CN113376736A - Vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing optical fiber suitable for 6G communication - Google Patents
Vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing optical fiber suitable for 6G communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN113376736A CN113376736A CN202110675532.5A CN202110675532A CN113376736A CN 113376736 A CN113376736 A CN 113376736A CN 202110675532 A CN202110675532 A CN 202110675532A CN 113376736 A CN113376736 A CN 113376736A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/032—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with non solid core or cladding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing optical fiber suitable for 6G communication, which is composed of a fiber core, a cladding and two microbridges in a basic structure. The cladding is a periodic structure and is formed by alternately arranging photosensitive resin layers taking the fiber core as the center and air layers. The core consists essentially of a vortex core and an air core. The vortex core is composed of air holes spirally distributed around the central axis of the optical fiber and a photosensitive resin cladding. Vortex fiber cores in different spiral directions are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the optical fiber core. The microbridges are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the fiber core. The invention can integrate the multiplexing/demultiplexing of orbital angular momentum by vortex optical fiber. Therefore, the optical fiber-based 6G terahertz large-capacity orbital angular momentum communication has a great development prospect in future.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of terahertz orbital angular momentum communication in a 6G frequency band, in particular to a vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing optical fiber suitable for 6G communication.
Background
With the development of the information industry, the demand for large-capacity and high-density data transmission also comes along, and the current optical communication technology cannot be met. In 6G communication, a communication frequency band is in a terahertz wave band. Conventional optical communication multiplexing resources such as amplitude, phase, polarization, wavelength division multiplexing, etc. will saturate in the near future. To solve this problem, introduction of mode multiplexing in optical communication has become a research hotspot. Optical vortices are modes with inherent orbital angular momentum. The orbital angular momentum modes are essentially orthogonal to each other, which can greatly increase the communication capacity. In the past decade, orbital angular momentum development has attracted widespread attention. Two main schemes of orbital angular momentum multiplexing communication are: free space and fiber optic communication.
The free space based orbital angular momentum multiplexing technique is suitable for applications with weak atmospheric turbulence, such as outer space satellite-to-outer space communication. The optical fiber-based orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology is suitable for short-distance communication in complex environments, such as future data center communication. In these installations, optical fiber-based orbital angular momentum communication systems have better stability in turbulent atmospheres than free-space orbital angular momentum communication. However, the lack of compact and efficient orbital angular momentum multiplexing/demultiplexing devices is a big obstacle to the practical application of orbital angular momentum fiber communication.
The vortex fiber can restrain ordinary Gaussian mode terahertz waves in the fiber waveguide to be transmitted along the spiral channel, so that the ordinary Gaussian mode terahertz waves are directly converted into a vortex mode, and shaping is achieved while the vortex terahertz waves are generated. And the vortex optical fiber has the advantages of low loss, good stability, high quality of generated vortex light beams and the like, and has a great development prospect in future 6G terahertz large-capacity orbital angular momentum communication based on the optical fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vortex optical fiber suitable for a 6G communication frequency band to integrate orbital angular momentum multiplexing/demultiplexing, and particularly provides a vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing optical fiber suitable for 6G communication.
The vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing optical fiber suitable for 6G communication is basically composed of a fiber core, a cladding and two microbridges. Wherein, the cladding is a periodic structure and is formed by alternately arranging photosensitive resin layers taking the fiber core as the center and an air layer; the fiber core mainly comprises a vortex fiber core and an air fiber core; the vortex fiber core is composed of air holes and a photosensitive resin cladding which are spirally distributed around the central axis of the optical fiber; the microbridges are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the fiber core.
The fiber core is positioned in the center of the cross section of the optical fiber and is surrounded by the cladding. The vortex fiber cores are positioned in the optical fiber core and symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the optical fiber core. The spiral air holes of the vortex fiber core are arranged in the circumferential array of the cross section of the optical fiber, the spiral direction of the spiral air holes of the vortex fiber core on one side is anticlockwise, and the spiral direction of the spiral air holes of the vortex fiber core on the other side is clockwise. Vortex optical fibers in different spiral directions generate vortex light beams with different topological charge numbers, so that multiplexing/demultiplexing of modes is completed. The air fiber core is connected with the adjacent vortex fiber core in the optical fiber core.
The cladding is of a periodic structure and is formed by alternately arranging circular photosensitive resin layers and circular air layers, namely one photosensitive resin layer and one air layer are alternately arranged around the fiber core.
The microbridges are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the fiber core in the radial direction and connected with the fiber cladding.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the cladding adopts a periodic structure, and can ensure that the terahertz waves can carry out low-loss single-mode transmission in the optical fiber.
2. The vortex fiber cores can generate vortex beams with orbital angular momentum, and the vortex fiber cores capable of generating vortex beams with different topological charge numbers are arranged at two ends of the fiber core of the optical fiber, so that the multiplexing/demultiplexing of the orbital angular momentum is facilitated.
3. The cladding layers are connected by a microbridge, and the terahertz vortex optical fiber used by the invention is easy to prepare by using a 3D printing technology.
4. The invention can integrate the multiplexing/demultiplexing of orbital angular momentum through the vortex optical fiber, thereby having great development prospect in the 6G terahertz large-capacity orbital angular momentum communication based on the optical fiber in the future.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general schematic diagram of a vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing fiber suitable for 6G communication.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing fiber suitable for 6G communications.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing optical fiber suitable for 6G communication.
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of a vortex core.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1-an air layer; 2-a photosensitive resin layer; 3-microbridge; 4-spiral air holes of vortex fiber core; 5-cladding of the vortex core; 6-hollow core.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing optical fiber suitable for 6G communication is basically composed of a fiber core, a cladding and two microbridges, wherein the cladding is of a periodic structure and is formed by alternately arranging photosensitive resin layers and air layers which take the fiber core as the center, the fiber core mainly comprises a vortex fiber core and an air fiber core, the vortex fiber core is composed of air holes and photosensitive resin claddings which are spirally distributed around the central axis of the optical fiber, and the microbridges are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the fiber core.
The fiber core is positioned in the center of the cross section of the optical fiber and is surrounded by the cladding; the number of the vortex fiber cores is 4, the vortex fiber cores are positioned in the optical fiber core and symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the optical fiber core, and the interval between 2 vortex fiber cores on each side is 5 mm. The number of the spiral air holes of the vortex fiber core is 6, the spiral air holes are distributed in the circumferential array of the cross section of the optical fiber, the spiral direction of the spiral air hole of the vortex fiber core on one side is anticlockwise, and the spiral direction of the spiral air hole of the vortex fiber core on the other side is clockwise. The air fiber core is connected with the adjacent vortex fiber core in the fiber core.
The diameter of the fiber core and the diameter of the air fiber core are both 9mm, the height of the vortex fiber core is 10mm, the diameter of the spiral air hole is 2mm, and the diameter of the vortex optical fiber spiral air hole circumferential array is 6 mm.
The total length of the fiber was 100 mm.
The cladding is of a periodic structure and is formed by alternately arranging circular photosensitive resin layers and circular air layers, namely one photosensitive resin layer and one air layer are alternately arranged around the fiber core. The photosensitive resin layer has 4 layers, and the air layer has 3 layers. The thickness of the air layer was 4mm, the thickness of the photosensitive resin layer was 1mm, and the thickness of the outermost photosensitive resin layer was 5 mm. The thickness of the photosensitive resin layer is thinner than that of the air layer, so that manufacturing materials can be saved, and low-loss single-mode transmission of light in the fiber core can be better realized.
The microbridges are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the fiber core in the radial direction and connected with the fiber cladding. The thickness of the microbridge is 0.92 mm.
Terahertz waves are incident from one side of the optical fiber core and enter the vortex fiber core, and then the Gaussian beams are converted into a plurality of vortex beams with different topological charge numbers. After coaxial transmission, these vortex beams are converted back into gaussian-like beams after entering the vortex core at the other end.
The material is prepared by using a 3D printer, a photocuring molding technology is adopted, the adopted molding material is photosensitive resin, and the refractive index of the material at 0.14THz is 1.679.
Claims (4)
1. A vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing optical fiber suitable for 6G communication has the basic structure that: the basic structure of the fiber core-optical fiber is composed of a fiber core, a cladding and two microbridges, wherein the cladding is a periodic structure and is formed by alternately arranging photosensitive resin layers and air layers by taking the fiber core as the center, the fiber core mainly comprises a vortex fiber core and an air fiber core, the vortex fiber core is composed of air holes and photosensitive resin claddings which are spirally distributed around the central axis of the optical fiber, and the microbridges are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the fiber core.
2. The vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing fiber suitable for 6G communication according to claim 1, wherein said core is located at the center of the fiber cross section and surrounded by cladding; the vortex fiber cores are positioned in the optical fiber core and symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the optical fiber core; the spiral air holes of the vortex fiber core are arranged in a circumferential array on the cross section of the optical fiber, the spiral direction of the spiral air hole of the vortex fiber core on one side is anticlockwise, and the spiral direction of the spiral air hole of the vortex fiber core on the other side is clockwise; the air fiber core is connected with the adjacent vortex fiber core in the fiber core.
3. The vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing optical fiber suitable for 6G communication according to claim 1, wherein said cladding layer is a periodic structure consisting of circular photosensitive resin layers and circular air layers alternately arranged.
4. The vortex integrated multiplexing/demultiplexing fiber suitable for 6G communication according to claim 1, wherein said microbridges are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fiber core in radial direction, connecting the fiber cladding.
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