CN113396759A - Spodoptera frugiperda biological control method - Google Patents
Spodoptera frugiperda biological control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113396759A CN113396759A CN202110651484.6A CN202110651484A CN113396759A CN 113396759 A CN113396759 A CN 113396759A CN 202110651484 A CN202110651484 A CN 202110651484A CN 113396759 A CN113396759 A CN 113396759A
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- 241000256251 Spodoptera frugiperda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241000256618 Trichogramma Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000589902 Leptospira Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000758794 Asarum Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000195620 Euglena Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001147398 Ostrinia nubilalis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003048 aphrodisiac agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002509 aphrodisiac effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000589519 Comamonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000256248 Spodoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a spodoptera frugiperda biological control method, which comprises the following steps: prediction and forecast of Spodoptera frugiperda: investigating the quantity of Spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface of crops and the soil surface, and investigating the quantity of Spodoptera frugiperda in the soil of the crops; selecting the borer trichogramma: selecting a first-level bee card with the bee production rate of more than 85 percent, and placing the first-level bee card in a bee placer for later use; releasing bees for the first time: according to the sampling points selected in the first step, releasing bees for the first time in the initial stage of spawning of Spodoptera frugiperda; releasing bees for the second time: and after 3-5 d of bee space is put for the first time, bee is put for the second time. The biological control method for Spodoptera frugiperda is simple, the Spodoptera frugiperda parasitizes by the Leptospira frugiperda, the parasitism rate is high, and a large amount of parasitic natural enemies are artificially produced, so that the population quantity of the Spodoptera frugiperda can be controlled, the harm to crops is reduced, the use amount of chemical pesticides can be reduced, and the yield and the quality of agricultural products are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological control, in particular to a spodoptera frugiperda biological control method.
Background
At present, Spodoptera frugiperda, commonly known as a comamonas, originates from tropical and subtropical regions in America, has the characteristics of strong migratory flight capability, wide host range, serious pest damage and high prevention and control difficulty, and is an important agricultural pest for global early warning of Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) in United nations. 13 days 1 month in 2019, the insect is introduced into Yunnan province in China, and after 4 months, the insect is rapidly diffused in corn regions in south China; and 5, 9 days, the department of agricultural rural plantation management will have the same tendency as the national agricultural technology popularization service center, so that the harm and the occurrence situation of spodoptera frugiperda are notified, and the monitoring, prevention and control work of the spodoptera frugiperda is promoted to be done all over the country. Until now, Spodoptera frugiperda has invaded 1540 counties in 26 provinces of China, the corn emergence area reaches 1672 ten thousand acres, the subsequent re-emergence situation is obvious, the emergence area is wider, the damage degree is more serious, and more harmful crops are produced.
At present, chemical pesticides are mainly applied to a method for preventing and treating spodoptera frugiperda, but because the existing field pest investigation needs manual investigation, the investigation is easy and unprepared, the reasonable use of the chemical pesticides is influenced, and the long-term large-scale unreasonable use of the chemical pesticides can cause the problems of pesticide residue, food safety, soil environment pollution, drug resistance and damage to natural enemies, the method for biologically preventing and treating spodoptera frugiperda and the preparation method are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a spodoptera frugiperda biological control method and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a spodoptera frugiperda biological control method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, prediction and forecast of spodoptera frugiperda: investigating the quantity of Spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface of crops and the soil surface, and investigating the quantity of Spodoptera frugiperda in the soil of the crops;
step two, selecting the borer trichogramma: selecting a first-level bee card with the bee production rate of more than 85 percent, and placing the first-level bee card in a bee placer for later use;
step three, releasing bees for the first time: according to the sampling points selected in the first step, releasing bees for the first time in the initial stage of spawning of Spodoptera frugiperda;
step four, releasing bees for the second time: and after 3-5 d of bee space is put for the first time, bee is put for the second time.
Preferably, in the first step, the number of spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface of the crop and the soil surface is investigated by specifically using a five-point sampling method to investigate the population base number of the spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface of the crop, namely, firstly determining the middle point of a diagonal line as a central sampling point, then selecting four points with equal distance to the central sampling point on the diagonal line as sampling points, selecting 5 crops at each point, pulling out leaves of the crops, and investigating the number of spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface in each age period.
Preferably, in the first step, the investigation of the quantity of spodoptera frugiperda in the soil of the crops is specifically to dig up the soil within an area of 1-20 cm of the rhizosphere of the crops and a depth of 1-10 cm from the ground surface, and investigate the quantity of mature larvae, prepupa and pupa of the spodoptera frugiperda in the soil.
Preferably, in the third step and the fourth step, the specific bee releasing time of the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is determined according to the local climate and the emergence progress of spodoptera frugiperda, so that the egg laying period of the spodoptera frugiperda coincides with the emergence period of the aphrodisiac.
Preferably, in the third step and the fourth step, the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing are both performed in rainy and windless weather at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ and under the humidity of 70-85%.
Preferably, in the third step and the fourth step, the trichogramma piniperus is uniformly placed in the field, and the distance between the eggs is not less than 20 m.
Preferably, in the third step and the fourth step, the tossed ovums with the trichogramma eggs are placed at the leaf sheaths of the leaves of the crops close to the heart leaves by the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing, and the ovums are placed at the lower parts of the leaves.
Preferably, in the third step and the fourth step, the bee releasing amount of the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is every 667m22-3 ten thousand bees at a time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the invention, the ostrinia nubilalis is released in the field at the initial stage of spawning of spodoptera frugiperda, so that the ostrinia nubilalis can parasitize the spodoptera frugiperda, the parasitization rate is higher, and the effective control of the spodoptera nubilalis is realized;
2. in the invention, a large number of parasitic natural enemies are artificially produced by the trichogramma borer parasitic spodoptera frugiperda, so that the population quantity of the spodoptera frugiperda can be controlled, the harm to crops is reduced, the use amount of chemical pesticides can be reduced, and the yield and the quality of agricultural products are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a Spodoptera frugiperda biological control method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example one
As shown in FIG. 1, a Spodoptera frugiperda biological control method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, prediction and forecast of spodoptera frugiperda: investigating the quantity of Spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface of crops and the soil surface, and investigating the quantity of Spodoptera frugiperda in the soil of the crops; the method specifically comprises the steps of surveying the population base number of spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface of crops and the soil surface by adopting a five-point sampling method, namely determining the middle point of a diagonal as a central sampling point, selecting four points with equal distance with the central sampling point on the diagonal as sampling points, selecting 5 crops at each point, pulling out leaves of the crops, and surveying the number of spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface in each age period; the method comprises the following steps of surveying the quantity of spodoptera frugiperda in crop soil, specifically excavating soil within 20cm of the rhizosphere of crops and 10cm of the depth from the ground surface, and surveying the quantity of mature larvae, prepupa and pupae of the spodoptera frugiperda in the soil;
step two, selecting the borer trichogramma: selecting a first-level bee card with the bee production rate of more than 85 percent, and placing the first-level bee card in a bee placer for later use;
step three, releasing bees for the first time: according to the sampling points selected in the first step, releasing bees for the first time in the initial stage of spawning of Spodoptera frugiperda;
step four, releasing bees for the second time: and after the bee is put for the first time for 5d, the bee is put for the second time.
The specific bee releasing time of the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is determined according to the local climate and the emergence progress of spodoptera frugiperda, so that the egg laying period of the spodoptera frugiperda coincides with the emergence period of the yellow-eared euglena borer, and the interval period between the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is shorter than the development period of the spodoptera frugiperda.
The first bee releasing and the second bee releasing are both carried out in the rainy and windless weather at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 85 percent.
The egg throwing ball with the trichogramma egg is placed at the leaf sheath of the leaf blade close to the heart leaf of the crop during the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing, and the egg ball is placed at the lower part of the leaf blade.
The bee holding amount of the first bee holding and the second bee holding is every 667m23 ten thousand bees at a time.
Example two
As shown in FIG. 1, a Spodoptera frugiperda biological control method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, prediction and forecast of spodoptera frugiperda: investigating the quantity of Spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface of crops and the soil surface, and investigating the quantity of Spodoptera frugiperda in the soil of the crops; the method specifically comprises the steps of surveying the population base number of spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface of crops and the soil surface by adopting a five-point sampling method, namely determining the middle point of a diagonal as a central sampling point, selecting four points with equal distance with the central sampling point on the diagonal as sampling points, selecting 5 crops at each point, pulling out leaves of the crops, and surveying the number of spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface in each age period; the method comprises the following steps of surveying the quantity of spodoptera frugiperda in crop soil, specifically excavating soil within 1cm of the rhizosphere of crops and 1cm of the depth from the ground surface, and surveying the quantity of mature larvae, prepupa and pupae of the spodoptera frugiperda in the soil;
step two, selecting the borer trichogramma: selecting a first-level bee card with the bee production rate of more than 85 percent, and placing the first-level bee card in a bee placer for later use;
step three, releasing bees for the first time: according to the sampling points selected in the first step, releasing bees for the first time in the initial stage of spawning of Spodoptera frugiperda;
step four, releasing bees for the second time: and after 3d of the first bee releasing interval, carrying out second bee releasing.
The specific bee releasing time of the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is determined according to the local climate and the emergence progress of spodoptera frugiperda, so that the egg laying period of the spodoptera frugiperda coincides with the emergence period of the yellow-eared euglena borer, and the interval period between the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is shorter than the development period of the spodoptera frugiperda.
The first bee releasing and the second bee releasing are both carried out in the rainy and windless weather and in the environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of 70 percent.
The egg throwing ball with the trichogramma egg is placed at the leaf sheath of the leaf blade close to the heart leaf of the crop during the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing, and the egg ball is placed at the lower part of the leaf blade.
The bee holding amount of the first bee holding and the second bee holding is every 667m22 ten thousand bees at a time.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in FIG. 1, a Spodoptera frugiperda biological control method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, prediction and forecast of spodoptera frugiperda: investigating the quantity of Spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface of crops and the soil surface, and investigating the quantity of Spodoptera frugiperda in the soil of the crops; the method specifically comprises the steps of surveying the population base number of spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface of crops and the soil surface by adopting a five-point sampling method, namely determining the middle point of a diagonal as a central sampling point, selecting four points with equal distance with the central sampling point on the diagonal as sampling points, selecting 5 crops at each point, pulling out leaves of the crops, and surveying the number of spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface in each age period; the method comprises the following steps of surveying the quantity of spodoptera frugiperda in crop soil, specifically excavating soil within 10cm of the rhizosphere of crops and 5cm of the depth from the ground surface, and surveying the quantity of mature larvae, prepupa and pupae of the spodoptera frugiperda in the soil;
step two, selecting the borer trichogramma: selecting a first-level bee card with the bee production rate of more than 85 percent, and placing the first-level bee card in a bee placer for later use;
step three, releasing bees for the first time: according to the sampling points selected in the first step, releasing bees for the first time in the initial stage of spawning of Spodoptera frugiperda;
step four, releasing bees for the second time: and after the bee releasing interval of 4d for the first time, bee releasing is carried out for the second time.
The specific bee releasing time of the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is determined according to the local climate and the emergence progress of spodoptera frugiperda, so that the egg laying period of the spodoptera frugiperda coincides with the emergence period of the yellow-eared euglena borer, and the interval period between the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is shorter than the development period of the spodoptera frugiperda.
The first bee releasing and the second bee releasing are both carried out in the rainy and windless weather at the temperature of 23 ℃ and the humidity of 77%.
The egg throwing ball with the trichogramma egg is placed at the leaf sheath of the leaf blade close to the heart leaf of the crop during the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing, and the egg ball is placed at the lower part of the leaf blade.
The bee holding amount of the first bee holding and the second bee holding is every 667m22.5 ten thousand bees at a time.
The three groups of examples release the yellow-eyed moth larvae in the field every 667m at the initial stage of egg laying of Spodoptera frugiperda according to biological control22-3 thousands of bees are released each time, the average corrected parasitic rate of the field egg mass is 68.4% after 2 times of releasing, and the average corrected parasitic rate of the egg granules is 80.7%. The test shows that the aphrodisiac can parasitize Spodoptera frugiperda, and the parasitization rate is high. Compared with a control area, the field pest rate of the bee releasing area is reduced by 38.4%, the average pest rate control effect is 86.1%, the average pest control effect is 79.8%, the quantity of spodoptera frugiperda can be obviously reduced, and the occurrence of spodoptera frugiperda in the test area is effectively controlled.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A spodoptera frugiperda biological control method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, prediction and forecast of spodoptera frugiperda: investigating the quantity of Spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface of crops and the soil surface, and investigating the quantity of Spodoptera frugiperda in the soil of the crops;
step two, selecting the borer trichogramma: selecting a first-level bee card with the bee production rate of more than 85 percent, and placing the first-level bee card in a bee placer for later use;
step three, releasing bees for the first time: according to the sampling points selected in the first step, releasing bees for the first time in the initial stage of spawning of Spodoptera frugiperda;
step four, releasing bees for the second time: and after 3-5 d of bee space is put for the first time, bee is put for the second time.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the spodoptera frugiperda is: in the first step, the number of spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface of the crop and the soil surface is specifically investigated by adopting a five-point sampling method to investigate the population cardinality of the leaf surface of the crop, namely, firstly determining the middle point of a diagonal line as a central sampling point, then selecting four points with equal distance with the central sampling point on the diagonal line as sampling points, selecting 5 crops at each point, poking out the leaves of the crops, and investigating the number of spodoptera frugiperda on the leaf surface in each age period.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the spodoptera frugiperda is: in the first step, the investigation of the quantity of spodoptera frugiperda in the soil of the crops is specifically to dig out the soil within 1-20 cm of the rhizosphere of the crops and 1-10 cm of the depth from the ground surface, and investigate the quantity of mature larvae, prepupa and pupa of the spodoptera frugiperda in the soil.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the spodoptera frugiperda is: in the third step and the fourth step, the specific bee releasing time of the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is determined according to the local climate and the emergence progress of spodoptera frugiperda, so that the egg laying period of the spodoptera frugiperda coincides with the emergence period of the aphelesia punctifera, and the interval period between the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is shorter than the development period of the spodoptera frugiperda.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the spodoptera frugiperda is: in the third step and the fourth step, the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing are performed in the rainy-free and windless weather and in the environment with the temperature of 20-25 ℃ and the humidity of 70-85%.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the spodoptera frugiperda is: in the third step and the fourth step, the trichogramma borer egg balls are uniformly placed in the field, and the distance between the egg balls is not less than 20 m.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the spodoptera frugiperda is: in the third step and the fourth step, the egg throwing balls with the trichogramma eggs are placed at the leaf sheaths of the leaves of the crops close to the heart leaves in the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing, and the egg balls are placed at the lower parts of the leaves.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the spodoptera frugiperda is: in the third step and the fourth step, the bee releasing amount of the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is every 667m22-3 ten thousand bees at a time.
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