CN113416870B - High-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113416870B
CN113416870B CN202110698384.9A CN202110698384A CN113416870B CN 113416870 B CN113416870 B CN 113416870B CN 202110698384 A CN202110698384 A CN 202110698384A CN 113416870 B CN113416870 B CN 113416870B
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resistant aluminum
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叶洁云
管仁国
戴琨
陈继强
何昌伟
汪志刚
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Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
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    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and provides a metal materialThe high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12.0-16.0% of Ce, 0.30-0.80% of Sc, 0.15-0.32% of Zr and the balance of Al; wherein the mass ratio of Sc to Zr is (2-3): 1. ce in the invention can form Al with good heat resistance with Al11Ce3Phase (1); sc can react with Al to form Al3Sc improves the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy, and Zr can replace part of Sc to form Al3The (Sc, Zr) phase further improves the high-temperature mechanical property of the alloy, controls the mass ratio of Sc to Zr and is beneficial to Al3Formation of (Sc, Zr) phase. The results of the examples show that the tensile strength at room temperature of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the invention is 342MPa, and the tensile strength at 350 ℃ is 287 MPa.

Description

High-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Aluminum alloys are widely used in the field of national strategies such as aerospace, nuclear energy and the like and in the field of transportation related to civilian information due to their high specific strength, corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity, and high-performance light aluminum alloy materials are an important way to achieve light weight thereof because aircraft, high-speed rails, automobiles and the like are extremely sensitive to structural weight. However, although a large number of commercial aluminum alloys have the advantage of high strength when in service at room temperature, the advantage of most light weight alloys is difficult to maintain in the medium-high temperature range above 300 ℃.
Prior art CN111893353A discloses a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy material, which comprises Si: 6.0-8.0%, Fe: 1.5% -2.5%, Cu: 0.8-1.2%, Mg: 0.2-0.35%; b: 0.01 to 0.03%, Sr: 0.01-0.03 percent of the total weight of the alloy, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of Cr and the balance of Al, wherein the room-temperature tensile strength of the prepared high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy material is 325MPa, and the 350-DEG C tensile strength is reduced to 190MPa, so that the high-temperature strength is difficult to maintain in a medium-high temperature range of more than 300 ℃. Therefore, the high temperature performance of the aluminum alloy needs to be further improved to meet the performance requirements of various industries on long-term working of the aluminum alloy material at the high temperature of more than 300 ℃ and no creep.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the invention has excellent heat resistance, can still maintain good strength at high temperature, and the tensile strength at 350 ℃ can reach 287 MPa.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12.0-16.0% of Ce, 0.30-0.80% of Sc, 0.15-0.32% of Zr and the balance of Al; wherein the mass ratio of Sc to Zr is (2-3): 1.
preferably, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 13.0-14.0% of Ce, 0.35-0.50% of Sc, 0.15-0.18% of Zr and the balance of Al.
Preferably, the phase composition of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy comprises Al11Ce3Phase, Al3(Sc, Zr) phase and alpha-Al/Al11Ce3Eutectic clusters.
Preferably, the Al11Ce3The diameter of the phase is 2.5-7.5 μm, the Al3The diameter of the (Sc, Zr) phase is 5-20 nm, and the alpha-Al/Al phase11Ce3The diameter of the eutectic group is 3-6 μm, and Al in the eutectic group11Ce3The width of the laths is 50-150 nm, and the distance between the laths is 100-150 nm.
The invention provides a preparation method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially melting and refining alloy raw materials to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain an alloy ingot;
(3) and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy ingot obtained in the step (2) to obtain the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy.
Preferably, the alloy raw material in the step (1) comprises metallic aluminum, Al-Ce master alloy, Al-Sc master alloy and Al-Zr master alloy.
Preferably, the melting temperature in the step (1) is 780-820 ℃, and the melting time is 20-60 min.
Preferably, the refining temperature in the step (1) is 750-800 ℃, and the refining time is 5-10 min.
Preferably, the refining atmosphere in the step (1) is argon, and the flow rate of the argon is 0.45-0.60 m3/h。
Preferably, the temperature of the aging treatment in the step (3) is 350-400 ℃, and the time of the aging treatment is 5-20 h.
The invention provides a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12.0-16.0% of Ce, 0.30-0.80% of Sc, 0.15-0.32% of Zr and the balance of Al; wherein the mass ratio of Sc to Zr is (2-3): 1. according to the invention, on the basis of Al-Ce alloy, Sc and Zr are added, and the addition amount is controlled, so that the high-temperature performance of the aluminum alloy material is improved, and the high-strength temperature-resistant aluminum alloy is obtained. The invention is based on Al-Ce alloy, Ce can form Al with Al11Ce3A phase which hardly decomposes at a temperature close to the eutectic temperature and has good heat resistance; formation of heat-resistant Al by addition of Sc element to Al3The Sc intermetallic compound improves the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy, and the compound can hinder the migration of Ce atoms and further prevent Al11Ce3Growing up the phase, thinning the alloy structure; by addition of Zr instead of Al3Some Sc in Sc forms Al3(Sc, Zr) phase, which retains Al3The beneficial effects of Sc are all better than Al3The aggregation tendency of Sc at high temperature is much smaller, the mechanical property of the alloy at high temperature is further improved, and the mass ratio of Sc to Zr is controlled to be (2-3): 1, is in favor of Al3Formation of (Sc, Zr) phase. The results of the examples show that the room temperature tensile strength of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the invention is 342MPa, and the 350 ℃ tensile strength is 287 MPa.
The preparation method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the invention is simple in process and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a high strength heat resistant aluminum alloy prepared in example 1 of the present invention at room temperature;
FIG. 2 is a TEM image of the high strength heat resistant aluminum alloy prepared in example 1 of the present invention at room temperature.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12.0-16.0% of Ce, 0.30-0.80% of Sc, 0.15-0.32% of Zr and the balance of Al; wherein the mass ratio of Sc to Zr is (2-3): 1.
according to the mass percentage, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the invention comprises 12.0-16.0% of Ce, and preferably 13.0-14.0%. In the present invention, the Ce element may form Al with Al11Ce3The phase is hardly decomposed at a temperature close to the eutectic temperature, has good heat resistance, and is favorable for improving the heat resistance of the alloy. The content of the Ce element is controlled in the range, so that the casting performance of the alloy is improved; on the other hand, a sufficient amount of Ce can form Al with Al11Ce3Primary phase, after reaching eutectic temperature, the primary phase can form rigid labyrinth-shaped lamellar alpha-Al/Al distribution with the aluminum matrix11Ce3Eutectic cell, and both types of Al11Ce3The phase has good heat resistance, which is beneficial to improving the heat resistance of the alloy.
According to the mass percentage, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the invention comprises 0.30-0.80% of Sc, preferably 0.35-0.50%, and more preferably 0.35-0.45%. In the present invention, the Sc element can form Al with Al3Sc intermetallic compound, this phase being able to be in preference to Al11Ce3Primary phase formation, hence subsequent Al formation11Ce3In phase, the Ce atom is inhibited from migrating and Al is inhibited11Ce3Growth of phases and further reduction of Al11Ce3Difference of interface energy of each crystal face of the phase, so that each growing crystal face of the phaseMeanwhile, the method develops towards a multi-dimensional direction, so that a round shape is obtained; at the same time, Al is formed3The Sc intermetallic compound has good heat resistance, and is beneficial to improving the heat resistance of the alloy.
According to the mass percentage, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the invention comprises 0.15-0.32% of Zr, and preferably 0.15-0.18%. In the invention, the Zr is added in the aluminum alloy simultaneously with the Sc, and the Zr can be dissolved in Al3The Sc substitutes part of the Sc to form Al with a core-shell structure3(Sc, Zr) phase, reduced Al3The lattice constant of Sc is closer to that of Al, and the lattice mismatching degree is reduced, so that the heat resistance of the alloy is further improved; and, Al of core-shell structure3The (Sc, Zr) phase retains Al3All beneficial effects of Sc and tendency to aggregate at high temperatures over Al3The Sc phase is much smaller. Meanwhile, the use of Zr reduces the use amount of noble metal Sc and the alloy cost.
In the invention, the mass ratio of Sc to Zr is (2-3): 1, preferably (2.3-3): 1. the invention controls the mass ratio of Sc to Zr in the range, and is beneficial to the core-shell structure Al3The formation of (Sc, Zr) phase improves the heat resistance of the alloy.
According to the mass percentage, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the invention also comprises the balance of aluminum besides the elements. In the present invention, the aluminum serves as an alloy matrix.
In the present invention, the phase composition of the high strength heat resistant aluminum alloy preferably includes Al11Ce3Phase, Al3(Sc, Zr) phase and alpha-Al/Al11Ce3Eutectic clusters. In the invention, alloy phases with different scales are mutually coordinated in the high-temperature service process to block the movement of dislocation, thereby improving the strength and creep resistance of the alloy.
In the present invention, the Al11Ce3The diameter of the phase is preferably 2.5-7.5 μm, more preferably 6.5 μm; the Al is11Ce3The morphology of the phases is preferably cubic. In the present invention, the Al3The diameter of the (Sc, Zr) phase is preferably 5-20 nm, and more preferably 6.5 nm; the Al is3The morphology of the (Sc, Zr) phase is preferably butterfly-shaped or flower-shaped. In the present invention, the alpha-Al/Al11Ce3The diameter of (A) is preferably 3 to 6 μm, more preferably 6 μm; the alpha-Al/Al11Ce3Al in eutectic cell11Ce3The width of the strip is preferably 50-150 nm, and more preferably 75 nm; the distance between the battens is preferably 100-150 nm, and more preferably 100 nm; the alpha-Al/Al11Ce3The preferred shape of eutectic group is Chinese character shape, Al in eutectic group11Ce3The phase and the alpha-Al are distributed in a labyrinth-shaped lamellar layer. In the present invention, the diameter is preferably an average equivalent circular diameter.
The invention is based on Al-Ce alloy, and Ce can form Al with good heat resistance with Al11Ce3Phase (1); adding Sc element and Al to generate heat-resistant Al3Sc intermetallic compound is used for improving the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy, and the compound can block the migration of Ce atoms and further prevent Al11Ce3Growing up the phase, thinning the alloy structure; by addition of Zr instead of Al3Some of the Sc forms Al3(Sc, Zr) phase, which retains Al3The beneficial effects of Sc are all better than Al3The gathering tendency of Sc at high temperature is much smaller, the mechanical property of the alloy at high temperature is further improved, the mass ratio of Sc to Zr is controlled, and Al is favorably adopted3And (Sc, Zr) phase is formed, and finally, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is obtained.
The invention provides a preparation method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially melting and refining alloy raw materials to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain an alloy ingot;
(3) and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy ingot obtained in the step (2) to obtain the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy.
The invention carries out melting and refining on alloy raw materials in sequence to obtain an alloy melt. The source of the alloy raw material is not particularly limited in the present invention, and the alloy raw material known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the present invention, the purity of the alloy raw material is preferably 99.9% or more. In the present invention, the alloy raw material preferably includes metallic aluminum, Al-Ce master alloy, Al-Sc master alloy, and Al-Zr master alloy; the metal aluminum is preferably an industrial pure aluminum ingot; the Al-Ce intermediate alloy is preferably Al-20Ce, the Al-Sc intermediate alloy is preferably Al-2Sc, and the Al-Zr intermediate alloy is preferably Al-5 Zr.
In the present invention, the alloy raw material is preferably preheated before being melted. In the invention, the preheating temperature is preferably 160-180 ℃, and more preferably 160 ℃; the preheating time is preferably 30-50 min, and more preferably 30 min.
In the invention, the melting temperature is preferably 780-820 ℃, and more preferably 800 ℃; the melting time is preferably 20-60 min, and more preferably 20-50 min. The invention preferably controls the melting temperature within the range, thereby realizing the melting of the alloy raw material and not wasting energy. In the present invention, the melting process is preferably: firstly, melting metal aluminum and Al-Ce intermediate alloy, and then adding Al-Sc intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy for melting. In the invention, the melting time of the metal aluminum and the Al-Ce intermediate alloy is preferably 10-30 min; the melting time after the Al-Sc intermediate alloy and the Al-Zr intermediate alloy are added is preferably 10-20 min. In the present invention, the melting device is preferably a crucible.
After the melting is finished, the invention preferably carries out slag skimming on the melted product and then carries out refining. The operation of the slag skimming and refining is not particularly limited in the invention, and the technical scheme of slag skimming and refining known to the skilled person can be adopted. In the invention, the refining temperature is preferably 750-800 ℃, and more preferably 780 ℃; the refining time is preferably 5-10 min, and more preferably 5 min. In the invention, the refining atmosphere is preferably argon, and the flow rate of the argon is preferably 0.45-0.60 m3H, more preferably 0.5m3/h。
After the refining is finished, the invention preferably stands the refined product to obtain the alloy melt. In the invention, the standing temperature is preferably 750-800 ℃, and more preferably 780 ℃; the standing time is preferably 30-40 min, and more preferably 30 min.
After the alloy melt is obtained, the alloy melt is poured to obtain an alloy ingot. The operation of the casting is not particularly limited in the present invention, and the casting technical scheme known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.
In the invention, the casting temperature is preferably 150-200 ℃, and more preferably 200 ℃; the casting time is preferably 15-30 min, and more preferably 15-25 min. In the present invention, the means for casting is preferably a copper mold.
After the alloy ingot is obtained, the alloy ingot is subjected to aging treatment to obtain the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy. The invention provides dynamic conditions for the precipitation of Sc and Zr particles through aging treatment, and is beneficial to Al with a core-shell structure3Precipitation of (Sc, Zr) phase.
In the invention, the temperature of the aging treatment is preferably 350-400 ℃, and more preferably 380-400 ℃; the time of the aging treatment is preferably 5-20 hours, and more preferably 5-10 hours. The invention preferably controls the temperature and time of the aging treatment within the range, and is beneficial to obtaining the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy.
The preparation method provided by the invention prepares the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy by sequentially carrying out melting, refining, casting and aging treatment, and has the advantages of simple process and low cost.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The components (mass percent): 14.0 percent of Ce, 0.45 percent of Sc, 0.18 percent of Zr and the balance of Al, wherein the mass ratio of Sc to Zr is 2.5: 1.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) preheating industrial pure aluminum ingots, Al-20Ce, Al-2Sc and Al-5Zr at 160 ℃ for 30 min;
(2) placing the preheated industrial pure aluminum ingot and Al-20Ce in a crucible, melting at 800 ℃, melting completely after 30min, adding Al-2Sc and Al-5Zr for melting, removing slag after 10min of melting, introducing argon, and controlling the flow of the argon to be 0.5m3Refining at 780 ℃ for 5min, keeping the temperature and standing for 35min to obtain an alloy melt;
(3) pouring the alloy melt into a copper mold at 200 ℃, and obtaining an alloy cast ingot after 25 min;
(4) aging the alloy ingot at 400 ℃ for 5h, and cooling to obtain Al-Ce-Sc-Zr high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy comprising Al11Ce3Phase, Al3(Sc, Zr) phase and alpha-Al/Al11Ce3Eutectic clusters.
The alloy tensile strength at room temperature was 342MPa and at 350 ℃ 287MPa when tested according to GB/T228.1-2010 and GB/T228.2-2015.
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of the high strength heat resistant aluminum prepared in this example at room temperature. As can be seen from the figure, the high strength heat resistant aluminum alloy prepared by the embodiment includes Al11Ce3Phase sum alpha-Al/Al11Ce3Eutectic group, wherein, Al11Ce3The phases are square blocks, and the average equivalent circle diameter is 6.5 mu m; alpha-Al/Al11Ce3The eutectic cell is in Chinese character shape, the average equivalent circle diameter is 6 μm, and Al in the eutectic cell11Ce3Phase and alpha-Al are distributed in a labyrinth-like lamellar layer, Al11Ce3The width of the slats was 75nm and the spacing of the slats was 100 nm.
FIG. 2 is a TEM image of the high strength heat-resistant aluminum prepared in this example at room temperature. As can be seen from the figure, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy prepared by the embodiment also comprises Al3(Sc, Zr) phase, butterfly-shaped or flower-shaped Al3(Sc, Zr) phase in eutectic lamellar Al11Ce3alpha-Al between the phases is precipitated, and the average equivalent circle diameter is 6.5 nm.
Example 2
The components (mass percent): 13.0 percent of Ce, 0.35 percent of Sc, 0.15 percent of Zr and the balance of Al, wherein the mass ratio of Sc to Zr is 2.3: 1.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) preheating industrial pure aluminum ingots, Al-20Ce, Al-2Sc and Al-5Zr at 160 ℃ for 30 min;
(2) placing the preheated industrial pure aluminum ingot and Al-20Ce in a crucible, melting at 800 ℃, melting completely after 30min, adding Al-2Sc and Al-5Zr for melting, removing slag after 10min of melting, introducing argon, and controlling the flow of the argon to be 0.5m3Refining at 780 ℃ for 5min, keeping the temperature and standing for 35min to obtain an alloy melt;
(3) pouring the alloy melt into a copper mold at 200 ℃, and obtaining an alloy cast ingot after 25 min;
(4) aging the alloy ingot at 400 ℃ for 5h, and cooling to obtain Al-Ce-Sc-Zr high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy comprising Al11Ce3Phase, Al3(Sc, Zr) phase and alpha-Al/Al11Ce3Eutectic clusters.
The alloy tensile strength at room temperature is 325MPa and the alloy tensile strength at 350 ℃ is 258MPa according to GB/T228.1-2010 and GB/T228.2-2015 tests.
Comparative example 1
The components (mass percent): 13.0 percent of Ce, 0.05 percent of Sc, 0.05 percent of Zr and the balance of Al, wherein the mass ratio of Sc to Zr is 1: 1.
The procedure was as in example 1.
The alloy tensile strength at room temperature is 185MPa and at 350 ℃ is 150MPa according to GB/T228.1-2010 and GB/T228.2-2015 tests.
Comparative example 2
The components (mass percent): 8.0 percent of Ce, 0.35 percent of Sc, 0.15 percent of Zr and the balance of Al, wherein the mass ratio of Sc to Zr is 2.3: 1.
The procedure is as in example 2.
The alloy tensile strength at room temperature is 285MPa and the alloy tensile strength at 350 ℃ is 198MPa according to GB/T228.1-2010 and GB/T228.2-2015 tests.
The embodiment shows that the high-strength heat-resistant alloy provided by the invention has excellent heat resistance, can still maintain good strength at high temperature, and has the tensile strength of 342MPa at room temperature and 287MPa at 350 ℃.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12.0-16.0% of Ce, 0.30-0.80% of Sc, 0.15-0.32% of Zr and the balance of Al; wherein the mass ratio of Sc to Zr is (2-3): 1; the phase composition of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy comprises Al11Ce3Phase, Al3(Sc, Zr) phase and alpha-Al/Al11Ce3Eutectic clusters; the Al is11Ce3The diameter of the phase is 2.5-7.5 μm, the Al3The diameter of the (Sc, Zr) phase is 5-20 nm, and the alpha-Al/Al phase11Ce3The diameter of the eutectic group is 3-6 μm, and Al in the eutectic group11Ce3The width of the battens is 50-150 nm, and the spacing between the battens is 100-150 nm;
the preparation method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially melting and refining alloy raw materials to obtain an alloy melt; the alloy raw materials comprise metallic aluminum, Al-Ce intermediate alloy, Al-Sc intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy; the melting temperature is 780-820 ℃, and the melting time is 20-60 min;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain an alloy ingot;
(3) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy ingot obtained in the step (2) to obtain a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy; the temperature of the aging treatment is 350-400 ℃, and the time of the aging treatment is 5-20 h.
2. A high strength heat resistant aluminium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises, in mass percent, the following components: 13.0-14.0% of Ce, 0.35-0.50% of Sc, 0.15-0.18% of Zr and the balance of Al.
3. The method for preparing the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy of any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the following steps:
(1) sequentially melting and refining alloy raw materials to obtain an alloy melt; the alloy raw materials comprise metallic aluminum, Al-Ce intermediate alloy, Al-Sc intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy; the melting temperature is 780-820 ℃, and the melting time is 20-60 min;
(2) pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain an alloy ingot;
(3) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy ingot obtained in the step (2) to obtain a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy; the temperature of the aging treatment is 350-400 ℃, and the time of the aging treatment is 5-20 h.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of refining in the step (1) is 750-800 ℃, and the time of refining is 5-10 min.
5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the refining atmosphere in the step (1) is argon, and the flow rate of the argon is 0.45-0.60 m3/h。
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