CN113387679A - Preparation method of high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic pug - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic pug Download PDFInfo
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- CN113387679A CN113387679A CN202110752662.4A CN202110752662A CN113387679A CN 113387679 A CN113387679 A CN 113387679A CN 202110752662 A CN202110752662 A CN 202110752662A CN 113387679 A CN113387679 A CN 113387679A
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- mud
- pug
- porcelain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic mud, which is characterized in that finished waste porcelain is crushed and then added into recycled mud to realize recycling, the proportion of the added waste porcelain reaches 30-50%, and the exploitation of mineral products can be greatly reduced; in addition, the other part of the porcelain is added in a manner of recovering pugs in the production process of the household porcelains, the proportion range of sintered glaze existing in the recovered pugs after repeated recovery and utilization is 0.8-2.4 times of the content of the glaze contained in the newly added waste porcelains, the proportion accounts for 5-10% of the total proportion, and the sintering degree, the expansion coefficient and the shrinkage of the pugs are controlled in a controllable range of the production of the household porcelains through a fixed sintering range in the range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of porcelain recovery, in particular to a preparation method of high-strength recoverable environment-friendly ceramic mud.
Background
With the improvement of the quality of life and the change of aesthetic viewpoints of people, ceramic products are used more and more, such as ceramic tableware, ceramic tea sets, floor tiles, wall tiles, ornaments and the like, the strength of daily fine porcelain produced under normal conditions is lower, the ceramic products are prepared more and more, more waste ceramics are produced in the production and use processes, particularly in the production process of ceramics, the firing success rate is lower, a large amount of waste ceramics can be produced naturally, the regeneration of the waste ceramics is still difficult at present, the ceramic product factory is difficult to regenerate, so that the produced large amount of waste ceramics are changed into ceramic waste, a large amount of energy is wasted, great pollution is caused to the environment, the utilization rate of a general recovery method is low, and the firing power is lower when the ceramic products are fired again even if the waste ceramics can be recovered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of large waste, low recovery rate, low firing power and the like in the process of producing ceramic products, and provides a technical scheme capable of solving the problems.
A preparation method of high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic pug comprises the following steps:
(1): recovering waste porcelain, cleaning the blank and the redundant part except the glaze, and adding a grinder to grind for 2.5-6 hours to obtain porcelain powder;
(2): collecting the leftover materials of the pug produced on the production line, and mixing to form recovered pug;
(3): adding the medium ceramic powder, the recovered pug, the high-plasticity kaolin, the zirconium silicate and water into a ball mill, carrying out ball milling for 4-8 hours to obtain slurry;
(4): and (3) after the ball milling is finished, determining the fineness of the slurry, wherein the fineness of the slurry is controlled to be more than 250 meshes: 0.08 to 0.5 percent, passing the slurry through a 220-mesh screen after the screen residue test is qualified, then flowing through an iron removal area, and then putting into a slurry storage tank;
(5): pumping the slurry in the slurry storage tank into a mud press, and pressing the slurry to be dry by the mud press to be pressed into a mud cake;
(6): adding the mud cake into a pug mill for carrying out rough refining twice to obtain rough refining mud strips, and packaging the rough refining mud strips by using a plastic film to prevent water loss;
(7): refining the rough refining mud strips for three times under the vacuum degree of-0.96 MPa, and packaging the refined mud strips by using a plastic film to prevent water loss.
The proportion range of the sintered glaze existing in the recycled pug after repeated recycling is 0.8-2.4 times of the content of the glaze contained in the newly added waste porcelain, the proportion accounts for 5-10% of the total proportion, and the sintering degree, the expansion coefficient and the shrinkage of the pug are controlled within the controllable range of the production of the household porcelain through the fixed sintering range in the range.
As one improvement of the technical scheme, the porcelain powder in the step (1) is sieved by a 50-mesh screen.
As one improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (3), the mixture ratio of the components is 30-50% of porcelain powder, 45-65% of recovered pug, 0-5% of high-plasticity kaolin and 2-5% of zirconium silicate.
As one improvement of the technical scheme, the weight ratio of the dry weight of the mud mixed by the porcelain powder, the recovered mud, the high-plasticity kaolin and the zirconium silicate to the water in the step (3) is 1: 0.48-1.6.
As one improvement of the technical scheme, the water content of the mud cake in the step (5) is controlled between 20 percent and 26 percent.
As one improvement of the technical proposal, the vacuum degree of the pug mill in the step (6) is controlled between-0.80 MPa and-1.0 MPa.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the water content of the mud strips in the step (7) is controlled between 20% and 26%.
As an improvement of the above technical means, the reclaimed porcelain in the step (1) is a transparent glazed porcelain.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the finished waste porcelain is crushed and then added into the recovered mud to realize recycling, the proportion of the added waste porcelain reaches 30-50%, and the exploitation of mineral products can be greatly reduced; in addition, the other part is added in a mode of recovering pug in the production process of the household porcelain, and the recovered pug is leftover materials and defective recovered materials in the production process, so that the recovery benefit can be increased, the resource waste is reduced, and the environment is protected.
2. The formability of the recycled pug is poorer than that of a normal pug, multiple times of refining and aging time increase are needed to ensure the forming, the sintering degree of a final product is higher, the performance test requirement of daily fine porcelain can be met, the water absorption rate is changed due to the introduction of glaze, and the recycled pug is not suitable for being used as a porcelain with overhigh water absorption rate, so that the recycled pug is suggested to be used for manufacturing fine porcelain, and the recycled porcelain mainly uses transparent glazed porcelain to ensure stable color.
3. The strength of the normal daily fine porcelain is 80MPa in general, and the strength of the high-strength environment-friendly ceramic prepared by the method reaches 160 MPa.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the preparation method of the high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic mud material comprises the steps of crushing finished waste porcelain, adding the crushed finished waste porcelain into the recycled mud material to realize recycling, wherein the proportion of the added waste porcelain reaches 30-50%, and the mining of mineral products can be greatly reduced; the other part of the waste porcelain is added in a manner of recovering pug in the production process of the household porcelain, the proportion of the recovered pug reaches 45% -65%, the proportion range of sintered glaze existing in the recovered pug after repeated recovery and utilization is 0.8-2.4 times of the content of the glaze contained in the newly added waste porcelain, the proportion accounts for 5-10% of the total proportion, and the sintering degree, the expansion coefficient and the shrinkage of the pug are controlled in a controllable range of the production of the household porcelain through a fixed sintering range in the range.
The reaction mechanism is as follows: the firing temperature is controlled by controlling the amount of the finished porcelain, the glaze is recovered to be used as a flux, and the pug is recovered to provide plasticity.
The formula proportion of the recovered pug is as follows: 8-20% of albite, 8-20% of quartz, 12-35% of Jiepai kaolin, 3-14% of Longyan raw ore, 2-14% of Hengyang washing mud, 8-25% of Banna kaolin, 2-15% of Jiangxi washing mud, 4-14% of Guizhou soil, 3-15% of activated alumina and 2-12% of Changning washing mud.
Chemical component analysis: chemical analysis composition: 61-67% of silicon dioxide, 21-27% of aluminum oxide, 0.2-0.35% of ferric oxide, 0.03-0.08% of titanium oxide, 0.05-0.6% of calcium oxide, 0.05-0.6% of magnesium oxide, 0.8-1.5% of potassium oxide, 1.5-2.5% of sodium oxide and 4-8% of zirconium silicate.
The recovered pug is prepared by collecting the pug leftover materials on the production line and mixing the missing materials according to the actual situation.
The specific recovery steps are as follows:
(1): recovering waste porcelain, cleaning the blank and the redundant part except the glaze, adding a grinder to grind for 2.5-6 hours to obtain porcelain powder, and sieving the porcelain powder by a 50-mesh sieve; the recycled waste porcelain mainly takes transparent glazed porcelain as the main porcelain
(Note: the colored glaze porcelain cannot be mixed in so as not to influence the color of the later products).
(2): collecting the leftover materials of the pug produced on the production line, and mixing to form recovered pug;
(3): adding the medium ceramic powder, the recovered pug, the high-plasticity kaolin, the zirconium silicate and water into a ball mill, carrying out ball milling for 4-8 hours to obtain slurry; specifically, the ceramic powder comprises 30-50% of ceramic powder, 45-65% of recovered pug, 0-5% of high-plasticity kaolin and 2-5% of zirconium silicate, and the weight ratio of the dry weight of the mixture of the ceramic powder, the recovered pug, the high-plasticity kaolin and the zirconium silicate to the weight of water is 1: 0.48-1.6.
(4): and (3) after the ball milling is finished, determining the fineness of the slurry, wherein the fineness of the slurry is controlled to be more than 250 meshes: 0.08 to 0.5 percent, passing the slurry through a 220-mesh screen after the screen residue test is qualified, then flowing through an iron removal area, and then putting into a slurry storage tank;
(5): pumping the slurry in the slurry storage tank into a mud press, pressing the slurry by the mud press to dry and press the slurry into mud cakes, wherein the water content of the mud cakes is controlled to be between 20 and 26 percent.
(6): and adding the mud cakes into a pug mill for carrying out rough pugging twice to obtain rough pug strips, and packaging the rough pug strips by using a plastic film to prevent water loss, wherein the vacuum degree of the pug mill is controlled between-0.80 MPa and-1.0 MPa.
(7): refining the rough refining mud strips for three times under the vacuum degree of-0.96 MPa, packaging the refined mud strips by using a plastic film to prevent water loss, and controlling the water content of the mud strips to be between 20 and 26 percent.
The recycled pug has poorer formability than normal pug, needs to be refined for many times and increases the ageing time to ensure the forming, the sintering degree of a final product is higher, (the firing temperature is 1210-1250 ℃, the firing time is 5-7 hours) can meet the requirement of a daily fine porcelain performance test, the introduction of glaze generates the change of water absorption and is not suitable for being used as a porcelain with overhigh water absorption, so the recycled pug is recommended to be used for manufacturing fine porcelains, and the recycled porcelains mainly use transparent glaze porcelains to ensure stable color.
And (3) data comparison:
the first embodiment is as follows:
30 portions of recycled waste porcelain
65 portions of recovered pug
Zirconium silicate 2 parts
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing and grinding the recovered waste porcelain, and sieving the crushed and ground waste porcelain with a 50-mesh sieve;
2) weighing and preparing materials according to the proportion of the recovered pug;
3) according to the dry weight of the mud: ball milling is carried out with water =1:1.1, the ball milling medium adopts high alumina ball stone, and the proportion is as follows: the method comprises the following steps: small =1:2:1 gradation addition. A500 kg ball mill is adopted, the ball milling rotating speed is 21 r/mins, the ball milling time is 5 hours, and the ball milling loading capacity is 260kg raw materials. Sieving the ball-milled material through a 220-mesh sieve to remove iron to obtain slurry; the fineness of the slurry is controlled to be 250 meshes of residue: 0.10% -0.40%;
4) pressing the mud into mud cakes by a mud press, and then refining the mud cakes into mud strips by a pug mill; the mud strips are subjected to two times of rough refining (the rough refining vacuum degree is minus 0.096 MPa) and three times of refining (the refining vacuum degree is minus 0.096 MPa), and then are cut into usable mud strips (the water content of the mud strips is 22-24%).
5) Preparing a biscuit by molding the mud strip, and glazing on the clean biscuit to be glazed, wherein the glazing thickness is 0.2 mm;
6) and firing the glazed blank into a finished product in an oxidation atmosphere of 1210-1250 ℃, wherein the firing time is 5 hours.
Example two:
40 portions of recycled waste porcelain
Recycled pug 55 parts
2 parts of high-plasticity kaolin
Zirconium silicate 3 parts
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, crushing and grinding the recovered waste porcelain, and sieving the crushed porcelain with a 50-mesh sieve;
2) weighing and preparing materials according to the formula proportion of the recovered pug;
3) according to the dry weight of the mud: ball milling is carried out with water =1:1, the ball milling medium adopts high alumina ball stone, and the proportion is as follows: the method comprises the following steps: small =1:2:1 gradation addition. A500 kg ball mill is adopted, the ball milling rotating speed is 21 r/mins, the ball milling time is 6 hours, and the ball milling loading capacity is 260kg raw materials. Sieving the ball-milled material through a 220-mesh sieve to remove iron to obtain slurry; the fineness of the slurry is controlled to be 250 meshes of residue: 0.10% -0.40%;
4) pressing the mud into mud cakes by a mud press, and then refining the mud cakes into mud strips by a pug mill; the mud strips are subjected to two times of rough refining (the rough refining vacuum degree is minus 0.096 MPa) and three times of refining (the refining vacuum degree is minus 0.096 MPa), and then are cut into usable mud strips (the water content of the mud strips is 22-24%).
5) Preparing a biscuit by molding the mud strip, and glazing on the clean biscuit to be glazed, wherein the glazing thickness is 0.2 mm;
6) and firing the glazed blank into a finished product in an oxidation atmosphere of 1210-1250 ℃, wherein the firing time is 6 hours.
Example three:
45 portions of recycled waste porcelain
45 portions of recovered pug
High-plasticity kaolin 5 parts
5 parts of zirconium silicate
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing and grinding the recovered waste porcelain, and sieving the crushed porcelain with a 50-mesh sieve;
2) weighing and preparing materials according to the formula proportion of the recovered pug;
3) according to the dry weight of the mud: ball milling is carried out with water =1:0.9, the ball milling medium adopts high alumina ball stone, and the proportion is as follows: the method comprises the following steps: small =1:2:1 gradation addition. A500 kg ball mill is adopted, the ball milling rotating speed is 21 r/mins, the ball milling time is 7 hours, and the ball milling loading capacity is 260kg raw materials. Sieving the ball-milled material through a 220-mesh sieve to remove iron to obtain slurry; the fineness of the slurry is controlled to be 250 meshes of residue: 0.10% -0.40%;
4) pressing the mud into mud cakes by a mud press, refining the mud cakes into mud strips by a mud refiner, and cutting the mud strips into usable mud strips (the water content of the mud strips is 22-24%) after the mud strips are subjected to two times of rough refining (the rough refining vacuum degree is-0.096 MPa) and three times of refining (the refining vacuum degree is-0.096 MPa);
5) preparing a biscuit by molding the mud strip, and glazing on the clean biscuit to be glazed, wherein the glazing thickness is 0.2 mm;
6) and firing the glazed blank into a finished product in an oxidation atmosphere of 1210-1250 ℃, wherein the firing time is 5 hours and 30 minutes.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic pug is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1): recovering waste porcelain, cleaning the blank and the redundant part except the glaze, and adding a grinder to grind for 2.5-6 hours to obtain porcelain powder;
(2): collecting the leftover materials of the pug produced on the production line, and mixing to form recovered pug;
(3): adding the medium ceramic powder, the recovered pug, the high-plasticity kaolin, the zirconium silicate and water into a ball mill, carrying out ball milling for 4-8 hours to obtain slurry;
(4): and (3) after the ball milling is finished, determining the fineness of the slurry, wherein the fineness of the slurry is controlled to be more than 250 meshes: 0.08 to 0.5 percent, passing the slurry through a 220-mesh screen after the screen residue test is qualified, then flowing through an iron removal area, and then putting into a slurry storage tank;
(5): pumping the slurry in the slurry storage tank into a mud press, and pressing the slurry to be dry by the mud press to be pressed into a mud cake;
(6): adding the mud cake into a pug mill for carrying out rough refining twice to obtain rough refining mud strips, and packaging the rough refining mud strips by using a plastic film to prevent water loss;
(7): refining the rough refining mud strips for three times under the vacuum degree of-0.96 MPa, and packaging the refined mud strips by using a plastic film to prevent water loss.
The proportion range of the sintered glaze existing in the recycled pug after repeated recycling is 0.8-2.4 times of the content of the glaze contained in the newly added waste porcelain, the proportion accounts for 5-10% of the total proportion, and the sintering degree, the expansion coefficient and the shrinkage of the pug are controlled within the controllable range of the production of the household porcelain through the fixed sintering range in the range.
2. The method for preparing high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (2) sieving the porcelain powder in the step (1) by a 50-mesh sieve.
3. The method for preparing high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the mixture ratio of the components is 30-50% of porcelain powder, 45-65% of recovered pug, 0-5% of high-plasticity kaolin and 2-5% of zirconium silicate.
4. The method for preparing high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the dry weight of the mud mixed by the porcelain powder, the recovered pug, the high-plasticity kaolin and the zirconium silicate to the water in the step (3) is 1: 0.48-1.6.
5. The method for preparing high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (5) controlling the moisture of the mud cakes to be between 20 and 26 percent.
6. The method for preparing high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) controlling the vacuum degree of the pug mill in the step (6) to be between-0.80 MPa and-1.0 MPa.
7. The method for preparing high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) controlling the water content of the mud strips in the step (7) to be between 20 and 26 percent.
8. The method for preparing high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the porcelain recovered in the step (1) is a transparent glaze porcelain.
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| CN202110752662.4A CN113387679A (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2021-07-02 | Preparation method of high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic pug |
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| CN202110752662.4A CN113387679A (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2021-07-02 | Preparation method of high-strength recyclable environment-friendly ceramic pug |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114671666A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-06-28 | 许昌学院 | Jun porcelain waste recycling method |
| CN115008578A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-09-06 | 潮州市华中陶瓷实业有限公司 | Ceramic waste mud recovery treatment method |
| CN115504766A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-12-23 | 醴陵陶润实业发展有限公司 | Formula of recyclable ceramic and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN101659543A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-03-03 | 金建福 | Zirconium-contained compound sintered ultralight inorganic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103242031A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-14 | 华南理工大学 | Ceramic sanitary ware prepared from waste ceramic and preparation method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-07-02 CN CN202110752662.4A patent/CN113387679A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101659543A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-03-03 | 金建福 | Zirconium-contained compound sintered ultralight inorganic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103242031A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-14 | 华南理工大学 | Ceramic sanitary ware prepared from waste ceramic and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114671666A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-06-28 | 许昌学院 | Jun porcelain waste recycling method |
| CN115008578A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-09-06 | 潮州市华中陶瓷实业有限公司 | Ceramic waste mud recovery treatment method |
| CN115504766A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-12-23 | 醴陵陶润实业发展有限公司 | Formula of recyclable ceramic and manufacturing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210914 |
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