CN113402446B - 一种3-氨基4-羟基咔唑类化合物、制备方法及应用 - Google Patents

一种3-氨基4-羟基咔唑类化合物、制备方法及应用 Download PDF

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CN113402446B
CN113402446B CN202110693703.7A CN202110693703A CN113402446B CN 113402446 B CN113402446 B CN 113402446B CN 202110693703 A CN202110693703 A CN 202110693703A CN 113402446 B CN113402446 B CN 113402446B
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曹冬冬
杨健国
陈钢
陈定奔
夏智军
李宗阳
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Taizhou University
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Abstract

本发明公开一种制备3‑氨基‑4‑羟基咔唑类化合物、制备方法及应用。所述化合物的结构式如下:

Description

一种3-氨基4-羟基咔唑类化合物、制备方法及应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高效、简洁的化学反应,在较温和的反应体系中,通过串联的插烯共轭加成、环化反应、消除反应和芳构化反应,合成3-氨基-4-羟基咔唑类化合物的方法。
背景技术
咔唑结构单元存在于天然产物、药物和功能材料中。例如,4-羟基咔唑存在于治疗高血压和抗心力衰竭药物卡维地诺(J.Med.Chem.2019,62,5312)中,另外具有抗菌活性天然产物carbazomycin家族(J.Antibiot.1980,33,683)也含有此片段。
4-羟基咔唑的传统合成方法是钯催化的四氢-4H-咔唑-4-酮的脱氢芳构化(Tetrahedron 2003,59,6323),该反应存在反应条件苛刻,无法直接获取取代4-羟基咔唑等不足之处。由于吲哚具有容易获得的优势,因此发展以吲哚为原料,利用吲哚的苯环化策略制备4-羟基咔唑衍生物的方法也被报道出来。在众多此类方法中,3-硝基吲哚由于制备方法简洁(Synthesis 1999,7,1117),因此3-硝基吲哚的苯环化反应是一种更加高效、简便地合成4-羟基咔唑的方法。目前已报道的与3-硝基吲哚反应制备4-羟基咔唑的底物包括:甲氧基取代1,3-环己二烯(Tetrahedron 2009,65,5328)、1-三甲基硅氧基-1,3-丁二烯(Lett.Org.Chem.2012,9,691)和烯醛(Org.Chem.Front.2020,7,3862)。然而,这些方法具有底物范围窄、反应条件剧烈和(或者)反应操作繁琐等不足之处。
基于4-羟基基咔唑衍生物的重要用途以及目前合成方法上的不足之处,为了高效、简洁地合成这类化合物,我们发明了一种合成取代4-羟基咔唑类化合物的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种3-氨基4-羟基咔唑类化合物、制备方法及应用。
一种3-氨基-4-羟基咔唑类化合物:
Figure BDA0003127590570000021
根据本发明,所述的3-氨基-4-羟基咔唑类化合物的合成步骤为:以3-硝基吲哚类化合物和亚烷基吖内酯类化合物为原料,在碳酸钾作用下,四氢呋喃/正己烷(1:2,v/v)为溶剂,在氮气保护下,合成目标化合物,其中,目标化合物的合成反应式为:
Figure BDA0003127590570000022
上述反应中3-硝基吲哚类化合物1和亚烷基吖内酯类化合物2投料摩尔比为1:1.2,碳酸钾与3-硝基吲哚类化合物1投料摩尔比为2:1,以四氢呋喃/正己烷(1:2,v/v)为溶剂,氮气保护下,反应时间为24-36h,反应温度为40-60℃。
上述反应结束后,待反应体系冷却至室温,对反应体系进行后处理,柱色谱纯化,得到目标产物3。
上述3-氨基-4-羟基咔唑类化合物可以应用于光电材料核心结构(EP2894157A1,2015)和潜在活性药物分子(WO 2014153055A2,2014)的合成。
采用本发明所述方法制备了一种3-氨基-4-羟基咔唑类化合物,本发明的优势在于:首次合成3-氨基-4-羟基咔唑类化合物,原料容易制备,反应条件温和,操作简便,不需要金属催化剂。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明,本发明的实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案,并非限定本发明。
实施例1
Figure BDA0003127590570000031
氮气保护下,向25mL干燥的反应管中加入1a(0.20mmol)、2a(0.24mmol,1.2equiv)、四氢呋喃/正己烷(1:2,v/v,4mL)和磁子。室温下搅拌,然后加入无水K2CO3(0.40mmol,2.0equiv),移至40℃的油浴中继续搅拌24h。反应结束后,待反应液冷却至室温,向其中加入稀盐酸(1M,2mL),继续搅拌几分钟,减压旋去其中有机溶剂。向剩余的混合液中加入H2O(10mL),用CH2Cl2(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压旋去有机溶剂,残留物用柱色谱(DCM:PE=1:1)分离得到产物3a,收率85%。
白色固体,90.2mg,mp=220-221℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ10.34(br s,1H),8.43(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),8.30(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.99(br s,1H),7.90(s,1H),7.68(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.60-7.46(m,9H),7.42-7.37(m,3H),7.11(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.28(s,3H)ppm.13C{1H}NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.7,146.50,145.0,138.2,138.1,137.5,135.1,134.7,132.5,132.2,129.8,129.7,129.2,128.9,128.5,127.2,126.7,126.4,126.1,124.2,123.7,118.7,117.3,114.4,108.2,21.5ppm.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z:[M+Na]+ Calcd forC32H24N2NaO4S+ 555.1349;Found 555.1358.
实施例2
Figure BDA0003127590570000041
氮气保护下,向25mL干燥的反应管中加入1a(0.20mmol)、2b(0.24mmol,1.2equiv)、四氢呋喃/正己烷(1:2,v/v,4mL)和磁子。室温下搅拌,然后加入无水K2CO3(0.40mmol,2.0equiv),移至40℃的油浴中继续搅拌24h。反应结束后,待反应液冷却至室温,向其中加入稀盐酸(1M,2mL),继续搅拌几分钟,减压旋去其中有机溶剂。向剩余的混合液中加入H2O(10mL),用CH2Cl2(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压旋去有机溶剂,残留物用柱色谱(DCM:PE=1:1)分离得到产物3b,收率50%。
白色固体,55.0mg,mp=210-211℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ10.30(br s,1H),8.41(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),8.30(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.05(br s,1H),7.87(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.67(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.56(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.53-7.45(m,2H),7.40-7.35(m,7H),7.10(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),2.48(s,3H),2.27(s,3H)ppm.13C{1H}NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.7,146.4,144.9,138.4,138.1,137.5,135.1,134.7,132.5,132.2,129.8,129.7,129.6,128.8,127.2,126.6,126.4,126.2,124.1,123.7,118.8,117.1,114.4,108.2,21.4,21.3ppm.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z:[M+Na]+ Calcd for C33H26N2NaO4S+ 569.1505;Found 569.1515.
实施例3
Figure BDA0003127590570000051
氮气保护下,向25mL干燥的反应管中加入1a(0.20mmol)、2c(0.24mmol,1.2equiv)、四氢呋喃/正己烷(1:2,v/v,4mL)和磁子。室温下搅拌,然后加入无水K2CO3(0.40mmol,2.0equiv),移至40℃的油浴中继续搅拌24h。反应结束后,待反应液冷却至室温,向其中加入稀盐酸(1M,2mL),继续搅拌几分钟,减压旋去其中有机溶剂。向剩余的混合液中加入H2O(10mL),用CH2Cl2(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压旋去有机溶剂,残留物用柱色谱(DCM:PE=5:1)分离得到产物3c,收率84%。
白色固体,96.9mg,mp 267-268℃.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.35(br s,1H),9.73(br s,1H),8.27-8.23(m,4H),7.81-7.56(m,7H),7.60-7.43(m,5H),7.35(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),2.29(s,3H)ppm.13C{1H}NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.7,150.6,146.8,146.6,145.9,138.9,137.4,137.3,134.3,133.6,131.4,130.3,130.2,128.1,127.7,127.2,126.3,125.1,124.6,123.2,123.0,118.1,114.8,114.2,106.3,21.1ppm.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z:[M+Na]+ Calcd for C32H23N3NaO6S+ 600.1200;Found 600.1204.
实施例4
Figure BDA0003127590570000052
氮气保护下,向25mL干燥的反应管中加入1a(0.20mmol)、2d(0.24mmol,1.2equiv)、四氢呋喃/正己烷(1:2,v/v,4mL)和磁子。室温下搅拌,然后加入无水K2CO3(0.40mmol,2.0equiv),移至40℃的油浴中继续搅拌24h。反应结束后,待反应液冷却至室温,向其中加入稀盐酸(1M,2mL),继续搅拌几分钟,减压旋去其中有机溶剂。向剩余的混合液中加入H2O(10mL),用CH2Cl2(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压旋去有机溶剂,残留物用柱色谱(DCM:PE=1:1)分离得到产物3d,收率63%。
白色固体,73.0mg,mp 212-213℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ10.28(br s,1H),8.46(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),8.32(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.07(br s,1H),8.03-7.91(m,5H),7.69(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.64-7.59(m,3H),7.54-7.39(m,5H),7.30(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.12(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.29(s,3H)ppm.13C{1H}NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.9,146.7,145.0,138.2,137.7,135.5,135.0,134.8,133.4,132.9,132.5,132.2,129.7,129.1,128.9,128.9,128.1,127.9,127.5,127.2,127.0,126.9,126.7,126.5,126.1,124.2,123.8,118.8,117.4,114.5,108.6,21.5ppm.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z:[M+Na]+ Calcd for C36H26N2NaO4S+605.1505;Found 605.1520.
实施例5
Figure BDA0003127590570000061
氮气保护下,向25mL干燥的反应管中加入1a(0.20mmol)、2e(0.24mmol,1.2equiv)、四氢呋喃/正己烷(1:2,v/v,4mL)和磁子。室温下搅拌,然后加入无水K2CO3(0.40mmol,2.0equiv),移至60℃的油浴中继续搅拌24h。反应结束后,待反应液冷却至室温,向其中加入稀盐酸(1M,2mL),继续搅拌几分钟,减压旋去其中有机溶剂。向剩余的混合液中加入H2O(10mL),用CH2Cl2(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压旋去有机溶剂,残留物用柱色谱(DCM:PE=1:1)分离得到产物3e,收率24%。
白色固体,25.4mg,mp 189-190℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ10.28(br s,1H),8.44(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),8.36(br s,1H),8.30(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.03(s,1H),7.70(t,J=8.2Hz,4H),7.59-7.54(m,2H),7.51-7.45(m,3H),7.40(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.24(m,2H),7.12(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),2.28(s,3H)ppm.13C{1H}NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.7,146.5,145.0,139.3,138.2,137.3,134.6,132.7,132.1,129.7,129.0,128.0,127.9,127.5,127.4,127.2,126.9,126.5,126.0,124.3,123.8,119.1,117.9,114.5,109.1,21.5ppm.HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+Na]+ Calcd for C30H22N2NaO4S2 + 561.0913;Found 561.0922.
实施例6
Figure BDA0003127590570000071
氮气保护下,向25mL干燥的反应管中加入1a(0.20mmol)、2f(0.24mmol,1.2equiv)、四氢呋喃/正己烷(1:2,v/v,4mL)和磁子。室温下搅拌,然后加入无水K2CO3(0.40mmol,2.0equiv),移至40℃的油浴中继续搅拌36h。反应结束后,待反应液冷却至室温,向其中加入稀盐酸(1M,2mL),继续搅拌几分钟,减压旋去其中有机溶剂。向剩余的混合液中加入H2O(10mL),用CH2Cl2(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压旋去有机溶剂,残留物用柱色谱(DCM:PE=1:1)分离得到产物3f,收率32%。
白色固体,29.9mg,mp 247-248℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.39(br s,1H),8.35(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),8.25(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.94-7.92(m,3H),7.80(s,1H),7.66(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.61(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.53(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.43(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.35(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.09(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.55(s,3H),2.26(s,3H)ppm.13C{1H}NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ167.2,146.5,144.9,137.8,137.7,134.8,132.8,132.7,130.2,129.6,129.0,127.3,126.4,126.3,126.2,124.1,123.4,119.9,116.3,114.4,108.5,21.5,19.5ppm.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z:[M+Na]+ Calcd for C27H22N2NaO4S+ 493.1192;Found 493.1197.
实施例7
Figure BDA0003127590570000081
氮气保护下,向25mL干燥的反应管中加入1a(0.20mmol)、2g(0.24mmol,1.2equiv)、四氢呋喃/正己烷(1:2,v/v,4mL)和磁子。室温下搅拌,然后加入无水K2CO3(0.40mmol,2.0equiv),移至40℃的油浴中继续搅拌24h。反应结束后,待反应液冷却至室温,向其中加入稀盐酸(1M,2mL),继续搅拌几分钟,减压旋去其中有机溶剂。向剩余的混合液中加入H2O(10mL),用CH2Cl2(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压旋去有机溶剂,残留物用柱色谱(DCM:PE=1:1)分离得到产物3g,收率72%。
白色固体,79.0mg,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ10.40(br s,1H),8.44(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),8.30(d,J=8.0Hz,1H)8.04(br s,1H),7.90(s,1H),7.68(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.57-7.44(m,5H),7.42-7.38(m,3H),7.35-7.29(m,3H),7.11(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.45,2.28ppm.13C{1H}NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.7,146.5,144.9,139.1,138.1,138.1,137.6,135.2,134.8,132.6,132.4,130.6,129.7,129.3,129.1,128.9,127.2,126.9,126.7,126.5,126.2,124.2,123.7,118.8,117.2,114.5,108.1,21.49,21.47ppm.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z:[M+Na]+Calcd for C33H26N2NaO4S+ 569.1505;Found 569.1514.
实施例8
Figure BDA0003127590570000091
氮气保护下,向25mL干燥的反应管中加入1a(0.20mmol)、2h(0.24mmol,1.2equiv)、四氢呋喃/正己烷(1:2,v/v,4mL)和磁子。室温下搅拌,然后加入无水K2CO3(0.40mmol,2.0equiv),移至40℃的油浴中继续搅拌24h。反应结束后,待反应液冷却至室温,向其中加入稀盐酸(1M,2mL),继续搅拌几分钟,减压旋去其中有机溶剂。向剩余的混合液中加入H2O(10mL),用CH2Cl2(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压旋去有机溶剂,残留物用柱色谱(DCM:PE=1:1)分离得到产物3h,收率20%。
白色固体,22.6mg,mp 226-227℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ10.24,8.43(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),8.31(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.85(s,1H),7.77(br s,1H),7.68(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.65-7.62(m,2H),7.54-7.35(m,10H),7.10(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),2.27ppm.13C{1H}NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ167.2,146.4,145.0,138.2,137.4,136.9,134.5,133.9,132.5,132.5,132.3,132.1,130.3,130.0,129.6,128.9,127.7,127.1,126.8,126.5,126.2,124.3,123.8,119.3,118.0,114.6,108.5,21.5ppm.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z:[M+Na]+ Calcd forC32H23ClN2NaO4S+ 589.0959;Found 589.0970.
采用本发明所述方法制备了一种3-氨基-4-羟基咔唑类化合物,合成此类化合物的方法目前未见报道。本发明的优势在于:首次合成3-氨基-4-羟基咔唑类化合物,原料容易制备,反应条件温和,操作简便。
应用实验
利用本发明所得化合物中邻位的羟基、氨基官能团,经过简单的化学转化制备光电材料核心结构4和潜在活性药物分子5。下面以化合物3a为例进行说明:
化合物4的合成路线如下:
Figure BDA0003127590570000101
向25mL干燥的反应管中加入3a(0.10mmol)、MeSO3H(0.30mmol,3.0equiv,28.8mg)和磁子。移至油浴中加热回流搅拌18h。反应结束后,待反应液冷却至室温,向其中加入H2O(10mL),用CH2Cl2(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压旋去有机溶剂,残留物用柱色谱(DCM:PE=1:2)分离得到产物4,收率97%。
白色固体,49.7mg,97%yield.mp 270-272℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.62(s,1H),8.43(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.37-8.35(m,2H),8.26(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),8.19(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.73(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.62-7.46(m,8H),7.10(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),2.24(s,3H)ppm.13C{1H}NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ162.5,145.1144.6,138.8,137.4,137.0,136.9,134.7,131.7,131.3,129.7,129.4,128.8,128.7,128.1,127.6,127.4,127.1,126.5,124.5,123.4,122.1,115.5,110.7,110.4,21.5ppm.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z:[M+H]+ Calcd for C32H23N2O3S+515.1424;Found 515.1434.
化合物5的合成路线如下:
Figure BDA0003127590570000111
向25mL干燥的反应管中加入3a(0.20mmol)、水合肼(85%,1.0mL)和磁子。移至油浴中回流搅拌4h。反应结束后,待反应液冷却至室温,用稀盐酸(1M)调节溶液pH至6,用CH2Cl2(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压旋去有机溶剂,残留物用无水四氢呋喃溶解,然后加入N,N'-羰基二咪唑(CDI,0.24mmol,1.2equiv,38.9mg),反应体系移至油浴加热回流搅拌4h.待反应液冷却至室温,减压旋去有机溶剂,残留物用柱色谱(DCM)分离得到产物5,收率53%。
白色固体,48.0mg,53%yield.mp>300℃.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.97(br s,1H),8.29(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.07(s,1H),8.01(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.76-7.51(m,9H),7.30(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.25(s,3H)ppm.13C{1H}NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ154.9,145.8,138.1,136.8,136.2,134.0,133.3,130.2,129.2,128.4,128.3,126.3,125.0,124.8,123.6,122.2,114.9,109.3,109.0,21.0ppm.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z:[M+H]+ Calcd for C26H19N2O4S+455.1060;Found 455.1065。
需要说明的是,上述发明内容及具体实施方式意在证明本发明所提供技术方案的实际应用,不应解释为对本发明保护范围的限定。本领域技术人员在本发明的精神和原理内,当可作各种修改、等同替换、或改进。本发明的保护范围以所附权利要求书为准。

Claims (1)

1.一种3-氨基-4-羟基咔唑类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
合成步骤为:原料1、2和碳酸钾加入由四氢呋喃和正己烷组成的混合溶剂中,加热至40-60oC反应24-36h,柱层析分离得到目标化合物3;其中,原料2中R=CH3,芳基;混合溶剂中四氢呋喃和正己烷的体积比为1:2;碳酸钾与原料1的摩尔比为2:1。
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