CN114278299A - Stability control method for down-dip weak layer side slope of open pit coal mine - Google Patents
Stability control method for down-dip weak layer side slope of open pit coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114278299A CN114278299A CN202111404785.5A CN202111404785A CN114278299A CN 114278299 A CN114278299 A CN 114278299A CN 202111404785 A CN202111404785 A CN 202111404785A CN 114278299 A CN114278299 A CN 114278299A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stability control method for a downdip weak layer slope of an open pit coal mine, which comprises the steps of determining a reserved slope stability coefficient; calculating the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar platform: calculating to obtain the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar platform to be reserved; calculating slope stability coefficients under different internal row pressing wall heights layer by layer to obtain the height required by the internal row pressing wall; judging whether the actual slope stability coefficient is larger than or equal to the reserved slope stability coefficient or not; if so, reserving a safety coal pillar platform according to the determined horizontal elevation and width of the safety coal pillar platform, and performing coal pillar extraction and inner discharge pressure slope according to the height required by the inner discharge pressure slope; otherwise, the step of calculating the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar platform is carried out. According to the invention, the slope stability coefficient of the reserve is reasonably determined, and the slope with potential safety hazards is timely lined up by reserving the safety coal pillar platform, so that the stability of the slope is improved, and the slope can be reserved for a longer time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of open pit mining, in particular to a stability control method for a down-dip weak layer side slope of an open pit coal mine.
Background
At present, in open-pit mining in China, slope stability is a key factor for limiting the stopability of a slope and the slope safety, and is influenced by mining boundaries, slope angles and coal seam occurrence conditions, and the slope stability of a down-dip coal seam open-pit coal mine is relatively poor.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: generally, the method of transversely mining the inner row, namely controlling the exposed length of a slope weak layer and timely tracking the inner row is adopted in the industry to solve the problem. But when the conditions that the inner row and the inner row follow-up speed cannot be followed up are realized, the timeliness of pressing the side wall by the inner row is limited, the exposure time of the side slope is too long, and the side slope has potential safety hazards.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a stability control method for a downdip weak layer side slope of an open pit coal mine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a stability control method for a downdip weak layer side slope of an open pit coal mine, which comprises the following steps:
determining a slope stability coefficient of the reserve;
calculating the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar platform: calculating to obtain the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar platform to be reserved;
calculating slope stability coefficients under different internal row pressing wall heights layer by layer to obtain the height required by the internal row pressing wall;
judging whether the actual slope stability coefficient is larger than or equal to the reserved slope stability coefficient or not;
if so, reserving a safety coal pillar platform according to the determined horizontal elevation and width of the safety coal pillar platform, and performing coal pillar extraction and inner discharge pressure slope according to the height required by the inner discharge pressure slope; otherwise, the step of calculating the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar platform is carried out.
According to the stability control method for the downdip weak layer side slope of the open pit coal mine, the stored side slope stability coefficient is reasonably determined, and the side slope with potential safety hazards is timely arranged inwards by reserving the safety coal pillar platform, so that the stability of the side slope is improved, and the side slope can be reserved for a long time.
Further, the slope stability factor of the reserve is 1.2.
Further, the method further comprises:
reserving an end slope range of the coal pillar according to needs, reserving the existing time of the slope under the condition of the coal pillar, reserving the existing time required by a final boundary slope after the coal pillar is mined, and determining a reserved slope stability coefficient and a temporary slope stability coefficient of a mined boundary, wherein the temporary slope stability coefficient of the mined boundary is smaller than the reserved slope stability coefficient.
Further, the slope stability factor of the reserve is 1.05.
Further, still include: and judging whether the actual slope stability coefficient is between the temporary slope stability coefficient of the mined boundary and the reserved slope stability coefficient, carrying out coal pillar mining on the side close to the slope and carrying out inner discharge pressure slope on the side far away from the slope under the condition that the judgment result is yes, and carrying out synchronous coal pillar mining and inner discharge pressure slope operation.
Further, the existing time of the slope under the condition of reserving the coal pillar is 10 years.
Further, the final existing time to the boundary slope after the coal pillar is left for mining is 10 years.
Further, the coal pillar extraction and the inner discharge pressure side according to the height required by the inner discharge pressure side comprise:
firstly, extracting the coal pillar according to the height required by the inner discharge pressing wall, and then, internally discharging the pressing wall;
or the coal pillar extraction and the inner discharge pressing wall are carried out simultaneously according to the height required by the inner discharge pressing wall.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling stability of a down-dip weak bed slope of an open pit coal mine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for controlling stability of a down-dip weak bed slope of an open pit coal mine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a slope inner discharge pressure side of the stability control method for a downdip weak layer slope of an open pit coal mine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for controlling stability of a down-dip weak bed slope of an open pit coal mine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-dumping ground, 2-fault, 3-width of safety coal pillar, 4-coal pillar, 5-weak layer, 6-temporary slope form, 7-slope form of coal pillar, and 8-horizontal elevation of internal discharge pressure slope.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. On the contrary, the embodiments of the invention include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.
To facilitate an understanding of the present invention, some terms of surface mining are explained below.
The side wall is also called a side slope. Surface totality and adjacent rock mass defined by the slope of the steps, the inclined pit lines and the flat pans.
Inner row: and backfilling the mining pits left after mining by utilizing the stripped rocks.
Pressing upper: and (4) pressing and covering the highwall of the open pit mine which is already mined to the boundary by using the stripped rocks.
The slope stability coefficient, which reflects the stability of the slope rock mass, is usually expressed as the ratio of the sliding resistance (distance) to the sliding resistance (distance) on the sliding surface.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling stability of a down-dip weak bed slope of an open pit coal mine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a method for controlling the stability of a down-dip weak layer slope of an open pit coal mine comprises the following steps:
and S102, determining a reserved slope stability coefficient.
S104, calculating the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar platform: and calculating to obtain the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar platform required to be reserved.
And S106, calculating slope stability coefficients under different internal row pressure side heights layer by layer to obtain the height required by the internal row pressure side.
And S108, judging whether the actual slope stability coefficient is larger than or equal to the reserved slope stability coefficient.
S110, under the condition that the judgment result is yes, reserving a safety coal pillar platform according to the determined horizontal elevation and width of the safety coal pillar platform, and performing coal pillar extraction and inner discharge pressing according to the height required by the inner discharge pressing; otherwise, the step S104 of calculating the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar platform is carried out.
It can be understood that, in step S110, the coal pillar extraction and the internal discharge pressure slope are performed according to the height required by the internal discharge pressure slope:
firstly, extracting the coal pillar according to the height required by the inner discharge pressing wall, and then, internally discharging the pressing wall; or the coal pillar extraction and the inner discharge pressing wall are carried out simultaneously according to the height required by the inner discharge pressing wall.
Through the steps, the stability control method for the slopes of the downdip weak layers of the open-pit coal mine provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for timely discharging the slopes with potential safety hazards by reasonably determining the stored slope stability coefficients and reserving the safety pillar platforms, so that the stability of the slopes is improved, and the slopes can be reserved for a long time.
Example two
For the sake of simplicity, only the differences between the second embodiment and the first embodiment will be described.
The method for controlling the stability of the down-dip weak layer slope of the open pit coal mine provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps in step S102: reserving an end slope range of the coal pillar according to needs, reserving the existing time of the slope under the condition of the coal pillar, reserving the existing time required by a final boundary slope after the coal pillar is mined, and determining a reserved slope stability coefficient and a temporary slope stability coefficient of a mined boundary, wherein the temporary slope stability coefficient of the mined boundary is smaller than the reserved slope stability coefficient.
Specifically, the slope stability factor of the safety pillar platform reserve is set to 1.2, and the slope stability factor of the safety pillar platform reserve is 1.05. The existing time of the side slope under the condition of reserving the coal pillar can be 10 years, and the existing time required from the end of the coal pillar after mining to the boundary side slope can be 10 years.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, in step S108, the method further includes: and judging whether the actual slope stability coefficient is between the temporary slope stability coefficient of the mining boundary and the reserved slope stability coefficient.
In step S110, the method further includes: and if the actual slope stability coefficient is between the temporary slope stability coefficient of the mined boundary and the reserved slope stability coefficient, carrying out coal pillar mining on the side close to the slope, carrying out inner discharge pressure slope on the side far away from the slope, and carrying out the coal pillar mining and the inner discharge pressure slope operation synchronously.
It should be noted that, in practical application, when coal pillar mining and internal discharge pressure slope operation are performed synchronously, slope monitoring work needs to be strengthened, and the slope stability coefficient of the safety coal pillar platform reserve is adjusted in a timing mode according to the monitoring condition.
According to the stability control method for the downdip weak layer side slope of the opencast coal mine, safety guarantee is provided for the side slope in the coal pillar extraction process through timely internal discharge and pressure slope. Especially, under the condition that the coal cannot be timely discharged, the safety coal pillar platform is reserved through the side slope, and the recovery efficiency is improved.
The contents of the above embodiments will be described with reference to a preferred embodiment.
Referring to fig. 4, the production of the strip mine is deep, the inner row starts at a later time, the inner row cannot follow in time, and the side slope coal pressing mining area is determined at one side end slope. The area comprises a layer of mined coal seam, the average thickness of the coal seam is 80m, the dip angle of the coal seam is 8-12 degrees, the average thickness of the overlying strata 1 is 100m, the side slope angle is 18 degrees, and the weak layer 5 is arranged on the bottom plate of the coal seam.
The method for controlling the stability of the down-dip weak layer side slope of the open pit coal mine provided by the preferred embodiment comprises the following steps:
step S201, determining the range of the end slope where the coal pillar needs to be reserved, determining the existence time and stability coefficient of the slope under each working condition, and determining and optimizing the time of the slope under each working condition, wherein the working condition comprises the working condition of reserving the coal pillar and the working condition of finally reaching the boundary after the coal pillar is reserved and mined.
The slope shown in fig. 4 combines open pit coal mine design and production, the time from the excavation of the slope to the beginning of the inner drainage is about 10 years, and the slope stability coefficient of the reserve should reach 1.2 according to the current national standard of open pit mine design Specification for coal industry GB 50197-2015. The final slope exposure time of the inner row is short, and the temporary slope stability coefficient of the mined boundary is determined to be 1.05.
Step S203, determining the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar reserved platform: after the stability coefficient of the side slope is 1.20 under the condition that the coal pillar is reserved, the reserved elevation of the safe coal pillar platform is determined through the position of a weak layer and the actual production requirement on the site, the optimal scheme that the safe coal pillar platform is reserved on a +852 flat plate is finally determined according to the elevation of a coal seam roof, then the width of the coal pillar required to be reserved at the +852 level is obtained through calculation, and the stability coefficient of the side slope can reach more than 1.20 through calculation and combined production practice when the width of the safe coal pillar platform reaches 150 m.
Step S204, the height of the inner row needing to be pressed is as follows: and calculating slope stability coefficients under different inner row pressure slope heights layer by layer, determining the required inner row backfill height, and reaching the stability coefficient more than 1.20 again when the inner row height reaches a +864 level through calculation.
And S205, carrying out coal pillar extraction and internal discharge slope pressing, strengthening slope monitoring work in the extraction process, and timely adjusting a parameter scheme according to the monitoring condition.
In summary, according to the stability control method for the slopes of the downdip weak layers of the open-pit coal mine, the stored slope stability coefficients are reasonably determined, and the slopes with potential safety hazards are timely arranged inwards by reserving the safety pillar platforms, so that the stability of the slopes is improved, and the slopes can be reserved for a long time. And the pressure sides are timely and internally discharged, so that safety guarantee is provided for the side slope in the coal pillar extraction process. Especially, under the condition that the coal cannot be timely discharged, the safety coal pillar platform is reserved through the side slope, and the recovery efficiency is improved.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description of the present invention are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A stability control method for a down-dip weak layer side slope of an open pit coal mine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a slope stability coefficient of the reserve;
calculating the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar platform: calculating to obtain the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar platform to be reserved;
calculating slope stability coefficients under different internal row pressing wall heights layer by layer to obtain the height required by the internal row pressing wall;
judging whether the actual slope stability coefficient is larger than or equal to the reserved slope stability coefficient or not;
if so, reserving a safety coal pillar platform according to the determined horizontal elevation and width of the safety coal pillar platform, and performing coal pillar extraction and inner discharge pressure slope according to the height required by the inner discharge pressure slope; otherwise, the step of calculating the horizontal elevation and the width of the safety coal pillar platform is carried out.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the reserve slope stability factor is 1.2.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
reserving an end slope range of the coal pillar according to needs, reserving the existing time of the slope under the condition of the coal pillar, reserving the existing time required by a final boundary slope after the coal pillar is mined, and determining a reserved slope stability coefficient and a temporary slope stability coefficient of a mined boundary, wherein the temporary slope stability coefficient of the mined boundary is smaller than the reserved slope stability coefficient.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the reserve slope stability factor is 1.05.
5. The method for controlling the stability of the down-dip weak layer slope of the open pit coal mine according to claim 3, further comprising: and judging whether the actual slope stability coefficient is between the temporary slope stability coefficient of the mined boundary and the reserved slope stability coefficient, carrying out coal pillar mining on the side close to the slope and carrying out inner discharge pressure slope on the side far away from the slope under the condition that the judgment result is yes, and carrying out synchronous coal pillar mining and inner discharge pressure slope operation.
6. The method for controlling the stability of the downdip weak layer slope of an open pit coal mine according to claim 3, wherein the slope has a lifespan of 10 years with the coal pillars left.
7. The method for controlling the stability of the downdip weak layer slope of the open pit coal mine according to claim 3, wherein the required existing time from the end of the mined coal pillar to the boundary slope is 10 years.
8. The method for controlling the stability of the downdip weak layer slope of the open pit coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing the coal pillar extraction and the inner discharge pressure slope according to the height required by the inner discharge pressure slope comprises the following steps:
firstly, extracting the coal pillar according to the height required by the inner discharge pressing wall, and then, internally discharging the pressing wall;
or the coal pillar extraction and the inner discharge pressing wall are carried out simultaneously according to the height required by the inner discharge pressing wall.
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