CN113406326A - 一种用于预测子痫前期的生物学标志物及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于预测子痫前期的生物学标志物及其应用,属于生物技术领域。本发明首次发现Galα1,3GalNAc(糖苷键寡糖)在子痫前期胎盘组织中的表达较正常妊娠组织显著升高,Galα1,3GalNAc可被α1,3N‑乙酰半乳糖氨基转移酶(GTA)催化合成,将Galα1,3GalNAc与GTA作为诊断子痫前期的生物学标志物,同时证明了其对滋养层细胞的迁移侵袭,胎盘血管生成和增殖能力的影响。本发明有助于子痫前期的预测和诊断,并深入理解胚胎植入机理,并且为临床上以糖为靶点的子痫前期的治疗提供新的理论依据。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体涉及一种用于预测子痫前期的生物学标志物及其应用。
背景技术
子痫前期是一种全身性综合征,其特征是妊娠≥20周出现高血压和蛋白尿等症状;子痫前期的基本病理变化是全身小动脉血管痉挛,累及多个脏器,常常引起胎儿宫内生长受限、胎盘早剥、甚至流产等不良结局。子痫前期的主要发病原因包括:内皮细胞激活、血管内炎症、氧化应激、滋养层细胞侵袭异常、螺旋动脉重铸受损等;目前,子痫前期的发病机制普遍认为是多种因素共同作用的结果,其中滋养层细胞侵袭异常被认为是其发病的中心环节。滋养层细胞位于成熟胚胎的最外层,介导胚胎与子宫壁之间的识别,促进胚胎植入、胎盘发育。滋养层细胞具有分泌功能和迁移侵袭两大生物学功能。滋养层细胞包括绒毛细胞滋养层细胞(cytotrophoblast,CTB)和合体滋养层细胞(syncytiotrophoblast,STB),其中CTB可以分化为具有高度侵袭能力的绒毛外滋养层细胞(extravillous trophoblast,EVT),EVT可侵袭子宫内膜和母体螺旋动脉,参与胚胎植入、胎盘建立以及胎盘血管重塑,建立母胎循环以确保胎儿充足的营养和氧气供应。EVT向子宫环境的侵袭不足常常引起子痫前期、胎儿宫内生长受限等妊娠相关疾病。
尽管目前大量研究致力于阐明子痫前期的病因,并在子痫前期症状出现前预测该疾病,但子痫前期的发病机制尚不清楚。目前已有一些预测标志物被研究,但根据WHO的定义,没有一个被选为PE的预测或诊断标志物。因此,有必要进行进一步的研究。而迄今为止,PE的诊断标准包括临床参数和实验室检查,血管生成因子[促血管生成血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和胎盘生长因子(PlGF)]和抗血管生成因子[如酪氨酸激酶-1(sFlt-1)]的测定仍然是市场上最主要的检测方法,以及具有相对较低预测值的异常多普勒。因此,子痫前期诊断生物学标志物的研究尤为重要。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明的目的是提供了一种用于预测子痫前期的生物学标志物及其应用。蛋白质的糖基化是蛋白质翻译后修饰的重要方式之一,其参与胚胎着床、个体发育等多种过程。在妊娠过程中,糖链携带着巨大的生物信息参与精卵识别、胚胎发育及着床等过程。本发明首次发现Galα1,3GalNAc(糖苷键寡糖)在子痫前期胎盘组织中的表达较正常妊娠组织显著升高,Galα1,3GalNAc可被α1,3N-乙酰半乳糖氨基转移酶(GTA)催化合成,因此将Galα1,3GalNAc与GTA作为诊断子痫前期的生物学标志物,同时证明了其对滋养层细胞的迁移侵袭,胎盘血管生成和增殖能力的影响,这将有助于子痫前期的预测和诊断,并深入理解胚胎植入机理,并且为临床上以糖为靶点的子痫前期的治疗提供新的理论依据。
本发明目的是通过以下方式实现:
本发明提供一种用于预测子痫前期的生物学标志物,所述生物学标志物为Galα1,3GalNAc或/和α1,3N-乙酰半乳糖氨基转移酶。
进一步的,所述Galα1,3GalNAc,能够被大豆凝集素(Soybean Agglutinin,SBA)特异性识别,通过包含大豆凝集素的试剂进行检测。
进一步的,所述检测的病理样本为胎盘组织。
进一步的,所述胎盘组织包括绒毛细胞滋养层细胞(cytotrophoblast,CTB)、合体滋养层细胞(syncytiotrophoblast,STB)和绒毛外滋养层细胞(extravilloustrophoblast,EVT)。
进一步的,所述检测的病理样本为绒毛外滋养层细胞(extravilloustrophoblast,EVT)。
进一步的,所述检测的方法包括免疫组织化学(IHC)、凝集素印记(Lectin blot)、蛋白质免疫印迹实验(Western blot)、Transwell迁移侵袭实验、基质胶成管实验和EdU增殖实验。
本发明另一方面提供Galα1,3GalNAc或/和α1,3N-乙酰半乳糖氨基转移酶在制备预测子痫前期的诊断试剂或诊断试剂盒中的用途。
本发明相对于现有技术具有的有益效果如下:
1.本发明首次发现Galα1,3GalNAc在子痫前期胎盘组织中的表达较正常妊娠组织显著升高,Galα1,3GalNAc可被α1,3N-乙酰半乳糖氨基转移酶(GTA)催化合成,Galα1,3GalNAc与GTA可作为诊断子痫前期的生物学标志物。
2.本发明进一步通过Lectin blot和细胞免疫荧光检测滋养层细胞Galα1,3GalNAc的表达,从而证明转染GTA siRNA,可以抑制滋养细胞中Galα1,3GalNAc的表达,而在此基础上转染GTA cDNA可以促进Galα1,3GalNAc的合成;通过早孕绒毛外植体为原代模型、Transwell迁移侵袭实验、基质胶成管实验和EdU增殖实验证明了GTA通过促进滋养层细胞Galα1,3GalNAc的合成抑制滋养层细胞迁移侵袭、血管形成和增殖能力。
3.本发明有助于子痫前期的预测和诊断,并深入理解胚胎植入机理,并且为临床上以糖为靶点的子痫前期的治疗提供新的理论依据。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例,下面将对实施例涉及的附图进行简单地介绍。
图1为正常妊娠与子痫前期患者的胎盘组织中Galα1,3GalNAc与GTA表达情况图。其中,1st trimester是正常早孕阶段,3rd trimester是正常晚孕阶段,Pre-eclampsia是子痫前期。
图2为人绒毛膜滋养层细胞(HTR8/SVneo)在不同实验组中Galα1,3GalNAc与GTA表达情况图。
图3为不同实验组中人绒毛膜滋养层细胞(HTR8/SVneo)的迁移侵袭、血管形成和增殖能力情况图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细的说明,但本发明的实施方式不限于此,显而易见地,下面描述中的实施例仅是本发明的部分实施例,对于本领域技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,获得其他的类似的实施例均落入本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
材料和方法
临床样本(胎盘组织)来自孕期出现子痫前期症状的妇女和正常妊娠的健康妇女,石蜡包埋。
检测正常妊娠女性和子痫前期患者胎盘组织中Galα1,3GalNAc与GTA的表达。
1、免疫组织化学法检测胎盘组织中Galα1,3GalNAc与GTA的定位和表达
(1)脱腊:将准备好的石蜡切片依次放入下列溶液中:二甲苯I浸泡10min,然后用二甲苯II浸泡10min,100%乙醇I浸泡5min,100%乙醇II浸泡5min,95%乙醇浸泡5min,85%乙醇浸泡5min,70%乙醇浸泡5min;然后缓速水流冲洗10min,勿直冲切片,PBS浸洗3次,每次5min。
(2)抗原修复:将切片放入枸橼酸盐缓冲液中,盖上盖子,微波炉解冻档处理20min。取出自然冷却至室温。
(3)PBS浸洗3次,每次5min;将切片擦干置于棕色盒中滴加3%过氧化氢,室温避光孵育20min。
(4)山羊血清封闭:PBS浸洗3次,每次5min;擦干滴上山羊血清,棕色盒中封闭1h。
(5)一抗孵育:滤纸吸干多余液体,一抗4℃过夜(兔抗人GTA 1:150;凝集素SBA1:300)。
(6)复温:第二天取出,室温放置1h。
(7)PBS洗3次,每次10min,之后甩去PBS,吸干背面与正面的液体,加入生物素化二抗室温孵育1h。
(8)PBS洗3次每次5min,加入辣根酶标记的链霉卵白素室温孵育1h。
(9)PBS洗3次每次10min,之后DAB显色,时间从5s算起,显微镜下观测。
(10)流水冲洗10min,苏木素染色。
(11)流水冲洗10min后开始脱水:70%的乙醇(2min)-85%的乙醇(2min)-95%的乙醇(2min)-无水乙醇I(2min)-无水乙醇II(2min)-二甲苯II(2min)-二甲苯I(2min)。
(12)封片:中性树胶覆盖在载玻片上,确定样品无气泡。晾干后正置显微镜镜下观察拍照(图1A所示)。
2、Western blot、Lectin blot检测Galα1,3GalNAc与GTA的表达
细胞总蛋白的提取
将细胞从培养箱中取出,弃去上清液,用PBS洗2次;
然后根据细胞量加入适当的细胞裂解液,冰上孵育10分钟。
用蛋白刮刮取细胞,置于1.5mLEP管中,封口膜封口,置于沸水中煮15分钟。-20℃保存备用。
胎盘组织蛋白的提取
从-80℃冰箱中取出胎盘组织,置于冰上剪取适当的组织放入EP管中,加入组织蛋白裂解液,按100:1加入蛋白酶抑制剂,置于冰上研磨。
置于4℃孵育4-6h,每隔30min涡旋振荡器震荡15秒。组织蛋白裂解物于4℃离心10000g离心10min,收集上清液于新的EP管。
使用BCA蛋白质定量试剂盒对蛋白质进行定量,加入蛋白裂解液煮沸变性15min。
进行SDS-PAGE电泳,具体步骤如下:
制胶:玻璃板对齐放在制胶架上拧至1.0的档位,并确保不漏。配置10%分离胶和6%浓缩胶,充分摇匀。先将分离胶沿玻璃板的内面缓缓加入,后用无水乙醇液封,室温凝固30min。弃去乙醇,擦去残留的乙醇,然后加入浓缩胶,插入梳子,室温凝固30min,待胶体凝固后,小心拔出梳子,放于电泳液中备用。
上样:根据蛋白质定量的结果计算样本的上样体积,上样量为25-40μg;
电泳:电泳过程中保持冰浴,用100V的电压进行电泳,待蛋白样品从浓缩胶进入分离胶后,将电压改为120V,实时观察蛋白Maker的位置,终止电泳。
转膜:小心拆开玻璃板根据目的分子量大小切取胶块,根据所切胶大小裁滤纸和醋酸纤维素膜(NC膜)。按照海绵垫、滤纸、膜、胶、滤纸、海绵垫的顺序,注意不要产生气泡,将其放入装有转膜液的转膜槽中。在电压为150V、电流为250mA转膜适当时间,转膜结束后可用丽春红染色,确认转膜的情况。
一抗孵育:配制一抗(兔抗人GTA 1:1000;兔抗人CD31 1:1000;兔抗人VEGFR2 1:1000;兔抗人GAPDH 1:2000;凝集素SBA 1:8000),4℃过夜孵育,次日捞出,TBST洗膜洗4次,每次10min。
二抗孵育:HRP标记的二抗(羊抗兔IgG 1:3000;链霉卵白素1:12000)室温孵育1h。TBST洗膜洗4次,每次10min。
发光显影:将发光液A液、B液以1:1混匀,避光放置。NC膜用滤纸擦干,覆上发光液,置于Bio-Rad成像仪进行显色,Image Lab软件分析条带。
由图1可知,1st trimester(早孕阶段)和3rd trimester(晚孕阶段)实验组的胎盘组织中仅有微量的Galα1,3GalNAc与GTA,子痫前期患者的胎盘组织中Galα1,3GalNAc与GTA明显增多,即子痫前期患者的胎盘组织中Galα1,3GalNAc与GTA较正常妊娠组织明显增多。
实施例2:Western blot、细胞免疫荧光检测滋养层细胞中Galα1,3GalNAc的表达
爬片:人绒毛膜滋养层细胞(HTR8/SVneo)经胰酶消化后,800rpm,离心4min,新鲜培养基重悬,将细胞悬液放入带有爬片的培养皿中,让细胞长在爬片上。
收片:去除培养皿中的培养基,PBS洗3次、每次3min。
固定:向培养皿中倾斜加入4%的多聚甲醛,固定20min。
弃去多聚甲醛,PBS洗3次、每次3min。
封闭:挑选爬片放入湿盒,加入免疫染色封闭液封闭1h。
一抗孵育:从封闭液中夹出片子,滤纸吸干,孵上一抗,4℃过夜(兔抗人GTA 1:150;凝集素SBA 1:300)。
次日将爬片从冰箱湿盒中取出放在瓷孔板中,PBS洗6次、每次5min。
滴加荧光标记的二抗,室温孵育1h,PBS洗6次、每次5min。
DAPI染核:爬片滴加DAPI室温染色10min(DAPI 1:4000)。
封片:PBS洗3次、每次3min;抗荧光淬灭剂封片,倒置荧光显微镜下观察拍照。
由图2可知,转染GTA siRNA,可以抑制滋养细胞中Galα1,3GalNAc的表达,而转染GTA cDNA可以促进Galα1,3GalNAc的合成。
实施例3:早孕绒毛外植体培养
(1)铺胶:将matrigel放于4℃冰箱中融化、用无血清培养基DMEM/F-12按1:2的比例稀释matrigel,轻轻吹打混匀,向96孔板中每孔加入50μL matrigel,尽量不要产生气泡,置于37℃培养箱中。
(2)从因非医学原因在附属医院妇产科手术室行人工流产的健康妇女获得妊娠早期绒毛组织,立即用预冷无菌PBS漂洗干净血块。
(3)在无菌的操作台中,将绒毛组织放入含有PBS的大皿中,剪成2-5mm的片段。
(4)小心的转移到96孔板的matrigel中,使其锚定在matrigel的中央。
(5)锚定4-6h后,加入完全培养基,倒置显微镜下观察形态并拍照记为0h。
(6)弃培养基,按照分组进行转染,分别加入含有Scramble(未处理组)或GTAsiRNA的无血清培养基。
(7)转染6h后,加入含有10%FBS的DMEM/F-12完全培养基,终止转染。
(8)在转染后第24h、48h取出孔板动态观察并拍照,用Photoshop CS6软件测量EVTs自绒毛末端的外生性迁移的距离。
由图3(A)可知,结果显示:与Scramble对照组相比,转染GTA siRNA组的绒毛外滋养层细胞(EVTs)外生迁移的距离明显增加。
实施例4:Transwell迁移侵袭实验
(1)小室铺胶:将matrigel放于4℃冰箱中融化,用无血清培养基DMEM/F-12按1:9的比例稀释matrigel,轻轻吹打混匀,向Transwell小室中加入50μLmatrigel,尽量不要产生气泡,将小室放于24孔板中置于37℃培养箱。
(2)细胞计数:培养箱中取出Scramble、GTA siRNA、空载Vector、GTA cDNA组的细胞,经胰酶消化后,800rpm,离心4min用无血清培养基重悬,计数板计数3次,调节细胞浓度为2x105个/mL。
(3)向24孔板加入700μL含10%FBS的DMEM/F-12培养基后轻轻放入Transwell小室,从细胞悬液中吸取200μL细胞悬液加入Transwell小室,置于37℃培养箱中继续培养数小时
(4)结晶紫染色:取出小室,PBS轻涮小室;甲醇固定15min,PBS漂洗小室2次,每次5min;0.5%结晶紫染液染色15min,PBS漂洗小室2次,每次5min;用棉签轻轻擦掉小室内侧的细胞;倒置显微镜下随机选择3个不同的视野照相并计算细胞数;实验重复三次,统计结果。
由图3(B)可知,Transwell迁移侵袭实验证明了GTA通过促进滋养层细胞Galα1,3GalNAc的合成抑制滋养层细胞迁移侵袭、血管形成和增殖能力。
实施例5:基质胶成管实验
(1)铺胶:将matrigel放于4℃冰箱中融化,用预冷的枪头将matrigel铺入96孔板中,每孔50μL matrigel,尽量不要产生气泡,置于37℃培养箱培养1-2h。
(2)培养箱中取出Scramble、GTA siRNA、GTA cDNA实验组的细胞HTR8/SVneo,经胰酶消化后,800rpm,离心4min;用无血清培养基重悬,计数板计数3次,调节细胞浓度为5×104个/mL;将细胞置于已准备好的matrigel上,于2h和12h显微镜下观察小管的形成情况并拍照。
由图3(C)可知,与Scramble组相比,转染GTA siRNA后HTR8/SVneo细胞成管能力明显增强;而GTA siRNA+GTA cDNA共处理组其成管能力与GTA siRNA组相比受到抑制
实施例6:EdU增殖实验实验
(1)细胞培养:取对数生长期的Scramble、GTA siRNA、空载Vector、GTA cDNA组的HTR8/SVneo细胞,每孔5×103个细胞接种于96孔板中。
(2)EdU标记:待细胞贴壁后,用新鲜的DMEM/F-12完全培养基按照1000:1的比例稀释EdU溶液,制备50μM EdU培养基,每孔加入100μL置于37℃培养箱中孵育2小时,弃培养基。PBS清洗细胞2次,每次5min。
(3)细胞固定:每孔加入50μL 4%多聚甲醛室温孵育30min,弃去固定液;每孔加入50μL 2mg/mL的甘氨酸溶液,摇床孵育5min;弃甘氨酸溶液,加入PBS摇床清洗5min;弃PBS,加入100μL 0.1%Triton X-100摇床孵育10min;PBS清洗1次,5min。
(4)Apollo染色:每孔加入100μL的1×Apollo染色反应液,室温避光摇床孵育30min;弃染色液每孔加入100μL 0.1%Triton X-100摇床清洗3次,每次10min,弃渗透剂。
(5)活细胞标记:用去离子水按照100:1的比例配置1×Hoechest33342反应液,每孔加入100μL,室温避光摇床孵育30min后弃反应染色液,加入100μL PBS清洗2次,倒置显微镜下观测拍照。
由图3(D)可知,EdU增殖实验证明了下调GTA的表达后能够显著促进HTR8/SVneo细胞的增殖,与GTA siRNA组相比,GTA siRNA+GTA cDNA共处理之后HTR8/SVneo细胞增殖能力有所降低,表明GTA cDNA能够抑HTR8/SVneo细胞的增殖能力。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于预测子痫前期的生物学标志物,其特征在于,所述生物学标志物为Galα1,3GalNAc或/和α1,3N-乙酰半乳糖氨基转移酶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生物学标志物,其特征在于,所述Galα1,3GalNAc通过包含大豆凝集素的试剂进行检测。
3.根据权利要求2所述的生物学标志物,其特征在于,所述检测的病理样本为胎盘组织。
4.根据权利要求3所述的生物学标志物,其特征在于,所述胎盘组织包括绒毛细胞滋养层细胞、合体滋养层细胞和绒毛外滋养层细胞。
5.根据权利要求4所述的生物学标志物,其特征在于,所述检测的病理样本为绒毛外滋养层细胞。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的生物学标志物,其特征在于,所述检测的方法包括免疫组织化学、凝集素印记、蛋白质免疫印迹实验、Transwell迁移侵袭实验、基质胶成管实验和EdU增殖实验。
7.权利要求1所述的Galα1,3GalNAc或/和α1,3N-乙酰半乳糖氨基转移酶在制备预测子痫前期的诊断试剂或诊断试剂盒中的用途。
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CN114047336A (zh) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-02-15 | 大连医科大学 | 一种用于辅助诊断复发性流产的生物标志物及其应用 |
CN114167057A (zh) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-11 | 大连医科大学 | 一种诊断流产的生物学标志物及其应用 |
CN114217074A (zh) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-22 | 大连医科大学 | 一种辅助诊断复发性流产的生物标志物及其应用 |
CN115873943A (zh) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-03-31 | 山东大学 | 骨形态发生蛋白2在子痫前期诊断、预防和治疗中的应用 |
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CN114167057A (zh) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-11 | 大连医科大学 | 一种诊断流产的生物学标志物及其应用 |
CN114217074A (zh) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-22 | 大连医科大学 | 一种辅助诊断复发性流产的生物标志物及其应用 |
CN114167057B (zh) * | 2021-12-10 | 2024-04-19 | 大连医科大学 | 一种诊断流产的生物学标志物及其应用 |
CN114047336A (zh) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-02-15 | 大连医科大学 | 一种用于辅助诊断复发性流产的生物标志物及其应用 |
CN115873943A (zh) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-03-31 | 山东大学 | 骨形态发生蛋白2在子痫前期诊断、预防和治疗中的应用 |
CN115873943B (zh) * | 2023-02-13 | 2024-03-29 | 山东大学 | 骨形态发生蛋白2在子痫前期诊断、预防和治疗中的应用 |
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