CN113441396B

CN113441396B - Stale refuse sorting system

Info

Publication number: CN113441396B
Application number: CN202110771691.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘建国
Original assignee: Beijing Jingmei Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Jingmei Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-08
Filing date: 2021-07-08
Publication date: 2023-01-13
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-08
Also published as: CN113441396A

Abstract

The invention relates to a stale refuse sorting system, which comprises: a vibrating screen configured to vibrationally screen out large hard materials in the stale refuse; a drum screen configured to screen humus soil in the stale refuse; a fan configured to sieve small pieces of hard materials and light materials in the stale refuse; and a first and a second transmission device respectively disposed between the vibration sieve and the drum sieve and between the drum sieve and the fan, configured to transmit the stale refuse to the drum sieve and the fan; wherein the screening efficiency of the sorting system is 100-150 tons/hour. The application provides a stale waste sorting system can great improvement to stale waste screening efficiency to can alleviate the difficulty of present rubbish improvement.

Description

Stale refuse sorting system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of garbage sorting, in particular to a stale garbage sorting system.

Background

Since the 70 s of the 20 th century, china gradually starts to adopt a landfill method to treat garbage, which has become a main garbage treatment mode in China till now, and since the 70 s, along with the progress of urbanization, a large amount of construction garbage and domestic garbage are generated, so that the garbage disposal by adopting the landfill method still faces a plurality of outstanding problems: 1. the yield of the garbage is increased at a rate of 7-9% every year, and the occupied area of a garbage landfill is more and more required; 2. the urbanization process causes the range of urban areas to be continuously expanded to peripheral areas, and suburban land prices to rapidly rise, so that the site selection of a landfill site is more and more difficult, and huge garbage output and increasingly anxious and insecure land resources are diverged; 3. the problem of rebuilding and reusing landfills has become more acute as the age of a large number of previously constructed landfills has reached or is about to reach. Therefore, the treatment work of the stale refuse in the refuse landfill is urgent.

After the garbage is buried for a long period of time, the garbage is fermented in soil to form stale garbage, the stale garbage is dug out and then screened, the garbage is classified according to material utilization categories, classified combustibles are used for burning power generation, humus can be used for cultivating urban landscape vegetation, and materials which are not suitable for utilization are finally buried. After treatment, more than 70% of the storage capacity of the refuse landfill can be recovered. Therefore, more and more groups and companies are invested in the research of the screening of the stale waste. However, the efficiency of the existing garbage screening device is too low, and the problems of garbage disposal are not solved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a stale refuse sorting system, which comprises: a vibrating screen configured to vibrationally screen out large hard materials in the stale refuse; a drum screen configured to screen humus soil in the stale refuse; a fan configured to sieve small pieces of hard materials and light materials in the stale refuse; and a first transmission device and a second transmission device respectively disposed between the vibration sieve and the drum sieve and between the drum sieve and the fan, and configured to transmit the stale refuse to the drum sieve and the fan; wherein the screening efficiency of the sorting system is 100-150 tons/hour.

The stale refuse sorting system as described above, further comprising: a blower disposed behind the fan configured to receive the light matter screened by the fan.

The stale refuse sorting system as described above, wherein the vibrating screen comprises: the screen body is obliquely arranged on the vibrating screen support.

The stale refuse sorting system as described above, wherein the screen body includes: the device comprises a feeding plate, a plurality of sieving strips arranged at equal intervals, a discharging plate and a power transmission part, wherein the power transmission part is configured to drive the feeding plate and the sieving strips to vibrate.

The stale refuse sorting system as described above, wherein the power transmission part comprises: the screening device comprises a motor, an eccentric wheel and a connecting shaft, wherein the connecting shaft is connected with the motor, the eccentric wheel, the feeding plate and the screening strips, the rotating speed of the motor is 500-1500 r/h, the eccentric distance of the eccentric wheel is 3-5cm, and preferably 4cm.

The stale refuse sorting system as described above, wherein the vibrating screen further comprises: an elastic member connected between the screen body and the vibrating screen support and configured to buffer the feeding plate and the screening strip from vibrating impact.

The stale refuse sorting system according to any preceding claim, wherein the trommel comprises a first trommel and a second trommel.

The stale refuse sorting system according to the above, wherein the first trommel is closer to the vibrating screen than the second trommel, and the mesh aperture of the first trommel screen is larger than that of the second trommel screen.

The stale refuse sorting system according to the above, wherein the trommel comprises a screen and a trommel support, the screen is arranged on the trommel support, the screen comprises a first type screen hole and a second type screen hole, and the aperture of the first type screen hole is larger than that of the second type screen hole.

The stale refuse sorting system as described above, wherein the first type of sieve opening is closer to the feed inlet of the screen than the second type of sieve opening.

The stale refuse sorting system as described above, the screen further comprising a third type of sieve aperture closer to the discharge opening of the screen than the second type of sieve aperture.

According to the stale waste sorting system, the drum screen support comprises a front support leg and a rear support leg, the front support leg is close to the feeding port of the screen, the rear support leg is close to the discharging port of the screen, and the length of the front support leg is greater than that of the rear support leg.

According to the stale waste sorting system, the screen is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle of the screen is 60-70 degrees.

The stale refuse sorting system according to the above, wherein the front leg comprises an adjustment mechanism configured to adjust a length of the front leg and an inclination angle of the screen, wherein the adjustment mechanism has an adjustment range of 0 to 20 degrees.

The stale refuse sorting system as described above, wherein the screen is a circular screen having a length of 600cm and a diameter of 260cm.

The application provides a stale waste sorting system can great improvement to stale waste screening efficiency to can alleviate the difficulty of present rubbish management.

Drawings

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of a stale refuse sorting system according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stale refuse sorting system according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic views of a shaker screen according to one embodiment of the present application; and

fig. 4A and 4B are schematic views of a trommel according to one embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments of the application. In the drawings, like numerals describe substantially similar components throughout the different views. Various specific embodiments of the present application are described in sufficient detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the teachings of the present application. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural, logical or electrical changes may be made to the embodiments of the present application.

The application provides a stale waste sorting system, which can be used for rapidly screening stale waste and improving the stale waste sorting efficiency. In some embodiments, the sorting system can be used for sorting 1000-1500 tons of stale garbage by continuously working for 10 hours per day, and the efficiency can be improved by 2-3 times compared with the existing garbage sorting system. Thereby being beneficial to the sorting and treatment of the stale refuse and relieving the divergence of refuse yield and land resources.

The technical solution of the present application is further described by the following specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the following descriptions are only provided for facilitating the understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, and should not be used to limit the scope of the present application.

Fig. 1 and 2 are schematic views of a stale refuse sorting system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown, the stale waste sorting system (which may be simply referred to as "sorting system") 100 includes a vibrating screen 110, a first drum screen 120, a second drum screen 130, and a fan 140. The vibrating screen 110 can be used for screening large hard materials (such as large stones) in the stale refuse, and can prevent the large hard materials from damaging subsequent devices of the system; the first drum sieve 120 and the second drum sieve 130 may be used to screen humus soil in the stale refuse; the fan 140 may be used to screen light materials and small hard materials from stale refuse.

In some embodiments, the sorting system 100 may further include a loading table 101, which may be used for a loading device to feed stale waste into the shaker 110. In some embodiments, the loading device includes, but is not limited to: excavators, gantry cranes, and the like. In some embodiments, the loading device may also be a conveyor belt, which may convey stale waste into the vibrating screen 110. In some embodiments, the sorting system 100 may further include a blower 102 disposed at the extension, which may be used to receive the light objects winnowed by the fan, preventing the light objects from being blown away by the fan. In some embodiments, the sorting system 100 may further include a transfer device (e.g., a conveyor belt) 103, which may be disposed between the shaker screen 110 and the first trommel 120, between the first trommel 120 and the second trommel 130, and between the second trommel 130 and the fan 140, and may be used for material transfer between the devices. In some embodiments, a transport device may also be included within the bellows 102.

In some embodiments, the sorting system 100 may further include material storage areas (e.g., large hard material storage area 111, humus storage area 112, small hard material storage area 113, and light material storage area 114) that may be used to store the respective materials for later transportation processing. In some embodiments, the humus storage area 112 may be divided into a first humus storage area 112' and a second humus storage area 112 "corresponding to the first drum screen and the second drum screen, so that different humus may be separately subjected to subsequent processing.

In some embodiments, the screen mesh sizes of the first trommel 120 and the second trommel 130 are not the same. For example: the first aperture of the first trommel 120 screen is larger than the second aperture of the second trommel screen. In some embodiments, the mesh of the first trommel 120 is the same as the mesh of the second trommel 130. For example: the apertures of the screen include a first aperture and a second aperture. In some embodiments, the first aperture is larger than the second aperture, wherein the openings of the first aperture are proximate to the feed opening of the trommel. In some embodiments, the first aperture is 3-5cm, preferably 4cm. In some embodiments, the second aperture is 2-4cm, preferably 3cm. For the stale garbage with higher humidity, humus is present at the discharge hole of the second drum sieve. In some embodiments, the screen of the second drum screen 130 may further include a third aperture of screen holes, which are disposed near the discharge port of the second drum screen, and are beneficial for screening humus in clean and stale waste, so as to reduce the dust diffusion in the subsequent sorting process. In some embodiments, the sorting system may further comprise a third trommel (not shown), wherein the third trommel screen has third apertures. In some embodiments, the third aperture is 8-12cm, preferably 10cm.

The configuration of each component of the sorting system will be described in detail below.

Fig. 3A and 3B are schematic views of a shaker screen according to one embodiment of the present application. Fig. 3A is a front view of a shaker screen and fig. 3B is a top view of the shaker screen.

As shown in the drawing, the vibrating screen 110 includes a screen body 310 and a support 320, wherein the screen body 310 is disposed on the support 320, and can screen stale waste by vibration, and the support 320 can be used to support the screen body 310. In some embodiments, the screen body 310 is connected to the bracket 320 by the elastic member 330, and may be used to buffer the vibration impact of the screen body 310 when screening stale garbage. In some embodiments, the resilient member 330 may be a spring, a shock absorber, or the like. In some embodiments, the support 320 may be a hollow frame structure, which may facilitate a transfer device below the screen body 310 to transfer screened waste to the first trommel.

In some embodiments, the vibrating screen 110 may further include an outer edge 340, which is disposed around the screen body 310, so as to prevent stale trash from falling around the screen body during screening. In some embodiments, the outer rim 340 may be angled with respect to the screen body, similar to a "funnel," to facilitate placement of stale trash onto the screen. In some embodiments, the screen body 310 is obliquely disposed on the support 320 so that the stale trash slides downward and can be screened. In some embodiments, screen 310 is inclined at an angle of 40-60 degrees.

In some embodiments, the screen body 310 includes an upper plate 301, a plurality of screening strips 302 arranged at equal intervals, and a lower plate 303, wherein the upper plate 301 is used for preventing untreated stale waste, the stale waste can be screened by the upward and downward reciprocating vibration of the screening strips 302 when the stale waste slides downwards onto the screening strips 302 under the action of gravity, and part of large hard materials can not be vibrated below the screening strips, and can move to the lower plate 303 and can be removed by the lower plate 303. The material below the screening strips is conveyed to a first drum screen through a conveying device for processing. In some embodiments, the spacing between the plurality of screening strips 302 is 15-35cm to facilitate screening of larger hard materials, thereby preventing impact damage of large hard materials to subsequent components of the system and improving the service life of the waste sorting equipment.

In some embodiments, the feeding plate 301 may vibrate synchronously with the sieving strip 302, so that the garbage on the feeding plate is influenced by vibration to rapidly move to the sieving strip, thereby accelerating the garbage sieving efficiency and effectively preventing the garbage on the feeding plate from being accumulated. In some embodiments, the blanking plate 303 may also vibrate synchronously with the screening strips 302, so that the screened bulk material leaves quickly, preventing stacking and affecting the sorting efficiency.

In some embodiments, the screen body 310 may also include power transmission components that may drive the screen bars into vibration. In some embodiments, the power transmission component may include a motor 304, an eccentric 305 (e.g., a cam), and a connecting shaft 306, the motor 304 may be used to provide power, the eccentric 305 may be used to drive the screen bar into vibration, and the connecting shaft 306 may be used to connect the motor 304, the eccentric 305, and the screen bar 302. In some embodiments, the rotation speed of the motor 304 may be 500-1500 rpm, so as to adjust different rotation speeds for different aged garbage, thereby improving the efficiency of garbage sorting. In some embodiments, the eccentricity of the eccentric may be 3-5cm, preferably 4. In some embodiments, the power transmission component may also be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or the like.

In some embodiments, the connecting shaft 306 may also be used to connect the upper feeding plate 301 so that the upper feeding plate vibrates synchronously with the screen bars. In some embodiments, the connecting shaft 306 may also be used to connect the blanking plate 303 so that the feeding plate vibrates synchronously with the screen bars. In some embodiments, the upper flitch 301, the sieving strip 302, and the lower flitch 303 can be integrally formed.

Fig. 4A and 4B are schematic views of a trommel according to one embodiment of the present application. Fig. 4A is a front view of the trommel, and fig. 4B is a side view of the trommel. As understood by those skilled in the art, both the first trommel and the second trommel in the stale waste sorting system may be of the following trommel configuration.

As shown, the trommel 400 includes a screen 410 and a support 420. Wherein, screen cloth 410 sets up on support 420, can carry out further screening to the rubbish that the shale shaker conveys, and is specific: humus soil in the garbage can be screened out, and the rest garbage is discharged from a discharge hole and is transmitted to other processes through a transmission device; the support 420 may support the screen. In some embodiments, the support is a hollow frame to facilitate humus fall. In some embodiments, the trommel 400 may further include a housing 430 disposed outside of and covering a portion of the screen, which may be protected and may also prevent dust in the trash from spreading during the screening process.

In some embodiments, the screen 410 is a circular screen including a plurality of screen apertures 401 thereon. The waste within the interior can be screened by rotating a screen, which in some embodiments is 260cm in diameter and 600cm in length. In some embodiments, the rotation speed of the screen can be 17-20 rpm, so that the screening device can adapt to different aged garbage and improve the screening efficiency of the garbage. In some embodiments, the screen is formed by bending and splicing a plurality of steel plates with holes. For example: 8 blocks, 9 blocks or more. In some embodiments, the steel plate is a wear resistant steel plate to increase the service life of the screen. In some embodiments, the gauge of the steel plate may be 150cm 180cm. In some embodiments, the steel plate may include about 900 screen holes thereon to ensure the strength of the steel plate, and the screen mesh may have as many screen holes as possible, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of garbage screening.

In some embodiments, the apertures of the screen openings may be the same, i.e., the apertures of all openings are all the same. In some embodiments, the screen may comprise a first type of mesh and a second type of mesh, wherein the first type of mesh has a different pore size than the second type of mesh. In some embodiments, the first type of apertures are closer to the feed inlet of the screen than the second type of apertures. In some embodiments, the first type of mesh has a larger pore size than the second type of mesh. In some embodiments, the screen may further comprise a third type of mesh that is closer to the exit of the screen than the second type of mesh. In some embodiments, the third type of mesh has a larger pore size than the second type of mesh. In some embodiments, the screen 410 may further include a first raceway 402 and a second raceway 403, which are respectively disposed near the inlet and the outlet of the screen, and may be configured to be rotated by a power mechanism, so as to rotate the screen.

In some embodiments, the trommel 400 may further include a power mechanism, which may be disposed on the frame, and may provide power for the rotation of the screen. In some embodiments, the power mechanism may include a motor 411, a plurality of friction wheels 412, and a connection shaft 413, wherein the motor 411 may provide power, and the friction wheels 412 may contact with the first raceway and the second raceway, so as to drive the screen to rotate; the connection shaft 413 may be used to connect the motor 411 and the plurality of friction wheels 412, and may be used to transmit power. In some embodiments, the trommel 400 may further include a speed reducer (not shown) disposed between the motor and the friction wheel, and may be used to adjust the rotation speed of the screen, so that different rotation speeds of the screen may be selected according to different aged refuse, thereby improving the efficiency of refuse treatment. For example: when the humidity of the stale garbage is higher, the rotating speed of the screen can be reduced; when the humidity of the aged garbage is lower, the rotating speed of the screen can be improved.

In some embodiments, the frame 420 includes a front leg 421 near the inlet of the screen and a rear leg 422 near the outlet of the screen, the front leg 421 having a length greater than the rear leg 422 to allow the screen to be tilted relative to the horizontal to facilitate rotation of the screen to screen the waste. In some embodiments, the screen is inclined at an angle a of 60-70 degrees relative to horizontal. In some embodiments, the front leg 421 may also include an adjustment mechanism 423 that may be used to adjust the length of the front leg, and thus the angle of inclination of the screen relative to horizontal. In some embodiments, the adjustment mechanism may be a spring structure, a rack and pinion structure, a worm gear structure, a ball screw structure, or an expandable material, among others. In some embodiments, the adjustment mechanism may also be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or the like. In some embodiments, the adjusting mechanism can adjust the range of 0-20 degrees, so that different angles can be adjusted according to different stale waste to improve the efficiency of waste treatment. For example: if the humidity of the stale garbage is higher, the angle of the screen can be adjusted to be larger; if the humidity of the stale waste is low, the angle of the screen can be adjusted to be a little smaller. In some embodiments, the rear legs 422 may also include an adjustment mechanism to facilitate overall adjustment of the angle of inclination of the screen.

The application provides a stale waste sorting system can great improvement to stale waste screening efficiency to can alleviate the difficulty of present rubbish improvement.

The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention, and therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stale refuse sorting system comprising:

a vibrating screen configured to vibrationally screen out large hard materials in the stale refuse;

a drum screen configured to screen humus soil in the stale refuse;

a fan configured to sieve small pieces of hard materials and light materials in the stale refuse; and

a first transmission device and a second transmission device respectively disposed between the vibration sieve and the drum sieve and between the drum sieve and the fan, and configured to transmit the stale refuse to the drum sieve and the fan;

wherein the screening efficiency of the sorting system is 100-150 tons/hour;

wherein, the shale shaker includes: the screen body is obliquely arranged on the vibrating screen support, and the inclination angle of the screen body is 40-60 degrees;

wherein, the screen frame includes: the device comprises a feeding plate, a plurality of screening strips arranged at equal intervals, a discharging plate and a power transmission part, wherein the power transmission part is configured to drive the feeding plate and the screening strips to vibrate, and the spacing between the screening strips is 15-35cm;

the trommel sieve comprises a sieve mesh and a trommel sieve support, wherein the sieve mesh is arranged on the trommel sieve support, the sieve mesh comprises a first type sieve pore and a second type sieve pore, and the aperture of the first type sieve pore is larger than that of the second type sieve pore;

wherein the first type of screen aperture is closer to the feed inlet of the screen than the second type of screen aperture;

the drum screen support comprises a front support leg and a rear support leg, the front support leg is close to a feeding port of the screen, the rear support leg is close to a discharging port of the screen, the length of the front support leg is greater than that of the rear support leg, the screen is arranged in an inclined mode relative to a horizontal plane, and the inclined angle of the screen is 60-70 degrees;

an air box disposed behind the fan and configured to receive the light objects sieved by the fan, the fan being disposed below the second conveying device and blowing the light objects into the air box;

the screen also comprises a third type of sieve hole which is closer to the discharge hole of the screen than the second type of sieve hole, and the aperture of the third type of sieve hole is larger than that of the second type of sieve hole.

2. The stale refuse sorting system according to claim 1, wherein the power transmission member comprises: the screening device comprises a motor, an eccentric wheel and a connecting shaft, wherein the connecting shaft is connected with the motor, the eccentric wheel, the feeding plate and the screening strips, and the eccentric distance of the eccentric wheel is 3-5cm when the rotating speed of the motor is 500-1500 rpm.

3. The stale refuse sorting system according to claim 1, wherein the vibrating screen further comprises: an elastic member connected between the screen body and the vibrating screen support and configured to buffer the feeding plate and the screening strip from vibrating impact.

4. The stale waste sorting system according to claim 1, the front leg comprising an adjustment mechanism configured to adjust the front leg length and an angle of inclination of the screen, wherein the adjustment mechanism has an adjustment range of 0-20 degrees.

5. The stale refuse sorting system according to claim 1, wherein the screen is a circular screen having a length of 600cm and a diameter of 260cm.