CN113374142A - Construction method of ribbed floor slab gypsum mold box - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for constructing a gypsum mould box of a multi-ribbed floor slab, which uses a template support system of a beamless floor slab as a foundation, and uses the mould box installation and the reinforcing steel bar installation to be mutually matched, and uses the gypsum mould box produced by using phosphate fertilizer waste residue as a raw material to replace the combined steel mould, the wood mould installation or the existing wooden, plastic and glass steel mould box construction, thereby completing the formwork and reinforcing steel bar installation engineering. The formwork support system adopted by the invention is a common reinforced concrete cast-in-place floor formwork system, and the formwork is tiled without cutting, has multiple turnover times and saves materials; has no special requirements for constructors and machines. The organization and the process such as the die box installation and the steel bar operation are subdivided, a special hanging bracket and a special tray are designed by matching with the tower crane, and a special tool is used for binding ribs at the bottom of the ribs, so that the operation is simpler and more convenient, and the device is safe and reliable and has high work efficiency.

Description

Construction method of ribbed floor slab gypsum mold box

Technical Field

The invention relates to a construction method of a gypsum mold box of a ribbed floor slab, belonging to the technical field of construction of constructional engineering.

Background

The gypsum mold box is a hollow web filling material prepared by adopting paste powder processed by industrial by-products of gypsum such as flue gas desulfurization gypsum, phosphogypsum and the like of a power plant as a raw material, and is a substitute product of common hollow web filling materials such as thin-walled tubes, cement cover boxes and the like which are researched and developed in recent years. The gypsum mould box is also a novel, light and environment-friendly hollow material for the beamless floor slab, and is buried in the cast-in-place concrete floor slab to form the hollow floor slab, so that the composite floor slab with high bearing capacity and high performance is constructed, a large amount of reinforced concrete materials are saved, and the excellent characteristics of gypsum are kept in the floor slab.

In the prior art, the invention patent with publication number CN106760112A discloses a gypsum mold box and a special production line for manufacturing the gypsum mold box, the gypsum mold box comprises a first body and a second body, the first body and the second body are both configured into a box shape with one end open, the end part of the side wall of the first body forming the opening is set as a convex opening, the end part of the side wall of the second body forming the opening is set as a concave opening, the convex opening is matched with the concave opening, and the first body and the second body are assembled together when the convex opening is inserted into the concave opening. The gypsum mold box does not need adhesive when being assembled, and has higher bonding strength. The utility model discloses a utility model for CN209384485U discloses a building gypsum diaphragm capsule for pouring floor, including the iron support that is used for the fashioned gypsum diaphragm capsule of waiting to pour of floor and is used for this gypsum diaphragm capsule location, be equipped with the cavity in the gypsum diaphragm capsule, the gypsum diaphragm capsule is provided with vertically and horizontally staggered's strengthening rib at the roof of cavity, the surface of gypsum diaphragm capsule be equipped with a plurality of recesses that the support is corresponding, gypsum diaphragm capsule bottom are provided with and are used for the control to pour this scheme of cushion of thickness because the recess cooperation iron support of gypsum diaphragm capsule fixes a position the gypsum diaphragm capsule, make it have anti superficial, prevent the technological effect of drifting.

However, the application of the gypsum mold box to the ribbed floor slab can cause some technical problems, and the gypsum mold box is mainly used as a mold plate-mold box which is necessary to be used for the ribbed floor slab in the construction process and has the particularity of difficult disassembly; the construction cost of the steel mold box is too high; the construction is carried out by adopting a common wooden mold box, after the structure is provided with one-two layers, the structure is basically broken, and the turnover rate is almost zero; however, although the pneumatic dismantling process is successful, the existing plastic and glass fiber reinforced plastic mold box still has the problems of easy deformation, large loss, high manufacturing cost and the like, so that a construction bottleneck is formed, and the method is a main reason for restricting the popularization and application of the ribbed floor slab.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a method for constructing a multi-ribbed floor slab gypsum mould box for solving the problems in the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

a gypsum mould box construction method for ribbed floor slab features that the mould supporting body of beam-less floor slab is used as foundation, the mould box is installed to match with the reinforcing steel bar, and the waste dregs of phosphate fertilizer are used as raw material to replace the installed mould of combined steel mould, wooden mould or wooden, plastic or glass fibre reinforced plastic mould box, so completing the erection of mould and reinforcing steel bar.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of formwork support → installation of bottom ribs of elastic line ribs → embedding of water and electricity pipelines → installation of a formwork box for pulling lines → installation of plate surface ribs → erection of rib ribs → formwork box, acceptance of steel bars → wetting of water spraying → concrete pouring.

The formwork support system comprises a steel frame small steel formwork system formwork, a steel frame bamboo plywood mixed system formwork and a door-shaped frame shaping steel formwork combined bench formwork system formwork.

Further, the installation of the elastic wire rib bottom rib comprises the following steps: according to the common structural design, 1-5 rib plates, rib bottom ribs and frame vertical ribs are respectively arranged on the plate cross-longitudinal and transverse direction at 4-9m, and vertical distribution ribs are arranged; and (4) ejecting the longitudinal and transverse center lines of the ribs by using an ink fountain according to the designed size on the supported flat template, and binding by using the ink lines as reference reinforcing steel bars. Binding rib bottom reinforcements from the middle of each two-way plate to the four peripheral directions of the plate by taking each two-way plate as a unit plate, binding the rib bottom reinforcements according to the sequence of binding rib cross nodes firstly and then binding the middle parts of the ribs, and installing binding frame beam reinforcements at the same time; arranging a cushion block; and correcting the position of the steel bar by referring to the ink line in the construction process.

Further, the pre-embedding of the water and electricity conduit comprises the following steps: binding a conduit with the diameter of more than or equal to 32mm at the middle lower part of the rib, and burying the conduit with the diameter of less than or equal to 20mm in a floor slab at the top of the rib beam; and drilling and laying the middle part of the die box installed in the next step for the pipelines folded excessively.

Further, the aforementioned mold box installation includes the following steps: building a stacking platform on each unit plate; wherein, a runway from a discharge port to a stockpiling platform is erected by using a lift project; in the engineering of using the tower crane, a special hanger tray is adopted to hoist the mold box to the stacking platform, so that enough hoisting operation space is provided; manually carrying the material from the stacking platform to the mounting position block by block, mounting the material in the rib bottom rib grids which are bound, and directly placing the mold box on the mold plate; controlling and installing longitudinal and transverse stay wires from the side row; installing rib ribs and binding frame vertical ribs, wherein the finished rib surface ribs are higher than the plate surface ribs and the frame vertical ribs and rib bottom ribs are bound; repairing and adjusting the damaged and dislocated mould box in the installation stage of the plate surface reinforcing steel bar; mounting a gluten cushion block on the plate; washing the die box and the die plate surface with water, removing residues through a cleaning opening, and fully wetting the die box; and closing the cleaning opening after completion.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:

the invention adopts the embedded (BZS) glass fiber reinforced mold box produced by the phosphogypsum product to solve the technical and economic problems of strength, weight, cost and the like of the mold box, wherein the embedded gypsum mold box completely avoids the prior disassembly and assembly process, the construction is simple, convenient and quick, and the gypsum mold box is extracted and manufactured by using phosphorus waste residues, thereby being economic and environment-friendly; the construction bottleneck formed by the prior detachable mould box is thoroughly solved, and the ribbed floor slab is certainly popularized and applied practically again.

Compared with the prior art, the formwork support system adopted by the invention is a common reinforced concrete cast-in-place floor formwork system, and the formwork is tiled, has no cutting, has multiple turnover times and saves materials; has no special requirements for constructors and machines. The organization and the process such as the die box installation and the steel bar operation are subdivided, a special hanging bracket and a special tray are designed by matching with the tower crane, and a special tool is used for binding ribs at the bottom of the ribs, so that the operation is simpler and more convenient, and the device is safe and reliable and has high work efficiency. In addition, the novel phosphogypsum mould box is produced by using the waste residue of the phosphate fertilizer as the main raw material, so that the product is environment-friendly and has low cost, and the social benefit and the engineering economic benefit are obvious after the novel phosphogypsum mould box is used.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view showing the construction of the installation of the plaster mold box of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the reinforcement bar of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the inventive tie bar connection;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the mold box installation of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the rib installation of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a mold box of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1-gypsum mould box, 2-rib bottom rib, 3-erection rib, 4-plate rib, 5-rib, 6-frame beam, 7-embedded pipe I, 8-embedded pipe II, 9-reinforcing bar head or bamboo stick, 10-upper mould box and 11-lower mould box.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The gypsum mold box construction method for the ribbed floor slab is suitable for the ribbed floor slab of a single-layer, multi-layer and high-rise building, and is designed to be used for the embedded type mold box ribbed slab construction with the rib spacing of 600 mm and the rib height within the range of 500 mm. It is suitable for the construction of the related built-in module hollow floor slab.

The principle is as follows: the formwork support system of the beamless floor slab is used as a foundation, the formwork installation and the reinforcing steel bar installation are mutually matched, and the gypsum formwork 1 produced by using phosphate fertilizer waste residue as a raw material is installed to replace a combined steel mould, a wood formwork or the existing wooden, plastic and glass fiber reinforced plastic formwork construction, so that the formwork and reinforcing steel bar installation engineering is completed.

The process flow diagram of the present invention is shown in figure 1.

The specific implementation process is as follows:

supporting the template: according to the concrete condition, various forms of templates can be adopted, such as a steel frame small steel template system template, a steel frame bamboo plywood mixed system template, a door-shaped frame shaping steel template combined bench formwork system template and the like, a layer of flat template is installed at the rib bottom of the ribbed plate, and the construction method is the same as that of a common flat template. The distance between the inner formwork and the vertical rods of the steel pipe frame supported by the inner formwork with the column distance of 6m is within 1.0m, and a structure with the column distance larger than 6m is additionally checked and calculated for a formwork system, including checking and calculating the strength and deflection of the formwork and the formwork support. The key point is that a cleaning port is reserved in each unit plate; the construction of the working procedure has no special requirements, and the construction can be finished by using common machines and tools for building and woodworking.

And (3) rib bottom reinforcing steel bar installation: according to the common structural design, the plate spans 1 to 5 dense rib plates with the longitudinal and transverse directions of 4 to 9m, rib bottom ribs 2 and erection ribs 3, and vertically distributed ribs and the like are arranged as a dense rib plate reinforcement distribution diagram and a rib schematic diagram 5 to 1. And ejecting the longitudinal and transverse center lines of the ribs by using an ink fountain according to the designed size on the supported flat template, and beginning to bind the reinforcing steel bars by taking the ink lines as the reference.

Taking each two-way plate as a unit plate (as shown in figure 5), binding rib bottom reinforcements from the middle of the plate to the four peripheral directions, and taking care that the rib bottom reinforcements 2 are bound from any point randomly according to the sequence of binding rib cross nodes first and then binding rib middle parts, namely the rib bottom reinforcements 2 shown in figures 3 and 4, and simultaneously installing and binding frame beam 6 reinforcements; arranging a cushion block; the operation key points are that the positions of the steel bars are corrected by referring to the ink lines at any time in the construction process, and workers are matched with each other in the binding process, so that the phenomena of arching, dislocation and distortion of the steel bars are avoided; embedding a water and electricity wire pipe: the line pipe with the diameter more than or equal to 32 is bound at the middle lower part of the rib, namely the embedded pipe II 8, and the line pipe with the diameter less than or equal to 20 is embedded in the floor slab at the top of the rib beam, namely the embedded pipe I7; the pipe with excessive turning can be drilled and laid in the middle of the next installed mould box, as shown in figure 6.

Installing a mold box: building a stacking platform on each unit plate; wherein, in the engineering of using the hoister, a runway from a discharge hole to a stockpiling platform is erected; in the engineering of using the tower crane, a special hanger tray is applied to hoist the mold box to the stockpiling platform, so that enough hoisting operation space is provided; manually carrying the materials block by block from the stacking platform to the mounting position, mounting the materials in the 2 lattices of the banded rib bottom ribs, and directly placing the mold box on the mold plate; the construction key points are as follows: the longitudinal and transverse stay wires are used for controlling installation from the side row.

The erection bars 3, the rib face bars 5 and the face bars are installed: installing the plate ribs according to design requirements; installing rib gluten 5 according to the figure 2 and binding a frame vertical rib 3, wherein the construction requirement is the same as that of the installation of an upper rib bottom rib 2; the key points are that the finished rib surface ribs 5 are higher than the plate surface ribs 4, and special tools are used for binding the frame vertical ribs 3 and the rib bottom ribs 2.

Concrete pouring preparation: adjusting a mold box: repairing and adjusting the damaged and dislocated mould box in the installation stage of the plate surface reinforcing steel bar; mounting 4 cushion blocks of the gluten; washing the die box and the die plate surface with water, removing residues through a cleaning opening, and fully wetting the die box; and closing the cleaning opening after completion.

Ardealite die box: the production line is simple and convenient, each production line occupies 50 square meters, 6 workers continuously work in 24-hour shift, and 200 sets of mold boxes can be produced every day, so that the production line is suitable for organizing, processing and producing in a construction site. But the newly made mold box needs to be naturally placed for 2-3 days under the condition of avoiding water, and can be used after the phosphogypsum completely reaches the strength; the overall dimension of the ardealite mould box can be 900mm in length and width and 400mm in height, and the dry weight of each set after forming reaches 40-55 kg; the profile is as shown in figure 7, the strength requirements for the gypsum mould boxes 1, and the upper surface of each box is subjected to a pressure of 3.8 Kpa.

Concrete: the required strength grade is more than or equal to C25, the slump is more than or equal to 120 mm, and the grain diameter of the used stones is less than or equal to 30 mm. When the concrete is vibrated, different vibrating rods are selected according to the different widths of the plate ribs, and the diameter of each vibrating rod is 20-40 mm smaller than the width of each plate rib. Construction is strictly carried out according to construction operation rules during vibration, the compactness of the bottom and the ribs of the plate is guaranteed, the vibrating rod is absolutely forbidden to stay clamped on the reinforcing steel bars and the die box for continuous vibration, and the die box is prevented from being vibrated to break and shift.

The plaster mold box 1 must have a factory certification and be usable. The quality requirements of the steel bar manufacturing, the steel bar installation and the template installation meet the construction specification.

And (3) preventing the whole die box from shifting: 8-10 material supporting pipes are used for each unit plate, a row of 10-15cm steel bars are welded on the pipes, two steel bars in each group are welded into a wedge shape, the distance between each group is the same as that between the mold boxes, after the mold boxes are installed and adjusted, the mold boxes are clamped longitudinally and transversely by the pipes, and the pipes are gradually removed and installed forwards in a progressive mode in the pouring process.

Measures for preventing the mould boxes from being misplaced up and down: as shown in figure 2, the upper die box 10 and the lower die box 11 are arranged in an overlapped mode during die box installation, after die box installation and adjustment are completed, holes are drilled in the diagonal edges of each die box, reinforcing steel bar heads or bamboo sticks 9 are placed in the holes to serve as fixing pins, as shown in figure 7, the depth of the holes of the lower die box 11 is guaranteed to be 3cm, and the bottoms of the fixing pins fall into the lower die box 11.

And (3) damage treatment of the mold box: replacing the damaged die box arranged on the plate rib; the mould box after rib plates and ribs are installed is damaged, and processing is carried out according to the damage degree; placing a three-ply board into a hole with local damage, namely a diameter smaller than 20cm to form a hanging die, and mixing raw material powder for producing a die box with water for filling; and for the die box with the hole with the diameter of more than 30cm in damage, the plate gluten 4 is removed and replaced.

The phosphogypsum mould box 1 adopted by the invention is compared with a combined steel template in construction and installation: the phosphogypsum mould box is used as an internal mould of the ribbed beam plate, and a layer of common flat mould is only needed to be erected before installation so as to assist the installation of the phosphogypsum mould box. The flat die material can be selected to combine a steel die, a wood die, a bamboo plywood and the like, according to the actual engineering situation, the requirements of formwork supporting strength and economy are met, the gypsum die box 1 is not detached after being installed, and the construction process can be completed only by detaching the flat die and the frame. The economic benefit analysis result is as follows: the quality is as follows: the measurement paying-off and template installation construction which are difficult to control for the ribbed beam plate are changed into flat plate construction, so that the engineering construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction quality is improved; the construction period is short: the construction process is easy to operate, the project progress is correspondingly accelerated, and the construction period is shortened. The construction installation area of the flat template is only one third of that of the internal template of the multi-ribbed beam slab, and the installation of the gypsum mold box 1 can shorten the construction period of the part by 25 percent; the cost is as follows: according to the calculation of the construction process, the construction cost of the gypsum mold box 1 is 33.51 percent lower than that of the construction and installation of the combined steel template.

Compared with the detachable plastic glass fiber reinforced plastic mold box: the average finished product of the plastic glass fiber reinforced plastic mold box is 240 yuan/piece, the labor for installation and disassembly and 20 percent of loss are calculated according to 15 times of turnover, the comprehensive cost of each mold box reaches 40-45 yuan/piece, and the gypsum mold box is 1 yuan/piece and is not disassembled; especially in the multi-storey and about 12-storey small high-rise buildings, the economic benefit of the engineering construction is very outstanding;

compared with a wooden mold box: the wood is saved by 95%, the labor cost is saved by 60%, and the construction period is saved by 40%;

the gypsum mold box 1 is a product produced by taking phosphate fertilizer waste residue as a raw material, belongs to the field of renewable resource utilization, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and saves a large amount of capital and land for treating the phosphate fertilizer waste residue for the society; the close cavity formed by the mould box of the ribbed floor slab constructed by the method has the functions of heat preservation, heat insulation and sound insulation. The floor slab has the advantages of flat and attractive bottom, convenience in decoration, no need of suspended ceiling, reduction in structural design layer height, improvement in space and reduction in decoration cost of vertical water, electricity, wind and internal and external walls. Because of the closed cavity technology of the floor slab, the transmission of floor noise is greatly reduced, the transmission of impact noise between floors is overcome, and the sound insulation effect of the floor slab is improved by 10-20 decibels. The closed cavity structure also greatly reduces the heat transfer, and obviously improves the heat insulation and heat preservation performance.

Example 1:

plain dam county silver star plaza project: in the city of Ping dam county and county of Guizhou province, the plaster mold box 1 is applied to two-layer undaria; the building face is 5500 square meters, the layer height is 4.2m, when one layer is constructed at the bottom of 10 months in 2005, the working procedure lapping, the labor organization and the like are not mature enough, when two layers are constructed in the last ten days of 11 months, the construction organization is greatly improved, the engineering quality and the progress are greatly improved, the quality is qualified after the completion through evaluation, and the space of the building has the effect like that after a ceiling.

Example 2:

flat dam county summer cloud farmer market office building engineering: in summer cloud towns in the plain dam county of Guizhou province, farmer market office buildings, the area is 16000 square meters, the layer height is 4.2m, the gypsum mold box 1 is generally applied to each layer structure, the construction of the first-layer structure and the second-layer structure of the construction is carried out, the construction method is basically mature, and after the construction method is applied to the construction of the three-six layer structure, the comprehensive benefit is completely reflected.

Example 3:

guizhou province environmental protection science and technology garden engineering: the gypsum mold box 1 is generally applied to each layer of structure, works are started at the bottom of 3 months in 2007, and the project is completed and accepted in 12 months in 2008. Due to the application of the method, the construction period is about one month ahead, the construction engineering cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is obvious. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A method for constructing gypsum mould box of ribbed floor slab features that the mould supporting body of beam-less floor slab is used as foundation, the mould box is installed to match with the reinforcing steel bar, and the waste dregs of phosphate fertilizer are used as raw material to produce gypsum mould box (1) instead of steel mould, wood mould or wooden, plastic and glass fibre reinforced plastic mould box.

2. The method of constructing a multi-ribbed floor slab form as claimed in claim 1, including the steps of: the method comprises the steps of formwork support → installation of elastic line rib bottom ribs → embedding of water and electricity pipelines → installation of pull lines and a formwork box → installation of plate gluten (4) → erection of rib gluten (5) → formwork box, acceptance of steel bars → wetting of water spraying → concrete pouring.

3. A method of constructing a multi-ribbed floor slab form (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that: the template supporting system comprises a steel frame small steel template system template, a steel frame bamboo plywood mixed system template and a door-shaped frame shaping steel template combined bench template system template.

4. The method of constructing a multi-ribbed floor slab form box according to claim 2, wherein: the installation of the elastic wire rib bottom rib comprises the following steps: according to the common structural design, 1-5 rib plates with the cross longitudinal and transverse widths of 4-9m, rib bottom ribs (2) and erection ribs (3) are respectively configured, and vertical distribution ribs are configured; and (4) ejecting the longitudinal and transverse center lines of the ribs by using an ink fountain according to the designed size on the supported flat template, and binding by using the ink lines as reference reinforcing steel bars.

5. The method of constructing a multi-ribbed floor slab form box according to claim 4, wherein: binding rib bottom reinforcements from the middle of each two-way plate to the four peripheral directions of the plate by taking each two-way plate as a unit plate, binding the rib bottom reinforcements (2) according to the sequence of binding rib cross nodes firstly and then binding the middle parts of the ribs, and installing reinforcement of a binding frame beam (6); arranging a cushion block; and correcting the position of the steel bar by referring to the ink line in the construction process.

6. The method of constructing a multi-ribbed floor slab form box according to claim 2, wherein: the water and electricity wire pipe embedding method comprises the following steps: binding a conduit with the diameter of more than or equal to 32mm at the middle lower part of the rib, and burying the conduit with the diameter of less than or equal to 20mm in a floor slab at the top of the rib beam; and drilling and laying the middle part of the die box installed in the next step for the pipelines folded excessively.

7. The method of constructing a multi-ribbed floor slab form box according to claim 2, wherein: the die box installation comprises the following steps: building a stacking platform on each unit plate; wherein, a runway from a discharge port to a stockpiling platform is erected by using a lift project; in the engineering of using the tower crane, a special hanger tray is adopted to hoist the mold box to the stacking platform, so that enough hoisting operation space is provided; manually carrying the materials block by block from the stacking platform to an installation position, installing the materials in the bound rib bottom rib (2) grids, and directly placing the mold box on the template; controlling and installing longitudinal and transverse stay wires from the side row; installing rib gluten (5) and binding a frame vertical rib (3), wherein the finished rib surface rib (5) is higher than the plate gluten (4), and binding the frame vertical rib (3) and a rib bottom rib (2); repairing and adjusting the damaged and dislocated mould box in the installation stage of the plate surface reinforcing steel bar; mounting a gluten (4) cushion block of the plate; washing the die box and the die plate surface with water, removing residues through a cleaning opening, and fully wetting the die box; and closing the cleaning opening after completion.

Images