CN111411267A - Conductive monofilament material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Conductive monofilament material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111411267A CN111411267A CN201911100231.9A CN201911100231A CN111411267A CN 111411267 A CN111411267 A CN 111411267A CN 201911100231 A CN201911100231 A CN 201911100231A CN 111411267 A CN111411267 A CN 111411267A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910018138 Al-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910018580 Al—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018191 Al—Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000737 Duralumin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007948 ZrB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002772 conduction electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 rare earth compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
- B21C37/047—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire of fine wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a conductive monofilament material and a preparation method thereof, and is characterized in that the conductive monofilament material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: b: 0.001-0.02%, Y: 0.002-0.10%, Sc: 0.002-0.10%, Zr: 0.005-0.03%, Si: 0.001-0.06%, Fe: 0.001-0.12%, (V + Ti + Cr + Mn) is less than or equal to 0.008%, and the balance is aluminum and inevitable trace impurities. By controlling the content of B, Zr, Y and Sc microalloying elements, the conductive monofilament material with the room-temperature conductivity of more than or equal to 61.5 percent IACS (20 ℃), the tensile strength of more than or equal to 180MPa, the elongation of more than or equal to 2.6 percent and the strength residual rate of more than 90 percent after heating for 1h at the heat-resistant temperature of 150 ℃ and 230 ℃ is developed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of overhead conductors of power transmission lines in the power industry, in particular to a conductive monofilament material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of economic construction and the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, the new energy consumption occupation ratio is rising year by year, and how to fully utilize the existing line corridors and line facilities to transmit more electric quantity as much as possible, reduce line loss and improve the transmission efficiency becomes a problem which must be considered by the power operation department. At present, the new energy sending channel is limited by an active overhead conductor, so that the problems of low transmission capacity margin, weak short-term overload bearing capacity, high electric energy loss, poor environmental service adaptability and the like exist, and the high-efficiency utilization of new energy such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like is restricted to a certain extent by the constraint of a grid structure of a power grid.
The active aluminum conductor steel-reinforced strand adopts a hard aluminum conductor material, and has poor heat resistance and low current-carrying capacity. The heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductor is a capacity-increasing conductor with good performance, and the capacity-increasing transformation of the existing line is carried out by adopting a high-capacity heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductor, so that the transmission capacity of the line can be improved under the principle of not replacing a tower, and the overall construction cost of a project can be reduced. The electric conductivity of the mature product of the currently marketed heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire is 60% IACS, the heat-resistant temperature is 150 ℃, while the heat-resistant temperature of the wire with the electric conductivity of 61% IACS is about 120 ℃, and the tensile strength is 160 MPa. Therefore, in order to meet the application requirements of power transmission lines such as new energy transmission and the like on high-capacity, low-loss, safe and efficient power transmission technologies, research on heat-resistant aluminum alloy monofilament materials with higher conductivity, strength and heat resistance and good comprehensive performance and wires thereof needs to be carried out urgently, so that loss reduction and efficiency improvement of the power transmission lines are realized, and the efficient transmission and absorption capacity of clean energy of a power grid is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the conductive monofilament material is provided, and the technical problems of low conductivity and low strength of the conventional 60% IACS heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire can be solved by the method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a conductive monofilament material, which is improved in that the conductive monofilament material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: b: 0.001-0.02%, Y: 0.002-0.10%, Sc: 0.002-0.10%, Zr: 0.005-0.03%, Si: 0.001-0.06%, Fe: 0.001-0.12%, (V + Ti + Cr + Mn) is less than or equal to 0.008%, and the balance is aluminum and inevitable trace impurities.
Preferably, the conductive monofilament material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: b: 0.012-0.02%, Y: 0.05-0.08%, Sc: 0.04-0.08%, Zr: 0.02 to 0.03%, Si: 0.045-0.053%, Fe: 0.09-0.11 percent, (V + Ti + Cr + Mn) is less than or equal to 0.008 percent, and the balance is aluminum and inevitable trace impurities.
In a method of making a conductive monofilament material, the improvement comprising:
1) smelting: melting an aluminum ingot with the purity of more than or equal to 99.7% at 720-750 ℃, and adding an intermediate alloy;
2) refining: adding molten aluminum into the molten aluminum containing the intermediate alloy in the step 1) at 720-730 ℃ under stirring, refining for 20min, adding a covering agent, standing for 30min, and slagging off;
3) casting: pouring the aluminum liquid prepared in the step 2) into a red copper casting mold at 700-720 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
4) rod making: keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step 3) at 480-510 ℃ for 1h, and rolling the aluminum alloy ingot into an aluminum alloy round rod with the diameter of 9.5 mm;
5) drawing: drawing the aluminum alloy round rod prepared in the step 4) at the speed of 12-15 m/s, and drawing to obtain a monofilament with the deformation of 15-20% per pass.
Preferably, the adding sequence of the master alloy in the step 1) is as follows: adding an Al-B intermediate alloy at 720-730 ℃, standing for 30min, heating to 730-750 ℃, and adding an Al-Zr intermediate alloy, an Al-Y intermediate alloy and an Al-Sc intermediate alloy.
Preferably, the covering agent is added in the step 2) in an amount of
0.02-0.04% of the aluminum liquid by mass.
Preferably, the size of the aluminum alloy ingot in the step 3) is 22 × 22 × 380 mm.
Preferably, the temperature of the wire drawing in the step 5) is 30-50 ℃; the diameter of the monofilament is 3.05-3.60 mm.
Compared with the closest prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the conductive monofilament material provided by the invention, the contents of B, Zr, Y and Sc microalloying elements are controlled, so that the conductivity is improved, and the conductivity of the monofilament is more than or equal to 61.5% IACS (International Annealed copper Standard), and is 20 ℃;
2. according to the conductive monofilament material provided by the invention, the tensile strength is improved by controlling the content of B, Zr, Y and Sc microalloying elements, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 180 MPa;
3. the conductive monofilament material provided by the invention improves the elongation by controlling the content of B, Zr, Y and Sc microalloying elements, and the elongation is more than or equal to 2.6%.
4. According to the conductive monofilament material provided by the invention, the heat resistance is improved by controlling the content of B, Zr, Y and Sc microalloying elements, and the heat resistance temperature is 150 ℃ (the strength residual rate is more than 90% after heating for 1h at 230 ℃).
5. The preparation method of the conductive monofilament material provided by the invention comprises the procedures of smelting, refining, casting, rod manufacturing and wire drawing, and is simple and feasible, and strong in industrial applicability.
Detailed Description
The following provides a more detailed description of the present invention.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The action and mechanism of each alloy element adopted by the invention are as follows:
zr: to improve the heat resistance of the conductive aluminum alloy, it is necessary to prevent the reduction of the alloy distortion energy so that the strength of the aluminum alloy does not decrease due to the increase in temperature.The addition of a proper amount of Zr can obviously improve the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy, and mainly because the atomic radius of Zr is slightly larger than that of Al, Zr diffuses in aluminum in a replacement mode, the diffusion activation energy is high, and fine Al is separated out to the boundary of a sub-crystal grain3The Zr phase is not easy to aggregate and grow up, has high stability, inhibits the occurrence of recrystallization, can still effectively pin dislocation and crystal boundary at higher temperature, and blocks deformation and intragranular and crystal boundary slippage, so that the creep resistance is improved, and the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy is improved.
Y: in the technical scheme of the invention, the effect of adding the rare earth element Y on improving the conductivity of the aluminum alloy is mainly due to the strong interaction between Y and main solid-solution impurity elements Fe and Si in aluminum, and the rare earth compound formed by Y and impurity atoms is separated out at a crystal boundary, so that the solid solubility of the impurity elements such as Fe, Si and the like in a matrix is reduced. When the impurity elements exist in the aluminum in a solid solution state, the increasing effect on the resistivity of the aluminum conductor is far larger than that in a precipitation state, impurities such as Fe, Si and the like react with Y to generate compounds, and the compound is precipitated at a crystal boundary, so that the scattering effect of the solid solution Fe and Si on electrons is reduced, and the conductivity of the aluminum alloy can be improved by adding a proper amount of Y. However, excessive Y forms impurities to affect the conductivity, and the increase of the Y content enhances the grain refinement effect and increases the scattering of electrons, thereby reducing the conductivity of the aluminum conductor. Therefore, the content of Y should be controlled within a certain range to ensure the conductivity of the aluminum conductor.
And (C) Sc: the addition of the rare earth Sc element can obviously improve the conductivity, strength and heat resistance of the aluminum alloy. The Sc reacts with Al after being added in a trace amount to produce stable Al3Sc，Al3The dispersed Sc particles are fine and uniform, and Al grains can be refined. Meanwhile, Sc reacts with Al and Zr to generate Al3(Sc, Zr) composite strengthening phase.
B: if the impurity elements in the aluminum conductor exist in a solid solution state, the influence on the conductivity is great, and the boronization treatment can effectively reduce the impurity content, namely after a certain amount of B element is added into the electrical aluminum, the B element can react with the impurity elements of transition group impurity elements such as Cr, Mn, V, Ti and the like, so that the B element is converted from the solid solution state to the compound state and is deposited at the bottom of a melt to purify the aluminum conductorThereby improving the conductivity of the aluminum alloy. Meanwhile, the heat resistance of the alloy can be obviously improved by adding a proper amount of Zr into the aluminum conductor, but the addition of Zr can also have adverse effect on the conductivity of the alloy. Research shows that proper amount of B is added into Zr-containing aluminum alloy to ensure the conductivity of the alloy while ensuring the heat resistance of the alloy. It is generally considered that when B is not added in excess in the alloy, that is, B added to the Zr-containing heat-resistant aluminum alloy material is controlled in a ratio of Zr: b is 1: 2, the added B forms ZrB with Zr in the alloy2Compound, due to its dispersed distribution and small particles, ZrB2Can not be used as the nucleation center of Al atoms, so that the Zr-based alloy can not generate grain refining effect on the alloy and can not increase grain boundaries, thereby reducing the negative influence of Zr element on the conductivity of the alloy. However, the excessive addition of B has a certain grain refining effect on Zr-containing aluminum alloys, but it causes the alloy to have a reduced high-temperature strength, resulting in a deteriorated alloy heat resistance.
Si: silicon is mainly derived from silicon dioxide or silicate in bauxite and is one of the main impurity elements in pure aluminum. Si can improve the casting performance and welding fluidity of the aluminum alloy and can also enable the aluminum alloy to have higher mechanical properties. However, as the Si content increases, the resistivity of the aluminum alloy increases. This is mainly because Si is a semiconductor and has a much higher resistivity than the aluminum matrix, so increasing the Si content will reduce the effective conductive cross-sectional area of the aluminum matrix, reducing the conductivity of the aluminum alloy. Therefore, the Si content should be minimized in order to reduce the resistivity of the duralumin material.
Fe: aluminum contains a certain amount of iron, which is a major impurity in pure aluminum. Since tools used for melting and casting are mainly made of steel or cast iron, Fe elements are carried into aluminum by these tools, and iron and scrap iron may be mixed in the remelting of scrap. Iron is detrimental to the mechanical properties of cast aluminum because it usually appears as coarse primary crystals, or as Al-Fe-Si compounds, which increase the hardness of aluminum to some extent but reduce the plasticity of aluminum. Recent studies have shown that iron can increase the strength of aluminum conductors without significantly reducing their electrical conductivity. However, it is also known that in practical production, the Fe/Si ratio of the aluminum conductor should be 1.3-1.5, and too high a ratio will significantly increase the resistivity, so that care should be taken to control the iron content.
Cr, Mn, V, Ti: the four elements are all impurity elements in electrician pure aluminum. If the impurity elements Cr, Mn, V, and Ti in the aluminum conductor exist in a solid solution state, they easily absorb free electrons in the conductor material and fill the incomplete electron shells. This reduction in the number of conduction electrons results in an increase in the resistivity of the aluminum conductor. Studies have shown that the detrimental effect per 1% (Cr + Mn + V + Ti) is 5 times the detrimental effect per 1% Si on the conductivity of aluminum conductors. Therefore, the strict control of the contents of Cr, Mn, V and Ti impurity elements has an important effect on ensuring the conductivity of the aluminum conductor.
Example 1
A conductive monofilament material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the preparation method of the conductive monofilament material comprises the following steps: 1) smelting: melting an aluminum ingot with the purity of 99.7% at 720-750 ℃, and adding the aluminum ingot in the form of Al-B, Al-Zr and Al-Y, Al-Sc master alloy;
2) refining: adding molten aluminum into the molten aluminum containing the intermediate alloy in the step 1) at 720 ℃ under stirring, refining for 20min, adding a covering agent, standing for 30min, and slagging off;
3) casting: pouring the aluminum liquid prepared in the step 2) into a red copper casting mould at 700 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
4) rod making: keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step 3) at 480 ℃ for 1h, and then rolling the aluminum alloy ingot into an aluminum alloy round rod with phi 9.5 mm;
5) drawing: drawing the aluminum alloy round rod prepared in the step 4) at the speed of 12-15/s, and drawing to obtain a monofilament with the deformation of 15% per pass.
Specifically, the adding sequence of the master alloy in the step 1) is as follows: adding Al-B intermediate alloy at 720 ℃, standing for 30min, heating to 730 ℃, and adding Al-Zr, Al-Y and Al-Sc intermediate alloy.
Specifically, the adding amount of the covering agent in the step 2) is 0.02% of the mass of the aluminum liquid.
Specifically, the size of the aluminum alloy ingot in the step 3) is 22 × 22 × 380 mm.
Specifically, the temperature of the wire drawing in the step 5) is 30 ℃; the monofilament has a diameter of 3.05 mm.
The electric conductivity of the conductive monofilament material prepared by the scheme is 61.7% IACS, the tensile strength is 190.2MPa, the elongation is 2.75%, and the heat resistance is 93.2%.
Example 2
A conductive monofilament material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the preparation method of the conductive monofilament material comprises the following steps:
1) smelting: melting an aluminum ingot with the purity of 99.7 percent at 730 ℃, and adding the aluminum ingot into the intermediate alloy in the form of Al-B, Al-Zr and Al-Y, Al-Sc intermediate alloy;
2) refining: adding molten aluminum into the molten aluminum containing the intermediate alloy in the step 1) at 725 ℃ under stirring, refining for 20min, adding a covering agent, standing for 30min, and slagging off;
3) casting: pouring the aluminum liquid prepared in the step 2) into a red copper casting mould at 710 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
4) rod making: keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step 3) at 490 ℃ for 1h, and then rolling the aluminum alloy ingot into an aluminum alloy round rod with phi 9.5 mm;
5) drawing: drawing the aluminum alloy round rod prepared in the step 4) at the speed of 13m/s, and drawing to obtain a monofilament with the deformation of 17% per pass.
Specifically, the adding sequence of the master alloy in the step 1) is as follows: adding Al-B intermediate alloy at 725 deg.C, standing for 30min, heating to 735 deg.C, and adding Al-Zr, Al-Y and Al-Sc intermediate alloy.
Specifically, the adding amount of the covering agent in the step 2) is 0.025 percent of the mass of the aluminum liquid.
Specifically, the size of the aluminum alloy ingot in the step 3) is 22 × 22 × 380 mm.
Specifically, the temperature of the wire drawing in the step 5) is 30-50 ℃; the monofilament has a diameter of 3.05 mm.
The electric conductivity of the conductive monofilament material prepared by the scheme is 61.8% IACS, the tensile strength is 185.3MPa, the elongation is 2.68%, and the heat resistance is 92.0%.
Example 3
A conductive monofilament material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the preparation method of the conductive monofilament material comprises the following steps:
1) smelting: melting an aluminum ingot with the purity of 99.7 percent at 735 ℃, and then adding the aluminum ingot into the intermediate alloy;
2) refining: adding molten aluminum into the molten aluminum containing the intermediate alloy in the step 1) at 727 ℃ under stirring, refining for 20min, adding a covering agent, standing for 30min, and slagging off;
3) casting: pouring the aluminum liquid prepared in the step 2) into a red copper casting mould at 715 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
4) rod making: keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step 3) at 500 ℃ for 1h, and then rolling the aluminum alloy ingot into an aluminum alloy round rod with phi 9.5 mm;
5) drawing: drawing the aluminum alloy round rod obtained in the step 4) at a speed of 14m/s, and drawing to obtain a monofilament with a deformation of 18% per pass.
Specifically, the adding sequence of the master alloy in the step 1) is as follows: adding Al-B intermediate alloy at 728 ℃, standing for 30min, and then heating to 740 ℃ to add Al-Zr, Al-Y and Al-Sc intermediate alloy.
Specifically, the adding amount of the covering agent in the step 2) is 0.03 percent of the mass of the aluminum liquid.
Specifically, the size of the aluminum alloy ingot in the step 3) is 22 × 22 × 380 mm.
Specifically, the temperature of the wire drawing in the step 5) is 30-50 ℃; the diameter of the monofilament is 3.05-3.60 mm.
The electric conductivity of the conductive monofilament material prepared by the scheme is 62.1% IACS, the tensile strength is 180.6MPa, the elongation is 2.63%, and the heat resistance is 91.6%.
Example 4
A conductive monofilament material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the preparation method of the conductive monofilament material comprises the following steps:
1) smelting: melting aluminum ingots with the purity of more than or equal to 99.7 percent at 740 ℃, and then adding the intermediate alloy;
2) refining: adding molten aluminum into the molten aluminum containing the intermediate alloy in the step 1) at 728 ℃ under stirring, refining for 20min, adding a covering agent, standing for 30min, and slagging off;
3) casting: pouring the aluminum liquid prepared in the step 2) into a red copper casting mould at 718 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
4) rod making: keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step 3) at 505 ℃ for 1h, and then rolling the aluminum alloy ingot into an aluminum alloy round rod with phi 9.5 mm;
5) drawing: drawing the aluminum alloy round rod obtained in the step 4) at a speed of 14m/s, and drawing to obtain a monofilament with a deformation of 18% per pass.
Specifically, the adding sequence of the master alloy in the step 1) is as follows: adding Al-B intermediate alloy at 730 ℃, standing for 30min, and heating to 745 ℃ to add Al-Zr, Al-Y and Al-Sc intermediate alloy.
Specifically, the adding amount of the covering agent in the step 2) is 0.035% of the mass of the aluminum liquid.
Specifically, the size of the aluminum alloy ingot in the step 3) is 22 × 22 × 380 mm.
Specifically, the temperature of the wire drawing in the step 5) is 30-50 ℃; the monofilament has a diameter of 3.60 mm.
The electric conductivity of the conductive monofilament material prepared by the scheme is 61.6% IACS, the tensile strength is 183.1MPa, the elongation is 2.70%, and the heat resistance is 91.8%.
Example 5
A conductive monofilament material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the preparation method of the conductive monofilament material comprises the following steps:
1) smelting: melting an aluminum ingot with the purity of 99.7 percent at 750 ℃, and then adding an intermediate alloy;
2) refining: adding molten aluminum into the molten aluminum containing the intermediate alloy in the step 1) at 730 ℃ under stirring, refining for 20min, adding a covering agent, standing for 30min, and slagging off;
3) casting: pouring the aluminum liquid prepared in the step 2) into a red copper casting mould at 720 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
4) rod making: keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step 3) at 510 ℃ for 1h, and then rolling the aluminum alloy ingot into an aluminum alloy round rod with phi 9.5 mm;
5) drawing: drawing the aluminum alloy round rod prepared in the step 4) at the speed of 15m/s, and drawing to obtain a monofilament with the deformation of 20% per pass.
Specifically, the adding sequence of the master alloy in the step 1) is as follows: adding Al-B intermediate alloy at 730 ℃, standing for 30min, heating to 750 ℃, and adding Al-Zr, Al-Y and Al-Sc intermediate alloy.
Specifically, the adding amount of the covering agent in the step 2) is 0.04% of the mass of the aluminum liquid.
Specifically, the size of the aluminum alloy ingot in the step 3) is 22 × 22 × 380 mm.
Specifically, the temperature of the wire drawing in the step 5) is 50 ℃; the monofilament has a diameter of 3.60 mm.
The electric conductivity of the conductive monofilament material prepared by the scheme is 61.5% IACS, the tensile strength is 181.5MPa, the elongation is 2.66%, and the heat resistance is 90.5%.
The compositions of the aluminum alloys prepared according to the respective examples are shown in Table 1, and the results of the performance tests of the aluminum alloys prepared according to the examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 1 aluminum alloy compositions prepared in examples (wt%)
| Group of | B | Zr | Y | Sc | Cr+Mn+V+Ti | Fe | Si |
| Example 1 | 0.012 | 0.020 | 0.050 | 0.080 | 0.008 | 0.108 | 0.048 |
| Example 2 | 0.015 | 0.025 | 0.060 | 0.060 | 0.008 | 0.110 | 0.050 |
| Example 3 | 0.020 | 0.026 | 0.050 | 0.080 | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.045 |
| Example 4 | 0.020 | 0.030 | 0.060 | 0.050 | 0.007 | 0.100 | 0.051 |
| Example 5 | 0.015 | 0.028 | 0.080 | 0.040 | 0.006 | 0.103 | 0.053 |
TABLE 2 Performance test results of the aluminum alloys prepared in examples and comparative examples
| Group of | Diameter (mm) | Electrical conductivity (% IACS) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Elongation percentage | Heat resistance |
| Example 1 | 3.05 | 61.7 | 190.2 | 2.75％ | 93.2％ |
| Example 2 | 3.05 | 61.8 | 185.3 | 2.68％ | 92.0％ |
| Example 3 | 3.50 | 62.1 | 180.6 | 2.63％ | 91.6％ |
| Example 4 | 3.60 | 61.6 | 183.1 | 2.70％ | 91.8％ |
| Example 5 | 3.60 | 61.5 | 181.5 | 2.66％ | 90.5％ |
As can be seen from Table 2, the conductive monofilament material of the present invention has significant advantages in combination properties, particularly, room temperature (20 ℃) conductivity is not less than 61.5% IACS, tensile strength is not less than 180MPa, elongation is not less than 2.6%, and heat resistance temperature is 150 ℃ (strength residue rate is more than 90% after heating at 230 ℃ for 1 hour).
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The conductive monofilament material is characterized by being prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: b: 0.001-0.02%, Y: 0.002-0.10%, Sc: 0.002-0.10%, Zr: 0.005-0.03%, Si: 0.001-0.06%, Fe: 0.001-0.12%, (V + Ti + Cr + Mn) is less than or equal to 0.008%, and the balance is aluminum and inevitable trace impurities.
2. The conductive monofilament material of claim 1, wherein said conductive monofilament material is made from the following components in mass percent: b: 0.012-0.02%, Y: 0.05-0.08%, Sc: 0.04-0.08%, Zr: 0.02 to 0.03%, Si: 0.045-0.053%, Fe: 0.09-0.11 percent, (V + Ti + Cr + Mn) is less than or equal to 0.008 percent, and the balance is aluminum and inevitable trace impurities.
3. A method for preparing the conductive monofilament material of claim 1, comprising:
1) smelting: melting an aluminum ingot with the purity of more than or equal to 99.7% at 720-750 ℃, and adding an intermediate alloy;
2) refining: adding molten aluminum into the molten aluminum containing the intermediate alloy in the step 1) at 720-730 ℃ under stirring, refining for 20min, adding a covering agent, standing for 30min, and slagging off;
3) casting: pouring the aluminum liquid prepared in the step 2) into a red copper casting mold at 700-720 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;
4) rod making: keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot prepared in the step 3) at 480-510 ℃ for 1h, and rolling the aluminum alloy ingot into an aluminum alloy round rod with the diameter of 9.5 mm;
5) drawing: drawing the aluminum alloy round rod prepared in the step 4) at the speed of 12-15 m/s, and drawing to obtain a monofilament with the deformation of 15-20% per pass.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the master alloy is added in step 1) in the order: adding an Al-B intermediate alloy at 720-730 ℃, standing for 30min, heating to 730-750 ℃, and adding an Al-Zr intermediate alloy, an Al-Y intermediate alloy and an Al-Sc intermediate alloy.
5. The preparation method of claim 3, wherein the addition amount of the covering agent in the step 2) is 0.02-0.04% of the mass of the aluminum liquid.
6. The manufacturing method of claim 3, wherein the size of the aluminum alloy ingot in the step 3) is 22 × 22 × 380 mm.
7. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the wire drawing in the step 5) is 30 to 50 ℃; the diameter of the monofilament is 3.05-3.60 mm.
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