CN110568548B - Multi-core optical fiber with controllable multi-layer fiber core - Google Patents
Multi-core optical fiber with controllable multi-layer fiber core Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02042—Multicore optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-core optical fiber with controllable multi-layer fiber cores, which comprises a plurality of fiber core units and a cladding, wherein the fiber core units are embedded in the cladding, each fiber core unit is of a multi-layer structure comprising t fiber cores, the refractive index difference of each fiber core unit relative to the cladding is delta n, the thickness of each fiber core in each fiber core unit is different, the thickness of each fiber core is am, and t, n and m are positive integers; the cladding section is provided with an optical fiber bundling structure, the optical fiber bundling structure is provided with a plurality of holes matched with the diameters of the fiber core units, and the diameter of the optical fiber bundling structure is the same as that of the cladding; the outer diameter of each fiber core unit is the same, the number of fiber core layers between two adjacent fiber core units is different, and the diameters of fiber cores of the innermost layers of the two adjacent fiber core units are different; the refractive index difference deltan of each core layer in each core unit relative to the cladding layer increases with the increase of n.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber communication, in particular to a multi-core optical fiber with controllable multilayer fiber cores.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of services such as ultra-clear video, cloud computing and 5G, the demand for network bandwidth is increasing. With the evolution and development of the high-speed optical transmission technology of over 100Gbit/s, such as 400Gbit/s and 1Tbit/s, the single-fiber transmission capacity can be further improved by improving the baud rate of the electric signals and introducing high-order modulation formats, such as quadrature amplitude modulation and modes of expanding the C + L band transmission window of the optical fiber. However, the transmission capacity of the single-core optical fiber is rapidly approaching to the physical limit, and in the coming years, the contradiction between the lack of the increase of the transmission capacity of the optical network and the bandwidth hunger of the internet service will lead to bandwidth crisis, which has become an important problem to be solved in the optical communication industry. The multi-core fiber (MCF) based on space division multiplexing can realize the capacity expansion of the optical fiber without increasing the laying space and cost of the optical cable, and can well overcome the limitation of the transmission capacity of the single-mode optical fiber. Meanwhile, the transmission capacity of the multi-core optical fiber can be further improved by improving the modulation format and increasing the effective area of the optical fiber, which will have great influence on future optical transmission systems.
A multicore fiber is an optical fiber in which a plurality of cores are accommodated in the same cladding, and optical signals propagate through the plurality of cores. Recent research results show that multi-core optical fibers have played an important role in the fields of optical fiber communication and optical networks. In the transmission field, a 22-core multi-core optical fiber with the length of 31km based on a double-annular fiber core structure realizes the system transmission capacity of 2.15 Pbit/s; the 12-core multi-core optical fiber with the length of 46km based on the single-ring fiber core structure realizes 14350km transmission of the farthest 26 circles of 105Tbit/s capacity optical signals. In addition, the multi-core optical fiber can be used for developing important optoelectronic devices such as high-performance lasers, amplifiers and couplers required by a large-capacity communication network. Therefore, the research and fabrication of multi-core optical fiber will play a significant role in the development of future high-capacity communication systems.
The inter-core crosstalk, which is the cross interference of optical signals between adjacent channels in the multi-core optical fiber, is the most important factor that limits the transmission capacity of the multi-core optical fiber. To suppress cross-talk between cores, researchers have devised a number of specific fiber configurations, including: trench-assisted, air hole-assisted, etc. The groove-assisted multi-core fiber adopts a low-refractive-index ring surrounding each fiber core, so that energy diffusion is limited. The air hole auxiliary structure utilizes the air hole mode to realize stronger light field limiting capability than the groove structure. However, the addition of the new structure greatly increases the difficulty of manufacturing the multi-core fiber, the design of accommodating a plurality of fiber cores in the limited cladding already increases the manufacturing cost, and if other structures are continuously embedded in the multi-core fiber, the design transmission performance of the multi-core fiber will be affected. Meanwhile, due to the embedding of the groove or air hole structure, the fusion loss between the multi-core fiber and the common single-mode fiber can be increased, and the complexity of a demultiplexing program of a receiving end can also be increased.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to design a multi-core optical fiber with low crosstalk between cores without other auxiliary structures and with a large number of spatial channels to meet the transmission capacity requirement of the space division multiplexing system for the multi-core optical fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
For overcoming the problems of large difficulty in manufacturing multi-core optical fibers and large crosstalk between cores in the prior art, the multi-core optical fiber with controllable multi-layer fiber cores is provided, and is characterized in that: the fiber core unit comprises a plurality of fiber core units and a cladding, wherein the fiber core units are embedded in the cladding, each fiber core unit is of a multilayer structure comprising t fiber cores, the refractive index difference of each fiber core unit relative to the cladding is delta n, the thickness of each fiber core in each fiber core unit is different, the thickness of each fiber core is am, and t, n and m are positive integers; the cladding section is provided with an optical fiber bundling structure, the optical fiber bundling structure is provided with a plurality of holes matched with the diameters of the fiber core units, and the diameter of the optical fiber bundling structure is the same as that of the cladding; the outer diameter of each fiber core unit is the same, the number of fiber core layers between two adjacent fiber core units is different, and the diameters of fiber cores of the innermost layers of the two adjacent fiber core units are different; the refractive index difference deltan of each core layer in each core unit relative to the cladding (01) increases with the increase of n.
Preferably, the plurality of core units are arranged in any central symmetrical format, and the arrangement form is one of a dense symmetrical type, a single ring type, a double ring type and a four-edge type.
By adopting the technical scheme, the plurality of fiber core units are arranged in the cladding at the central symmetrical positions in any form, so that the normal implementation of the multi-core fiber in the subsequent production process is ensured, the stability of the fiber core units in the internal structure of the cladding is ensured, meanwhile, the structure also provides a foundation for the subsequent processing process of the multi-core fiber, and the structural stability of the internal fiber core units is ensured.
Preferably, the thickness am of each layer of the core in each core unit is smaller than that of the cladding, and the thicknesses of the cores of the corresponding layers of each core unit are consistent.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the thickness am of each fibre layer fibre core all is less than the thickness of cladding in the fibre core unit, can let the stable inside fibre core unit of parcel of cladding, and the fibre core thickness that every fibre core unit corresponds the number of piles equals.
Preferably, the refractive index of the cladding is in the range of 1 to 5.
By adopting the technical scheme, the refractive index of the cladding has a large range, the refractive index difference can be generated between the cladding and the multilayer fiber core in the fiber core unit, the stably-changed refractive index difference can be provided in the process that the number of the fiber core layers is continuously increased, and the better anti-interference capability of the multi-core fiber is ensured.
Preferably, the diameter of the cladding layer is in the range of 1nm to 500 μm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the diameter of the cladding is changed in a larger range, and the diameter of the cladding is smaller, so that the number of the core units arranged in the cladding can be adapted.
The invention only adopts the fiber core unit structure with different fiber cores to realize better inter-core crosstalk inhibition capability than other embedded auxiliary structures. In addition, the optical fiber has a large number of transmission channels and a relatively simple core structure design. The arrangement mode of the fiber core units can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the difficulty of position alignment in the process of manufacturing the multi-core optical fiber is avoided. Meanwhile, because no special cladding structure exists, the optical fiber and the common single-mode optical fiber have smaller fusion loss and are convenient to draw and form fiber, can be widely applied to the fields of space division multiplexing optical fiber transmission systems and the like, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multi-core optical fiber with a controllable multi-layer core;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of core elements in a multi-core optical fiber with a controllable multi-layer core.
Reference numerals: the labels in FIG. 1 are as follows: 100. a 1 st core layer; 200. a 2 nd core layer; 300. a 3 rd core layer; 400. a 4 th core layer; 01. and (7) cladding.
The labels in fig. 2 are as follows: 100. a 1 st core layer; 200. a 2 nd core layer; 300. a 3 rd core layer; 110. the thickness of the 1 st fiber core layer; 210. the thickness of the 2 nd layer fiber core; 310. the 3 rd layer core thickness.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: a multi-core optical fiber with controllable multi-layer fiber cores comprises a plurality of fiber core units and a cladding 01, wherein the fiber core units are embedded in the cladding 01, each fiber core unit is of a multi-layer structure comprising t layers of fiber cores, t is 4, and the multi-core optical fiber comprises a 1 st layer of fiber core 100, a 2 nd layer of fiber core 200, a 3 rd layer of fiber core 300 and a 4 th layer of fiber core 400. The refractive index difference of each layer of fiber core relative to the cladding 01 is delta n, wherein n is 1, 2, 3 and 4, the thickness of each layer of fiber core is different, the thickness of each layer of fiber core is am, m is 1, 2 and 3, specifically, the thickness of the 1 st layer of fiber core is 100, the thickness of the 2 nd layer of fiber core is 210, and the thickness of the 3 rd layer of fiber core is 300, an optical fiber bundling structure is arranged on the section of the cladding 01, a plurality of holes matched with the diameters of the fiber core units are arranged on the optical fiber bundling structure, and the diameter of the optical fiber bundling structure is the same as the diameter of the cladding 01.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: the number of the core units is at least one, and the number of the core units is at least two. The multi-core optical fiber is internally provided with at least one fiber core unit, the workload can be reduced, the fiber core units are fixedly installed through the buncher, and for the number of the fiber core units, at least two layers of structures are adopted, and the cross talk among the cores of the multi-core optical fiber with controllable multi-layer fiber cores can be reduced through the difference between the refractive indexes of each layer of the structure relative to the cladding 01.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: the fiber core units are arranged in a central symmetrical format in any form, and the arrangement form is one of dense symmetry type, single ring type, double ring type and four-edge type. The fiber core units are arranged in the cladding 01 at centrosymmetric positions in any form, so that the normal implementation of the multi-core fiber in the subsequent production process is ensured, the stability of the fiber core units in the internal structure of the cladding 01 is ensured, and meanwhile, the structure also provides a foundation for the subsequent processing process of the multi-core fiber and ensures the structural stability of the internal fiber core units.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: the fiber core units are not in contact with each other, the fiber core units are uniformly distributed in the cladding 01, and the connecting position between the fiber cores of all layers in the fiber core units is of a vacuum structure. The fiber core units are not in contact with each other, the fiber core units are uniformly distributed in the cladding 01, and the design of a vacuum structure is adopted among the fiber cores of all layers in the fiber core units, so that the fiber cores of all layers in the fiber core units are connected in a vacuum manner, and the fiber core units have good connection tightness.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: the outer diameters of the fiber core units are the same, the number of layers between every two adjacent fiber core units is different, and the diameters of fiber cores of the innermost layers of the two adjacent fiber core units are different. Each fiber core unit has the same external dimension, and the distribution in the cladding 01 is uniform, so that the same external fiber core can be prepared in the manufacturing process, the batch production is convenient, and the production efficiency is improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: a multi-core optical fiber with controllable multi-layer fiber cores comprises a plurality of fiber core units and a cladding 01, wherein the fiber core units are embedded in the cladding 01, each fiber core unit is of a multi-layer structure comprising t layers of fiber cores, t is 4, and the multi-core optical fiber comprises a 1 st layer of fiber core 100, a 2 nd layer of fiber core 200, a 3 rd layer of fiber core 300 and a 4 th layer of fiber core 400. The refractive index difference of each layer of fiber core relative to the cladding 01 is delta n, wherein n is 1, 2, 3 and 4, the thickness of each layer of fiber core is different, the thickness of each layer of fiber core is am, m is 1, 2 and 3, specifically, the thickness of the 1 st layer of fiber core is 100, the thickness of the 2 nd layer of fiber core is 210, and the thickness of the 3 rd layer of fiber core is 300, an optical fiber bundling structure is arranged on the section of the cladding 01, a plurality of holes matched with the diameters of the fiber core units are arranged on the optical fiber bundling structure, and the diameter of the optical fiber bundling structure is the same as the diameter of the cladding 01.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: the refractive index difference Δ n of each core in each core unit with respect to the cladding 01 is different, and Δ n increases with an increase in n. The refractive index difference increases with the number of layers of the fiber cores of each layer, and the refractive index difference relative to the cladding 01 is larger with the number of layers of the fiber cores of each layer, so that the anti-interference capability among the cores is better.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: the thickness am of each layer of fiber core in the fiber core units is different and is smaller than the thickness of the cladding 01, and the thickness of the fiber core of the corresponding layer number of each fiber core unit is consistent. The thickness am of each layer of fiber core in the fiber core unit is smaller than that of the cladding 01, so that the cladding 01 can stably wrap the inner fiber core unit.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: cladding 01 has a refractive index in the range of 1-5. The refractive index of the cladding 01 has a large range, and can generate a refractive index difference with a multilayer fiber core in the fiber core unit, and a stably-changed refractive index difference can be provided in the process that the number of the fiber core layers is continuously increased, so that better anti-interference capability of the multi-core fiber is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: the cladding 01 has a diameter in the range of 1nm to 500 μm. The diameter of the cladding 01 varies over a large range, while the diameter of the cladding 01 is of a smaller size, able to accommodate the number of core elements provided inside.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: gaps are arranged at the joints of all fiber cores of the fiber core units, and the gaps are all vacuum. The fiber cores of all layers of the fiber core unit are tightly connected, generally, an integral connection mode is adopted, the fiber cores of all layers are tightly connected, and a vacuum part is pumped at a position where a gap is generated between the fiber cores of all layers, so that the tightness of gas connection is ensured.
While the foregoing description shows and describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the inventive concept as described herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A multi-core optical fiber having a controllable multi-layer core, comprising: the fiber core comprises a plurality of fiber core units and a cladding (01), wherein the fiber core units are embedded in the cladding (01), each fiber core unit is of a multilayer structure comprising t fiber cores, the refractive index difference of each fiber core unit relative to the cladding (01) is delta n, the thickness of each fiber core in each fiber core unit is different, the thickness of each fiber core is am, and t, n and m are positive integers; an optical fiber bundling structure is arranged on the section of the cladding (01), a plurality of holes matched with the diameters of the fiber core units are formed in the optical fiber bundling structure, and the diameter of the optical fiber bundling structure is the same as that of the cladding (01); the outer diameter of each fiber core unit is the same, the number of fiber core layers between two adjacent fiber core units is different, and the diameters of fiber cores of the innermost layers of the two adjacent fiber core units are different; the refractive index difference deltan of each core layer in each core unit relative to the cladding (01) increases with the increase of n.
2. A multi-core optical fiber with a controllable multi-layer core as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fiber core units are arranged in a central symmetrical format in any form, and the arrangement form is one of dense symmetry, single ring, double ring and four-edge.
3. A multi-core optical fiber with a controllable multi-layer core as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness am of each layer of fiber core in each fiber core unit is smaller than that of the cladding (01), and the thickness of the fiber core of the corresponding layer number of each fiber core unit is consistent.
4. A multi-core optical fiber with a controllable multi-layer core as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the refractive index of the cladding (01) ranges from 1 to 5.
5. A multi-core optical fiber with a controllable multi-layer core as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the cladding (01) ranges between 1nm and 500 μm.
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| CN111897046A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-11-06 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Multi-core optical fiber convenient to identify and butt joint |
| CN112198586B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-11-19 | 北京邮电大学 | Multi-core optical fiber |
| CN114384653B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2024-03-19 | 中天宽带技术有限公司 | Silicon optical module based on heterogeneous multi-core optical fiber |
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| WO2011114795A1 (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2011-09-22 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Multi-core optical fibre and production method for same |
| CN103814312A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2014-05-21 | 株式会社藤仓 | Multi-core fiber used for communications |
| CN108474903A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2018-08-31 | 株式会社藤仓 | Multi-core optical fiber |
| CN109283613A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-01-29 | 北京交通大学 | Crosstalk multi-core optical fiber between a kind of low core |
| CN110109219A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-08-09 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | A kind of low crosstalk weak coupling space division multiplexing optical fiber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2011114795A1 (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2011-09-22 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Multi-core optical fibre and production method for same |
| CN103814312A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2014-05-21 | 株式会社藤仓 | Multi-core fiber used for communications |
| CN108474903A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2018-08-31 | 株式会社藤仓 | Multi-core optical fiber |
| CN109283613A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-01-29 | 北京交通大学 | Crosstalk multi-core optical fiber between a kind of low core |
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Address after: No. 219, Beihai West Road, Haimen Street, Haimen District, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province 226199 Patentee after: Jiangsu Sterlite Tongguang Fiber Co.,Ltd. Address before: 226100 219 Beihai West Road, Haimen City, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: JIANGSU STERLITE TONGGUANG FIBER Co.,Ltd. |