CN113424745A - Preparation method of edible liquid mushroom stick and method for culturing mushrooms by using mushroom stick - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mushroom planting, in particular to a preparation method of an edible liquid mushroom stick and a method for culturing mushrooms by using the mushroom stick, aiming at the problems of low survival rate and low yield of edible mushrooms in the prior art, the invention provides the following scheme, which comprises the following steps: s1, weighing the solid raw materials, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: the wood mold is characterized by comprising trichoderma, straws, wheat bran, gypsum and ammonium nitrate, wherein the wood mold comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.1-0.5 part of trichoderma, 120 parts of 100-one straws, 50-70 parts of wheat bran, 1-2 parts of gypsum and 0.5-1 part of ammonium nitrate; s2, weighing the liquid raw materials, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: deionized water, glucose, magnesium sulfate and vitamin B1. The invention effectively solves the problems of low yield and low survival rate in the prior art when the edible fungi are cultured, and is also beneficial to improving the conversion and absorption of the edible fungi to nutrient substances in the fungus sticks, thereby improving the quality of the edible fungi and being easy to popularize and use.

Description

Preparation method of edible liquid mushroom stick and method for culturing mushrooms by using mushroom stick

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of mushroom planting, in particular to a preparation method of an edible liquid mushroom stick and a method for culturing mushrooms by using the mushroom stick.

Background

The mushroom has high nutritive value, is the second most edible mushroom in the world and is one of special products in China. In the process of planting the mushrooms, the most common mode is to plant the mushrooms by using mushroom sticks. However, the traditional mushroom stick planting method adopted in the prior art has long planting period and low survival rate of the mushrooms. Therefore, a new planting method has emerged, which is to produce by liquid culture technique.

However, in the process of producing the mushrooms by adopting liquid fermentation, the selection and the importance of a liquid culture medium determine whether the mushrooms can grow healthily and rapidly, and therefore, the scheme provides a preparation method of the edible liquid mushroom sticks and a method for culturing the mushrooms by using the mushroom sticks.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a preparation method of an edible liquid mushroom stick and a method for culturing mushrooms by using the mushroom stick, which solve the problems of low survival rate and low yield of edible mushrooms in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of an edible liquid fungus stick comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing the solid raw materials, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: the wood mold is characterized by comprising trichoderma, straws, wheat bran, gypsum and ammonium nitrate, wherein the wood mold comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.1-0.5 part of trichoderma, 120 parts of 100-one straws, 50-70 parts of wheat bran, 1-2 parts of gypsum and 0.5-1 part of ammonium nitrate;

s2, weighing the liquid raw materials, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: deionized water, glucose, magnesium sulfate and vitamin B1, wherein the components are as follows by mass: 20-30 parts of deionized water, 2-4 parts of glucose, 8-10 parts of magnesium sulfate and 11-2 parts of vitamin B;

s3, mixing materials, namely introducing the weighed solid raw materials into a mixing device, then pouring the liquid raw materials into the mixing device to mix with the solid raw materials, and continuously stirring for 15-20 minutes to uniformly mix the solid raw materials and the liquid raw materials;

s4, bagging, namely taking the mixed raw materials out of the mixing device, then putting the mixed raw materials into a fungus bag, and tying a proper number of holes on the surface of the fungus bag after bagging;

s5, sterilizing, namely putting the prepared fungus sticks into a sterilization pot for autoclaving, and taking out the fungus sticks after sterilization is finished;

s6, cooling, namely, putting the bacteria sticks taken out of the sterilization pot into a cooling device for cooling, so that the temperature of the bacteria sticks is reduced to room temperature, then taking out the bacteria sticks, and then transferring the bacteria sticks to an inoculation room.

Preferably, in the step S1, the straws are crushed straw powder, and the agglomerated wheat bran is mixed with other raw materials after being broken.

Preferably, in the step S3, in the mixing process, the liquid raw materials are added while stirring, the moisture content in the mixed raw materials is detected after the stirring is completed, the moisture content in the mixed raw materials is maintained between 50% and 60, the PH value of the mixed raw materials is 6 ± 0.5, if the moisture content does not meet the requirement, deionized water is correspondingly added to the mixed raw materials, and the stirring is performed while adding water, and if the PH value does not meet the requirement, the PH value is also continuously adjusted until the parameters meet the requirement.

Preferably, in the step S5, the sterilization is performed in two steps, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 110 ℃ at 100-.

Preferably, in the step S1, when selecting the straw, selecting fresh, non-moldy straw powder with a moisture content of no more than 20%.

Preferably, in the step S1, wheat bran is selected from fresh, non-caking and non-mildewed wheat bran.

A method for culturing mushrooms by using edible liquid fungus sticks is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) inoculating, namely cleaning an inoculating room, reserving an operation air channel of at least 20cm between each row of the fungus sticks in the inoculating room, and then inoculating the cultured liquid fungus strains on the fungus sticks by using an inoculating machine;

(2) culturing, namely transferring the inoculated bacteria sticks to a culture chamber for culturing, adjusting the environment in the culture chamber, and adjusting the temperature and humidity and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the culture chamber according to the difference of inoculated strains so as to meet the requirements of strain production;

(3) turning over, when the fungus circles on more than 80% of the fungus sticks grow to two thirds, detecting the oxygen concentration in the culture chamber, when the oxygen concentration is lower than a normal value, carrying out oxygen enrichment on the culture chamber by using oxygen enrichment equipment, placing the inoculation ports of the fungus sticks after oxygen enrichment outwards, placing the inoculation ports in a triangular stack, placing the inoculation ports in the triangular stack according to the original gap, arranging an aerobic gas concentration monitoring device, and carrying out oxygen enrichment again when the oxygen concentration is reduced to be lower than a set value;

(4) picking, when 80% of strains on the fungus sticks grow to a normal size, picking the strains on the fungus sticks for the first time, slightly rotating the strains to pick the strains during picking without damaging immature strains, picking again after the strains on the surfaces of the fungus sticks grow again after a period of time, and not picking for the next time until the strains on the fungus sticks are less than 10% during the last picking.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. straw, wheat bran, gypsum, trichoderma and ammonium nitrate in reasonable proportion are filled in the fungus stick, then deionized water, glucose, magnesium sulfate and vitamin B1 are mixed, and finally proper PH value and water content are adjusted, so that the survival rate of inoculated strains is greatly improved, and the cultured strains have high growth speed and high yield.

2. In the process of culture, the oxygen concentration in the culture time is always ensured to be in a normal value state, the growth capacity and the metabolic capacity of the strain are enhanced, and the absorption of the strain to nutrient substances in the fungus stick is promoted.

The invention effectively solves the problems of low yield and low survival rate in the prior art when the edible fungi are cultured, and is also beneficial to improving the conversion and absorption of the edible fungi to nutrient substances in the fungus sticks, thereby improving the quality of the edible fungi and being easy to popularize and use.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

The first embodiment,

A preparation method of an edible liquid fungus stick comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing the solid raw materials, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: the wood mold is characterized by comprising trichoderma, straws, wheat bran, gypsum and ammonium nitrate, wherein the wood mold comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.1 part of trichoderma, 100 parts of straws, 50 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum and 0.5 part of ammonium nitrate, wherein the selected straws are crushed straw powder, and when the straws are selected, fresh and mildew-free straw powder with the water content not more than 20% is selected, and fresh, caking-free and mildew-free wheat bran is selected as the wheat bran;

s2, weighing the liquid raw materials, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: deionized water, glucose, magnesium sulfate and vitamin B1, wherein the components are as follows by mass: 20 parts of deionized water, 2 parts of glucose, 8 parts of magnesium sulfate and 11 parts of vitamin B;

s3, mixing materials, namely introducing the weighed solid raw materials into a mixing device, then pouring liquid raw materials into the mixing device to mix with the solid raw materials, and continuously stirring for 15-20 minutes to uniformly mix the solid raw materials and the liquid raw materials, wherein in the mixing process, the liquid raw materials are added while stirring, the water content in the mixed raw materials is detected after stirring is finished, the water content in the mixed raw materials is maintained between 50-60%, the PH value of the mixed raw materials is 6 +/-0.5, if the water content does not meet the requirement, deionized water is correspondingly added into the mixed raw materials, and water is added while stirring, and when the PH value does not meet the requirement, the PH value is continuously adjusted until the parameters meet the requirement;

s4, bagging, namely taking the mixed raw materials out of the mixing device, then putting the mixed raw materials into a fungus bag, and tying a proper number of holes on the surface of the fungus bag after bagging;

s5, sterilizing, namely placing the prepared bacteria stick into a sterilization pot for high-pressure sterilization, taking out the bacteria stick after the sterilization is finished, and sterilizing twice during the sterilization, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 110 ℃ and the sterilization time is 30min during the first sterilization, the pressure is controlled to be 0.05MPa during the sterilization, the temperature is controlled to be 125 ℃ and the sterilization time is 30min during the second sterilization, and the pressure is controlled to be 0.05MPa during the sterilization;

s6, cooling, namely, putting the bacteria sticks taken out of the sterilization pot into a cooling device for cooling, so that the temperature of the bacteria sticks is reduced to room temperature, then taking out the bacteria sticks, and then transferring the bacteria sticks to an inoculation room.

A method for culturing mushrooms by using edible liquid fungus sticks is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) inoculating, namely cleaning an inoculating room, reserving an operation air channel of at least 20cm between each row of the fungus sticks in the inoculating room, and then inoculating the cultured liquid fungus strains on the fungus sticks by using an inoculating machine;

(2) culturing, namely transferring the inoculated bacteria sticks to a culture chamber for culturing, adjusting the environment in the culture chamber, and adjusting the temperature and humidity and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the culture chamber according to the difference of inoculated strains so as to meet the requirements of strain production;

(3) turning over, when the fungus circles on more than 80% of the fungus sticks grow to two thirds, detecting the oxygen concentration in the culture chamber, when the oxygen concentration is lower than a normal value, carrying out oxygen enrichment on the culture chamber by using oxygen enrichment equipment, placing the inoculation ports of the fungus sticks after oxygen enrichment outwards, placing the inoculation ports in a triangular stack, placing the inoculation ports in the triangular stack according to the original gap, arranging an aerobic gas concentration monitoring device, and carrying out oxygen enrichment again when the oxygen concentration is reduced to be lower than a set value;

(4) picking, when 80% of strains on the fungus sticks grow to a normal size, picking the strains on the fungus sticks for the first time, slightly rotating the strains to pick the strains during picking without damaging immature strains, picking again after the strains on the surfaces of the fungus sticks grow again after a period of time, and not picking for the next time until the strains on the fungus sticks are less than 10% during the last picking.

Example II,

S1, weighing the solid raw materials, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: the wood mold is characterized by comprising trichoderma, straws, wheat bran, gypsum and ammonium nitrate, wherein the wood mold comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.3 part of trichoderma, 110 parts of straws, 60 parts of wheat bran, 1.5 parts of gypsum and 0.75 part of ammonium nitrate, wherein the selected straws are crushed straw powder, and when the straws are selected, fresh and mildew-free straw powder with the water content not more than 20% is selected, and fresh, caking-free and mildew-free wheat bran is selected as the wheat bran;

s2, weighing the liquid raw materials, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: deionized water, glucose, magnesium sulfate and vitamin B1, wherein the components are as follows by mass: 25 parts of deionized water, 3 parts of glucose, 9 parts of magnesium sulfate and 11.5 parts of vitamin B;

s3, mixing materials, namely introducing the weighed solid raw materials into a mixing device, then pouring liquid raw materials into the mixing device to mix with the solid raw materials, and continuously stirring for 15-20 minutes to uniformly mix the solid raw materials and the liquid raw materials, wherein in the mixing process, the liquid raw materials are added while stirring, the water content in the mixed raw materials is detected after stirring is finished, the water content in the mixed raw materials is maintained between 50-60%, the PH value of the mixed raw materials is 6 +/-0.5, if the water content does not meet the requirement, deionized water is correspondingly added into the mixed raw materials, and water is added while stirring, and when the PH value does not meet the requirement, the PH value is continuously adjusted until the parameters meet the requirement;

s4, bagging, namely taking the mixed raw materials out of the mixing device, then putting the mixed raw materials into a fungus bag, and tying a proper number of holes on the surface of the fungus bag after bagging;

s5, sterilizing, namely placing the prepared bacteria stick into a sterilization pot for high-pressure sterilization, taking out the bacteria stick after the sterilization is finished, and sterilizing twice during the sterilization, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 110 ℃ and the sterilization time is 30min during the first sterilization, the pressure is controlled to be 0.05MPa during the sterilization, the temperature is controlled to be 125 ℃ and the sterilization time is 30min during the second sterilization, and the pressure is controlled to be 0.05MPa during the sterilization;

s6, cooling, namely, putting the bacteria sticks taken out of the sterilization pot into a cooling device for cooling, so that the temperature of the bacteria sticks is reduced to room temperature, then taking out the bacteria sticks, and then transferring the bacteria sticks to an inoculation room.

A method for culturing mushrooms by using edible liquid fungus sticks is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) inoculating, namely cleaning an inoculating room, reserving an operation air channel of at least 20cm between each row of the fungus sticks in the inoculating room, and then inoculating the cultured liquid fungus strains on the fungus sticks by using an inoculating machine;

(2) culturing, namely transferring the inoculated bacteria sticks to a culture chamber for culturing, adjusting the environment in the culture chamber, and adjusting the temperature and humidity and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the culture chamber according to the difference of inoculated strains so as to meet the requirements of strain production;

(3) turning over, when the fungus circles on more than 80% of the fungus sticks grow to two thirds, detecting the oxygen concentration in the culture chamber, when the oxygen concentration is lower than a normal value, carrying out oxygen enrichment on the culture chamber by using oxygen enrichment equipment, placing the inoculation ports of the fungus sticks after oxygen enrichment outwards, placing the inoculation ports in a triangular stack, placing the inoculation ports in the triangular stack according to the original gap, arranging an aerobic gas concentration monitoring device, and carrying out oxygen enrichment again when the oxygen concentration is reduced to be lower than a set value;

(4) picking, when 80% of strains on the fungus sticks grow to a normal size, picking the strains on the fungus sticks for the first time, slightly rotating the strains to pick the strains during picking without damaging immature strains, picking again after the strains on the surfaces of the fungus sticks grow again after a period of time, and not picking for the next time until the strains on the fungus sticks are less than 10% during the last picking.

Example III,

S1, weighing the solid raw materials, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: the wood mold is characterized by comprising trichoderma, straws, wheat bran, gypsum and ammonium nitrate, wherein the wood mold comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.5 part of trichoderma, 120 parts of straws, 70 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of gypsum and 1 part of ammonium nitrate, wherein the selected straws are crushed straw powder, and when the straws are selected, fresh and mildew-free straw powder with the water content not exceeding 20% is selected, and the wheat bran is selected from fresh, caking-free and mildew-free wheat bran;

s2, weighing the liquid raw materials, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: deionized water, glucose, magnesium sulfate and vitamin B1, wherein the components are as follows by mass: 30 parts of deionized water, 4 parts of glucose, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate and 12 parts of vitamin B;

s3, mixing materials, namely introducing the weighed solid raw materials into a mixing device, then pouring liquid raw materials into the mixing device to mix with the solid raw materials, and continuously stirring for 15-20 minutes to uniformly mix the solid raw materials and the liquid raw materials, wherein in the mixing process, the liquid raw materials are added while stirring, the water content in the mixed raw materials is detected after stirring is finished, the water content in the mixed raw materials is maintained between 50-60%, the PH value of the mixed raw materials is 6 +/-0.5, if the water content does not meet the requirement, deionized water is correspondingly added into the mixed raw materials, and water is added while stirring, and when the PH value does not meet the requirement, the PH value is continuously adjusted until the parameters meet the requirement;

s4, bagging, namely taking the mixed raw materials out of the mixing device, then putting the mixed raw materials into a fungus bag, and tying a proper number of holes on the surface of the fungus bag after bagging;

s5, sterilizing, namely placing the prepared bacteria stick into a sterilization pot for high-pressure sterilization, taking out the bacteria stick after the sterilization is finished, and sterilizing twice during the sterilization, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 110 ℃ and the sterilization time is 30min during the first sterilization, the pressure is controlled to be 0.05MPa during the sterilization, the temperature is controlled to be 125 ℃ and the sterilization time is 30min during the second sterilization, and the pressure is controlled to be 0.05MPa during the sterilization;

s6, cooling, namely, putting the bacteria sticks taken out of the sterilization pot into a cooling device for cooling, so that the temperature of the bacteria sticks is reduced to room temperature, then taking out the bacteria sticks, and then transferring the bacteria sticks to an inoculation room.

A method for culturing mushrooms by using edible liquid fungus sticks is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) inoculating, namely cleaning an inoculating room, reserving an operation air channel of at least 20cm between each row of the fungus sticks in the inoculating room, and then inoculating the cultured liquid fungus strains on the fungus sticks by using an inoculating machine;

(2) culturing, namely transferring the inoculated bacteria sticks to a culture chamber for culturing, adjusting the environment in the culture chamber, and adjusting the temperature and humidity and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the culture chamber according to the difference of inoculated strains so as to meet the requirements of strain production;

(3) turning over, when the fungus circles on more than 80% of the fungus sticks grow to two thirds, detecting the oxygen concentration in the culture chamber, when the oxygen concentration is lower than a normal value, carrying out oxygen enrichment on the culture chamber by using oxygen enrichment equipment, placing the inoculation ports of the fungus sticks after oxygen enrichment outwards, placing the inoculation ports in a triangular stack, placing the inoculation ports in the triangular stack according to the original gap, arranging an aerobic gas concentration monitoring device, and carrying out oxygen enrichment again when the oxygen concentration is reduced to be lower than a set value;

(4) picking, when 80% of strains on the fungus sticks grow to a normal size, picking the strains on the fungus sticks for the first time, slightly rotating the strains to pick the strains during picking without damaging immature strains, picking again after the strains on the surfaces of the fungus sticks grow again after a period of time, and not picking for the next time until the strains on the fungus sticks are less than 10% during the last picking.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of an edible liquid fungus stick is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, weighing the solid raw materials, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: the wood mold is characterized by comprising trichoderma, straws, wheat bran, gypsum and ammonium nitrate, wherein the wood mold comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.1-0.5 part of trichoderma, 120 parts of 100-one straws, 50-70 parts of wheat bran, 1-2 parts of gypsum and 0.5-1 part of ammonium nitrate;

s2, weighing the liquid raw materials, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: deionized water, glucose, magnesium sulfate and vitamin B1, wherein the components are as follows by mass: 20-30 parts of deionized water, 2-4 parts of glucose, 8-10 parts of magnesium sulfate and 11-2 parts of vitamin B;

s3, mixing materials, namely introducing the weighed solid raw materials into a mixing device, then pouring the liquid raw materials into the mixing device to mix with the solid raw materials, and continuously stirring for 15-20 minutes to uniformly mix the solid raw materials and the liquid raw materials;

s4, bagging, namely taking the mixed raw materials out of the mixing device, then putting the mixed raw materials into a fungus bag, and tying a proper number of holes on the surface of the fungus bag after bagging;

s5, sterilizing, namely putting the prepared fungus sticks into a sterilization pot for autoclaving, and taking out the fungus sticks after sterilization is finished;

s6, cooling, namely, putting the bacteria sticks taken out of the sterilization pot into a cooling device for cooling, so that the temperature of the bacteria sticks is reduced to room temperature, then taking out the bacteria sticks, and then transferring the bacteria sticks to an inoculation room.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the straw is pulverized straw powder, and the agglomerated bran is mixed with other raw materials after being separated.

3. The method for preparing edible liquid fungus sticks as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, in the process of mixing, the liquid raw materials are added while stirring, the moisture content in the mixed raw materials is detected after the stirring is completed, the moisture content in the mixed raw materials is kept between 50% and 60%, the PH value of the mixed raw materials is 6 ± 0.5, if the moisture content does not meet the requirement, deionized water is correspondingly added into the mixed raw materials, and the stirring is performed while adding water, and if the PH value does not meet the requirement, the PH value is also continuously adjusted until the parameters meet the requirement.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the sterilization is performed in two steps, the temperature is controlled at 110 ℃ for 30min and the pressure is controlled at 0.05MPa for the first sterilization, the temperature is controlled at 125 ℃ for 120 ℃ for 30min and the pressure is controlled at 0.05MPa for the second sterilization.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the straw powder is selected from fresh and non-mildew straw powder with water content not exceeding 20%.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, bran is selected from fresh, non-caking, and non-mold bran.

7. The method for culturing the mushroom by using the edible liquid mushroom stick of any one of 1 to 6 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(1) inoculating, namely cleaning an inoculating room, reserving an operation air channel of at least 20cm between each row of the fungus sticks in the inoculating room, and then inoculating the cultured liquid fungus strains on the fungus sticks by using an inoculating machine;

(2) culturing, namely transferring the inoculated bacteria sticks to a culture chamber for culturing, adjusting the environment in the culture chamber, and adjusting the temperature and humidity and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the culture chamber according to the difference of inoculated strains so as to meet the requirements of strain production;

(3) turning over, when the fungus circles on more than 80% of the fungus sticks grow to two thirds, detecting the oxygen concentration in the culture chamber, when the oxygen concentration is lower than a normal value, carrying out oxygen enrichment on the culture chamber by using oxygen enrichment equipment, placing the inoculation ports of the fungus sticks after oxygen enrichment outwards, placing the inoculation ports in a triangular stack, placing the inoculation ports in the triangular stack according to the original gap, arranging an aerobic gas concentration monitoring device, and carrying out oxygen enrichment again when the oxygen concentration is reduced to be lower than a set value;

(4) picking, when 80% of strains on the fungus sticks grow to a normal size, picking the strains on the fungus sticks for the first time, slightly rotating the strains to pick the strains during picking without damaging immature strains, picking again after the strains on the surfaces of the fungus sticks grow again after a period of time, and not picking for the next time until the strains on the fungus sticks are less than 10% during the last picking.