CN106478067B - Preparation method of Longquan celadon body and glaze fully utilizing raw ore for body - Google Patents
Preparation method of Longquan celadon body and glaze fully utilizing raw ore for body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a Longquan celadon body and glaze by utilizing raw ores for the body without elutriation, which comprises the following steps: the blank formula comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10-20% of Baoxi porcelain clay, 10-25% of Zhuxiang porcelain clay, 10-25% of Siyuan porcelain clay, 35-65% of additional mineral and 0.01-3% of organic additive. The preparation method of the Longquan celadon blank body and glaze which are fully utilized without elutriation of the raw ore for the blank not only realizes the direct and full utilization of the raw ore for the Longquan celadon blank without elutriation, but also reduces the manufacturing cost of the Longquan celadon, simultaneously introduces cheap additional minerals and organic matters to have obvious effect on the blank body forming, reduces the manufacturing cost of the Longquan celadon, and is suitable for industrial mass production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a domestic ceramic blank and glaze, in particular to a preparation method of a Longquan celadon blank and glaze which are fully utilized by raw ores for blanks.
Background
China has abundant Longquan ore resources, but because the porcelain clay ore has high quartz content, a large amount of raw material tailings can be generated after elutriation. At present, the celadon raw ore tailings are mainly accumulated or buried, and the treatment mode not only occupies a large area and wastes a large amount of land resources, but also can cause serious pollution to water and soil resources, destroy ecological balance and hinder sustainable development of economy. Therefore, the full utilization of the tailings of the raw Longquan celadon is an important way for realizing the sustainable development of the raw Longquan celadon, which is not only a strategic demand for the development of the Longquan celadon industry in China, but also an urgent demand for establishing a resource and energy-saving society in China.
The glaze is a very thin uniform vitreous layer fused on the surface of the ceramic product, and can improve the surface performance of a blank and the service performance and artistic value of the product. The Longquan celadon is favored by the market with a lubricous glaze color like jade and a smooth and elegant shape.
However, for Longquan celadon, the different glaze colors have very strict requirements on the quality of mineral raw materials. Under the background of the national strong advocation of energy conservation, consumption reduction and green and environment-friendly production, a method for preparing Longquan celadon which is fully utilized without washing raw ores for blanks is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a Longquan celadon blank body and glaze fully utilizing raw ores for blanks, which solves the problem that a large amount of raw material tailings are left after the raw ores of the traditional Longquan celadon are washed, reduces the raw material cost of the Longquan celadon, and promotes the sustainable development of the traditional Longquan celadon.
A method for preparing Longquan celadon by utilizing green ore without elutriation comprises the following steps of: 10-20% of Baoxi porcelain clay, 10-25% of Zhuxiang porcelain clay, 10-25% of Siyuan porcelain clay, 35-65% of additional mineral and 0.01-3% of organic additive.
According to the invention, the traditional Longquan celadon raw ore is directly utilized without elutriation, so that the full utilization of the Longquan celadon raw ore is realized, and an important way is provided for the sustainable development of mineral resources; and after the raw ore of the Longquan celadon is fully utilized, the utilization rate of the raw ore used for preparing the body of the Longquan celadon reaches 100 percent, and the production cost is reduced by more than 35 percent, thereby providing a new direction and approach for the technical development of the Longquan celadon.
According to the invention, the traditional Longquan celadon raw ore is not required to be pretreated, and the raw ore can be directly and integrally utilized, so that the preparation steps of the slurry for the Longquan celadon blank are simplified, and the preparation cost is reduced.
Preferably, the content of kaolin, bentonite and black mud in the additional mineral is 35-65%. If the content of the added mineral is too low, the plasticity of the prepared Longquan celadon blank is poor, and the product is easy to crack; if the content of the added minerals is too high, the prepared blank is easy to shrink and deform after heat treatment, and more gases are generated in the firing process, so that the fired product is deformed and has defects.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the Longquan celadon glaze fully utilizing the raw ore for the blank, and the glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 70-85% of calcined yellow stone brown glaze soil, 0-20% of LingGen glaze soil, 0-15% of quartz, 0-10% of limestone, 1-8% of calcined kaolin and 1-8% of calcined violet gold soil;
the Longquan celadon blank of the invention is ball milled after raw ores and organic additives are mixed uniformly, so that the slurry has good dispersibility and high suspension stability, thereby ensuring that the formed blank has no defect and being beneficial to the color development stability of glaze.
In addition, toxic raw materials containing lead, cadmium and the like are not introduced in the full utilization of the Longquan celadon raw ore, and the harm of lead and cadmium to human bodies is avoided.
The invention provides a preparation method of a Longquan celadon body and glaze fully utilizing raw ores for the body, which comprises the following steps:
s1: accurately weighing the raw materials for the blank according to a preset mass percentage, and putting the raw materials into a ball milling tank, wherein the ratio of materials to balls to water is 1: 1 (1.2-1.5) to 1; obtaining slurry after ball milling, iron removal, sieving and aging; squeezing the slurry to obtain mud cakes with good plasticity;
s2: carrying out vacuum pugging on the mud cakes, forming into a blank body, and then drying and biscuiting to obtain a biscuit;
s3: glazing the biscuit, glazing and drying the biscuit, and firing the biscuit in a reducing atmosphere to obtain a raw ore full-utilization Longquan celadon product for the biscuit.
Preferably, in step S1, the ball milling time is 6-24 hours, and the ball milling is performed until the fineness is: the screen residue of 250 meshes is less than 0.5 wt%. The slurry has good dispersibility and suspension stability.
Preferably, in step S1, the aged material is sieved through a 200-250 mesh sieve. The purpose of sieving is to remove solid matters with larger particles in the slurry and prepare a green body with controllable and uniform thickness.
Preferably, in step S3, the concentration of the glaze slip during the glazing process is 1.3-1.65 g/cm3The thickness of the glaze layer on the biscuit is 0.5-2 mm.
Preferably, in step S3, the glaze firing temperature is: the kiln temperature is increased to 1150-1200 ℃ at the speed of 2-5 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept at 1150-1200 ℃ for 0.5-1.5 h, which is 50-70 ℃ lower than the traditional glaze firing temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention uses the prior traditional Longquan celadon raw ore as the main raw material, introduces a certain amount of added mineral and organic additive, and can be directly utilized without elutriation, thereby realizing the full utilization of the raw ore for the Longquan celadon blank, obviously reducing the production cost of the Longquan celadon and providing an important way for the sustainable development of mineral resources; provides a new direction for the production and selection of the Longquan celadon;
(2) because the traditional raw ore for the Longquan celadon blank needs to be elutriated, the elutriated tailings are buried and accumulated, and the ecological environment is greatly damaged; meanwhile, the product needs to be subjected to heat treatment at a high temperature of more than 1250 ℃, so that the cost is high. The Longquan celadon is prepared by the green raw ore full-utilization process, so that the firing temperature can be reduced by 50-100 ℃, and the production and manufacturing cost is reduced;
(3) according to the invention, no pretreatment is needed to be carried out on the raw ore of the Longquan celadon, the raw ore can be directly and integrally utilized, the source of the added minerals is wide, the price is low, the preparation steps of the blank slurry of the Longquan celadon are simplified, and the preparation cost of the Longquan celadon is integrally reduced;
(4) the raw ore of the Longquan celadon is not required to be washed and fully utilized, and the added minerals and organic additives can improve the suspension property of slurry particles in the slurry after ball milling, so that the slurry has good dispersibility and high suspension stability, thereby reducing the defects of the product after firing and being beneficial to improving the color stability of the blank glaze;
(5) the Longquan celadon green glaze does not introduce any toxic raw materials containing lead, cadmium and the like, so that the harm of lead and cadmium to human bodies is avoided;
(6) the Longquan celadon has the advantages of good bonding property of blank glaze, high strength of finished porcelain, fine and smooth color tone without color difference, simple preparation process and high production efficiency, and can be suitable for industrial mass production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the product obtained in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the product obtained in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the product obtained in example 3;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of the product obtained in example 4;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effects of the product obtained in example 5.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a method for preparing a blank and glaze of Longquan celadon, in which the raw ore for the blank is used without washing and is fully utilized, is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparation of the slurry
Accurately weighing the raw materials for the blank according to the following mass percentages:
15.5 percent of Baoxi porcelain clay, 13.5 percent of Zhuxiang porcelain clay, 14.5 percent of Siyuan porcelain clay, 55 percent of kaolin and 1.5 percent of organic additive CMC;
after uniformly mixing, carrying out ball milling for 8h, removing iron, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve, and ageing for 12h to obtain slurry; squeezing the slurry to obtain mud cakes with good plasticity; carrying out vacuum pugging on the mud cakes, forming into a blank body, and then drying and biscuiting to obtain a biscuit;
(2) preparation of glaze slip
The glaze material is prepared by accurately weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
calcined yellow stone brown glaze soil 72%, green root glaze soil 5%, quartz 5%, limestone 6%, calcined kaolin 4% and calcined violet gold soil 8%;
mixing uniformly, and mixing at a ratio of material: ball: water: 1: 1.2: 1Ball milling is carried out for 8 hours; after the ball milling is finished, removing iron, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve with 0.03 percent of screen residue, and aging for 48 hours to obtain glaze slurry with the glaze slurry concentration of 1.50g/cm3；
(3) Biscuit firing
Biscuit firing is carried out on a pre-made Longquan celadon blank at 700 ℃ to obtain a biscuit;
(4) glazing
Glazing the biscuit, wherein the glazing thickness is 0.5-2 mm;
(5) glaze firing
Drying the glazed biscuit, putting the biscuit into a kiln, heating the kiln to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, carrying out glaze firing at 1200 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere, and keeping the temperature for 30 min; the Longquan celadon product of the present example, which is stable in glaze color and fully utilizes the raw ore for the blank, is obtained, and the effect graph is shown in FIG. 1.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention relates to a preparation method of a Longquan celadon body and glaze which are prepared from raw ores for the body and are fully utilized without elutriation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the slurry
Accurately weighing the raw materials for the blank according to the following mass percentages:
10.8 percent of Baoxi porcelain clay, 20.2 percent of Zhuxiang porcelain clay, 18 percent of Siyuan porcelain clay, 50 percent of kaolin and 1 percent of organic additive sodium humate;
after mixing uniformly, carrying out ball milling for 12h, removing iron, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve, and ageing for 24h to obtain slurry; squeezing the slurry to obtain mud cakes with good plasticity; carrying out vacuum pugging on the mud cakes, forming into a blank body, and then drying and biscuiting to obtain a biscuit;
(2) preparation of glaze slip
The glaze material is prepared by accurately weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
calcined yellow stone brown glaze soil 75%, LingGen glaze soil 10%, quartz 8%, limestone 4%, calcined kaolin 2%, calcined Zijin soil 1%;
mixing uniformly, ball milling for 8h according to the ratio of ball to water being 1: 1.5: 1, and adding 1% CMC as suspending agent during ball milling; after the ball milling is finished, removing iron, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve with 0.03 percent of sieve residue, aging for 48 hours,the glaze slip concentration is 1.60g/cm3；
(3) Biscuit firing
Biscuit firing is carried out on a pre-made Longquan celadon blank at 750 ℃ to obtain a biscuit;
(4) glazing
Glazing the biscuit, wherein the glazing thickness is 0.5-2 mm;
(5) glaze firing
Drying the glazed biscuit, putting the biscuit into a kiln, heating the kiln to 1180 ℃ at the speed of 2-5 ℃/min, carrying out glaze firing at 1180 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere, and keeping the temperature for 120 min; the Longquan celadon product of the present example, which has stable glaze color and full utilization of raw ore for the blank, was obtained, and the effect graph is shown in FIG. 2.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention relates to a preparation method of a Longquan celadon body and glaze which are prepared from raw ores for the body and are fully utilized without elutriation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the slurry
Accurately weighing the raw materials for the blank according to the following mass percentages:
19.6 percent of Baoxi porcelain clay, 19.5 percent of Zhuxiang porcelain clay, 20.5 percent of Siyuan porcelain clay, 38.5 percent of bentonite and 1.9 percent of additive water glass;
after being uniformly mixed, the mixture is placed into a ball mill for 8 hours, iron is removed, the mixture is sieved by 250 meshes, and the mixture is aged for 12 hours to obtain slurry; squeezing the slurry to obtain mud cakes with good plasticity; carrying out vacuum pugging on the mud cakes, forming into a blank body, and then drying and biscuiting to obtain a biscuit;
(2) preparation of glaze slip
The glaze material is prepared by accurately weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
calcined yellow stone brown glaze soil 72%, green root glaze soil 10%, quartz 4%, limestone 8%, calcined kaolin 5% and calcined violet gold soil 1%;
mixing uniformly, ball milling for 12h according to the ratio of material: ball: water: 1: 1.2: 1, and adding 1% polyvinyl alcohol as suspending agent during ball milling; after the ball milling is finished, removing iron, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve with 0.04 percent of sieve residue, and aging for 24 hours to obtain glaze slip with the concentration of 1.60g/cm3；
(3) Biscuit firing
Biscuit firing is carried out on a pre-made Longquan celadon blank at 750 ℃ to obtain a biscuit;
(4) glazing
Glazing the biscuit, wherein the glazing thickness is 0.5-2 mm;
(5) glaze firing
Drying the glazed biscuit, putting the biscuit into a kiln, heating the kiln to 1180 ℃ at the speed of 2-5 ℃/min, carrying out glaze firing at 1180 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere, and keeping the temperature for 120 min; the Longquan celadon product of the present example, which has stable glaze color and full utilization of raw ore for the blank, was obtained, and the effect graph is shown in FIG. 3.
Example 4
The embodiment of the invention relates to a preparation method of a Longquan celadon body and glaze which are prepared from raw ores for the body and are fully utilized without elutriation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the slurry
Accurately weighing the raw materials for the blank according to the following mass percentages:
16.92 percent of Baoxi porcelain clay, 24 percent of Zhuxiang porcelain clay, 23 percent of Siyuan porcelain clay, 36 percent of kaolin and 0.08 percent of additive water glass;
after being uniformly mixed, the mixture is placed into a ball mill for 24 hours, and then iron is removed, the mixture is sieved by a 250-mesh sieve, and the mixture is aged for 24 hours to obtain slurry; squeezing the slurry to obtain mud cakes with good plasticity; carrying out vacuum pugging on the mud cakes, forming into a blank body, and then drying and biscuiting to obtain a biscuit;
(2) preparation of glaze slip
The glaze material is prepared by accurately weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
calcined yellow stone brown glaze soil 81%, LingGen glaze soil 8%, quartz 2%, limestone 3%, calcined kaolin 4% and calcined violet gold soil 2%;
mixing uniformly, ball milling for 24h according to the ratio of material: ball: water: 1: 1.3: 1, and adding 1% of polypropylene alcohol as suspending agent in the ball milling process; after the ball milling is finished, removing iron, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve with 0.03 percent of sieve residue, and aging for 48 hours to obtain glaze slip with the concentration of 1.30g/cm3；
(3) Biscuit firing
Biscuit firing is carried out on a pre-made Longquan celadon blank at 800 ℃ to obtain a biscuit;
(4) glazing
Glazing the biscuit, wherein the glazing thickness is 0.5-2 mm;
(5) glaze firing
Drying the glazed biscuit, putting the biscuit into a kiln, heating the kiln to 1160 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, carrying out glaze firing in a reducing atmosphere at 1160 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30 min; the Longquan celadon product of the present example, which has stable glaze color and full utilization of raw ore for the blank, was obtained, and the effect graph is shown in FIG. 4.
Example 5
The embodiment of the invention relates to a preparation method of a Longquan celadon body and glaze which are prepared from raw ores for the body and are fully utilized without elutriation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the slurry
Accurately weighing the raw materials for the blank according to the following mass percentages:
baoxi porcelain clay 18%, Zhuxiang porcelain clay 22%, Siyuan porcelain clay 20%, bentonite 38% and organic additive sodium humate 2%;
after being uniformly mixed, the mixture is placed into a ball mill for 12 hours, and then iron is removed, the mixture is sieved by a 250-mesh sieve, and the mixture is aged for 48 hours to obtain slurry; squeezing the slurry to obtain mud cakes with good plasticity; carrying out vacuum pugging on the mud cakes, forming into a blank body, and then drying and biscuiting to obtain a biscuit;
(2) preparation of glaze slip
The glaze material is prepared by accurately weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
77% of calcined yellow stone brown glaze soil, 8% of Ling root glaze soil, 3% of quartz, 4% of limestone, 5% of calcined kaolin and 3% of calcined violet gold soil;
after being uniformly mixed, the raw materials are as follows: ball: water 1: 1.2: 1, performing ball milling for 12 hours, and adding 1% of polypropylene glycol as a suspending agent in the ball milling process; after the ball milling is finished, removing iron, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve with 0.04 percent of sieve residue, and aging for 24 hours to obtain glaze slip with the concentration of 1.40g/cm3；
(3) Biscuit firing
Biscuit firing is carried out on a pre-made Longquan celadon blank at 700 ℃ to obtain a biscuit;
(4) glazing
Glazing the biscuit, wherein the glazing thickness is 0.1-2 mm;
(5) glaze firing
Drying the glazed biscuit, putting the biscuit into a kiln, heating the kiln to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 2-5 ℃/min, carrying out glaze firing at 1200 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere, and keeping the temperature for 120 min; the Longquan celadon product of the present example, which has stable glaze color and full utilization of raw ore for the blank, was obtained, and the effect graph is shown in FIG. 5.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing Longquan celadon body and glaze by utilizing raw ore for body completely, which is characterized in that the raw ore for body is not required to be elutriated and utilized completely, comprises the following steps:
s1: accurately weighing the raw materials for the blank according to a preset mass percentage, and obtaining slurry after ball milling, iron removal, sieving and ageing; squeezing the slurry to obtain mud cakes with good plasticity;
s2: carrying out vacuum pugging on the mud cakes, forming into a blank body, and then drying and biscuiting to obtain a biscuit;
s3: accurately weighing each raw material of the glaze according to a preset mass percentage, and obtaining glaze slip after ball milling, iron removal, sieving and ageing;
s4: glazing the biscuit by using the glaze slip, drying, and then carrying out glaze firing in a reducing atmosphere to obtain a Longquan celadon which is used as a biscuit and is fully utilized without elutriation of raw ores;
the blank formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-20% of Baoxi porcelain clay, 10-25% of Zhuxiang porcelain clay, 10-25% of Siyuan porcelain clay, 35-65% of additional mineral and 0.01-3% of organic additive;
the formula of the glaze material comprises: 70-85% of calcined yellow stone brown glaze soil, 0-20% of LingGen glaze soil, 0-15% of quartz, 0-10% of limestone, 1-8% of calcined kaolin and 1-8% of calcined violet gold soil.
2. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the ball milling time of the blank raw materials is 6-24 h, and the ball milling is carried out until the fineness of a slurry mixture is as follows: the screen residue of 250 meshes is less than 0.5 wt%.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the organic additive in the glaze is one or more of polypropylene alcohol, CMC, polyvinyl alcohol; the concentration of the glaze slip is 1.3-1.65 g/cm during glazing3The thickness of the glaze layer is 0.5-2 mm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S4, the glaze firing is: the kiln temperature is increased to 1150-1200 ℃ at the speed of 2-5 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept at 1150-1200 ℃ for 0.5-1.5 h.
5. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the mineral added in the formulation of the Longquan celadon body is one or more of kaolin, bentonite and black mud.
6. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the organic additive in the formulation of the Longquan celadon body is one or more of CMC, water glass and sodium humate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610883705.1A CN106478067B (en) | 2016-10-10 | 2016-10-10 | Preparation method of Longquan celadon body and glaze fully utilizing raw ore for body |
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| CN201610883705.1A CN106478067B (en) | 2016-10-10 | 2016-10-10 | Preparation method of Longquan celadon body and glaze fully utilizing raw ore for body |
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| CN106478067B true CN106478067B (en) | 2021-01-15 |
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