CN113397056A - Feed for improving lean meat percentage of piglets and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Feed for improving lean meat percentage of piglets and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113397056A CN113397056A CN202110774619.8A CN202110774619A CN113397056A CN 113397056 A CN113397056 A CN 113397056A CN 202110774619 A CN202110774619 A CN 202110774619A CN 113397056 A CN113397056 A CN 113397056A
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- lean meat
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K—FODDER
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
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Abstract
The invention provides a compound feed for improving lean meat percentage of piglets, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: corn: 40-55 parts of steam fish meal, 8-15 parts of soybean meal, 1-5 parts of flour, 1-3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5-1 part of stone powder, 0.8-1.2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3-0.5 part of sodium chloride, 0.5-2 parts of compound amino acid, 0.02-0.04 part of amino acid zinc, 0.01-0.04 part of plant extract feed additive, 0.01 part of complex enzyme, 0.01 part of probiotics, 0.03-0.04 part of compound vitamin and 0.1 part of compound trace element. The invention ensures that the lean meat percentage of the piglets is improved by adding probiotics, organic trace elements and plant extract feed additives.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of feed formula design and feed processing technology, and particularly provides a feed for improving lean meat percentage of piglets and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of economy and the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the consumption of pork of people is continuously increased, the requirement of consumers on the quality of the pork is higher and higher, and the pork product brings good economic benefit and social benefit.
At present, in the large-scale intensive pig raising process, pork pigs in the fattening period are in a rapid fattening stage. Due to the fact that the protein content and the energy level in the feed are too high, the phenomenon of over-fattening of a swinery is easy to occur, the overall quality is poor, how to improve the lean meat percentage of the swinery and improve the health level of the swinery is achieved, the fattening result of the swinery is not affected, the original feed formula needs to be changed, the swinery can grow fast, good pork quality is obtained, and a high-quality healthy pork product is provided for consumers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets, which utilizes the characteristics of high amino acid absorption and utilization rate and good palatability, and comprehensively uses organic trace elements, plant extracts, complex enzyme preparations, probiotics and the like by designing the levels of amino acids such as lysine, sulfur-containing amino acid, isoleucine and the like in the feed, thereby ensuring the intestinal health of the piglets, improving the nutrient absorption, enhancing the disease resistance and improving the lean meat percentage of fattening pigs.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: corn: 40-55 parts of steam fish meal, 8-16 parts of soybean meal, 1-5 parts of flour, 1-3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5-1 part of stone powder, 0.8-1.2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3-0.5 part of sodium chloride, 0.5-2 parts of compound amino acid, 0.01-0.04 part of amino acid zinc, 0.01-0.04 part of plant extract feed additive, 0.01 part of complex enzyme, 0.01 part of probiotics, 0.03-0.04 part of compound vitamin and 0.1 part of compound trace element.
Further, the complex enzyme comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of xylanase, 2 parts of protease and 2 parts of alpha-amylase.
Further, the trace elements comprise the following components in grams per kilogram of the trace elements: 450g/kg of iron, 125g/kg of copper, 110g/kg of zinc, 120g/kg of manganese, 8g/kg of iodine, 5g/kg of selenium and 750g/kg of calcium.
Further, the compound vitamin comprises the following components by weight per kilogram of the compound vitamin: vitamin A: 30000KIU/kg, vitamin D3: 10000KIU/kg, vitamin E: 45g/kg, vitamin K3: 5g/kg, vitamin B1: 3g/kg, vitamin B2：14.5g/kg，B6: 3125mg/kg, vitamin B12: 4g/kg, nicotinamide: 75g/kg, calcium pantothenate: 32.5g/kg, folic acid: 62.5g/kg, biotin: 2.5 g/kg.
Further, the compound amino acid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: l-lysine hydrochloride 82%, DL-methionine 10%, L-threonine 7%, L-tryptophan 1%.
Furthermore, the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets has the nutritional indexes of 2320 kilocalorie/kg of pig net energy and 16.0 percent of crude protein.
Further, the amino acid index of the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets is designed according to an ideal amino acid proportion (taking lysine as 100 percent), wherein the ideal amino acid proportion is as follows: sulfur-containing amino acids: threonine: tryptophan isoleucine: valine 100:65:70:19:60: 69. Lysine, sulfur-containing amino acid, threonine and tryptophan are provided by raw materials and compound amino acid, and isoleucine and valine are provided by raw materials.
Further, the amino acid zinc is an amino acid complex with a zinc content of 12% by mass; the plant extract feed additive comprises active substances extracted from origanum; the active substances comprise carvacrol and thymol; the content of the bacillus subtilis in the probiotics is 2 multiplied by 109CFU/kg。
The amino acid zinc is preferably zinc aminovalet provided by Jinbao (China) Co.Ltd; the plant extract feed additive preferably uses the high goodness (trade name) provided by mazeitake bioengineering, guangzhou; the probiotic bacteria are preferably prepared from Beijing Huachen technology, Inc.
Furthermore, the feed is granular, the hardness of the granules is 25N, the length of the granules is 5mm, and the diameter of the granules is 3.5 mm.
In the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets, an ideal amino acid proportion is finally formed through the combination of raw material components and the design of separately added compound amino acids and components thereof, wherein the ideal amino acid proportion (taking lysine as 100 percent) is as follows: sulfur-containing amino acids: threonine: tryptophan isoleucine: valine 100:65:70:19:60: 69. Wherein lysine, sulfur-containing amino acid, threonine and tryptophan are provided by other components in the raw materials and the compound amino acid in a combined manner, and isoleucine and valine are provided by other components in the raw materials.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets, which comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the formula, the corn and the soybean meal are crushed by a crusher, the aperture of a sieve sheet of the crusher is 1.5mm, and then the materials are mixed with other raw materials;
and S2, mixing the mixed materials after mixing for 120 seconds through a double-shaft paddle type mixer, granulating, cooling to room temperature after granulating, and sieving the granules through a grading sieve with the upper sieve being 10mm and the lower sieve being 3.5mm to obtain the feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets.
Further, the granulation in the step S2 is carried out by using steam at 65-70 ℃, the tempering time is 60 seconds, and the aspect ratio of the circular mold is 10: 1.
The invention also provides application of the feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets in improving the lean meat percentage performance of the piglets.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the feed uses plant extract feed additive, which can effectively and uniformly kill pathogenic Escherichia coli, salmonella, Pasteurella, etc. Through good antibacterial and bactericidal properties, the intestinal health of animals can be effectively guaranteed and diarrhea can be prevented. Some natural components of plant extracts have immunostimulating and enhancing effects on animals. The addition of plant extracts (good vigor) to the diet increased the levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) by 26% and T lymphocytes by 10%. The plant extract is added into pigs with weight of 25-60 kg, so that the feed intake and daily gain of the pigs are improved, the feed reward is improved, and the lean meat percentage level of the pigs is improved.
2) The formula is designed according to an ideal amino acid proportion, and the content of lysine is as follows: sulfur-containing amino acids: threonine: tryptophan isoleucine: valine (100: 65:70:19:60: 69), reasonable energy protein level, and ensures that the lean meat percentage of 60 kg body weight of piglets reaches 55%.
3) The proper selenium addition is designed: under the condition of oxidative stress, the metabolism and the required amount of selenium of piglets change, and the addition amount of selenium of 0.3mg/kg cannot meet the requirement of antibody oxidation; the mechanism of selenium against oxidative stress may be associated with affecting the secretion of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), regulating the production of cytokines interleukin-1B and interleukin-6, and NF-kB activity. The selenium source and the selenium level have regulating effect on the growth performance and the immune function of the piglets, so that the selenium source and the selenium level which can obtain the best immune protection effect for the piglets are determined.
4) Amino acid zinc substituted inorganic zinc: NRC (1998) recommends that the zinc requirement of piglets is enough to meet the requirements of piglet growth and suitable immunity under normal conditions, but in the aspect of improving the lean meat percentage of piglets, organic zinc is added into the feed instead of inorganic zinc, so that the production performance of the piglets can be improved to a certain extent, and the lean meat percentage level of the piglets is improved.
5) The probiotics not only promote the health of organisms and improve the digestibility of the feed by improving the micro-ecological balance of intestinal tracts, but also can reduce the content of harmful substances such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide, organic phosphorus and the like in the culture environment and excrement, reduce the pollution of animal husbandry to the environment, protect the ecological environment and have obvious economic benefit and social benefit. The diarrhea of the piglets is comprehensively solved by adding probiotics and the like, the daily gain is improved by 6.87%, the average daily feed intake is improved by 5.89%, and the diarrhea rate is reduced by 8.65%.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art.
Example 1
A compound feed for improving lean meat percentage of piglets is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
corn: 53 parts, 2 parts of steam fish meal, 15 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of flour, 2 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of stone powder, 1.0 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4 part of sodium chloride, 0.5 part of compound amino acid, 0.02 part of amino acid zinc, 0.02 part of plant extract feed additive, 0.01 part of compound enzyme, 0.01 part of probiotics, 0.03 part of compound vitamin and 0.1 part of compound trace element. Wherein the complex enzyme comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of xylanase, 2 parts of protease and 2 parts of alpha-amylase;
the feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets has the nutritional index of 2320 kcal/kg for pigs and 16.0 percent of crude protein.
The amino acid index of the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets is designed according to an ideal amino acid proportion (lysine is 100 percent), wherein the ideal amino acid proportion is as follows: sulfur-containing amino acids: threonine: tryptophan isoleucine: valine 100:65:70:19:60: 69.
The amino acid zinc is an amino acid complex with 12 percent of zinc content.
The plant extract feed additive is prepared from active substances such as carvacrol and thymol extracted from origanum.
The probiotic is bacillus subtilis with the content of 2 multiplied by 109CFU/kg。
The compound vitamin comprises the following raw materials and the dosage based on the compound vitamin: vitamin A30000 KIU/kg, vitamin D310000 KIU/kg, vitamin E45 g/kg, vitamin K35 g/kg, vitamin B13 g/kg, vitamin B214.5 g/kg, B63125 mg/kg, vitamin B124 g/kg, nicotinamide 75g/kg, calcium pantothenate 32.5g/kg, folic acid 62.5g/kg and biotin 2.5 g/kg; the trace elements comprise the following raw materials in terms of dosage based on the trace elements: 450g/kg of iron, 125g/kg of copper, 110g/kg of zinc, 120g/kg of manganese, 8g/kg of iodine, 5g/kg of selenium and 750g/kg of calcium.
The compound amino acid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 82 parts of L-lysine hydrochloride, 10 parts of DL-methionine, 7 parts of L-threonine and 1 part of L-tryptophan.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
according to the formula, corn and soybean meal are crushed by a crusher, the aperture of a sieve sheet of the crusher is 1.5mm, then the corn and soybean meal are mixed with other raw materials, the mixture is granulated after being mixed for 120 seconds by a double-shaft paddle type mixer, the steam temperature is 65-70 ℃, the tempering time is 60 seconds, the length-diameter ratio of a circular mold is 10:1, the granulated mixture is cooled to the room temperature, and the granules are sieved by a grading sieve, 10mm of an upper sieve and 3.5mm of a lower sieve and then packaged. The hardness of the granules is 25N, the length of the granules is 5mm, and the diameter of the granules is 3.5 mm.
Example 2
A compound feed for improving lean meat percentage of piglets is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
corn: 53.5 parts, 3 parts of steam fish meal, 13 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of flour, 2 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of stone powder, 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4 part of sodium chloride, 1 part of compound amino acid, 0.03 part of amino acid zinc, 0.03 part of plant extract feed additive, 0.01 part of compound enzyme, 0.01 part of probiotics, 0.03 part of compound vitamin and 0.1 part of compound trace element.
The complex enzyme comprises the following components: xylanase 1, protease 2, a-amylase 2;
the feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets has the nutritional index of 2320 kcal/kg for pigs and 16.0 percent of crude protein.
The amino acid index of the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets is designed according to an ideal amino acid proportion (lysine is 100 percent), wherein the ideal amino acid proportion is as follows: sulfur-containing amino acids: threonine: tryptophan isoleucine: valine 100:65:70:19:60: 69.
The amino acid zinc is an amino acid complex with 12 percent of zinc content.
The plant extract feed additive is prepared from active substances such as carvacrol and thymol extracted from origanum.
The probiotic is bacillus subtilis with the content of 2 multiplied by 109CFU/kg。
The compound vitamin is prepared from the following raw materials: vitamin A30000 KIU/kg, vitamin D310000 KIU/kg, vitamin E45 g/kg, vitamin K35 g/kg, vitamin B13 g/kg, vitamin B214.5 g/kg, B63125 mg/kg, vitamin B124 g/kg, nicotinamide 75g/kg, calcium pantothenate 32.5g/kg, folic acid 62.5g/kg and biotin 2.5 g/kg.
The trace elements consist of the following raw materials: 450g/kg of iron, 125g/kg of copper, 110g/kg of zinc, 120g/kg of manganese, 8g/kg of iodine, 5g/kg of selenium and 750g/kg of calcium.
The compound amino acid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 82 parts of L-lysine hydrochloride, 10 parts of DL-methionine, 7 parts of L-threonine and 1 part of L-tryptophan.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets, which comprises the following steps:
according to the formula, corn and soybean meal are crushed by a crusher, the aperture of a sieve sheet of the crusher is 1.5mm, then the corn and soybean meal are mixed with other raw materials, the mixture is granulated after being mixed for 120 seconds by a double-shaft paddle type mixer, the steam temperature is 65-70 ℃, the tempering time is 60 seconds, the length-diameter ratio of a circular mold is 10:1, the granulated mixture is cooled to the room temperature, and the granules are sieved by a grading sieve, 10mm of an upper sieve and 3.5mm of a lower sieve and then packaged. The hardness of the granules is 25N, the length of the granules is 5mm, and the diameter of the granules is 3.5 mm.
Example 3
A compound feed for improving lean meat percentage of piglets is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
corn: 56 parts, 2.5 parts of steam fish meal, 14 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of flour, 2 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of stone powder, 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4 part of sodium chloride, 2 parts of compound amino acid, 0.033 part of amino acid zinc, 0.03 part of plant extract feed additive, 0.01 part of compound enzyme, 0.01 part of probiotics, 0.03 part of compound vitamin and 0.1 part of compound trace element.
The complex enzyme comprises the following components: xylanase 1, protease 2, a-amylase 2;
the feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets has the nutritional index of 2320 kcal/kg for pigs and 16.0 percent of crude protein.
The amino acid index of the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets is designed according to an ideal amino acid proportion (lysine is 100 percent), wherein the ideal amino acid proportion is as follows: sulfur-containing amino acids: threonine: tryptophan isoleucine: valine 100:65:70:19:60: 69.
The amino acid zinc is an amino acid complex with 12 percent of zinc content.
The plant extract feed additive is prepared from active substances such as carvacrol and thymol extracted from origanum.
The probiotic is bacillus subtilis with the content of 2 multiplied by 109CFU/kg。
The compound vitamin is prepared from the following raw materials: vitamin A30000 KIU/kg, vitamin D310000 KIU/kg, vitamin E45 g/kg, vitamin K35 g/kg, vitamin B13 g/kg, vitamin B214.5 g/kg, B63125 mg/kg, vitamin B124 g/kg, nicotinamide 75g/kg, calcium pantothenate 32.5g/kg, folic acid 62.5g/kg and biotin 2.5 g/kg.
The trace elements consist of the following raw materials: 450g/kg of iron, 125g/kg of copper, 110g/kg of zinc, 120g/kg of manganese, 8g/kg of iodine, 5g/kg of selenium and 750g/kg of calcium.
The compound amino acid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 82 parts of L-lysine hydrochloride, 10 parts of DL-methionine, 7 parts of L-threonine and 1 part of L-tryptophan.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets, which comprises the following steps:
according to the formula, corn and soybean meal are crushed by a crusher, the aperture of a sieve sheet of the crusher is 1.5mm, then the corn and soybean meal are mixed with other raw materials, the mixture is granulated after being mixed for 120 seconds by a double-shaft paddle type mixer, the steam temperature is 65-70 ℃, the tempering time is 60 seconds, the length-diameter ratio of a circular mold is 10:1, the granulated mixture is cooled to the room temperature, and the granules are sieved by a grading sieve, 10mm of an upper sieve and 3.5mm of a lower sieve and then packaged. The hardness of the granules is 25N, the length of the granules is 5mm, and the diameter of the granules is 3.5 mm.
Example 4
A compound feed for improving lean meat percentage of piglets is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
corn: 57 parts, 2 parts of steam fish meal, 13 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of flour, 2 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of stone powder, 1.06 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4 part of sodium chloride, 1 part of compound amino acid, 0.02 part of amino acid zinc, 0.04 part of plant extract feed additive, 0.01 part of compound enzyme, 0.01 part of probiotics, 0.03 part of compound vitamin and 0.1 part of compound trace element.
The complex enzyme comprises the following components: xylanase 1, protease 2, a-amylase 2;
the feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets has the nutritional index of 2320 kcal/kg for pigs and 16.0 percent of crude protein.
The amino acid index of the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets is designed according to an ideal amino acid proportion (lysine is 100 percent), wherein the ideal amino acid proportion is as follows: sulfur-containing amino acids: threonine: tryptophan isoleucine: valine 100:65:70:19:60: 69.
The amino acid zinc is an amino acid complex with 12 percent of zinc content.
The plant extract feed additive is prepared from active substances such as carvacrol and thymol extracted from origanum.
The probiotic is bacillus subtilis with the content of 2 multiplied by 109CFU/kg。
The compound vitamin is prepared from the following raw materials: vitamin A30000 KIU/kg, vitamin D310000 KIU/kg, vitamin E45 g/kg, vitamin K35 g/kg, vitamin B13 g/kg, vitamin B214.5 g/kg, B63125 mg/kg, vitamin B124 g/kg, nicotinamide 75g/kg, calcium pantothenate 32.5g/kg, folic acid 62.5g/kg and biotin 2.5 g/kg.
The trace elements consist of the following raw materials: 450g/kg of iron, 125g/kg of copper, 110g/kg of zinc, 120g/kg of manganese, 8g/kg of iodine, 5g/kg of selenium and 750g/kg of calcium.
The compound amino acid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 82 parts of L-lysine hydrochloride, 10 parts of DL-methionine, 7 parts of L-threonine and 1 part of L-tryptophan.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets, which comprises the following steps:
according to the formula, corn and soybean meal are crushed by a crusher, the aperture of a sieve sheet of the crusher is 1.5mm, then the corn and soybean meal are mixed with other raw materials, the mixture is granulated after being mixed for 120 seconds by a double-shaft paddle type mixer, the steam temperature is 65-70 ℃, the tempering time is 60 seconds, the length-diameter ratio of a circular mold is 10:1, the granulated mixture is cooled to the room temperature, and the granules are sieved by a grading sieve, 10mm of an upper sieve and 3.5mm of a lower sieve and then packaged. The hardness of the granules is 25N, the length of the granules is 5mm, and the diameter of the granules is 3.5 mm.
Example 5
A compound feed for improving lean meat percentage of piglets is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
corn: 48 parts, 2.5 parts of steam fish meal, 16 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of flour, 2 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of stone powder, 1.06 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4 part of sodium chloride, 2 parts of compound amino acid, 0.025 part of amino acid zinc, 0.035 part of plant extract feed additive, 0.01 part of complex enzyme, 0.01 part of probiotics, 0.03 part of compound vitamin and 0.1 part of compound trace element.
The complex enzyme comprises the following components: xylanase 1, protease 2, a-amylase 2;
the feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets has the nutritional index of 2320 kcal/kg for pigs and 16.0 percent of crude protein.
The amino acid index of the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets is designed according to an ideal amino acid proportion (lysine is 100 percent), wherein the ideal amino acid proportion is as follows: sulfur-containing amino acids: threonine: tryptophan isoleucine: valine 100:65:70:19:60: 69.
The amino acid zinc is an amino acid complex with 12 percent of zinc content.
The plant extract feed additive is prepared from active substances such as carvacrol and thymol extracted from origanum.
The probiotic is bacillus subtilis with the content of 2 multiplied by 109CFU/kg。
The compound vitamin is prepared from the following raw materials: vitamin A30000 KIU/kg, vitamin D310000 KIU/kg, vitamin E45 g/kg, vitamin K35 g/kg, vitamin B13 g/kg, vitamin B214.5 g/kg, B63125 mg/kg, vitamin B124 g/kg, nicotinamide 75g/kg, calcium pantothenate 32.5g/kg, folic acid 62.5g/kg and biotin 2.5 g/kg.
The trace elements consist of the following raw materials: 450g/kg of iron, 125g/kg of copper, 110g/kg of zinc, 120g/kg of manganese, 8g/kg of iodine, 5g/kg of selenium and 750g/kg of calcium.
The compound amino acid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 82 parts of L-lysine hydrochloride, 10 parts of DL-methionine, 7 parts of L-threonine and 1 part of L-tryptophan.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets, which comprises the following steps:
according to the formula, corn and soybean meal are crushed by a crusher, the aperture of a sieve sheet of the crusher is 1.5mm, then the corn and soybean meal are mixed with other raw materials, the mixture is granulated after being mixed for 120 seconds by a double-shaft paddle type mixer, the steam temperature is 65-70 ℃, the tempering time is 60 seconds, the length-diameter ratio of a circular mold is 10:1, the granulated mixture is cooled to the room temperature, and the granules are sieved by a grading sieve, are sieved by an upper sieve for 10mm and sieved by a lower sieve for 3.5mm, and then are packaged. The hardness of the granules is 25N, the length of the granules is 5mm, and the diameter of the granules is 3.5 mm.
The control group piglet compound feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
corn: 48 parts, 2.5 parts of steam fish meal, 16 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of flour, 2 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of stone powder, 1.06 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4 part of sodium chloride, 0.5 part of L-lysine sulfate, 0.03 part of DL-methionine, 0.025 part of L-threonine, 0.025 part of L-tryptophan, 0.01 part of complex enzyme, 0.03 part of complex vitamin and 0.1 part of complex trace element.
The complex enzyme comprises the following components: xylanase 1, protease 2, a-amylase 2;
the piglet compound feed has the nutritional index of 2300 kcal/kg of pig net energy and 16.0% of crude protein content.
The amino acid indexes of the piglet compound feed are designed according to an ideal amino acid proportion (lysine is 100 percent) as follows: sulfur-containing amino acids: threonine: tryptophan isoleucine: valine 100:60:67:17:58: 68.
The compound vitamin is prepared from the following raw materials: vitamin A30000 KIU/kg, vitamin D310000 KIU/kg, vitamin E45 g/kg, vitamin K35 g/kg, vitamin B13 g/kg, vitamin B214.5 g/kg, B63125 mg/kg, vitamin B124 g/kg, nicotinamide 75g/kg, calcium pantothenate 32.5g/kg, folic acid 62.5g/kg and biotin 2.5 g/kg.
The trace elements consist of the following raw materials: 450g/kg of iron, 125g/kg of copper, 110g/kg of zinc, 120g/kg of manganese, 8g/kg of iodine, 5g/kg of selenium and 750g/kg of calcium.
The compound amino acid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 82 parts of L-lysine hydrochloride, 10 parts of DL-methionine, 7 parts of L-threonine and 1 part of L-tryptophan.
The preparation method of the control group piglet compound feed comprises the following steps:
according to the formula, corn and soybean meal are crushed by a crusher, the aperture of a sieve sheet of the crusher is 1.5mm, then the corn and soybean meal are mixed with other raw materials, the mixture is granulated after being mixed for 120 seconds by a double-shaft paddle type mixer, the steam temperature is 65-70 ℃, the tempering time is 60 seconds, the length-diameter ratio of a circular mold is 10:1, the granulated mixture is cooled to the room temperature, and the granules are sieved by a grading sieve, are sieved by an upper sieve for 10mm and sieved by a lower sieve for 3.5mm, and then are packaged. The hardness of the granules is 25N, the length of the granules is 5mm, and the diameter of the granules is 3.5 mm.
Test example: the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets prepared in the examples 1 to 5 is compared with the compound feed for the piglets of the control group for verification:
1. test materials and methods
1.1 test time and place: the method is carried out in a piggery of Lingyuan pig farm in Liaoning province from 10 months 10 to 2020 and 22 months 11.
1.2 test daily ration
The test design controls and test groups total 6 groups, one of which was repeated 4 times, and 5 of the examples. The example group ration is a product of the present invention.
2 results and analysis
Test results for improving lean meat percentage of piglets
| Control group | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | |
| Number of pig heads | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
| Number of repeat groups | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Initial body weight (kg) | 25.2 | 25.3 | 25.2 | 25.2 | 25.1 | 25.3 |
| Food intake (g) | 2120 | 2230 | 2250 | 2210 | 2250 | 2240 |
| Daily gain (g) | 797 | 870 | 882 | 893 | 895 | 888 |
| Feed reward | 2.65 | 2.56 | 2.55 | 2.47 | 2.51 | 2.52 |
| Lean meat percentage (%) | 52.13 | 55.23 | 56.21 | 56.22 | 57.35 | 56.88 |
The results show that: the daily feed intake of the group of the examples is improved by 5.47 percent on average compared with that of the control group, the daily gain is improved by 11.1 percent on average, and the lean meat percentage is improved by 5.84 percent on average.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (11)
1. The compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: corn: 40-55 parts of steam fish meal, 8-16 parts of soybean meal, 1-5 parts of flour, 1-3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5-1 part of stone powder, 0.8-1.2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3-0.5 part of sodium chloride, 0.5-2 parts of compound amino acid, 0.01-0.04 part of amino acid zinc, 0.01-0.04 part of plant extract feed additive, 0.01 part of complex enzyme, 0.01 part of probiotics, 0.03-0.04 part of compound vitamin and 0.1 part of compound trace element.
2. The feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets according to claim 1, wherein the complex enzyme comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of xylanase, 2 parts of protease and 2 parts of alpha-amylase.
3. The feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets according to the claim 1, wherein the trace elements comprise the following components in grams per kilogram: 450g/kg of iron, 125g/kg of copper, 110g/kg of zinc, 120g/kg of manganese, 8g/kg of iodine, 5g/kg of selenium and 750g/kg of calcium.
4. The compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets according to claim 1, is characterized in that the compound vitamins comprise the following components in percentage by weight per kilogram of the compound vitamins: vitamin A: 30000KIU/kg, vitamin D3: 10000KIU/kg, vitamin E: 45g/kg, vitamin K3: 5g/kg, vitamin B1: 3g/kg, vitamin B2：14.5g/kg，B6: 3125mg/kg, vitamin B12: 4g/kg, nicotinamide: 75g/kg, calcium pantothenate: 32.5g/kg, folic acid: 62.5g/kg, biotin: 2.5 g/kg.
5. The compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets according to claim 1, is characterized in that the compound amino acid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: l-lysine hydrochloride 82%, DL-methionine 10%, L-threonine 7%, L-tryptophan 1%.
6. The compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets according to the claim 1, has the nutritional index of 2320 kcal/kg for pigs and 16.0 percent of crude protein.
7. The compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets according to claim 1,
the amino acid zinc is an amino acid complex with 12 mass percent of zinc content;
the plant extract feed additive comprises active substances extracted from origanum; the active substances comprise carvacrol and thymol;
the content of the bacillus subtilis in the probiotics is 2 multiplied by 109CFU/kg。
8. The compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets according to the claim 1, is characterized in that the feed is granular, the hardness of the granules is 25N, the length of the granules is 5mm, and the diameter of the granules is 3.5 mm.
9. The preparation method of the compound feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, according to the formula, the corn and the soybean meal are crushed by a crusher, the aperture of a sieve sheet of the crusher is 1.5mm, and then the materials are mixed with other raw materials;
and S2, mixing the mixed materials after mixing for 120 seconds through a double-shaft paddle type mixer, granulating, cooling to room temperature after granulating, and sieving the granules through a grading sieve with the upper sieve being 10mm and the lower sieve being 3.5mm to obtain the feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets.
10. The method for preparing the feed for improving the lean meat percentage of the piglets according to the claim 9, wherein the granulation in the step S2 is carried out by modulating the temperature of steam at 65-70 ℃, the conditioning time is 60 seconds, and the length-diameter ratio of a circular mold is 10: 1.
11. Use of the feed for improving the lean meat percentage of piglets according to any one of claims 1-8 for improving the lean meat percentage performance of piglets.
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