CN111321885B - Construction method of special-shaped template reinforced concrete curved overflow surface - Google Patents
Construction method of special-shaped template reinforced concrete curved overflow surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN111321885B CN111321885B CN202010176605.1A CN202010176605A CN111321885B CN 111321885 B CN111321885 B CN 111321885B CN 202010176605 A CN202010176605 A CN 202010176605A CN 111321885 B CN111321885 B CN 111321885B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower construction, and discloses a construction method of a special-shaped template reinforced concrete curved overflow surface, wherein the overflow surface is poured in a plurality of continuous bin bodies; the method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a special-shaped template; installing templates and water stops at two sides of the bin body where the overflow surface is positioned; binding overflow surface steel bars on the basis of the bin body, wherein a steel bar bending curve is an overflow curve; fixing special-shaped templates on two sides of the bin body; leveling an overflow surface to be poured; pouring overflow surface concrete among the special-shaped templates in a layered mode, and pouring overflow surface steel bars into the concrete; and (5) performing plastering forming and maintenance on the overflow surface. Under the condition of limited construction conditions, a common wood template can be utilized to process the special-shaped wood template which can be simply, efficiently and cost-reducing and efficiency-improving, the cost is saved under the condition of ensuring the engineering quality, the efficient construction is realized, and the engineering quality in the slip form construction is also achieved; the special-shaped wood template is convenient to manufacture and can be recycled for use for many times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower construction, and particularly relates to a construction method of a special-shaped template reinforced concrete curved overflow surface.
Background
The traditional overflow surface pouring process in China is slip form construction, the slip form construction speed is high, the quality is reliable, but due to the technical condition limitation of some foreign countries, the slip form construction of the overflow surface is difficult to realize due to structural design, and the investment cost is greatly increased. Therefore, a simple construction method can be adopted, the shape and the elevation of the overflow surface are controlled by using the special-shaped template, and the method of pouring the overflow surface in different bins is adopted, so that the construction cost can be greatly saved on the premise of ensuring the quality and the progress.
In the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, the construction difficulty of a curved overflow surface is high, the construction of a special structure part is required, the surface of the overflow surface is smooth and smooth, the overflow surface is formed in one step, the quality problems of pitted surfaces, holes, rib leakage and the like are avoided, and the elevation requirement is accurate. The slip-form construction method is generally adopted in China, the noodle can be formed efficiently, and the method is simple and convenient. However, the method considers that the local overall technical conditions of some foreign countries are laggard, corresponding slip form equipment cannot be purchased, the construction cost can be increased by purchasing the slip form equipment from China, and the effect of achieving twice the result with half the effort cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a construction method of a special-shaped template reinforced concrete curved overflow surface for solving the technical problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a construction method of a special-shaped template reinforced concrete curved overflow surface is characterized in that the overflow surface is poured in a plurality of continuous bin bodies; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a special-shaped template;
s2, installing templates and water stops at two sides of the bin body where the overflow surface is located;
s3, binding overflow surface steel bars on the basis of the bin body, wherein the bending curve of the steel bars is an overflow curve;
s4, fixing special-shaped templates on two sides of the bin body;
s5, leveling an overflow surface to be poured;
s6, pouring overflow surface concrete among the special-shaped templates in a layered mode, and pouring overflow surface steel bars in the S3 into the concrete;
and S7, performing surface plastering forming and maintenance on the overflow surface.
Further, the method for manufacturing the special-shaped template in the S1 comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of equally dividing the length of an overflow curve, taking a plurality of coordinate points, guiding all the coordinate points into a total station, then using the total station to emit a first coordinate point at a horizontal position to determine an initial position, lofting the curve coordinate points of an overflow surface onto a template through the total station, marking the template, fixedly connecting unit templates forming a special-shaped template into a whole, and then cutting along a curve formed by the coordinate points, so that the special-shaped template covering the whole overflow curve is formed.
Furthermore, the whole special-shaped template is fixed into a whole by upper and lower layers of square wood and steel nails with certain specifications.
Further, the method for binding the overflow surface steel bars in the S3 comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of lofting two rows of steel bar shape control points on a flat concrete ground by using a total station, embedding positioning round bars at the control points, clamping the steel bars between the two rows of round bars to be bent on site, and binding the steel bars at equal intervals to form a curved steel bar surface, wherein the distance between the two rows of round bars is slightly larger than the diameter of the steel bars.
Furthermore, in S4, the elevation of the overflow curved surface is accurately marked on two sides of the single bin body through the level gauge, and then the special-shaped template is fixed by being compared with the elevation point, so that the elevation of the overflow surface is marked.
Further, S5 is that after the special-shaped templates are fixed, according to the concrete pouring sequence, horizontal leveling lines are hung between the special-shaped templates at the two ends of the overflow surface bin body, and the planes where the leveling lines are located need to be tangent to the overflow curves at the two sides of the bin body, so that the overflow surface to be poured is leveled.
And further S6, pouring the overflow surface in sections and blocks, wherein a concrete tank truck is matched with a crane and a hanging tank, a rabbet construction joint is reserved after each layer of pouring is finished, roughening treatment is needed after the concrete strength meets the requirement, and then the next layer of concrete is poured.
Furthermore, the overflow surfaces of the bin bodies are poured by adopting a bin jumping method.
Further, S7, manual plastering treatment is carried out according to the elevations of the curve line and the hanging line of the special-shaped template, and maintenance is carried out immediately after plastering formation; the difference between the central temperature and the surface temperature of the concrete is not more than 25 ℃, the difference between the surface temperature of the concrete and the atmospheric temperature is not more than 20 ℃, the curing time is controlled to be 14 or 21 days, and the wetting curing time in the high-temperature period is not less than 28 days.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the construction method of the invention adopts the special-shaped template to replace slip-form construction, and can utilize common wooden templates in construction sites to process the special-shaped wooden template which can be simply, efficiently, cost-reducing and efficiency-improving under the condition of limited construction conditions, thereby saving the cost and efficiently constructing under the condition of ensuring the engineering quality and also achieving the engineering quality during slip-form construction; the special-shaped template is convenient to manufacture and can be recycled for multiple times;
2. the special-shaped template is made of a plurality of unit rectangular templates, has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture, and can be repeatedly used in other projects after the use of the projects is finished;
3. the overflow surface is poured by adopting a bin jumping method, and the middle bin can use a bin body poured at two sides as a blocking mould, so that the using amount of scaffolds and templates is saved, the efficiency is improved, and the construction period is shortened;
4. the overflow surface curved surface reinforcing steel bar is manufactured by adopting a method of in-situ processing, two rows of reinforcing steel bar shape control points are set on a flat concrete ground by utilizing a total station, positioning round bars are embedded in the control points, the distance between the two rows of round bars is slightly larger than the diameter of the reinforcing steel bar, the reinforcing steel bar is clamped between the two rows of round bars to be bent in situ, the reinforcing steel bar processing efficiency can be obviously improved, and the reinforcing steel bar binding speed is accelerated.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the present invention for lofting an overflow curve coordinate point to a template by a total station;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating the unit formworks integrally connected by square lumber in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the completion of the processing of the special-shaped template in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of a profiled template;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the positions of the bent reinforcing bars and the round bars.
Wherein: 1. a special-shaped template; 11. a unit template; 12. square wood; 2. an overflow surface; 3. reinforcing steel bars; 4. and (5) round ribs.
Detailed Description
The drawings in the embodiments of the invention will be combined; the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described; obviously; the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the invention; rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the invention; all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step; all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention takes the lugwanggasaharan land remediation project as an example, the curved overflow surface 2 of the project is divided into 6 bins, which are sequentially 1# to 6# from left to right, the overflow top elevation is 1166.92m, the bottom elevation is 1162.41m, the height difference is 4.51m, the length of the overflow surface 2 is 11m, the minimum radius of the radian of the overflow surface 2 is 2.15m, the maximum radius is 3.58m, and the height of the upstream surface is 5.312 m.
The invention explains the construction method of the special-shaped template reinforced concrete curved overflow surface in detail, the overflow surface 2 is poured in a plurality of continuous bin bodies; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing an overflow surface 2 special-shaped template 1; specifically, the method for manufacturing the special-shaped template 1 in the step comprises the following steps: the length of the overflow curve is 12500mm, the overflow curve is equally divided at an interval of 150mm, coordinate points are taken, 83 coordinate points are totally introduced into a total station, and then a first coordinate point is emitted by the total station to determine an initial position by utilizing a flat field; the curve coordinate points of the overflow surface 2 are lofted to the template through a total station, the template is marked, unit templates 11 forming the special-shaped template 1 are fixedly connected with each other through square timber 12, and then the special-shaped template 1 covering the whole overflow curve is formed by cutting along the curve formed by the coordinate points.
More specifically, the whole special-shaped formwork 1 is formed by assembling 12 rectangular unit formworks 11 according to the curve shown in fig. 1, and each unit formwork 11 is a pinewood formwork with 915mm by 1830mm by 15 mm; after a first coordinate point is lofted on the first unit wood template, a 50mm steel nail is embedded into the coordinate point, the template nail cannot be penetrated through in the embedding process, and the steel nail can be fixed; and then, after 83 coordinate points are sequentially finished, the 83 steel nails are closely attached by using the steel stranded wires, and finally, the 83 steel nails are sequentially point-connected into a line by attaching the steel stranded wires by using a marking pen so as to carry out elevation and plastering control. After 83 steel nails are connected into a smooth curve, the whole special-shaped template 1 is fixed into a whole by adopting 45mm by 90mm square timber 12 and 50mm steel nails. Specifically, the special-shaped template 1 is fixed by upper and lower layers of horizontal or inclined square timbers 12 according to the shape of an overflow curve, so that every two adjacent unit templates 11 are connected in a steel nail reinforcing mode through the square timbers 12; in the project, the lengths of the square timbers 12 at the head and the tail of the special-shaped template 1 are 3000mm and 1800mm respectively according to the different sizes of the template to be fixed, and the distance between the upper layer of the square timbers 12 and the lower layer of the square timbers 12 is 300 mm; the rest of the square wood 12 is 3000mm long, and the distance between the upper layer and the lower layer of the square wood 12 is 250 mm; and finally, cutting the template along the curve, and finishing the processing of the special-shaped template 1. After the first special-shaped template 1 is manufactured, the template can be used as a template, a total station instrument wire laying procedure is omitted, and the manufacturing efficiency of the special-shaped template 1 is improved.
S2, installing templates and water stops at two sides of the bin body where the overflow surface 2 is located; and S2, according to the position of the overflow surface 2 in each bin, adopting rectangular wood templates to perform early template support and waterstop installation on two sides of the single bin body.
S3, binding the overflow surface 2 steel bars 3 on the basis of the bin body; as shown in fig. 5, the reinforcing steel bar 3 is firstly bent on site, and the bending curve of the reinforcing steel bar 3 is an overflow curve; binding at equal intervals to form a curved reinforcing steel bar surface so as to pour concrete finally to form an overflow surface 2; the overflow surface 2 curved reinforcing steel bar 3 is manufactured by adopting a method of in-situ processing, two rows of reinforcing steel bar 3 shape control points are set on a flat concrete ground by utilizing a total station, positioning round bars 4 are embedded in the control points, the distance between the round bars 4 is 150mm, the distance between the two rows of round bars 4 is slightly larger than the diameter of the reinforcing steel bar 3, the reinforcing steel bar 3 is clamped between the two rows of round bars 4 to carry out in-situ bending, the processing efficiency of the reinforcing steel bar 3 can be obviously improved, and the binding speed of the reinforcing steel bar 3 is accelerated.
S4, fixing special-shaped templates 1 on two sides of the bin body; in the step, the elevation of the overflow curved surface is accurately marked on two sides of the single bin body through the level gauge, and then the special-shaped template 1 is fixed by referring to the elevation point, and as the special-shaped template 1 does not bear the lateral pressure of concrete and only plays a role in marking the elevation of the overflow surface 2, the special-shaped template is guaranteed to be firm and good, but the common template below the special-shaped template needs to be guaranteed to have enough strength, rigidity and stability through a steel bar scaffold and other modes when the special-shaped template is fixed.
S5, leveling the overflow surface 2 to be poured; after the special-shaped templates 1 are fixed, according to the concrete pouring sequence, horizontal leveling lines are hung between the special-shaped templates 1 at the two ends of the bin body of the overflow surface 2, the planes where the leveling lines are located need to be tangent to overflow curves at the two sides of the bin body, and therefore the overflow surface 2 to be poured is leveled.
S6, pouring overflow surface 2 concrete among the special-shaped formworks 1 in a layered mode, and pouring the overflow surface 2 steel bars 3 in the S3 into the concrete; specifically, before concrete pouring, the size, strength, rigidity and stability of the template, the scaffold, the tie bars and the like are checked, the elevation of the special-shaped template 1 is rechecked, and the concrete is poured after the special-shaped template is qualified. The overflow surface 2 belongs to large-volume concrete pouring, can be divided into 3 layers, and can be poured in sections and blocks, a concrete tank car is adopted to cooperate with a crane and a lifting tank, a tongue-and-groove construction joint is reserved after each layer of pouring is finished, chiseling treatment is needed after the concrete strength meets the requirement, and then the next layer of concrete is poured;
preferably, the overflow surface 2 in the project is divided into six bins, the six bins can be poured by adopting a bin jumping method, and the middle bin can use bin bodies poured at two sides as blocking molds, so that the using amount of scaffolds and templates is saved, the efficiency is improved, and the construction period is shortened.
S7, performing plastering forming and maintenance on the overflow surface 2; the step is to carry out manual plastering treatment according to the elevation of the curve line and the hanging line of the special-shaped template 1, and the plastering is cured immediately after being formed, so that the maintenance of mass concrete needs to meet the requirement of strength increase, and the concrete is prevented from cracking due to temperature deformation by temperature control. The concrete surface exposed out of the structure and the outer side of the template can be covered with heat insulation materials (such as straw bags, sawdust, wet sand and the like) by adopting a heat insulation method, and the internal and external temperature difference of the concrete is reduced in the process of slow heat dissipation. According to the characteristics of the adopted cement, the difference between the central temperature and the surface temperature of the concrete is not more than 25 ℃, the difference between the surface temperature of the concrete and the atmospheric temperature is not more than 20 ℃, the curing time is controlled to be 14 or 21 days, and the wet curing time in a high-temperature period is not less than 28 days.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of a special-shaped template reinforced concrete curved overflow surface is characterized in that the overflow surface is poured in a plurality of continuous bin bodies; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a special-shaped template;
s2, installing templates and water stops at two sides of the bin body where the overflow surface is located;
s3, binding overflow surface steel bars on the basis of the bin body, wherein the bending curve of the steel bars is an overflow curve;
s4, fixing special-shaped templates on two sides of the bin body;
s5, leveling an overflow surface to be poured;
s6, pouring overflow surface concrete among the special-shaped templates in a layered mode, and pouring overflow surface steel bars in the S3 into the concrete;
s7, performing plastering forming and maintenance on the overflow surface;
the method for manufacturing the special-shaped template in the S1 comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of equally dividing the length of an overflow curve, taking a plurality of coordinate points, guiding all the coordinate points into a total station, then using the total station to emit a first coordinate point at a horizontal position to determine an initial position, lofting the curve coordinate points of an overflow surface onto a template through the total station, marking the template, fixedly connecting unit templates forming a special-shaped template into a whole, and then cutting along a curve formed by the coordinate points, so that the special-shaped template covering the whole overflow curve is formed.
2. The construction method of the special-shaped template reinforced concrete curved overflow surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: the whole special-shaped template is fixed into a whole by upper and lower layers of square wood and steel nails with certain specifications.
3. The method for constructing a curved overflow surface of reinforced concrete of a special-shaped template according to claim 1, wherein the method for binding the steel bars of the overflow surface in S3 comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of lofting two rows of steel bar shape control points on a flat concrete ground by using a total station, embedding positioning round bars at the control points, clamping the steel bars between the two rows of round bars to be bent on site, and binding the steel bars at equal intervals to form a curved steel bar surface, wherein the distance between the two rows of round bars is slightly larger than the diameter of the steel bars.
4. The method for constructing a curved overflow surface of reinforced concrete with special-shaped templates as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the elevation of the overflow curved surface is accurately marked on both sides of the single bin body by a leveling instrument, and then the elevation of the overflow surface is marked by fixing the special-shaped templates with respect to the elevation points.
5. The method for constructing a curved overflow surface of reinforced concrete with special-shaped formworks according to claim 1, wherein S5 is that after the special-shaped formworks are fixed, according to the concrete pouring sequence, a horizontal leveling line is hung between the special-shaped formworks at both ends of the overflow surface cabin body, and the plane where the leveling line is located needs to be tangent to the overflow curves at both sides of the cabin body, thereby leveling the overflow surface to be poured.
6. The method of constructing a curved overflow surface of reinforced concrete with a shaped form as claimed in claim 1, wherein S6 is implemented by pouring the overflow surface in sections and blocks, using a concrete tanker to cooperate with a crane and a hoist, leaving a tongue-and-groove construction joint after each layer of pouring is completed, chiseling after the concrete strength is satisfied, and pouring the next layer of concrete.
7. The construction method of the special-shaped template reinforced concrete curved overflow surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: and the overflow surfaces of the plurality of bin bodies are poured by adopting a bin jumping method.
8. The construction method of the special-shaped template reinforced concrete curved overflow surface according to claim 1, wherein S7 is to perform manual plastering treatment according to the elevation of the special-shaped template curved line and the hanging line, and perform maintenance immediately after plastering formation; the difference between the central temperature and the surface temperature of the concrete is not more than 25 ℃, the difference between the surface temperature of the concrete and the atmospheric temperature is not more than 20 ℃, the curing time is controlled to be 14 or 21 days, and the wetting curing time in the high-temperature period is not less than 28 days.
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| CN114482054B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2023-06-20 | 北京城建五建设集团有限公司 | Inclined plane mattress layer pouring die system and construction method |
| CN115247477B (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2024-02-02 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Construction method of special-shaped concrete member |
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