CN113420457A - End slope stability analysis method for open pit coal mine steep wall mining - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an end slope stability analysis method for open pit coal mine steep wall mining, which comprises the following steps: analyzing stability influence factors and potential landslide modes of the end slope of the opencast coal mine; determining an end slope safety reserve coefficient; determining the final shape of the steep wall mining end slope; establishing a three-dimensional numerical model to analyze the change characteristics of the deformation and damage law of the lower end slope and the slope stability coefficient at different tracking distances; and determining the tracking distance of the inner row and carrying out steep wall mining. According to the method for analyzing the stability of the end slope of the steep side mining of the open pit coal mine, the slope which cannot be subjected to steep side mining is judged to have new mining possibility by the two-dimensional slope analysis method, the benefit maximization after the integral slope angle design is realized, the coal resource can be fully recovered, the production stripping ratio is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of open pit mining, and particularly relates to an end slope stability analysis method for steep wall mining of an open pit coal mine.
Background
Most strip mines in China are affected by the stripping ratio in the production process, so that the annual yield or the economic benefit cannot be maximized. When the opencast coal mine designs the side slope angle, the time effect that the end slope of the stope is periodically formed and disappears in the excavation and inner drainage processes of a mining area is mostly not considered, and the whole designed side slope angle is over-conservative when the side slope with timeliness is regarded as permanent service. Moreover, the number of security flat discs and transportation flat discs arranged on the end slope is too large, and the width of the flat discs usually exceeds the design requirement, so that the slope angle is directly small, and a large amount of coal resources are wasted. Therefore, the method improves the whole slope angle of the end slope, reasonably optimizes the slope form, implements the steep slope mining technology, and becomes a main mode for fully recovering coal resources, reducing the production stripping ratio and improving the economic benefit of open-pit coal mines in China.
The slope form design of the open pit coal mine usually adopts a static limit balance theory to calculate the stability, simplifies the complex three-dimensional slope subjected to dual retaining of a stope working side and an inner soil discharge field into a two-dimensional slope problem to be processed, and cannot comprehensively and accurately reflect the three-dimensional characteristics and the accurate stability state of the slope.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the method for analyzing the stability of the end slope of the open pit coal mine steep wall mining, which realizes the maximization of benefits after the design of the whole slope angle, can fully recover coal resources, reduce the production stripping ratio and improve the economic benefit.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an end slope stability analysis method for open pit coal mine steep wall mining, which comprises the following steps:
s1: analyzing stability influence factors and potential landslide modes of the open pit coal mine end slope, and evaluating the feasibility of steep wall mining of each mine end slope on the basis of ensuring slope safety and raw coal production continuation by combining actual production requirements;
s2: determining an end slope safety reserve coefficient, and comprehensively considering the type of a side slope, geological conditions, the mastering degree of each component physical and mechanical index and the potential landslide hazard degree to determine the end slope safety reserve coefficient;
s3: determining the final shape of the steep wall mining end slope, comprehensively considering the end wall coal recovery quantity and the slope stability, designing a steep wall mining scheme meeting the production requirement of open pit coal mines, selecting a typical engineering geological profile, and calculating the slope stability coefficient after steep wall mining to be FS1When F isS1When the ratio is more than or equal to 1.2, the steep wall mining can be directly carried out, and when F is greater than or equal to 1.2S1When the number is less than 1.2, the next analysis is needed;
s4: by using FLAC3D numerical simulation as a research means, a three-dimensional numerical model is established to analyze deformation and damage rules and slope stability coefficients F of the lower end slope with different tracking distancesS2A change in characteristic of (a);
s5: determining an inner-row tracking distance, the slope stability factor decreasing with increasing inner-row tracking distance, and at F, according to the analysis of step S3S2And (4) determining the optimal inner row tracking distance under the condition that the tracking distance is not less than 1.2, and implementing steep wall mining.
Optionally, in step S1, analyzing the feasibility of steep wall mining to analyze the geological conditions and stability of the slope engineering of the open pit coal mine; the stability influence factors of the open pit coal mine end slope comprise one or more of the mineral composition of rock, a geological structure surface in the rock, water, vibration, tectonic stress, mining engineering activity, weathering, form and exposure time;
potential landslide modes are circular, planar, wedge, and compound.
Further, in step S2, the degree of grasp of the physical mechanical indexes of the respective components is to perform a mechanical experiment on the rock-soil mass of the respective components to obtain the physical mechanical indexes of the end slope rock-soil mass.
Optionally, in step S3, the typical engineering geological profile is an engineering geological profile capable of truly reflecting the state of the end slope of the opencast coal mine.
The shape of the end slope of the strip mine depends on the arrangement mode and platform parameters of the transportation platform and the security platform, and the shape of the end slope can be optimized by adjusting the arrangement mode and platform width of the transportation platform and the security platform on the premise of ensuring the stability of the end slope, so that the slope angle of the end slope is improved. On the basis of analyzing the stability of the originally designed end slope of the strip mine, the slope form of end slope steep wall mining is optimized, the relation between the tracking distance of the inner discharge pressure slope and the slope stability coefficient is determined through three-dimensional numerical simulation analysis of the end slope inner discharge tracking pressure slope steep wall mining slope, and the reasonable inner discharge pressure slope tracking distance can control the slope stability.
From the above, the method for analyzing the stability of the end slope of the steep wall mining of the opencast coal mine fully considers the three-dimensional characteristics of the dual branch of the stope and the inner soil discharge field of the end slope of the opencast coal mine. The mining method for the slope with the advancing rate, which cannot be subjected to steep side mining, is judged by the two-dimensional slope analysis method, so that the benefit maximization after the design of the whole slope angle is realized, the coal resources can be fully recovered, the production stripping ratio is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description is given in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, together with the accompanying drawings.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an end slope stability analysis method of open pit coal mine steep side mining of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the most dangerous slip surface and stability factor before the end slope of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an end help three-dimensional numerical model according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. In the referenced drawings, the same or similar components in different drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the method for analyzing the end slope stability of open pit coal mine steep wall mining according to the present invention combines the time efficiency and the three-dimensional support effect of the slope, so as to make the calculation result more accurate, and includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and analyzing stability influence factors and potential landslide modes of the end slope of the open pit coal mine, and evaluating the feasibility of steep wall mining of each mine end slope on the basis of ensuring slope safety and raw coal production continuation by combining actual production requirements. And analyzing the side slope engineering geological condition and stability of the open pit coal mine according to the feasibility analysis of the steep side mining. The stability influencing factors of the open pit coal mine end slope comprise one or more of the mineral composition of rock, geological structure surface in the rock, water, vibration, tectonic stress, mining engineering activity, weathering, form and exposure time. The potential landslide modes are arc sliding, plane sliding, wedge sliding and combined sliding.
Step two: and determining an end slope safety reserve coefficient, comprehensively considering the type of the side slope, the geological condition, the mastering degree of each component physical and mechanical index and the potential landslide hazard degree, and determining the end slope safety reserve coefficient to be S. The mastery degree of the physical mechanical indexes of all the components is to perform mechanical experiments on the rock-soil mass of all the components to obtain the physical mechanical indexes of the rock-soil mass of the end slope.
Step three: determining the final shape of the steep wall mining end slope, comprehensively considering the end wall coal recovery quantity and the slope stability, designing a steep wall mining scheme meeting the production requirement of open pit coal mines, selecting a typical engineering geological profile, and calculating the slope stability coefficient after steep wall mining to be FS1. When F is presentS1When the ratio is more than or equal to 1.2, the steep wall mining can be directly carried out, and when F is greater than or equal to 1.2S1If the value is less than 1.2, the next analysis is required. The typical engineering geological profile is an engineering geological profile capable of truly reflecting the state of the end slope of the opencast coal mine.
Step four: three-dimensional stability analysis, stability of end slope and excavation position and sectionBesides the influence of the form, the tracking distance between the stope working slope and the inner soil discharge field is an important factor influencing the three-dimensional stability of the end slope side slope. By using FLAC3D numerical simulation as a research means, a three-dimensional numerical model is established to analyze deformation and damage rules and slope stability coefficients F of the lower end slope with different tracking distancesS2The change characteristic of (2).
Step five: determining the inner-row tracking distance according to the general rule that the slope stability coefficient is reduced along with the increase of the inner-row tracking distance, and performing the analysis in step F according to the analysis result in step threeS2And (4) determining the optimal inner row tracking distance under the condition that the tracking distance is not less than 1.2, and implementing steep wall mining.
Example (b): the Antaeburg strip mine is located in the north of Ningwu coal field, and the surface of the earth is mostly covered by the new world stratum. The coal seams which can be mainly mined in the area are 4 coal seams, 9 coal seams and 11 coal seams, wherein the 4 coal seams are positioned at the top of the Taiyuan, the spacing between the 4 coal seams and the 9 coal seams is 25.35-61.11 m, the average thickness is 47.14m, the spacing between the 9 coal seams and the 11 coal seams is 1.90-13.36 m, and the average thickness is 9.41 m. The mine belongs to a near-horizontal coal seam open-pit mine, an inner discharge pressure side mining program is adopted, an inner soil discharge field and a stope develop in a tracking mode, and the exposed area and the existing time of an end side slope are relatively short. For the slope engineering geological conditions like the open pit area of Antaibao, a certain adjusting room exists for the final slope angle of the end slope according to the aging slope theory.
And (3) according to the engineering geological characteristics of the end slope of the Antaiborg open-pit mine, selecting a Morgensten-Price method to perform stability analysis and evaluation on the end slope of the Antaiborg open-pit mine. The stability coefficients Fs of the original designed slope of the east end slope of the Antaiburg strip mine meet the requirement of a safety reserve coefficient of 1.2, and the slope angle of the end slope is properly improved and the steep-slope mining condition is realized through the analysis of the slope safety.
According to the occurrence positions of the coal seams at the end slope, the combination of the final end slope constituent elements of the end slope and the function of a boundary step flat plate, the principle of safely, economically and efficiently recovering the end slope pressing and covering coal resources is adopted, the steep-slope mining scheme is provided, and the stability analysis is carried out on the steep-slope side slope through a steep-slope mining party. The result shows that when the stripping and mining engineering is deepened to 11 coal floors, the slope stability coefficients of all sections of the steep slope when the sections are deepened to different positions all meet Fs & gt 1, but the Fs & lt 1.2 when the sliding surface outlet of each section is located at 11 coal floors.
By utilizing the three-dimensional effect generated by the inner discharge pressure wall, the slope stability coefficient Fs is more than or equal to 1.2, and the slope safety in the steep wall mining process is ensured. A FLAC3D numerical simulation is used as a research means, a three-dimensional numerical model of the inner row tracking pressing side of the east end side of Anteiburg is established under the condition that the slope angles of the earth-removing working side, the stope working side and the east end side are known, and the deformation damage law and the slope stability coefficient change characteristics of the east end side slope under the conditions that the tracking distances are 50m, 75m and 100m are analyzed. The result shows that the slope stability coefficient under the condition of 3 different inner row tracking distances can meet the engineering requirement, and when the inner row tracking distance is 50m, the stability coefficient of the east-end side slope is 1.38; when the tracking distance is 75m, the slope stability coefficient is 1.35; when the tracking distance is 100m, the slope stability coefficient is 1.32.
The implementation of the inner row tracking distance has a significant effect on improving the stability of the east-end side slope of the Antaeburg. The slope stability coefficient is reduced along with the increase of the inner-row tracking distance, and when the inner-row tracking distance is within the range of 100m, the slope stability can be controlled.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (4)
1. An end slope stability analysis method for open pit coal mine steep wall mining is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: analyzing stability influence factors and potential landslide modes of the open pit coal mine end slope, and evaluating the feasibility of steep wall mining of each mine end slope on the basis of ensuring slope safety and raw coal production continuation by combining actual production requirements;
s2: determining an end slope safety reserve coefficient, and comprehensively considering the type of a side slope, geological conditions, the mastering degree of each component physical and mechanical index and the potential landslide hazard degree to determine the end slope safety reserve coefficient;
s3: determining the final shape of the steep wall mining end slope, comprehensively considering the end wall coal recovery quantity and the slope stability, designing a steep wall mining scheme meeting the production requirement of open pit coal mines, selecting a typical engineering geological profile, and calculating the slope stability coefficient after steep wall mining to be FS1When F isS1When the ratio is more than or equal to 1.2, the steep wall mining can be directly carried out, and when F is greater than or equal to 1.2S1When the number is less than 1.2, the next analysis is needed;
s4: by using FLAC3D numerical simulation as a research means, a three-dimensional numerical model is established to analyze deformation and damage rules and slope stability coefficients F of the lower end slope with different tracking distancesS2A change in characteristic of (a);
s5: determining an inner-row tracking distance, the slope stability factor decreasing with increasing inner-row tracking distance, and at F, according to the analysis of step S3S2And (4) determining the optimal inner row tracking distance under the condition that the tracking distance is not less than 1.2, and implementing steep wall mining.
2. The method for analyzing end slope stability of highwall mining of an opencast coal mine according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the feasibility analysis of highwall mining is to analyze the slope engineering geological conditions and stability of the opencast coal mine; the stability influence factors of the open pit coal mine end slope comprise one or more of the mineral composition of rock, a geological structure surface in the rock, water, vibration, tectonic stress, mining engineering activity, weathering, form and exposure time;
potential landslide modes are circular, planar, wedge, and compound.
3. The method for analyzing the end slope stability in open-pit coal mine steep wall mining according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the mastering degree of the physical and mechanical indexes of each constituent part is to perform a mechanical experiment on the rock-soil mass of each constituent part to obtain the physical and mechanical indexes of the end slope rock-soil mass.
4. The method of analyzing highwall slope stability of opencast coal mine highwall mining according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the typical engineering geological profile is an engineering geological profile that can truly reflect the state of the highwall slope of the opencast coal mine.
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| CN114278299A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-05 | 中煤科工集团沈阳设计研究院有限公司 | Stability control method for down-dip weak layer side slope of open pit coal mine |
| CN114278299B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-11-24 | 中煤科工集团沈阳设计研究院有限公司 | Stability control method for forward-inclined weak layer slope of open pit coal mine |
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