CN113423320A - 擦洗垫 - Google Patents

擦洗垫 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113423320A
CN113423320A CN202080011130.9A CN202080011130A CN113423320A CN 113423320 A CN113423320 A CN 113423320A CN 202080011130 A CN202080011130 A CN 202080011130A CN 113423320 A CN113423320 A CN 113423320A
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Prior art keywords
fibrous filler
cleaning article
cleaning
nonwoven
denier
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Inventor
米汉·T·张
斯科特·J·图曼
凯莉·R·施莫尔
亚历山大·S·陶帕尔
伊格内修斯·A·卡多玛
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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Publication of CN113423320A publication Critical patent/CN113423320A/zh
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L13/00Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L13/10Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
    • A47L13/16Cloths; Pads; Sponges
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L17/00Apparatus or implements used in manual washing or cleaning of crockery, table-ware, cooking-ware or the like
    • A47L17/04Pan or pot cleaning utensils
    • A47L17/08Pads; Balls of steel wool, wire, or plastic meshes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/04Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by at least one layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer ; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/266Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022Non-woven fabric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/026Knitted fabric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/028Net structure, e.g. spaced apart filaments bonded at the crossing points
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B32B5/265Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/72Density
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/726Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/732Dimensional properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2432/00Cleaning articles, e.g. mops or wipes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23Sheet including cover or casing
    • Y10T428/237Noninterengaged fibered material encased [e.g., mat, batt, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23Sheet including cover or casing
    • Y10T428/239Complete cover or casing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

本发明为一种清洁制品,该清洁制品包括纤维填料和至少部分地包围该纤维填料的包裹物。

Description

擦洗垫
技术领域
本发明整体涉及清洁制品的领域。具体地,本发明为擦洗垫。
背景技术
擦洗垫广泛地用于清洁表面,诸如家居表面(包括家中的表面)以及车辆表面。擦洗垫通常与水以及皂或洗涤剂一起使用,其中擦洗垫的擦洗表面用于清洁表面。此类表面包括碟、器具、玻璃、罐、盘、烤架、墙壁、地板、工作台面和车辆表面以及窗户。
擦洗材料可制成许多形式,包括非织造幅材(例如,描述于美国专利号2,958,593中的低密度非织造磨料幅材)。按照其制造过程,擦洗材料幅材可被切分成尺寸适合手用的单个小片(例如,描述于美国专利号2,958,593中的单个矩形垫),或者使最终用户需要时将幅材分成具有方便尺寸的小片(例如,如WO 00/006341和美国专利号5,712,210所述)。非刮擦擦洗垫的示例由明尼苏达州圣保罗的3M公司(3M Company,Saint Paul,Minnesota)以商品名“Scotch-BriteTM”出售。具体的非刮擦擦洗垫为明尼苏达州圣保罗的3M公司的“Scotch-BriteTM Dobie清洁垫”,其由聚氨酯泡沫垫构成并包封在结网或网片中。
发明内容
在一个实施方案中,本发明为一种清洁制品,该清洁制品包括纤维填料和至少部分地包围该纤维填料的包裹物。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明为一种用于家居清洁的擦洗垫。该制品包括纤维填料和至少部分地包围该纤维填料的包裹物。该制品在5,550个循环中清洁至少约0.1个食品污垢面板。
本公开的以上发明内容并不旨在描述本发明的每个公开实施方案或每种实施方式。以下描述更为具体地举例说明了例示性实施方案。在本申请全文的若干处,通过实施例列表提供了指导,这些实施例能够以各种组合使用。在每种情况下,所表述的列表只是作为代表性的组类,而不应解释为穷举性的列表。
附图说明
图1为本发明的擦洗垫的照片。
图2为本发明的擦洗垫的照片,其中包裹物定位在填料周围。
虽然上述图片和附图示出了本发明的实施方案,但正如讨论中所指出的那样,还可以想到其它的实施方案。在所有情况下,本公开通过示例性而非限制性的方式介绍本发明。应当理解,本领域的技术人员可设计出许多其它修改和实施方案,这些修改和实施方案落入本发明的范围和实质内。附图可不按比例绘制。
具体实施方式
本发明为包括由包裹物14包围的纤维填料12的清洁制品10。清洁制品10为用于家居清洁应用(诸如清洁碟以及其他表面(诸如工作台面、墙壁、浴帘和汽车表面))或用于化妆品清洁应用的擦洗垫。清洁制品10的构造提供各种性能和与环境相关的优点。例如,清洁制品10具有增加的泡沫产生、需要较小的压缩力、具有较高的吸水率和降低的总体重量。本发明还诸如通过使用环境可持续性原料而允许多种机会来实现环境可持续性方面。例如,在一个实施方案中,清洁制品10为至少部分地可生物降解的、生物基可再循环的、可堆肥的、或者由再循环材料制成。本发明的清洁制品提供这些有益效果,同时保持足够的擦洗能力。
如本文所用,当材料能够因暴露于阳光、热、水、氧、污染物、微生物、昆虫和/或动物的环境影响而降解时,该材料为“可降解的”。通常,此类材料为天然存在的,并且通常为“可生物降解的”。如本文所用,“可生物降解的”材料是由微生物或由此类微生物产生的酶等降解的材料。如本文所用,“可生物降解的”是指满足ASTM D6400-12(2012)的要求的材料或产品,ASTM D6400-12(2012)是用于确定材料或产品是否满足标记为“市政和工业堆肥设施中可堆肥”的要求的标准。
如本文所用,当材料包含至少1%的碳-14,具体地至少5%的碳-14,并且更具体地至少10%的碳-14时,该材料为“生物基的”。
如本文所用,当材料能够在堆肥环境中分解成天然元素时,该材料为“可堆肥的”。如本文所用,“可堆肥的”是指在堆肥期间通过生物过程发生降解以按照与其他可堆肥材料一致的速率产生二氧化碳、水、无机化合物和生物质,并且不留下可见的、可分辨的或毒性的残余物的材料。如本文所用,“可生物降解的”是指满足ASTM D6400的要求的材料或产品。
图1示出了本发明的清洁制品10的照片。虽然图1将清洁制品10示为矩形形状,但清洁制品10也可呈现任何形状而不偏离本发明的预期范围。清洁制品10通常包括纤维填料12和包裹物14。纤维填料12可为非粘结的或经由熔融纤维粘结的。纤维填料12是缠结纤维的三维幅材,这些缠结纤维在其相互接触点处通过充当粘结剂组分的双组分纤维、共轭纤维和/或低熔点纤维而彼此粘结。纤维填料12的一个功能是吸收液体。在一个实施方案中,纤维填料12的吸收率为纤维填料12的干重的至少约10倍,具体地纤维填料12的干重的约15倍,更具体地纤维填料12的干重的约20倍,并且最具体地纤维填料12的干重的约30倍。
相比于目前市场上用于吸收液体的其他材料诸如泡沫,纤维填料12需要较少的材料来吸收相同或更多的液体。由于纤维填料12需要较少的材料,因此清洁制品10相比于市场上的其他现有产品可以较低的成本制备并且更具可持续性。在一个实施方案中,纤维填料12具有约0.03g/m3或更低,具体地约0.025g/m3或更低,并且更具体地约0.02g/m3或更低的密度。
相比于目前市场上用于吸收液体的其他材料,纤维填料12还具有较低的压缩力。因此,纤维填料12需要较小的压缩力以将液体挤出纤维填料12,从而导致更容易的冲洗和更快的干燥时间。在一个实施方案中,纤维填料12具有约9Kgf或更低,具体地约4Kgf或更低,并且更具体地约2Kgf或更低的压缩力。
纤维填料12由缠结纤维16构成。在一个实施方案中,纤维输入源可包括但不限于合成热塑性聚合物短纤维。纤维组分还可包括双组分纤维和/或共轭纤维,它们通常并且优选地为纤维组合物的粘结剂组分。在一个实施方案中,纤维纤度在介于约2旦尼尔和约1000旦尼尔之间,具体地介于约2旦尼尔和约100旦尼尔之间,并且更具体地介于3旦尼尔和约15旦尼尔之间的范围内。在一个实施方案中,短纤维长度介于约30mm和约120mm之间,具体地介于约40mm和约100mm之间,并且更具体地介于约50mm和约60mm之间。
在一个实施方案中,纤维填料12由可持续性材料构成。即,纤维材料可为可生物降解的、生物基可再循环的、可堆肥的、或者由再循环材料制成。可构成纤维填料的合适的可持续性材料的示例包括但不限于:天然纤维、天然源纤维、再循环的合成纤维或可生物降解的合成纤维。天然纤维的示例包括但不限于:竹子、剑麻、龙舌兰、椰子、亚麻、大麻以及它们的组合。天然源纤维(包括得自可再生资源的天然源纤维)的示例包括但不限于:人造丝、得自竹子的人造丝、聚交酯(PLA)以及它们的组合。再循环的合成纤维的示例包括但不限于再循环的PET、再循环的尼龙、它们的组合,并且还可包括工业后和/或消费后的材料。可生物降解的合成纤维的示例包括但不限于:粘胶纤维和可熔融加工的纤维,诸如聚乳酸(PLA)、聚琥珀酸丁二醇酯(PBS)、聚乙醇酸、聚酯酰胺、二聚酸聚酰胺、聚羟基链烷酸酯(PHA)、聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)、PLA/PBS的共混物、PLA/二聚酸聚酰胺的共混物、PBS/二聚酸聚酰胺的共混物、PHA/PHB的共混物、PHA/PLA的共混物、PHA/PBS的共混物、具有配混到聚合物基质中的亲水性表面活性剂的所有前述树脂以及它们的组合物。亲水性表面活性剂的示例包括但不限于:聚氧乙烯椰油基单乙醇酰胺、磺基丁二酸-1,4-双(2-乙基己基)酯的钠盐、以及这些表面活性剂的约50∶50比率的共混物。
在一个实施方案中,纤维填料12为非织造填料。非织造填料可通过气流成网工艺、垂直搭接工艺、梳理工艺或吹塑微纤维工艺来制备。在气流成网工艺中,非织造填料由预制备的、短切的和卷曲的纤维构成。在一个实施方案中,纤维具有介于约1英寸和约3英寸之间的长度,并且具有约5个至约个卷曲/英寸。纤维以紧密堆积的“捆”提供并穿过拆开器。合适的拆开器的示例为法国布莱克(Bracker,France)的Reiter拆捆器。然后使纤维在纤维拆开设备中个体化。合适的纤维拆开设备的示例为德国亚琛(Aachen,Germany)的HergethHollingsworth梳理机。然后将纤维传送到气流成网机。合适的气流成网机的示例为纽约州马其顿(Macedon,NY)的Rando Webber。在一个实施方案中,来自气流成网机的输出在至多约3英寸的厚度下可在约25g/m2至约2500g/m2的基重范围内。
在垂直搭接工艺中,可使用本领域已知的标准纤维共混和纤维梳理设备来制备垂直搭接材料以形成非织造幅材。然后可将所得的非织造幅材馈送到垂直搭接机中,该垂直搭接机将幅材前后折叠到其自身上,从而产生具有垂直搭接结构的非织造垫。非织造垫随后可进行热粘结。在一个实施方案中,通过使非织造幅材穿过通风烘箱来实现热粘结。这种垂直搭接的材料可通过使用以下机器、系统和材料来构造:名称为“用于平面纤维形状的垂直分层的装置(A DEVICE FOR STRICALLY LAMINING OF PLAYERAL FIBROUS ORIGHTS)”的国际公布WO 99/61693中所公开的机器,该公布的全部内容据此以引用方式并入;由澳大利亚V-Lap PTY有限公司(V-Lap PTY Ltd,Australia)制造并且如例如W02006/092029中所述的V-Lap垂直搭接系统(V-Lap Vertical Lapping System),该专利的全部内容据此以引用方式并入;以及使用由Russell S.J.在2007年在英国剑桥伍德海德出版社出版的《非织造物手册》(Russell S.J.:Handbook of Nonwovens,Woodhead Publishing Limited,Cambridge,England,2007)中的第2.12章中所述的Struto系统(Struto国际有限公司(Struto International Inc.))制造的STRUTO材料,该文献的全部内容据此以引用方式并入。在垂直搭接工艺中,可制备具有相对良好抗压缩性的非常厚、低密度的幅材。这通过采用非常平坦的幅材形成垂直“撑条”并将其折叠成竖直褶绉来实现,如图2所示。图2还提供了所得幅材的剖视图。垂直搭接设备输出可具有介于约0.5英寸和约2英寸之间的厚度。
可将其他材料添加到纤维填料12中以用于特殊目的,包括但不限于:助磨剂、润滑剂、润湿剂、表面活性剂、颜料、染料、着色剂、填料、芳香剂、偶联剂、增塑剂、柔和磨料、交联剂、抗静电剂、抗氧化剂、抗微生物剂、抗真菌剂、颗粒和悬浮剂。可添加材料以用于功能目的或美观目的。例如,染料、着色剂、芳香剂和颗粒可用于美观目的。
本发明的包裹物14为多孔材料,并且主要用于从表面清洁或擦洗碎屑。包裹物14包围纤维填料并提供柔性的研磨表面,该研磨表面可用于在接触并摩擦表面时移除碎屑,同时还是可透气的。这允许液体被吸收并从纤维填料中被冲洗掉。
包裹物14可包括彼此叠置的多根细丝和多根单丝。在一个实施方案中,包裹物14可为网状材料,其中单丝可与细丝叠置并形成扭曲结构。包裹物14包括主链结构和位于主链结构中的网络结构。包裹物的主链结构由多根细丝和多根单丝形成,并且包裹物14的网络结构由多根细丝形成。该多根细丝被设置成在不同的预定方向上延伸并且彼此交叉,从而形成栅格状主链结构。即,主链结构可形成为连续的多边形形状。
包裹物14可通过本领域的技术人员已知的任何方法来包裹并包围纤维填料。例如,包裹物14可通过使用以下选择来保持到纤维填料12:粘合剂、夹具、密封、缝合或焊接。在一个实施方案中,包裹物为包围纤维填料并被缝合的结网材料的套筒的形式。图2示出了定位在纤维填料12周围的包裹物14。在另一个实施方案中,包裹物14为套筒的形式,该套筒由结网材料和织造布的组合制成。虽然包裹物14被示为完全包围纤维填料12,但在不脱离本发明的预期范围的情况下,包裹物可覆盖任何量的纤维填料12。
包裹物14可由本领域已知的擦洗和可透气的任何材料构成。例如,包裹物14可由包括但不限于以下的材料构成:结网、非织造物、织造布、针织布、微纤维、穿孔膜或它们的组合。例如,包裹物14可由包括但不限于以下的材料构成:金属线材、细丝、裂膜细丝、纤维的栅格状织物或它们的组合。擦洗能力可归因于所使用的材料或者包裹材料的形式、形状和切分。例如,包裹物14可包括间隙、凹槽、突起或其他纹理。包裹物14中的间隙可通过本领域中任何已知的方法来产生,包括但不限于冲压或压印。在一个实施方案中,包裹物14允许清洁制品在5,550个循环中清洁至少约0.1个食品污垢面板,具体地在5,550个循环中清洁至少约1个食品污垢面板,并且更具体地在5,550个循环中清洁至少约2.5个食品污垢面板。
虽然包裹物14为本发明的清洁制品10提供擦洗能力,但在一个实施方案中,本发明的清洁制品10为非刮擦的,这意味着它不会刮擦被清洁的表面。因此,包裹物14具有足够的研磨性以充分地清洁表面,同时最大程度地降低表面的任何刮擦。在一个实施方案中,清洁制品10具有约3.5或更低,并且具体地约2或更低的席费尔(Schiefer)刮擦评级。
在一个实施方案中,包裹物14由可持续性材料构成。即,包裹物14可为可生物降解的、生物基可再循环的、可堆肥的、或者由再循环材料制成。在一个实施方案中,包裹物14可由回收塑料诸如消费后的塑料瓶制成。可构成包裹物14的合适的可持续性材料的示例包括但不限于:天然纤维、天然源纤维、再循环的合成纤维或可生物降解的合成纤维。天然纤维的示例包括但不限于:竹子、剑麻、亚麻、大麻以及它们的组合。天然源纤维(包括得自可再生源的天然源纤维)的示例包括但不限于:人造丝、得自竹子的人造丝、聚交酯(PLA)以及它们的组合。再循环的合成纤维的示例包括但不限于再循环的PET、再循环的尼龙、它们的组合,并且还可包括工业后和/或消费后的材料。可生物降解的合成纤维的示例包括但不限于:粘胶纤维和可熔融加工的纤维,诸如聚乳酸(PLA)、聚琥珀酸丁二醇酯(PBS)、聚乙醇酸、聚酯酰胺、二聚酸聚酰胺、聚羟基链烷酸酯(PHA)、聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)、PLA/PBS的共混物、PLA/二聚酸聚酰胺的共混物、PBS/二聚酸聚酰胺的共混物、PHA/PHB的共混物、PHA/PLA的共混物、PHA/PBS的共混物、具有配混到聚合物基质中的亲水性表面活性剂的所有前述树脂以及它们的组合物。亲水性表面活性剂的示例包括但不限于:聚氧乙烯椰油基单乙醇酰胺、磺基丁二酸-1,4-双(2-乙基己基)酯的钠盐、以及这些表面活性剂的约50∶50比率的共混物。
实施例
在以下仅意图用作例证的实施例中更具体地描述本发明,这是由于本发明范围内的许多修改和变型对于本领域技术人员而言将显而易见。除非另有说明,否则以下实施例中报告的所有份数、百分比和比率是基于重量的。
材料
Figure BDA0003182310050000071
Figure BDA0003182310050000081
实施例1
实施例1的纤维填料为通过垂直搭接非织造工艺制造的极其膨松有弹性的非织造幅材。所用的短纤维为再循环的聚酯(PET)纤维,其中双组分纤维被用作粘结剂组分。
为了实现包裹,通过撕开一个端部接缝来从SCOTCH-BRITETM Dobie擦洗垫移除聚丙烯网片。然后使用剪刀将垂直搭接的非织造幅材切分成3.7英寸至4.3英寸的长度和2.5英寸至3.0英寸的宽度,并用手将其插入聚丙烯网片内,并且重新缝合端部接缝。
实施例2至实施例5
实施例2至实施例5的纤维填料为利用常规气流成网幅材成形机(以商品名“RANDO-WEBBER”购自纽约州马其顿的兰道机器公司(Rando Machine Corporation,Macedon,New York))制造的极其膨松有弹性的非织造幅材。如果使用不同的短纤维,则按重量百分比来共混短纤维。非织造幅材的厚度在15mm至30.0mm的范围内,并且幅材的面积重量(基重)在100克/平方米(gsm)至400克/平方米的范围内。然后使非织造幅材穿过温度在100-250℃范围内的通风烘箱,从而产生预粘结的、膨松有弹性的非织造幅材。
为了实现包裹,通过撕开一个端部接缝来从SCOTCH-BRITETM Dobie擦洗垫移除结网的聚丙烯网片。然后使用剪刀将非织造幅材切分成3.7英寸至4.3英寸的长度和2.5英寸至3.0英寸的宽度,并随后用手将其插入聚丙烯网片内,并且重新缝合端部接缝。
表1列出了实施例1至实施例5中所用的非织造材料。
表1.
Figure BDA0003182310050000082
Figure BDA0003182310050000091
比较例1和比较例2
表2列出了比较例A和比较例B中所用的材料。比较例A和比较例B为商业产品并且不包括纤维填料材料。
表2.
Figure BDA0003182310050000092
测试方法和测试结果
席费尔刮擦测试
执行席费尔刮擦测试以评估覆盖有得自SCOTCH-BRITETM Dobie擦洗垫的聚丙烯网片的实施例1的纤维填料材料以及比较例A和比较例B的产品的相对研磨性。该测试按照与美国专利号5,626,512(Palaidors等人)中所述大致类似的方式来执行。将纤维填料材料切分成圆形垫(直径为8.25cm)。在2.25kg的负载下,用以约250rpm旋转5000转的圆形纤维填料垫进行测试,其中水以40滴/分钟至60滴/分钟的速率施加到圆形丙烯酸类工件(直径为10.16cm)的表面。结果以三个样品的视觉评级或视觉评级的平均值给出,其中丙烯酸类盘上留下1至5的刮擦图案。席费尔刮擦视觉评级提供于表3中。
表3.
Figure BDA0003182310050000093
席费尔刮擦测试的结果提供于表4中。
表4.
实施例 席费尔刮擦测试(通过/未通过)
实施例1 通过
比较例A 通过
比较例B 通过
制品清洁功效测试
制品清洁功效测试按照与美国专利号5,626,512(Palaikis等人)中所述大致类似的方式来执行。用由120克牛奶、60克切达干酪、120克汉堡包、120克番茄汁、120克樱桃汁、20克面粉以及100粒颗粒状糖和一个蛋制成的食品污垢混合物来涂布直径为8.25cm的18号不锈钢面板。将涂布的面板在230℃的烘箱中烘烤14分钟,最终的涂布重量小于0.5克。
将覆盖有得自SCOTCH-BRITETM Dobie擦洗垫的聚丙烯网片的实施例1以及比较例A和比较例B切分成圆形垫(直径为8.25cm)。使用与席费尔刮擦测试中相同的仪器,在2.25kg的负载下,用以250rpm旋转20分钟的样品进行测试,其中水以60滴/分钟至80滴/分钟的速率施加到圆形涂布面板(直径为10.16cm)的表面。然后在2.25kg的施加力下,在涂布的面板上来回地运行样品,直至涂布的面板清洁(在视觉上没有涂布的材料保留在面板上)。记录得到清洁面板所需的循环数(速率为大约267转/分钟)。如果未达到20分钟,则将附加的食品污垢面板置于保持器中并持续直至达到20分钟。结果以在20分钟内清洁的面板数给出。席费尔刮擦测试的结果提供于表5中。
表5.
实施例 清洁功效测试(在20分钟内清洁的面板数)
实施例1 2.5
比较例A 2.5
比较例B 2.5
制品起泡测试
将覆盖有得自SCOTCH-BRITETM Dobie擦洗垫的聚丙烯网片的实施例1以及比较例A和比较例B冲洗干净。然后将样品完全浸没在含有大约500ml的4%水性碟皂溶液的托盘中。用手挤压样品少于5次,直到视觉观察到起泡。视觉评级提供于表6中。
表6.
视觉起泡评级 说明 接受标准
1 没有可见的起泡。 未通过
2 太少至没有起泡。 未通过
3 中度起泡。 通过
4 显著起泡。 通过
起泡测试的结果提供于下表7中。
表7.
实施例 起泡测试(通过/未通过)
实施例1 通过
比较例A 通过
比较例B 通过
针对其自身重量的倍数来进行制品吸水率测试
测定实施例1至实施例5以及比较例A和比较例B的吸水率,以确定它们可吸收的水的最大量。为了测试吸水率,仅测试实施例1至实施例5的纤维填料和比较例A和比较例B的泡沫填料。通过使水流动通过样品并拧干样品直至样品停止起泡来将样品冲洗干净。将样品置于200°F烘箱中进行干燥并且干燥直至它们的重量不发生变化。记录干重“A”。然后将样品浸入大约46℃的温自来水中,挤压以移除截留的空气,然后使其吸水大约一分钟。然后移出样品并使其在空气中滴水一分钟以移除过量的水。将每个样品的初始重量记录为“A”,并且将20秒后的湿重记录为“B”。填料吸水率“C”被定义为从其初始干重保留下来的水的总量,并且使用下式计算:
填料吸水率C=(B-A)/A。
实施例1至实施例5以及比较例A和比较例B的填料的制品吸水率测试的结果提供于表8中。
表8.
实施例 初始重量(g) 20秒后的湿重(g) 吸水率为干重的倍数(g/g)
实施例1 2.98 93.90 30.51
实施例2 2.98 89.16 28.92
实施例3 2.62 69.05 25.35
实施例4 2.63 74.5 27.33
实施例5 3.08 75.50 23.51
比较例A 2.66 13.78 4.18
比较例B 5.33 57.03 9.70
材料密度测试
实施例1至实施例5的纤维填料以及比较例A和比较例B的泡沫填料的长度(l)、宽度(w)和厚度(t)使用数字卡尺(500-196-30,Mitutoyo)以毫米为单位来测量。每个样品的体积(m3)通过将每个样品的长度、宽度和厚度相乘来计算并且随后被记录。使用数字天平(得自梅特勒-托利多(Mettler Toledo)的PM 400)测量材料干重(g),精确到0.001克。使用下式来计算样品的密度:
密度=干重(g)/体积(m3)
材料密度测试的结果提供于下表9中。
表9.
实施例 密度测试(g/m<sup>3</sup>)
实施例1 0.020
实施例2 0.013
实施例3 0.017
实施例4 0.015
实施例5 0.017
比较例A 0.035
比较例B 0.045
制品压缩测试
抗压缩性被定义为将制品压缩到10毫米的设定点所需的以牛顿计的力。使用得自查狄伦(Chatillon)的LF Plus Tensile Frame来执行测试。顶板的尺寸为5.5英寸×4英寸。将5,000N的负荷传感器安装在张力测试仪中。将压缩速率设定为100mm/min。将实施例1至实施例5的纤维非织造填料以及比较例A和比较例B的泡沫填料置于张力测试仪的保持器中。记录由张力测试仪报告的压缩样品所需的以千克-力(kgf)为单位的力。制品压缩测试的结果提供于表10中。
表10.
实施例 压缩测试(Kgf)
实施例1 1.22
实施例2 1.83
实施例3 0.61
实施例4 1.66
实施例5 1.79
比较例A 9.95
比较例B 30.41
非织造纤维尺寸测试
利用光学显微镜仪器(得自基恩士(Keyence)的VHX数字显微镜)测量实施例和比较例的填充材料的纤维直径。在200x放大率的显微镜下观察样品,并且拍摄它们的图像。然后将图像与比例尺一起使用以确定以毫米为单位的纤维直径。纤维尺寸列于下表11中。
表11.
实施例 非织造纤维尺寸测试(mm)
实施例1 0.022
实施例2 0.025
实施例3 0.074
实施例4 0.077
实施例5 0.065
比较例A -
比较例B -
尽管本文已示出和描述了本发明具体实施方案,但是应当理解,这些实施方案仅是示例性地展示了应用本发明原理时可设计的许多可能的具体布置。本领域的普通技术人员可根据这些原理在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的前提下设计出许多并且不同的其他布置方式。因此,本发明的范围不应限于本专利申请中所述的结构,而只应受权利要求书的文字所述的结构及其等同结构的限制。

Claims (20)

1.一种清洁制品,所述清洁制品包括:
纤维填料;和
包裹物,所述包裹物至少部分地包围所述纤维填料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的清洁制品,其中所述纤维填料为气流成网非织造物、垂直搭接的非织造物、梳理的非织造物和吹塑微纤维非织造物中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的清洁制品,其中所述包裹物为结网、非织造物、织造布、针织布、微纤维、穿孔膜或它们的组合中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的清洁制品,其中所述清洁制品用于家居清洁应用或化妆品清洁应用。
5.根据权利要求1所述的清洁制品,其中所述清洁制品在5,550个循环中清洁至少约0.1个食品污垢面板。
6.根据权利要求5所述的清洁制品,其中所述清洁制品在5,550个循环中清洁至少约1个食品污垢面板。
7.根据权利要求1所述的清洁制品,其中所述纤维填料的吸收率为所述纤维填料的干重的至少约10倍。
8.根据权利要求7所述的清洁制品,其中所述纤维填料的吸收率为所述纤维填料的干重的至少约20倍。
9.根据权利要求1所述的清洁制品,其中所述清洁制品具有约3.5或更低的席费尔刮擦等级。
10.根据权利要求1所述的清洁制品,其中所述纤维填料和所述包裹物中的至少一者至少部分地由可持续性材料构成。
11.根据权利要求1所述的清洁制品,其中所述纤维填料具有约0.03g/m3
或更低的密度。
12.根据权利要求11所述的清洁制品,其中所述纤维填料具有约0.025g/m3或更低的密度。
13.根据权利要求1所述的清洁制品,其中所述纤维填料具有约9Kgf或更低的压缩力。
14.根据权利要求13所述的清洁制品,其中所述纤维填料具有约4Kgf或更低的压缩力。
15.根据权利要求14所述的清洁制品,其中所述纤维填料为非织造物。
16.根据权利要求1所述的清洁制品,其中所述纤维填料包括纤度介于约2旦尼尔和约1000旦尼尔之间的纤维。
17.一种用于家居清洁的擦洗垫,所述擦洗垫包括:
纤维填料;和
包裹物,所述包裹物至少部分地包围所述纤维填料,
其中所述擦洗垫在5,550个循环中清洁至少约0.1个食品污垢面板。
18.根据权利要求17所述的擦洗垫,其中所述纤维填料的吸收率为所述纤维填料的干重的至少约10倍。
19.根据权利要求17所述的擦洗垫,其中所述纤维填料具有约0.03g/m3或更低的密度。
20.根据权利要求17所述的擦洗垫,其中所述纤维填料包括纤度介于约2旦尼尔和约1000旦尼尔之间的纤维。
CN202080011130.9A 2019-01-29 2020-01-28 擦洗垫 Pending CN113423320A (zh)

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