CN113368787B - 易清洗的催化剂滤筐 - Google Patents

易清洗的催化剂滤筐 Download PDF

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CN113368787B
CN113368787B CN202110689382.3A CN202110689382A CN113368787B CN 113368787 B CN113368787 B CN 113368787B CN 202110689382 A CN202110689382 A CN 202110689382A CN 113368787 B CN113368787 B CN 113368787B
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E·马斯
R·科奈派尔斯
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Abstract

用于在催化化学反应器内容纳催化剂材料的催化剂滤筐。催化剂滤筐包括中心框架，所述中心框架具有底座环和从底座环向上延伸的大致圆筒状内滤网部分。大致圆筒状外滤网组件通过快速释放机构可释放地固定到中心框架上。

Description

易清洗的催化剂滤筐
本申请为分案申请，其母案申请的申请日为2016年11月9号，申请号为201680070157.9，和发明名称为“易清洗的催化剂滤筐”。
本申请要求2015年11月9日提交的美国临时专利申请系列No.62/252,676的权益，该专利在此作为参考引入。
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及用于在催化反应器中容纳催化固体物质的滤筐的设计。
背景技术
催化反应器用于化学处理。化学原料流过或穿过通常颗粒状的固体催化剂材料以诱导或加速所需的化学反应。
发明内容
本发明提供用于催化反应器的催化剂滤筐。所述催化剂滤筐设计成保持一定量的固体催化剂并置于反应器中的支撑板上。所述催化剂滤筐具有可快速拆卸的外滤网组件，这允许用过的催化剂材料易于移除和更换。
描述了一种示例性的催化剂滤筐，其包括中心框架，该中心框架具有底座环和从底座环轴向延伸的大致圆筒状内滤网。大致圆筒状外滤网径向围绕内滤网。外滤网由多个独立滤网部分形成，这些滤网部分组装形成完整的圆筒状滤网。至少一个独立滤网部分以易于释放的方式固定到另一个滤网部分上并且在释放时可从滤筐上拆除。描述了紧固螺栓和开口扁销接头形式的快速释放机构。
根据优选实施方案，锁定槽装置将外滤网组件轴向固定到中心框架上。当外滤网组件装配到中心框架上时，底座环上的脊嵌入外滤网部分的锁定对准槽内。还描述了清洗催化剂滤筐的方法。
附图说明
为了全面理解本发明，下面结合附图详细描述了优选实施例，其中在附图的多个图中相同的附图标记表示相同或相似的元件，和其中：
图1是本发明的包含多个催化剂滤筐的示例性催化过程反应器的侧视截面图。
图2是按本发明构造的示例性催化剂滤筐的侧视截面图。
图3是拆除外滤网组件的示例性催化剂滤筐中心框架的等距视图。
图4是沿图2中线4-4的轴向剖面图。
图5是催化剂滤筐一部分的截面细节图，它提供了中心框架和外滤网组件之间的轴向锁定装置。
图6是图1-5的催化剂滤筐的等距视图，其中外滤网组件被部分拆除。
图7是催化剂滤筐一部分的外视图，示出了开口扁销快速释放机构。
图8是除催化剂滤筐其它部件之外的示例性开口扁销的顶视图。
图9是图8所示开口扁销的侧视图。
图10是本发明催化剂滤筐的替代实施方案的等距视图。
具体实施方式
图1描述了具有包围腔室14的外壳12的示例性化学反应器10。在优选实施方案中，化学反应器10是催化反应器。进料口16位于外壳12的顶部。冲击板18悬挂在进料口16下方。催化剂支撑板20位于腔室14内并具有设置在其内的多个开口22。催化剂滤筐24设置在开口22顶部并固定在板20上。每个催化剂滤筐24包含固体催化剂材料25。
图2-7更详细地描述了示例性催化剂滤筐24。滤筐24包括中心框架26，中心框架26包括底座环28。大致圆筒状内滤网部分30从底座环28轴向延伸并在其内限定了开放的中心竖井32。内滤网部分30由丝网形成或具有允许流体通过的穿孔34。底座环28具有环状并限定中心开口36。根据优选实施方案，底座环28由堆叠的环形构件38,40构成。下环形构件40具有较大的外径，其提供可通过锁定杆43(图2)接合的唇边42以将滤筐24固定到支撑板20上。
如图5详细所示，环形脊44从底座环28的上环形构件38的外周表面突出。在优选实施方案中，脊44是V形的。定心环45(见图2)优选径向固定在环形构件38,40内，和优选向下突出到下环形部件40的下方(如图2所示)。定心环45的向下突出部分将延伸到支撑板20的开口22中，以有助于确保催化剂滤筐24合适地安置在支撑板20上。
支撑支柱46从底座环28轴向延伸并且优选地比中心框架26的内滤网部分30略长。设置开口48通过每个支撑支柱46靠近其上端50。
外滤网组件52径向围绕内滤网部分30。如图4详细所示，外滤网组件52由多个独立滤网部分54,56形成，这些滤网部分组装在一起形成完整的圆筒状滤网组件。在所述的实施方案中，存在两个滤网部分54,56。但如果需要，可以有三个或更多个滤网部分。按照本发明，滤网部分54,56中的至少一个以易于释放的方式固定到滤网部分54,56中的另一个上，和在释放时可从滤筐24上拆除。根据特别优选的实施方案，所有独立滤网部分54,56都可以从中心框架26上完全拆除。优选地，独立滤网部分54,56各自具有支撑外围框架58和中心网格过滤部分60，中心网格过滤部分60是多孔的以允许流体穿过滤网部分54或56。滤网部分54,56弯曲以提供半圆形截面，如图4所示。每个滤网部分54,56的框架58的下端包括锁定对准槽61，该锁定对准槽61的形状和尺寸与底座环28的脊44互补。如图1所示，固体催化剂材料25保留在内滤网部分30和外滤网组件52之间限定的催化剂贮存区域中。
根据优选实施方案，外滤网组件52的滤网部分54,56使用快速释放机构可释放地固定到彼此上。滤网部分54,56的可释放连接可以使用开口扁销接头来完成。图4和图7示出了组装的开口扁销连接件，其包括开槽板62、开槽销63和开口扁销64。图8和图9示出了示例性开口扁销64，其具有头部65和远离头部65延伸的两个舌部66。为了组装开口扁销连接，开槽销63插入穿过开槽板62以及用于每个滤网部分54,56的框架58。之后，开口扁销64的舌部66穿过开槽销63。为了释放开口扁销连接，将开口扁销64从开槽销63上拆除。开槽销63从框架58上拆除，从而使滤网部分54,56彼此脱离。
在一个替代实施方案中，紧固螺栓67被用作快速释放机构，以将滤网部分54,56上的相对衬套68固定在一起。图10描绘了这种装置。如图10所示，紧固螺栓67可滑入衬套68中以将它们固定在一起，或者滑出衬套68以允许衬套68分开并使滤网部分54,56彼此脱离。
根据优选实施方案，当通过使用锁定槽装置来组装时，外滤网组件52被轴向锁定到中心框架26。如图5详细所示，每个滤网部分54,56的框架58中的锁定对准槽61将容纳底座环28的脊44。当这完成时，外滤网组件52将被固定以防止相对于中心框架26轴向移动。如果需要，脊和锁定对准槽的位置可以颠倒，使得脊44在滤网部分54,56上形成，和槽61在底座环28上形成。
催化剂滤筐24包括顶盖70，顶盖70在连接时封闭滤筐24的催化剂储存区域。顶盖70包括由梁76彼此分开的上和下环形盘72,74。下盘74由槽77穿孔。槽77的形状和尺寸允许支柱46的上端50穿过。然后，通过在每个支柱46中的开口48插入锁定铆钉插销78，将下盘74固定到中心框架26上。然后通过开口销80将各铆钉插销78定位(图2)。上盘72固定在梁76的顶部。当组装时，连杆82从顶盖70延伸至底座环28。
当组装时，固体催化剂材料25容纳在沿径向位于内滤网部分30和外滤网组件52之间的催化剂滤筐24内。催化剂滤筐24放置在催化剂支撑板20上，使得催化剂滤筐24的开放的中心竖井32在支撑板20的开口22的中心上。在催化反应器10的操作过程中，化学进料通过反应器进料口16流入。为了穿过支撑板20，化学物料必须通过催化剂滤筐24的外滤网组件52、催化剂材料25和内滤网部分30，以便到达支撑板20的开口22。
如图2所示，催化剂滤筐24可以通过与底座环28的唇边42接合的锁定杆43固定到支撑板20上。另外，钩84将连杆82固定到支撑板20的支柱86上，以有助于使催化剂滤筐24定位。另外的开口扁销88可以插入连杆82中的槽90，以将部件锁定在一起。
发明人已经发现，催化剂滤筐24的构造使得它易于清洗和用新的催化剂材料25再填充催化剂滤筐24，从而节省了大量的时间和精力。因此，本发明还提供用于清洗催化剂滤筐24的方法。根据清洗方法，首先将催化剂滤筐24从支撑板20上拆除。优选地，将顶盖70从中心框架26上拆除。为此，将开口扁销88从连杆82的槽90上拆除。将上盘72拆除。然后将开口销80从铆钉插销78中取出并将铆钉插销78从支柱46退出。现在梁76和下盘74可从中心框架26上拆除。然后通过释放将滤网部分54,56固定在一起的快速释放机构，将外滤网组件52释放并从中心框架26上拆除。然后废催化剂材料25可从中心框架26和其它部件上清扫或冲走。为了重新组装催化剂滤筐24，将滤网部分54,56更换到中心框架26上，使得底座环28的脊44置于每个滤网部分54,56的槽61内。然后将快速释放机构重新固定以将滤网部分54,56固定在一起。然后可以将新的催化剂材料25放入滤筐24开放的上端中，然后将顶盖72固定到催化剂滤筐24上。
本领域的技术人员将认识到，可以对本文所述的示例性设计和实施方案进行许多调整和改变，和本发明仅受后面的权利要求及其任何等同物限制。

Claims (3)

1.一种从催化剂滤筐清除废催化剂材料的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
(a)提供催化剂滤筐，所述催化剂滤筐包括：
带底座环的中心框架，所述底座环包括上环形构件和下环形构件，其中上环形构件包括从其外周表面突出的V形脊，下环形构件的外径大于上环形构件，和下环形构件连接到上环形构件的下表面；
内滤网部分，所述内滤网部分从底座环延伸并由上环形构件上表面伸出；和
外滤网组件，所述外滤网组件径向围绕所述内滤网部分以在所述内滤网部分和所述外滤网组件之间径向限定催化剂贮存区域，其中所述外滤网组件包括多个独立滤网部分和一个或多个开口扁销接头，所述多个独立滤网部分彼此连接形成圆筒状外滤网组件，所述一个或多个开口扁销接头用于将多个独立滤网部分可释放地固定到彼此上和可释放地连接到中心框架上，和每个开口扁销接头包括开槽板、开槽销和开口扁销；
(b)通过从一个或多个开口扁销接头的开槽销和开槽板中拆除开口扁销使多个独立滤网部分彼此脱离；
(c)从中心框架上拆除所述外滤网组件以打开催化剂贮存区域；和
(d)从催化剂贮存区域和中心框架拆除废催化剂。
2.权利要求1所述的方法，其中拆除废催化剂包括冲走废催化剂和/或清扫废催化剂。
3.权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中：
所述催化剂滤筐还包括顶盖，所述顶盖固定到所述中心框架上以封闭所述催化剂贮存区域；和
所述方法还包括从中心框架上拆除顶盖的步骤。
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