CN113816637B - Baking-free building block with chrysotile mine stripping waste stone as aggregate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Baking-free building block with chrysotile mine stripping waste stone as aggregate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/026—Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/04—Heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention provides a baking-free building block taking chrysotile mine stripping waste stone as aggregate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: crushing, shaping and screening the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone raw material to obtain coarse machine-made sand aggregate; scrubbing, washing, dedusting and filtering to obtain refined machine-made sand aggregate; uniformly mixing the refined machine-made sand aggregate with cement, an auxiliary agent and water to obtain a plastic mixture; demoulding after compression molding to obtain a baking-free block blank; and curing after stacking the blanks to obtain the baking-free building blocks. According to the invention, the baking-free building block is prepared by taking the chrysotile mine stripped waste rock as the aggregate, so that the material range of the baking-free brick can be expanded, and the source and range of building block materials can be expanded; the prepared baking-free building block has good fire resistance besides the performance of a concrete building block.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization of superbasic rock type chrysotile mine waste stones, in particular to a baking-free building block taking chrysotile mine stripping waste stones as aggregates and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the process of super-bedrock type chrysotile mine exploitation, surrounding rock serpentine around a chrysotile ore body and non-ore serpentine in the ore body are stripped and removed to form chrysotile mine serpentine stripped waste rock.
Along with the popularization and application of the novel wall material, the development of key matched mortar suitable for various novel masonry structures and novel walls is obviously delayed, a series of policies are sequentially put forward in order to popularize baking-free building blocks in China, and a good foundation is laid for the development of the building market in China.
The main materials of the baking-free building block are cement and sand materials, but with the acceleration of the construction speed of the town in China, the natural sand materials become hot, and the price is high. Natural sand resources are also becoming depleted. The consumption of Chinese sand in 2018 is 200 hundred million tons, which accounts for 50% of the global sand consumption. Meanwhile, the sand delivery amount of China main river in the year is obviously reduced. Compared with the last 70 years, the sand conveying amount of the yellow river is reduced by 89%, and the sand conveying amount of the Yangtze river is reduced by 68%. The total sand conveying amount of the main river is reduced from 20.3 hundred million tons in 1955-1968 to 5 hundred million tons in 1997-2010, and the reduction reaches 78.5 percent. According to the monitoring of the water conservancy department, the average annual sand delivery of the main river representative hydrologic station in China is about 80 percent smaller than that of the hydrologic station in more years. Secondly, the natural sand delivery is continuously reduced, the supply is not guaranteed at all, and the sand and stone resources are reduced due to 'water without supply'. Some areas have tended to be depleted. The contradiction of supply and demand tension is not changed in quality all the time.
From the practical experience at home and abroad, the use of solid waste for processing and manufacturing the building sand is an important way for solving the sand demand. Billions of tons of asbestos tailings are produced nationwide, but a resource utilization way is still lacking so far, potential pollution exists to the surrounding environment, serious waste of resources is caused in the second period, and the source of sand and stone is enlarged. Increasing the resource supply. Encourages and supports comprehensive utilization of sand and stone soil resources such as waste stones, slag, tailings and the like, realizes waste recycling, and becomes an industrial policy advocated and promoted by the state.
The method is used for pushing the utilization of solid waste resources, and the sand stone products are produced by taking solid waste as raw materials, so that the ecological environment problems of land occupation and the like caused by the piling of industrial solid waste can be effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the source of baking-free brick raw materials is further developed, and the dependence on natural sand and stone materials is reduced, which is a thing which is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to address at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. For example, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for recycling a chrysotile mine stripped waste rock with low energy consumption. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a baking-free building block by using the chrysotile mine stripped waste rock as an aggregate.
In summary, the inventor finds that a great amount of domestic serpentine-containing solid waste is only piled up and treated at present due to lack of effective recycling way, and the serpentine-containing solid waste occupies valuable land resources and has potential pollution to surrounding environment, meanwhile, the main components of the serpentine-containing solid waste are magnesium and silicon dioxide, and the serpentine-containing solid waste can be converted into active cementing materials without adverse effect on environment through a certain treatment means, so that the environmental potential safety hazard is eliminated, waste materials are changed into valuable materials, meanwhile, the idle and waste of resources can be avoided, the calcium cementing materials are replaced by the serpentine-containing solid waste, the carbon emission of the calcium cementing materials can be effectively reduced, the serpentine-containing solid waste is used for preparing baking-free bricks by using aggregate, the serpentine-containing solid waste can replace natural sand and waste materials, and is beneficial to saving natural sand and stone resources, and has important economic, ecological, environmental and social benefits.
Accordingly, in order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a baking-free block using a chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as an aggregate, the method comprising the steps of: crushing, shaping and screening the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone raw material to obtain coarse machine-made sand aggregate with granularity smaller than 4.75mm, wherein the byproduct is fine powder screened by a dust removal screen; scrubbing, washing, dedusting and filtering the crude machine-made sand aggregate to obtain refined machine-made sand aggregate with the granularity of 4.75 mm-75 mu m; the refined machine-made sand aggregate, cement, auxiliary agent and water are mixed according to the weight percentage of 55-70 percent: 8-30%: 0-5%: 8-30% of the materials are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a plastic mixture; demolding after compression molding the plastic mixture to obtain a baking-free block blank; and stacking the unfired block blank, and curing to obtain the unfired block.
In an exemplary embodiment of the preparation method of the present invention, the steps of crushing, shaping and sieving the attributes may be performed in a production plant with negative pressure, and dust removing devices may be installed at dust producing portions of the respective crushing apparatus, shaping apparatus and sieving apparatus to collect dust and achieve air emission up to standard. In addition, the method can collect and clarify the wastewater generated in the steps of scrubbing, washing, dedusting and water filtering, and then recycle the wastewater; and the sediment mud produced by settling and clarifying is dehydrated and dried, and then is placed into a roasting kiln together with the dust and undersize fine powder obtained by sieving, and is roasted at the temperature of 750-1000 ℃ so as to decompose and phase-change serpentine minerals in the sediment mud, thereby forming an olivine-based crystalline phase product which can be used as a plastering material for buildings.
In an exemplary embodiment of the preparation method of the present invention, the chrysotile mine may be a chrysotile mine formed by serpentine formation of super-basic rock, and the mineral type of chrysotile may be chrysotile fiber produced in a pulse shape; the chrysotile mine stripping waste rock can comprise surrounding rock, an interlayer, a rock wall and a surface weathering covering layer of a chrysotile mine body, wherein the surrounding rock is one or more of serpentine, slate and changed quartz amphibole, the interlayer can be serpentine, and the rock wall is trabecite and/or quartz amphibole.
In an exemplary embodiment of the method of the present invention, the scrubbing may be removal of asbestos fibers exposed from the surfaces of serpentine fragments by friction and shear stripping using a sand scrubber, and the water-washed dust removal may be performed by washing using an industrial water counter-current washing method to wash the asbestos fibers bound and adsorbed to the surface of the coarse machine-made sand aggregate to a total solids suspension of <50mg/L in the wash water.
In an exemplary embodiment of the preparation method of the invention, the refined machine-made sand aggregate, cement, auxiliary agent and water can be prepared according to the weight percentage of 60-65%: 15-20%: 2-4%: 10-20% of auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent can be one or more of calcium oxide, calcined gypsum and reinforcing fiber.
In an exemplary embodiment of the preparation method of the invention, the curing can be performed by adopting a mode of spraying water at normal temperature or introducing water vapor, the curing temperature is 20-95 ℃, the heating mode can be that the temperature is slowly raised for 5-20 min at 3-5 ℃/min, then the temperature is quickly raised at 10-15 ℃/min, the total curing time can be 24-72 h, and the humidity in the curing room is more than 85%.
The invention also provides a baking-free building block taking the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as aggregate, and the baking-free building block is prepared by adopting the method. For example, the baking-free block can be a hollow block with a density of 300-900 kg/m 3 The compression strength grade satisfies MU 2.5-MU 20, and the hollow rate is more than or equal to 25%. The baking-free building block can also be a solid building block, and the density is 900-1500 kg/m 3 The compression strength grade meets MU 10-MU 35, and the hollow rate is less than 25%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that at least one of the following contents is included:
(1) The baking-free building block is prepared by taking the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as the aggregate, so that the consumption of natural sand stone can be effectively saved, the contradiction between supply and demand of natural sand can be relieved for reducing the exploitation of the natural sand stone, the material range of the baking-free brick can be expanded, the ecological environment and sustainable development can be realized, and important economic, environmental and social benefits can be realized;
(2) Roasting the dehydrated and dried sedimentation mud of the sedimentation tank and the recovery powder of the dust removal equipment at 750-1000 ℃ through calcination, so that serpentine minerals in the sedimentation tank comprise asbestos fibers to decompose and change phases, and the formed products taking olivine as main crystalline phases are used as building plastering materials, thereby realizing phase inversion detoxification, reducing adverse effects on environment and having important environmental protection, safety and social benefits;
(3) The baking-free building block is prepared by adopting the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as the aggregate, so that the material composition of the conventional building block is changed, the sources and the range of the building block material are expanded, the promotion of the construction of domestic infrastructure is facilitated, the contradiction of increasing tension of the building material in the process of urban treatment is effectively relieved, and the solid waste material recycling policy advocated and promoted by the state is actively responded;
(4) The baking-free building block prepared by adopting the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as the aggregate has the advantages of good fire resistance and the like besides the performance of the concrete building block, increases the service performance of the building block, and has wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the baking-free block using the chrysotile mine stripped waste rock as an aggregate and the method of preparing the same of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.
In general, the inventors have studied to consider: on one hand, the supply of domestic sand is short, the price is continuously increased, the ecological and environmental damage is caused by the exploitation of natural sand, the baking-free building block is an important building material essential for the construction of domestic town, and the popularization and the utilization of the baking-free building block are seriously affected by the shortage of the sand material; meanwhile, the serpentine type stripping waste stones of the domestic chrysotile mine are accumulated in a large quantity, so that valuable land resources are occupied, potential adverse effects on the surrounding environment are brought about, and meanwhile, the resource waste is also caused, therefore, the inventor proposes to fully utilize the mine solid wastes as aggregate to prepare the baking-free building block, change waste into valuable, and relieve the current situation of the lack of natural sand stone materials.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the baking-free block using the chrysotile mine stripped waste rock as the aggregate may be realized by the following steps:
(1) Step 1: preparation of coarse machine-made sand aggregate
And sequentially carrying out attribute crushing, shaping and screening on the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone raw material to obtain coarse machine-made sand aggregate with the granularity smaller than 4.75mm, wherein the byproducts are fine powder sieved by a dust removal sieve.
Wherein, the chrysotile mine is formed by the superbase rock through serpentine action, and the mineral type of the chrysotile is chrysotile fiber produced in a pulse shape.
The waste rock stripped from chrysotile mine mainly comprises surrounding rock, interlayer, rock wall and surface weathering covering layer of chrysotile mine body. Wherein the surrounding rock mainly comprises serpentine, slate, changed quartz amphibole and the like; the interlayer is mainly serpentine; the rock wall is mainly trabecite and quartz amphibole; rock types of the earth's surface covering the regolith are varied.
The mineral species in the exfoliated waste rock are mainly serpentine group minerals including lixiviant serpentine, antigorite and rock-making chrysotile, and also include small amounts of silicates, carbonates, oxides and hydroxides such as quartz, feldspar, volcanite, tremolite, diopside, talc, magnetite, chlorite, magnesite, dolomite, brucite, calcite, garnet, plagioclase, etc.
The attribute crushing is to fully crush and dissociate by adopting crushing equipment which is not limited by jaw crushing, cone crushing and vertical shaft crusher according to the development degree of microfibrous veins in serpentine fragments in stripped waste rock raw materials. When the serpentine contains micro-chrysotile asbestos veins, during the breaking process, the serpentine blocks will first generate breaking surfaces along the asbestos veins and expose chrysotile fibers, so that the serpentine fragments are broken to such an extent that the micro-chrysotile asbestos veins are no longer included in the serpentine small fragments.
The shaping is a process of passivating the edges and corners of the particles in the crushing process when clear requirements are placed on the particle shape of the sand aggregate product.
The screening is to screen the crushed materials by adopting a 2-5-layer multi-layer screen according to the particle size requirement of the machine-made sand aggregate product, remove the screen materials and the undersize materials with the particles not meeting the requirement, and return the oversize materials with the particle size not meeting the requirement to the attribute crushing section for crushing or be used as crushed stones.
Further, the process of crushing, shaping and screening the attributes is completed in a production workshop with negative pressure, and the purpose of adopting the negative pressure can reduce dust emission, avoid dust overflow and reduce the influence on the surrounding environment.
Dust covers are arranged at dust producing parts of the crushing equipment, the screening equipment and the shaping equipment, dust is collected by an induced draft fan, and air is discharged after reaching the discharge standard after dust collection by a cloth bag.
(2) Step 2: preparation of refined machine-made sand aggregate
Scrubbing, washing, dedusting and filtering the crude machine-made sand aggregates with different grain sizes obtained in the step 1 to obtain refined machine-made sand aggregates with the grain size of 4.75 mm-75 mu m, which accord with the grain size grading.
And wastewater generated by the scrubbing, washing and dedusting and water filtering working sections is collected into a sedimentation tank for sedimentation and clarification and then is recycled.
The sediment mud of the sedimentation tank is dehydrated and dried, and then is placed into a roasting kiln together with the dust recovered in the cloth bag dust collector in the step 1 and the fine powder sieved by a dust removing sieve in the sieving process, and is roasted at 750-1000 ℃ to decompose and phase change serpentine minerals including asbestos fibers, and the formed product taking olivine as a main crystalline phase is used as a plastering material for buildings. For example, the firing time may be 3 minutes to 2.0 hours. When the roasting temperature is lower than 750 ℃, the requirements of phase inversion and detoxification are difficult to reach, when the temperature is higher than 1000 ℃, the energy consumption is increased, and at the same time, the phase inversion is basically completed, so that the energy consumption is increased, the further improvement of the phase inversion effect is not facilitated, and the roasting temperature range is suitable.
The scrubbing is to remove asbestos fibers exposed on the surfaces of serpentine fragments by adopting a sand scrubbing machine through friction and shearing force stripping.
The washing is carried out by adopting an industrial water countercurrent washing method, the dust removal is to clean dust adhered and adsorbed on the surface of the coarse sand aggregate, especially asbestos fiber, and the cleaning is to clean until the total amount of solid suspended matters in washing water is less than 50mg/L.
The water filtering is a process of stacking natural water filtering and air drying.
(3) Step 3: preparation of a Plastic mixture
And (3) mixing the refined machine-made sand aggregate obtained in the step (2) with cement, an auxiliary agent and water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a plastic mixture. For example, the refined machine-made sand aggregate, cement, auxiliary agent and water can be 55-70% by weight percent: 8-30%: 0-5%: 8-30% of auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent can be one or more of calcium oxide, calcined gypsum and reinforcing fiber. In addition, cements may include, but are not limited to, commercial 32.5# and 42.5# cements. The water can be natural water body after precipitation treatment.
The color of the refined machine-made sand aggregate is green-black, yellow-green, green-yellow, olive-green, dark green and the like, the mechanical strength is equivalent to that of limestone, but the toughness is stronger, the luster is soft after polishing or water grinding, the luster is glaring, and the fine machine-made sand aggregate has good decorative and beautifying effects.
The grain size of the refined machine-made sand aggregate is smaller than 4.75mm, and the refined machine-made sand aggregate can be used as aggregate of baking-free building blocks, terrazzo color stone slag, mortar sand, wall decoration, aggregate for producing artificial stone decorative plates and the like; when the sand is used as building sand, the mud content is 0, the stone powder content is 0, the MB value is less than or equal to 0.3, and the single-stage crushing value is less than or equal to 14%.
(4) Step 4: preparing a baking-free block blank
And (3) carrying out compression molding on the plastic mixture obtained in the step (3) and then demolding to obtain the baking-free block blank.
The molding die may include: (i) a load-bearing block mold having an interior cavity of dimensions: 390X 190mm; (ii) The size of the inner cavity of the small hollow block mold can be as follows: 600×300×300mm, 600×300×250mm, 600×300×00mm, 600×300×150mm, 600×300×20mm, 600×300×100mm, 600×300×60mm, 600×300×180mm, or 600×300×240mm; (iii) a light-bone hollow block mold, the cavity size of which is: 390X 190mm.
The building block mortar is filled, uniformly paved and pressed by adopting a brick making machine program, and the pressing pressure can be 20-70 MPa. The compression molding of the light wallboard can adopt a double-drive double-roller extrusion method, the maximum molding length of the wallboard can be 3500mm, the molding thickness can be 60mm,80mm,90mm,100mm,120mm,180mm or 240mm, and the molding width can be 600mm,610mm or 1200mm.
(5) Step 5: forming baking-free building blocks
And (3) stacking the unfired block blank obtained in the step (4), then conveying the unfired block blank to a curing room, and curing the unfired block by spraying water at normal temperature or introducing water vapor.
The maintenance comprises the following steps: spraying water at normal temperature or introducing water vapor for curing, wherein the curing condition is that the temperature of a curing room is 20-95 ℃, the temperature rising mode is that the temperature is slowly raised (3-5 ℃/min) for 10min, then the temperature is raised (10-15 ℃/min), the total curing time can be 24-72 h, and the humidity in the curing room is more than 85%.
The baking-free blocks obtained by the method of the present exemplary embodiment may also be referred to as construction blocks. When it is a hollow block, its density is 300-900 kg/m 3 The compression strength grade satisfies MU 2.5-MU 20, the hollow rate is more than or equal to 25%, for exampleThe compression strength grade can be MU 16-MU 18, and the hollow rate can be more than or equal to 45%. When the building block is a solid block, the density of the building block can be 900-1500 kg/m 3 The compression strength grade satisfies MU 10-MU 35, the air rate is less than 25%, for example, the compression strength grade can be MU 25-MU 30, and the air rate can be less than 15%.
For a better understanding of exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following description will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the specific examples, however, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
In the example, the method for preparing the baking-free building block by taking the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as the aggregate is realized by the following steps:
step 1: surrounding rock of a chrysotile ore body is subjected to jaw breaking, cone breaking and sieving after impact breaking shaping in a negative pressure 1.8kpa workshop, and coarse machine-made sandstone aggregate with the size fraction is obtained, wherein the main components of the sandstone aggregate are serpentine rock and slate.
Step 2: scrubbing, washing, dedusting and draining the crude sand aggregates with different particle sizes obtained in the step 1 to obtain refined chrysotile mine serpentine type stripped waste stone aggregates, wherein the obtained scrubbing, washing and draining waste water sink starch and dust removing cloth bag fine powder, and roasting for 8min at 980 ℃ to convert serpentine into olivine for plastering materials.
Step 3: mixing the refined chrysotile mine serpentine stripped waste rock aggregate obtained in the step 2 with cement, an auxiliary agent and water to obtain a plastic mixture, wherein the weight percentage of the mixture is 60 percent: 20%:2%:18%; wherein the cement adopts 42.5 ordinary Portland cement, and the auxiliary agent is reinforcing fiber; the water is drinking tap water.
Step 4: and (3) carrying out compression molding on the plastic mixture obtained in the step (3) under 60MPa, and then demolding to obtain the baking-free block blank.
Step 5: conveying the baking-free brick blank obtained in the step 4 to a curing room for stacking, and introducing CO-containing gas at 200 DEG C 2 Kiln tail gas and water vapor are cured in a curing chamber at 90 ℃ for 25 hours. The temperature rising mode of curing is slow temperature rising (4 ℃/min) for 15minAfter that, the temperature was rapidly raised (13 ℃ C./min) to 90 ℃ again. After curing, a density of 850kg/m was obtained 3 The hollow rate is 30 percent, and the compressive strength is the building block of MU 20.
Example 2
In the example, the method for preparing the baking-free building block by taking the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as the aggregate is realized by the following steps:
step 1: the rock wall of the chrysotile ore body is firstly subjected to jaw breaking in a workshop with negative pressure of 2.0kpa, a vertical shaft crusher is used for sieving after impact breaking and shaping, and the machine-made sandstone aggregate with required size fraction is obtained, wherein the main components of the sandstone aggregate are trabecite and quartz amphibole.
Step 2: scrubbing, washing, dedusting and filtering water and drying the machine-made sand with different grain grades obtained in the step 1 to obtain coarse aggregates with each grade of S12-S14, wherein the obtained scrubbing, washing and filtering water wastewater is used for precipitating starch and dust removing cloth bag fine powder, and roasting the fine powder for 40min at 800 ℃ to convert serpentine into olivine for plastering materials.
Step 3: mixing the refined chrysotile mine serpentine stripped waste rock aggregate obtained in the step 2 with cement, an auxiliary agent and water to obtain a plastic mixture, wherein the weight percentage of the mixture is 62 percent: 16%:3%:23%; wherein the cement adopts Portland cement No. 32.5, and the auxiliary agent is lime; the water is river water after precipitation.
Step 4: and (3) carrying out compression molding on the plastic mixture obtained in the step (3) under 50MPa, and then demolding to obtain the baking-free block blank.
Step 5: and (3) conveying the baking-free brick blank obtained in the step (4) to a curing room for stacking, and introducing CO 2-containing kiln tail gas and water vapor at 220 ℃ into a curing room at 60 ℃ for curing for 72 hours. The temperature rising mode of curing is that after 20min of slow temperature rising (3 ℃/min), the temperature rises to 90 ℃ rapidly (13 ℃/min). After curing, a density of 750kg/m was obtained 3 Hollow core rate 40% and compressive strength MU 15.
Example 3
In the example, the method for preparing the baking-free building block by taking the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as the aggregate is realized by the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the steps of performing jaw breaking and vertical shaft breaking on a surface weathering covering layer of a chrysotile ore body in a negative pressure 2.2kpa workshop, performing impact breaking shaping, and screening to obtain coarse aggregates with different particle sizes, wherein the main components of the coarse aggregates are quartz amphibole, diopside, calcite, dolomite and the like.
Step 2: scrubbing, washing, dedusting and filtering water and drying coarse aggregates with different particle sizes obtained in the step 1 to obtain the serpentine type stripping waste stone aggregate of the chrysotile mine required by the baking-free brick, wherein the obtained scrubbing, washing and filtering water waste water are used for precipitating starch and dust removing cloth bag fine powder, and roasting the fine powder for 15min at 900 ℃ to convert serpentine into olivine for plastering materials.
Step 3: mixing the refined chrysotile mine serpentine stripped waste rock aggregate obtained in the step 2 with cement, an auxiliary agent and water to obtain a plastic mixture, wherein the weight percentage of the mixture is 58%:22%:1%:19%; wherein the cement adopts 42.5R ordinary Portland cement, and the auxiliary agent is calcined gypsum; the water is well water.
Step 4: and (3) carrying out compression molding on the plastic mixture obtained in the step (3) under 40MPa, and then demolding to obtain the baking-free block blank.
Step 5: conveying the baking-free brick blank obtained in the step 4 to a curing room for stacking, and introducing CO at 240 DEG C 2 Kiln tail gas and water vapor are cured for 36 hours in a curing chamber at 80 ℃. The temperature rising mode of curing is that after the temperature rises slowly (5 ℃/min) for 10min, the temperature rises rapidly (13 ℃/min) to 90 ℃. After curing, a density of 500kg/m was obtained 3 The hollow rate is 45 percent, and the compressive strength is the building block of MU 10.
In conclusion, the baking-free building block with the chrysotile mine stripped waste rock as the aggregate and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the chrysotile mine stripped waste rock is used as the aggregate to prepare the baking-free building block, so that the consumption of natural sand and stone can be effectively saved, and the material range of the baking-free brick is widened; the material composition of the conventional building block can be changed, the sources and the range of the building block materials are expanded, the construction of domestic infrastructure is promoted, and the contradiction of increasing tension of the building materials in the process of town is effectively relieved; besides the performance of the concrete block, the prepared baking-free block has the advantages of good fireproof performance and the like, and has wide application prospect.
Although the invention has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The method for preparing the baking-free building block by taking the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as the aggregate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
crushing, shaping and screening the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone raw material to obtain crude machine-made sand aggregate with granularity smaller than 4.75 mm;
scrubbing, washing, dedusting and filtering the crude machine-made sand aggregate to obtain refined machine-made sand aggregate with the granularity of 4.75 mm-75 mu m;
the refined machine-made sand aggregate, cement, auxiliary agent and water are mixed according to the weight percentage of 55-70 percent: 8-30%: 1-5%: 8-30% of the materials are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a plastic mixture; demolding after compression molding the plastic mixture to obtain a baking-free block blank;
stacking and curing the unfired block blank to obtain an unfired block;
wherein the chrysotile mine is formed by the serpentine effect of superbase rock, and the mineral type of chrysotile is chrysotile fiber produced in a pulse shape; the chrysotile mine stripping waste rock comprises surrounding rock, an interlayer, a rock wall and an earth surface weathering covering layer of a chrysotile mine body, wherein the surrounding rock is one or more of serpentine, slate and changed quartz amphibole, the interlayer is serpentine, and the rock wall is trazite and/or quartz amphibole;
the scrubbing is to remove asbestos fibers exposed from the surfaces of serpentine fragments by adopting a sand scrubbing machine through friction and shearing force stripping, and the washing dust removal is carried out by adopting an industrial water countercurrent flushing method so as to clean asbestos fibers bonded and adsorbed on the surfaces of coarse machine-made sand aggregates until the total amount of solid suspended matters in flushing water is less than 50mg/L;
the auxiliary agent is one or more of calcium oxide, calcined gypsum and reinforcing fiber.
2. The method for preparing baking-free building blocks by taking chrysotile mine stripped waste stones as aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the steps of attribute crushing, shaping and screening are completed in a production workshop with negative pressure, and dust removing devices are arranged at dust producing parts of corresponding crushing equipment, shaping equipment and screening equipment so as to collect dust and realize air standard discharge.
3. The method for preparing the baking-free building block by taking the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as aggregate, which is characterized in that the method collects and clarifies the wastewater generated in the steps of scrubbing, washing, dedusting and water filtering for reuse; and the sediment mud produced by settling and clarifying is dehydrated and dried, and then is placed into a roasting kiln together with the dust and undersize fine powder obtained by sieving, and is roasted at the temperature of 750-1000 ℃ so as to decompose and phase-change serpentine minerals in the sediment mud, thereby forming an olivine-based crystalline phase product which can be used as a plastering material for buildings.
4. The method for preparing the baking-free building block by taking the chrysotile mine stripped waste rock as the aggregate, which is characterized in that the refined machine-made sand aggregate, cement, auxiliary agent and water are mixed according to the weight percentage of 60-65 percent: 15-20%: 2-4%: 10-20% of ingredients are prepared, wherein the auxiliary agent is one or more of calcium oxide, calcined gypsum and reinforcing fiber.
5. The method for preparing the baking-free building block by taking the chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as the aggregate, which is characterized in that the curing is carried out by adopting a water spraying normal temperature or water vapor filling mode, the curing temperature is 20-95 ℃, the temperature rising mode is that the temperature is slowly raised for 5-20 min at 3-5 ℃/min, then the temperature is quickly raised at 10-15 ℃/min, the total curing time is 24-72 h, and the humidity in a curing room is more than 85%.
6. A baking-free block using chrysotile mine stripped waste rock as aggregate, characterized in that the baking-free block is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The baking-free building block using chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as aggregate according to claim 6, wherein the baking-free building block is a hollow building block and has a density of 300-900 kg/m 3 The compression strength grade satisfies MU 2.5-MU 20, and the hollow rate is more than or equal to 25%.
8. The baking-free building block using chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as aggregate according to claim 6, wherein the baking-free building block is a solid building block and has a density of 900-1500 kg/m 3 The compression strength grade meets MU 10-MU 35, and the hollow rate is less than 25%.
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| CN115872688A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-31 | 苏州中材非金属矿工业设计研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing municipal environment-friendly water permeable brick by using black talc mine stripping waste rock and preparation method thereof |
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