be 2 O 5 The content was 1.58%. K 2 The O content is 1.41 percent, the total nutrient content is 5.25 percent, the water content is 26 percent, the pH value is 8.2, and the standard of organic fertilizer (NY/T525-2021) is basically met.
Example 3
According to the ratio of fermented materials C/N of 28: 1, 40kg of cow dung and 30kg of corn straws are mixed, a top cover 2 of the device is opened, the cow dung and the corn straws are put into an inner cavity 1, the top cover is covered, a time control switch 9 is arranged, the air pump 8 works in the time periods of 5:00-5:05, 8:00-8:05, 11:00-11:15, 14:00-14:15, 17:00-17:15, 19:00-19:05 and 21:00-21:05 every day, and the electric valve 10 of the central exhaust port 6 is closed while the air pump 8 is opened. NH produced during fermentation was collected and measured at 11:00, 14:00, 17:00, daily at central vent 6 3 And H 2 And (5) recording the fermentation temperature according to the concentration of S. The materials are fermented for 15 days and then are thoroughly decomposed. The average temperature during fermentation is 54.97 ℃, the average temperature in local month is-5 ℃ to 4 ℃, and the floating range is within 4.4 ℃ after the temperature is raised to 50 ℃, which shows that the device effectively prevents heat loss. NH during fermentation 3 Has an average concentration of 6.021mg/m 3 ，H 2 The average concentration of S was 0.013mg/m 3 The concentration of the organic fertilizer is lower than that of cow dung compost, which shows that the device effectively prevents the diffusion of harmful gas.
Example 4
Compared with the conventional fermentation device, the device has obvious heat preservation and temperature increase effects, and the highest fermentation temperature and the average fermentation temperature are higher than those of the conventional fermentation device; effectively controls NH by efficiently controlling oxygen supply time and oxygen supply amount 3 And H 2 S concentration, compared with the conventional device, the utility model discloses device NH 3 The concentration is reduced by 3.741mg/L, H 2 The S concentration is reduced by 0.019 mg/L.
Claims (2)
1. An agricultural waste aerobic fermentation device is characterized in that: comprises a main body part, an air inlet part, an air outlet part, a heat preservation part and a temperature monitoring part; wherein the cylinder (1) of the main body part is made of organic glass material; the top of the cylinder is provided with an outward extending part which is connected with the top cover (2) through a flange gasket and a bolt, the bottom of the cylinder is provided with three bottom support legs (11), the bottom support legs are formed by right-angled grooves which are cut upwards from the cylinder, and the top cover (2) is provided with three round openings which are respectively connected with a central exhaust port (6), an air suction pump (8) and a temperature sensor (7);
the air inlet part consists of a porous bottom plate (5) and a bottom plate support (3), the porous bottom plate (5) is a porous circular plate made of organic glass materials, the bottom plate support (3) is of a cylindrical solid structure, one end of the bottom plate support is connected with the bottom porous bottom plate (5), and the other end of the bottom plate support is connected with the ground;
the exhaust part consists of a central exhaust port (6), an electric valve (10), an air pump (8) and a time control switch (9); wherein the inner diameter of the central exhaust port (6) is 100mm, and the height thereof is 200 mm; an electric valve (10) for controlling opening and closing is arranged on the central exhaust port; the time control switch (9) controls the starting and stopping of the air pump (8) and the opening and closing of the central exhaust port (6);
the heat preservation part (4) is composed of heat preservation cotton wrapped outside the cylinder of the main body part and tinfoil wrapped outside the heat preservation cotton;
the temperature monitoring part is a radial temperature sensor (7) with a probe rod, and the probe rod can go deep into the material to monitor the temperature of the aerobic fermentation material in real time.
2. The aerobic fermentation device of agricultural wastes according to claim 1, wherein the porous circular plate has a pore size of 10mm and a pore pitch of 50 mm.
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| CN202220325843.9U CN217191603U (en) | 2022-02-18 | 2022-02-18 | Agricultural waste aerobic fermentation device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114289476A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-04-08 | 天津市农业科学院 | Agricultural waste aerobic fermentation device and use method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114289476A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-04-08 | 天津市农业科学院 | Agricultural waste aerobic fermentation device and use method thereof |
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