CN113366200A - Vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, vehicle and method - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, vehicle and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113366200A
CN113366200A CN201980069652.1A CN201980069652A CN113366200A CN 113366200 A CN113366200 A CN 113366200A CN 201980069652 A CN201980069652 A CN 201980069652A CN 113366200 A CN113366200 A CN 113366200A
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China
Prior art keywords
electric field
anode
cathode
air
tail gas
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CN201980069652.1A
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CN113366200B (en
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唐万福
段志军
邹永安
奚勇
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Shanghai Bixiufu Enterprise Management Co Ltd
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Shanghai Bixiufu Enterprise Management Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from PCT/CN2019/112152 external-priority patent/WO2020083175A1/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

A vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system comprises a tail gas inlet, an air inlet and an electric field device (1021). The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system can purify tail gas and introduced air simultaneously.

Description

Vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, vehicle and method Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and relates to a vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, a vehicle and a method.
Background
The exhaust gas of the engine contains a large amount of particles, so that the particles in the exhaust gas of the engine need to be filtered.
In the prior art, particulate matter filtration is typically performed by a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF). The DPF works in a combustion mode, namely, the DPF is combusted in a natural or combustion-supporting mode after being heated to reach an ignition point after being fully blocked in a porous structure by utilizing carbon deposition. Specifically, the working principle of the DPF is as follows: the intake air with particulate matter enters the honeycomb carrier of the DPF where it is trapped and most of the particulate matter has been filtered as the intake air exits the DPF. The carrier material of the DPF is mainly cordierite, silicon carbide, aluminum titanate and the like, and can be selected and used according to actual conditions. However, the above approach stores the following drawbacks:
(1) when the DPF traps particulate matter to a certain extent, regeneration is needed, otherwise, the exhaust back pressure of the engine rises, the working state deteriorates, the performance and the oil consumption are seriously affected, and even the DPF is blocked, so that the engine cannot work. Thus, the DPF requires regular maintenance and catalyst addition. Even with regular maintenance, the accumulation of particulate matter restricts exhaust flow, thus increasing backpressure, which can affect engine performance and fuel consumption.
(2) The DPF has unstable dust removal effect and poor dust removal effect, and cannot meet the latest filtering requirement of engine tail gas treatment.
In addition, for some polluted areas, the content of particles and the like in the air is also high, the air quality is poor, and some devices are needed to filter the particles and the like in the air, so that the aim of purifying the air is fulfilled. Therefore, a breakthrough in technology for purifying engine exhaust gas and air at the same time is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned needs, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system, a vehicle and a method, which have good exhaust gas dust removal effect and can remove dust from air at the same time.
In some examples provided by the invention, the vehicle-mounted tail gas dedusting system is provided with the tail gas cooling device, air is supplemented into the tail gas to cool the tail gas, and the air can be purified by controlling the air quantity, so that the air can be purified simultaneously without independently arranging an air purification system.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides the following examples:
1. example 1 provided by the present invention: an on-board exhaust and air dedusting system, comprising:
a tail gas inlet;
an air inlet;
the electric field device comprises an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, and the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are used for generating an ionization electric field;
at the time of operation,
tail gas and air enter the dust removal system through the tail gas inlet and the air inlet respectively,
the tail gas and the air enter the electric field device through the inlet of the electric field device,
the tail gas and the air are subjected to dust removal and purification through the ionization electric field,
and the tail gas and the air flow out of the outlet of the electric field device.
2. Example 2 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 1 is included, wherein the weight of the introduced air is 50% to 300% of the weight of the tail gas.
3. Example 3 provided by the present invention: comprising the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 1, wherein the weight of the introduced air is 100% to 180% of the weight of the tail gas.
4. Example 4 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 1, wherein the weight of the introduced air is 120% to 150% of the weight of the tail gas.
5. Example 5 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system comprises the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system in example 1, wherein the weight of introduced air is more than 300% of that of the tail gas.
6. Example 6 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-5 is included, wherein the electric field anode comprises a first anode portion and a second anode portion, the first anode portion is close to the electric field device inlet, the second anode portion is close to the electric field device outlet, and at least one cathode support plate is arranged between the first anode portion and the second anode portion.
7. Example 7 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 6 is included, wherein the electric field device further includes an insulating mechanism for insulating the cathode support plate from the electric field anode.
8. Example 8 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system of example 7 is included, wherein an electric field flow channel is formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and the insulating mechanism is arranged outside the electric field flow channel.
9. Example 9 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 7 or 8, wherein the insulation mechanism comprises an insulation portion and a heat insulation portion; the insulating part is made of ceramic materials or glass materials.
10. Example 10 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system of example 9 is included, wherein the insulating portion is an umbrella-shaped string ceramic column, an umbrella-shaped string glass column, a columnar string ceramic column, or a columnar glass column, and glaze is hung inside and outside the umbrella or inside and outside the column.
11. Example 11 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system according to example 10, wherein the distance between the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column and the anode of the electric field is greater than 1.4 times the distance between the electric field and the outer edge of the electric field, the sum of the distances between the umbrella-shaped protruding sides of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column is greater than 1.4 times the insulation distance between the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column, and the total depth of the umbrella sides of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column is greater than 1.4 times the insulation distance between the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column.
12. Example 12 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dusting system of any of examples 6 to 11, wherein a length of the first anode section is 1/10 to 1/4, 1/4 to 1/3, 1/3 to 1/2, 1/2 to 2/3, 2/3 to 3/4, or 3/4 to 9/10 of the electric field anode length.
13. Example 13 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 6-12, wherein the length of the first anode portion is long enough to remove a portion of dust, reduce dust accumulation on the insulating mechanism and the cathode support plate, and reduce electrical breakdown due to dust.
14. Example 14 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 6-13 is included, wherein the second anode portion includes a dust deposition section and a reserved dust deposition section.
15. Example 15 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-14, wherein the electric field cathode comprises at least one electrode bar.
16. Example 16 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 15, wherein the electrode rods have a diameter of no greater than 3 mm.
17. Example 17 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dedusting system of example 15 or 16, wherein the electrode rod has a needle-like shape, a polygonal shape, a burr-like shape, a threaded rod-like shape, or a cylindrical shape.
18. Example 18 provided by the present invention: the on-board exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-17, wherein the electric field anode is comprised of a hollow tube bundle.
19. Example 19 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 18, wherein the hollow cross section of the electric field anode tube bundle is circular or polygonal.
20. Example 20 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 19, wherein the polygon is a hexagon.
21. Example 21 provided by the present invention: the on-board exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 18-20, wherein the bundle of field anodes is honeycomb-shaped.
22. Example 22 provided by the present invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-21, wherein the electric field cathode is perforated within the electric field anode.
23. Example 23 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dedusting system of any one of examples 1-22 is included, wherein the electric field device performs the soot removal process when the electric field is dusted to a certain degree.
24. Example 24 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dedusting system of example 23 is included, wherein the electric field device detects an electric field current to determine whether soot deposition is required to a certain extent.
25. Example 25 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dedusting system of example 23 or 24, wherein the electric field device increases the voltage of the electric field to perform the soot removal process.
26. Example 26 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dedusting system of example 23 or 24 is included, wherein the electric field device performs the soot removal process by using an electric field back corona discharge phenomenon.
27. Example 27 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system according to example 23 or 24, wherein the electric field device performs carbon black removal processing by using an electric field back corona discharge phenomenon, increasing a voltage, limiting an injection current, and generating plasma by a sharp discharge occurring at a carbon deposition position of an anode, wherein the plasma deeply oxidizes organic components of carbon black, breaks a macromolecular bond, and forms micromolecular carbon dioxide and water.
28. Example 28 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 27, wherein the length of the electric field anode is 10-90mm, and the length of the electric field cathode is 10-90 mm.
29. Example 29 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dedusting system of example 28, where the corresponding dust collection efficiency was 99.9% when the electric field temperature was 200 ℃.
30. Example 30 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 28 or 29, wherein the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 90% when the electric field temperature is 400 ℃.
31. Example 31 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of any of examples 28-30, wherein the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 50% when the electric field temperature is 500 ℃.
32. Example 32 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-31, wherein the electric field device further comprises an auxiliary electric field unit for generating an auxiliary electric field that is not parallel to the ionization electric field.
33. Example 33 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system comprises any one of examples 1 to 31, wherein the electric field device further comprises an auxiliary electric field unit, the ionization electric field comprises a flow channel, and the auxiliary electric field unit is used for generating an auxiliary electric field which is not perpendicular to the flow channel.
34. Example 34 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 32 or 33, wherein the auxiliary electric field unit comprises a first electrode, and the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is disposed at or near an inlet of the ionization electric field.
35. Example 35 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 34, wherein the first electrode is a cathode.
36. Example 36 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 34 or 35, wherein the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the electric field cathode.
37. Example 37 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 36, wherein the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit has an angle α with the electric field anode of 0 ° < α ≦ 125 °, or 45 ° ≦ α ≦ 125 °, or 60 ° ≦ α ≦ 100 °, or α ≦ 90 °.
38. Example 38 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 32-37, wherein the auxiliary electric field unit includes a second electrode, and the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is disposed at or near an outlet of the ionization electric field.
39. Example 39 provided by the invention: the on-board exhaust and air dedusting system of example 38, wherein the second electrode is an anode.
40. Example 40 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 38 or 39, wherein the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the electric field anode.
41. Example 41 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 40 is included, wherein the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit has an angle α with the electric field cathode, and 0 ° < α ≦ 125 °, or 45 ° ≦ α ≦ 125 °, or 60 ° ≦ α ≦ 100 °, or α ≦ 90 °.
42. Example 42 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 32-35, 38, and 39, wherein the electrodes of the auxiliary electric field are disposed independently of the electrodes of the ionizing electric field.
43. Example 43 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-42, wherein a ratio of a dust deposition area of the electric field anode to a discharge area of the electric field cathode is 1.667: 1-1680: 1.
44. example 44 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-42, wherein a ratio of a dust deposition area of the electric field anode to a discharge area of the electric field cathode is 6.67: 1-56.67: 1.
45. example 45 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-44, wherein the electric field cathode has a diameter of 1-3 mm, and the electric field anode and the electric field cathode have a polar distance of 2.5-139.9 mm; the ratio of the dust deposition area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is 1.667: 1-1680: 1.
46. example 46 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-44, wherein a pole pitch of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is less than 150 mm.
47. Example 47 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of any one of examples 1-44, wherein a polar distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is 2.5-139.9 mm.
48. Example 48 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of any one of examples 1-44, wherein the electric field anode is separated from the electric field cathode by a distance of 5-100 mm.
49. Example 49 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-48, wherein the electric field anode has a length of 10-180 mm.
50. Example 50 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-48, wherein the electric field anode has a length of 60-180 mm.
51. Example 51 provided by the present invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-50, wherein the electric field cathode has a length of 30-180 mm.
52. Example 52 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-50, wherein the electric field cathode has a length of 54-176 mm.
53. Example 53 provided by the present invention: including the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air extraction system of any of examples 43-52, wherein, when in operation, the ionization field has a coupling number of ≦ 3.
54. Example 54 provided by the invention: including the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air extraction system of any of examples 32-52, wherein, when in operation, the ionization field has a coupling number of ≦ 3.
55. Example 55 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of any one of examples 1 to 54 is included, wherein the ionization field voltage ranges from 1kv to 50 kv.
56. Example 56 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-55, wherein the electric field device further comprises a plurality of connecting housings through which the series electric field stages are connected.
57. Example 57 provided by the invention: the on-board exhaust and air dedusting system of example 56, wherein the distance between adjacent electric field levels is greater than 1.4 times the pole pitch.
58. Example 58 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air extraction system of any of examples 1-57, wherein the electric field device further comprises a tail pre-electrode between the electric field device inlet and an ionization electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode.
59. Example 59 provided by the invention: including the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 58, wherein the pre-electrode is in the form of a dot, a wire, a mesh, a perforated plate, a needle bar, a ball cage, a box, a tube, a natural form of matter, or a processed form of matter.
60. Example 60 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system according to example 58 or 59, wherein the front electrode is provided with an exhaust gas through hole.
61. Example 61 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 60, wherein the exhaust apertures are polygonal, circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, or diamond-shaped.
62. Example 62 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 60 or 61, wherein the size of the exhaust through holes is 0.1-3 mm.
63. Example 63 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 58-62, wherein the pre-electrode is a combination of one or more of a solid, a liquid, a gas cluster, or a plasma.
64. Example 64 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 58-63, wherein the pre-electrode is a conductive mixed substance, a biological natural mixed conductive substance, or an object artificially processed to form a conductive substance.
65. Example 65 provided by the invention: the on-board exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 58-64, wherein the pre-electrode is 304 steel or graphite.
66. Example 66 provided by the invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dusting system of any of examples 58 to 64, wherein the pre-electrode is an ionically conductive liquid.
67. Example 67 provided by the invention: the vehicle on-board exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 58-66, wherein in operation, the pre-electrode charges the pollutants in the gas before the pollutant-laden gas enters the ionization electric field formed by the electric field cathode and the electric field anode, and the pollutant-laden gas passes through the pre-electrode.
68. Example 68 provided by the invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dedusting system of example 67, wherein when the pollutant-laden gas enters the ionization electric field, the electric field anode exerts an attractive force on the charged pollutants, causing the pollutants to move toward the electric field anode until the pollutants adhere to the electric field anode.
69. Example 69 provided by the present invention: the vehicle on-board exhaust and air dedusting system of example 67 or 68, wherein the pre-electrode introduces electrons into the pollutants, the electrons passing between the pollutants between the pre-electrode and the electric field anode, charging more pollutants.
70. Example 70 provided by the invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 66-68, wherein electrons are conducted between the pre-electrode and the electric field anode through the contaminants and form an electric current.
71. Example 71 provided by the invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dusting system of any of examples 67 to 70, wherein the pre-electrode charges the contaminants by contacting the contaminants.
72. Example 72 provided by the invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 67-71, wherein the pre-electrode charges the pollutants by way of energy fluctuations.
73. Example 73 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 67-72, wherein the pre-electrode is provided with exhaust vents.
74. Example 74 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 58-73, wherein the pre-electrode is linear and the electric field anode is planar.
75. Example 75 provided by the invention: the vehicle on-board exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 58-74, wherein the pre-electrode is perpendicular to the electric field anode.
76. Example 76 provided by the invention: the vehicle mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 58-75, wherein the pre-electrode is parallel to the electric field anode.
77. Example 77 provided by the invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dusting system of any of examples 58 to 76, wherein the pre-electrode is curved or radiused.
78. Example 78 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 58-77, wherein the pre-electrode is a wire mesh.
79. Example 79 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of any of examples 58-78, wherein a voltage between the pre-electrode and the electric field anode is different from a voltage between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode.
80. Example 80 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of any of examples 58-79, wherein a voltage between the pre-electrode and the electric field anode is less than an initial corona onset voltage.
81. Example 81 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of any of examples 58-80, wherein the voltage between the pre-electrode and the electric field anode is 0.1kv/mm-2 kv/mm.
82. Example 82 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 58-81, wherein the electric field device includes an exhaust runner, and the pre-electrode is located in the exhaust runner; the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the front electrode to the cross-sectional area of the tail gas flow channel is 99% -10%, or 90-10%, or 80-20%, or 70-30%, or 60-40%, or 50%.
83. Example 83 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air extraction system of any of examples 1-82, wherein the electric field device comprises an electret element.
84. Example 84 provided by the invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dedusting system of example 83, wherein the electret element is in the ionizing electric field when the electric field anode and the electric field cathode are powered on.
85. Example 85 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 83 or 84, wherein the electret element is proximate to or disposed at the electric field device outlet.
86. Example 86 provided by the invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 83-85 is included, wherein the electric field anode and the electric field cathode form an exhaust runner, and the electret element is disposed in the exhaust runner.
87. Example 87 provided by the invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dusting system of example 86 is included, wherein the exhaust duct includes an exhaust duct outlet, the electret element being proximate to the exhaust duct outlet, or the electret element being disposed at the exhaust duct outlet.
88. Example 88 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of examples 86 or 87, wherein the electret element has a cross-section in the exhaust runner that is between 5% and 100% of the exhaust runner cross-section.
89. Example 89 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 88, wherein a cross-section of the electret element in the exhaust runner is 10% -90%, 20% -80%, or 40% -60% of an exhaust runner cross-section.
90. Example 90 provided by the invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dusting system of any of examples 83 to 89 is included, wherein the ionizing electric field charges the electret element.
91. Example 91 provided by the invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dusting system of any of examples 83 to 90, wherein the electret element has a porous structure.
92. Example 92 provided by the invention: the vehicle exhaust and air extraction system of any of examples 83-91, wherein the electret element is a fabric.
93. Example 93 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 83-92, wherein the electric field anode is tubular inside, the electret element is tubular outside, and the electret element is externally sleeved inside the electric field anode.
94. Example 94 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 83-93, wherein the electret element is removably coupled to the electric field anode.
95. Example 95 provided by the invention: the vehicle on-board exhaust and air dusting system of any of examples 83 to 94, wherein a material of the electret element comprises an inorganic compound having electret properties.
96. Example 96 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 95, wherein the inorganic compound is selected from one or more of an oxygen-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, or fiberglass.
97. Example 97 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 96 is included, wherein the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of a metal-based oxide, an oxygen-containing compound, and an oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt.
98. Example 98 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 97 is included, wherein the metal-based oxide is selected from one or more of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, barium oxide, tantalum oxide, silicon oxide, lead oxide, and tin oxide.
99. Example 99 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 97 is included, wherein the metal-based oxide is alumina.
100. Example 100 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 97 is included, wherein the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of a titanium zirconium compound oxide and a titanium barium compound oxide.
101. Example 101 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 97 is included, wherein the oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt is selected from one or more of zirconium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, or barium titanate.
102. Example 102 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 96, wherein the nitrogen-containing compound is silicon nitride.
103. Example 103 provided by the invention: the vehicle on-board exhaust and air dusting system of any of examples 83-102, wherein a material of the electret element comprises an organic compound having electret properties.
104. Example 104 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air extraction system of example 103, wherein the organic compound is selected from one or more of fluoropolymer, polycarbonate, PP, PE, PVC, natural wax, resin, rosin.
105. Example 105 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 104, wherein the fluoropolymer is selected from one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, soluble polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride.
106. Example 106 provided by the invention: the vehicle exhaust and air dedusting system of example 104, wherein the fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.
107. Example 107 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system comprises the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system of any one of examples 1 to 106, and further comprises an air equalizing device.
108. Example 108 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 107, wherein the wind-sharing device is between the air inlet, the tail gas inlet, and the electric field anode and the electric field cathode to form an ionization electric field, and when the electric field anode is a cuboid, the wind-sharing device comprises: the air inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the electric field anode, and the air outlet pipe is arranged on the other side; wherein the air inlet pipe is opposite to the air outlet pipe.
109. Example 109 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of example 107, wherein the air-balancing device is between the air inlet, the tail gas inlet, and the electric field anode and the electric field cathode to form an ionization electric field, and when the electric field anode is a cylinder, the air-balancing device is composed of a plurality of rotatable air-balancing blades.
110. Example 110 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system of example 107, wherein the first venturi plate air equalizing mechanism of the air equalizing device and the second venturi plate air equalizing mechanism disposed at the air outlet end of the electric field anode are provided with air inlet holes, the second venturi plate air equalizing mechanism is provided with air outlet holes, the air inlet holes and the air outlet holes are arranged in a staggered manner, and air is exhausted from the front air inlet side to form a cyclone structure.
111. Example 111 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of any of examples 1-110, further comprising a water removal device for removing liquid water prior to the electric field device inlet.
112. Example 112 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 111, wherein the water removal device removes liquid water from the exhaust when an exhaust temperature or an engine temperature is below a certain temperature.
113. Example 113 provided by the invention: the on-board exhaust and air dedusting system of example 112 is included, wherein the certain temperature is between 90 ℃ and 100 ℃.
114. Example 114 provided by the invention: the on-board exhaust and air dedusting system of example 112 is included, wherein the certain temperature is between 80 ℃ and 90 ℃.
115. Example 115 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of example 112, wherein the certain temperature is 80 ℃ or less.
116. Example 116 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of examples 111-115, wherein the water removal device is an electrocoagulation device.
117. Example 117 provided by the invention: the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of any one of examples 1-116, further comprising an engine.
118. Example 118 provided by the invention: a vehicle comprising the on-board exhaust gas and air dedusting system of any one of examples 1-117.
119. Example 119 provided by the invention: a method of purifying air in a polluted area comprising driving a vehicle according to example 118 in the polluted area.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an exhaust gas treatment device in a vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an umbrella-shaped insulating mechanism of a tail gas processing device in a vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3A is a structural diagram of an embodiment of an air equalizing device of a tail gas processing device in a vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3B is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the air equalizing device of the tail gas processing device in the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3C is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the air equalizing device of the tail gas processing device in the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a first schematic view of an electric field device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a second schematic view of an electric field device in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a top view of the electric field device of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the electret elements of example 3 with a cross-section in the exhaust gas flow path that is a cross-section of the exhaust gas flow path.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system in accordance with embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the electric field generating unit.
Fig. 10 is a view a-a of the electric field generating unit of fig. 9.
FIG. 11 is a view A-A of the electric field generating unit of FIG. 9, taken along the lines of length and angle.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an electric field device configuration for two electric field levels.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of an electric field device in embodiment 17 of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of an electric field device in embodiment 19 of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of an electric field device in embodiment 20 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system is communicated with an outlet of an engine. Exhaust gas emitted by the engine flows through the vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system may include a tail gas inlet, an air inlet, and an electric field device, wherein the electric field device includes an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode, and an electric field anode, and the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are configured to generate an ionization electric field.
In an embodiment of the invention, the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system comprises a tail gas cooling device, wherein the tail gas cooling device can comprise a fan, the fan introduces air into the tail gas, and the fan plays a role in cooling the tail gas before an inlet of a tail gas electric field device, so that the ionization dust removal efficiency is improved. When the temperature is reduced, the introduced air can be 50% to 300%, or 100% to 180%, or 120% to 150% of the tail gas. When the device operates, tail gas and air respectively enter the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system through a tail gas inlet and an air inlet, the tail gas and the air enter the electric field device through an electric field device inlet, the tail gas and the air are subjected to dust removal and purification through an ionization electric field, and the tail gas and the air flow out of an electric field device outlet. Therefore, the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system in the embodiment can purify tail gas and introduced air simultaneously, and the effect of purifying air is achieved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the air introduced into the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system is 50% to 300% of the weight of the tail gas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the air introduced into the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system is 100% to 180% of the weight of the tail gas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the air introduced into the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system is 120% to 150% of the weight of the tail gas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system is used for air purification, the weight of the air introduced into the system is more than 300% of the weight of the tail gas.
In an embodiment of the invention, the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system further includes a water removing device for removing liquid water before the inlet of the electric field device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature of the exhaust gas or the temperature of the engine is lower than a certain temperature, the exhaust gas of the engine may contain liquid water, and the water removing device removes the liquid water in the exhaust gas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the certain temperature is between 90 ℃ and 100 ℃.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the certain temperature is between 80 ℃ and 90 ℃.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the certain temperature is below 80 ℃.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the water removing device is any prior art water removing device.
The following technical problems are not recognized by the person skilled in the art: when the temperature of the tail gas or the engine is low, liquid water in the tail gas is adsorbed on a cathode and an anode of an electric field, so that the ionization electric field is unevenly discharged and ignited. When the engine is in cold start, the water removing device removes water drops, namely liquid water, in tail gas before the tail gas enters the inlet of the electric field device, so that the water drops, namely liquid water, in the tail gas are reduced, the discharge unevenness of an ionization electric field and the breakdown of a cathode and an anode of the electric field are reduced, the ionization dust removal efficiency is improved, and an unexpected technical effect is achieved. The water removal device is not particularly limited, and the invention can be applied to the removal of liquid water in tail gas in the prior art.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system further includes an engine.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removing system may include an air equalizing device. In one embodiment of the invention, the air-equalizing device is arranged in front of the electric field device, so that the air flow entering the electric field device can uniformly pass through the air-equalizing device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the air equalizing device is disposed between the air inlet and the tail gas inlet and between an ionization electric field formed by an electric field anode and an electric field cathode, and when the electric field anode is a square, the air equalizing device includes: the gas inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the anode of the electric field, and the gas outlet pipe is arranged on the other side; wherein, the air inlet pipe is opposite to the air outlet pipe.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the air-equalizing device is disposed between the air inlet and the tail gas inlet and between the ionization electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and when the electric field anode is a cylinder, the air-equalizing device is composed of a plurality of rotatable air-equalizing blades.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the air equalizing device includes a first venturi plate air equalizing mechanism and a second venturi plate air equalizing mechanism disposed at the air outlet end of the electric field anode, the first venturi plate air equalizing mechanism is provided with an air inlet hole, the second venturi plate air equalizing mechanism is provided with an air outlet hole, the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole are arranged in a staggered manner, and the air inlet side is open at the front side to allow air to exit, so as to form a cyclone structure.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode of the electric field device may be a cube, the air-equalizing device may include an air inlet pipe located at one side of the cathode supporting plate and an air outlet pipe located at the other side of the cathode supporting plate, and the cathode supporting plate is located at the air inlet end of the electric field anode; wherein, the side of installation intake pipe is relative with the side of installation outlet duct. The air equalizing device can make the tail gas and air entering the electric field device uniformly pass through the electrostatic field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode may be a cylinder, the wind equalizing device is located between the air inlet, the tail gas inlet, and the ionization electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and the wind equalizing device includes a plurality of wind equalizing blades rotating around the center of the electric field device inlet. The air equalizing device can enable various variable air inflow to uniformly pass through an electric field generated by an electric field anode, and meanwhile, the internal temperature of the electric field anode can be kept constant, and oxygen is sufficient. The air equalizing device can make the tail gas and air entering the electric field device uniformly pass through the electrostatic field.
In an embodiment of the invention, the air equalizing device comprises an air inlet plate arranged at the air inlet end of the electric field anode and an air outlet plate arranged at the air outlet end of the electric field anode, wherein the air inlet plate is provided with an air inlet hole, the air outlet plate is provided with air outlet holes, the air inlet hole and the air outlet holes are arranged in a staggered manner, and air is introduced from the front side and exhausted from the side surface to form a cyclone structure. The air equalizing device can make the tail gas and air entering the electric field device uniformly pass through the electrostatic field.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field device includes a pre-electrode between the electric field device inlet and the ionizing electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode. When gas flows through the pre-electrode from the inlet of the electric field device, particles and the like in the gas are charged.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the front electrode may be a point, a line, a net, a perforated plate, a needle bar, a ball cage, a box, a tube, a natural form of a substance, or a processed form of a substance. When the front electrode is in a porous structure, one or more tail gas through holes are formed in the front electrode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the exhaust gas through hole may be polygonal, circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, or rhombic. In an embodiment of the present invention, the size of the profile of the tail gas through hole may be 0.1-3 mm, 0.1-0.2 mm, 0.2-0.5 mm, 0.5-1 mm, 1-1.2 mm, 1.2-1.5 mm, 1.5-2 mm, 2-2.5 mm, 2.5-2.8 mm, or 2.8-3 mm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the form of the front electrode may be one or a combination of solid, liquid, gas molecular group, plasma, conductive mixed-state substance, natural mixed conductive substance of organism, or artificial processing of object to form conductive substance. When the front electrode is solid, a solid metal, such as 304 steel, or other solid conductor, such as graphite, may be used. When the front electrode is a liquid, it can be an ion-containing conductive liquid.
During operation, the preposed electrode charges the pollutants in the gas before the gas with the pollutants enters the ionization electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode and the gas with the pollutants passes through the preposed electrode. When the gas with the pollutants enters the ionization electric field, the electric field anode exerts attraction force on the charged pollutants, so that the pollutants move towards the electric field anode until the pollutants are attached to the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the pre-electrode introduces electrons into the contaminants, and the electrons are transferred between the contaminants between the pre-electrode and the electric field anode, thereby charging more contaminants. Electrons are conducted between the pre-electrode and the electric field anode through the contaminants and form an electric current.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the pre-electrode charges the contaminants by contacting the contaminants. In an embodiment of the present invention, the pre-electrode charges the contaminants by means of energy fluctuation. In one embodiment of the present invention, the pre-electrode transfers electrons to the contaminants by contacting the contaminants and electrically charges the contaminants. In one embodiment of the present invention, the pre-electrode transfers electrons to the contaminants by means of energy fluctuation, and the contaminants are charged.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pre-electrode is linear, and the electric field anode is planar. In one embodiment of the present invention, the front electrode is perpendicular to the electric field anode. In one embodiment of the present invention, the pre-electrode is parallel to the electric field anode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the front electrode is curved or arc-shaped. In an embodiment of the present invention, the front electrode is a wire mesh. In one embodiment of the present invention, the voltage between the pre-electrode and the electric field anode is different from the voltage between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage between the pre-electrode and the electric field anode is less than the initial corona onset voltage. The initial corona onset voltage is the minimum of the voltage between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. In one embodiment of the present invention, the voltage between the pre-electrode and the electric field anode may be 0.1-2 kv/mm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field device includes an exhaust channel, and the pre-electrode is located in the exhaust channel. The exhaust flow channels are also referred to as first stage flow channels. In an embodiment of the present invention, a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the front electrode to a cross-sectional area of the exhaust channel is 99% to 10%, or 90% to 10%, or 80% to 20%, or 70% to 30%, or 60% to 40%, or 50%. The cross-sectional area of the pre-electrode is the sum of the areas of the pre-electrode along the solid part of the cross-section. In one embodiment of the present invention, the pre-electrode is charged with a negative potential.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the tail gas flows into the tail gas flow channel through the inlet of the electric field device, pollutants such as metal dust, fog drops or aerosol with strong conductivity in the tail gas are directly negatively charged when contacting the front electrode or when the distance between the tail gas and the front electrode reaches a certain range, then all the pollutants enter an ionization electric field along with the gas flow, the electric field anode exerts attraction force on the negatively charged metal dust, fog drops or aerosol, so that the negatively charged pollutants move to the electric field anode until the part of pollutants are attached to the electric field anode to collect the part of pollutants, meanwhile, the ionization electric field formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode obtains oxygen ions through oxygen in ionized gas, and the negatively charged oxygen ions are combined with common dust to negatively charge the common dust, and the electric field anode exerts attraction force on the part of negatively charged pollutants such as dust, make pollutants such as dust remove to the electric field positive pole, until this part pollutant is attached to on the electric field positive pole, realize also collecting pollutants such as this part ordinary dust to collect the pollutant that electric conductivity is stronger and electric conductivity is less strong in the tail gas, and make the electric field positive pole can collect the kind of pollutant more extensive in the tail gas, and the collection ability is stronger, and collection efficiency is higher.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inlet of the electric field device is communicated with the outlet of the engine.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field device may include an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, and an ionization electric field is formed between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. Tail gas gets into the ionization electric field, and the oxygen ion in the tail gas will be ionized to form a large amount of oxygen ions that have an electric charge, particulate matters such as dust combine in oxygen ion and the tail gas, make the particulate matter lotus electric, the electric field positive pole exerts adsorption affinity for the particulate matter of taking the negative charge, makes the particulate matter adsorbed on the electric field positive pole, in order to clear away the particulate matter in the tail gas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode filaments. The diameter of the cathode filament can be 0.1mm-20mm, and the size parameter is adjusted according to the application occasion and the dust accumulation requirement. In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode filament is not greater than 3 mm. In one embodiment of the invention, the cathode wire is made of metal wire or alloy wire which is easy to discharge, is temperature resistant, can support the self weight and is stable in electrochemistry. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode filament is made of titanium. The specific shape of the cathode filament is adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode, for example, if the dust deposition surface of the electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode filament is circular; if the dust deposition surface of the electric field anode is a circular arc surface, the cathode filament needs to be designed into a polyhedral shape. The length of the cathode filament is adjusted according to the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode bars. In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode bar is not greater than 3 mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cathode rod is made of a metal rod or an alloy rod which is easily discharged. The shape of the cathode rod may be needle-like, polygonal, burr-like, threaded rod-like, columnar, or the like. The shape of the cathode bar can be adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode, for example, if the dust deposition surface of the electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode bar needs to be designed to be circular; if the dust deposition surface of the electric field anode is a circular arc surface, the cathode bar needs to be designed into a polyhedral shape.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode is disposed through the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electric field anode comprises one or more hollow anode tubes arranged in parallel. When there are a plurality of hollow anode tubes, all the hollow anode tubes constitute a honeycomb-shaped electric field anode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of the hollow anode tube may be circular or polygonal. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is circular, an even electric field can be formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and dust is not easy to accumulate on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is triangular, 3 dust accumulation surfaces can be formed on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube, 3 far-angle dust containing angles are formed, and the dust containing rate of the hollow anode tube with the structure is highest. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is quadrilateral, 4 dust accumulation surfaces and 4 dust containing corners can be obtained, but the splicing structure is unstable. The polygon may be a hexagon. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is hexagonal, 6 dust accumulation surfaces and 6 dust containing angles can be formed, and the dust accumulation surfaces and the dust containing rate are balanced. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is polygonal, more dust-collecting edges can be obtained, but the dust holding rate is lost. In one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the inner tangent circle of the hollow anode tube ranges from 5mm to 400 mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode may be comprised of a hollow tube bundle. In one embodiment of the present invention, the tube bundle of the electric field anode is honeycomb-shaped.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode is mounted on the cathode supporting plate, and the cathode supporting plate is connected with the electric field anode through the insulating mechanism. In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode includes a first anode portion and a second anode portion, i.e. the first anode portion is close to the inlet of the electric field device, and the second anode portion is close to the outlet of the electric field device. At least one cathode support plate is disposed between the first anode portion and the second anode portion. The cathode supporting plate and the insulating mechanism are arranged between the first anode part and the second anode part, namely the insulating mechanism is arranged in the middle of an ionization electric field or in the middle of an electric field cathode, so that the cathode of the electric field can be well supported, the cathode of the electric field can be fixed relative to the anode of the electric field, and a set distance is kept between the cathode of the electric field and the anode of the electric field. In the prior art, the supporting point of the cathode is at the end point of the cathode, and the distance between the cathode and the anode is difficult to maintain. In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating mechanism is disposed outside the electric field flow channel, i.e., outside the second-stage flow channel, so as to prevent or reduce dust in the exhaust gas from collecting on the insulating mechanism, which may cause the insulating mechanism to break down or conduct electricity.
In an embodiment of the invention, the insulating mechanism adopts a high-voltage-resistant ceramic insulator to insulate the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. The electric field anode is also referred to as a housing.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first anode part is positioned in front of the cathode support plate and the insulating mechanism in the gas flowing direction, and the first anode part can remove water in the tail gas and prevent water from entering the insulating mechanism to cause short circuit and ignition of the insulating mechanism. In addition, the third anode part can remove a considerable part of dust in the tail gas, and when the tail gas passes through the insulating mechanism, the considerable part of dust is eliminated, so that the possibility of short circuit of the insulating mechanism caused by the dust is reduced. In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulation mechanism includes an insulation porcelain rod. The design of first anode portion mainly is in order to protect insulating knob insulator not polluted by particulate matter etc. in the gas, in case gas pollution insulating knob insulator will cause electric field positive pole and electric field negative pole to switch on to the laying dust function that makes electric field positive pole is inefficacy, so the design of first anode portion can effectively reduce insulating knob insulator and be polluted, improves the live time of product. In the process that the tail gas flows through the second-stage flow channel, the first anode part and the electric field cathode contact polluted gas firstly, and the insulating mechanism contacts the gas later, so that the purpose of removing dust firstly and then passing through the insulating mechanism is achieved, the pollution to the insulating mechanism is reduced, the cleaning and maintenance period is prolonged, and the corresponding electrode is supported in an insulating mode after being used. In an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the first anode portion is long enough to remove a portion of dust, reduce dust accumulated on the insulating mechanism and the cathode supporting plate, and reduce electrical breakdown caused by dust. In an embodiment of the invention, the length of the first anode portion is 1/10-1/4, 1/4-1/3, 1/3-1/2, 1/2-2/3, 2/3-3/4, or 3/4-9/10 of the length of the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the invention the second anode portion is located after the cathode support plate and the insulating means in the exhaust gas flow direction. The second anode part comprises a dust deposition section and a reserved dust deposition section. The dust accumulation section adsorbs particles in the tail gas by utilizing static electricity, and the dust accumulation section is used for increasing the dust accumulation area and prolonging the service time of the electric field device. The reserved dust accumulation section can provide failure protection for the dust accumulation section. The dust accumulation section is reserved to further increase the dust accumulation area on the premise of meeting the design dust removal requirement. And reserving a dust accumulation section for supplementing the dust accumulation of the front section. In an embodiment of the invention, the reserved dust-laying section and the first anode part can use different power supplies.
In an embodiment of the present invention, since there is a very high potential difference between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode, in order to prevent the electric field cathode and the electric field anode from being conducted, the insulating mechanism is disposed outside the second-stage flow channel between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. Therefore, the insulating mechanism is suspended outside the electric field anode. In one embodiment of the present invention, the insulating mechanism may be made of non-conductive temperature-resistant materials, such as ceramics, glass, etc. In one embodiment of the invention, the insulation of the completely closed air-free material requires that the insulation isolation thickness is more than 0.3 mm/kv; air insulation requirements >1.4 mm/kv. The insulation distance may be set according to 1.4 times the inter-polar distance between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. In one embodiment of the invention, the insulating mechanism is made of ceramic, and the surface of the insulating mechanism is glazed; the connection can not be filled by using adhesive or organic materials, and the temperature resistance is higher than 350 ℃.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulation mechanism includes an insulation portion and a heat insulation portion. In order to make the insulating mechanism have the anti-pollution function, the insulating part is made of a ceramic material or a glass material. In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating portion may be an umbrella-shaped string ceramic column, an umbrella-shaped string glass column, a column-shaped string ceramic column or a column-shaped glass column, and glaze is hung inside and outside the umbrella or inside and outside the column. The distance between the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column and the anode of the electric field is 1.4 times larger than the distance between the electric field and the anode of the electric field, the sum of the distances between the umbrella protruding edges of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column is 1.4 times larger than the insulation distance between the umbrella protruding edges of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column, and the total depth inside the umbrella edge of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column is 1.4 times larger than the insulation distance between the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column. The insulating part can also be a columnar ceramic column or a glass column, and glaze is hung inside and outside the column. In an embodiment of the invention, the insulating portion may also be in a tower shape.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a heating rod is disposed in the insulating portion, and when the ambient temperature of the insulating portion approaches the dew point, the heating rod is activated to perform heating. Because the inside and outside of the insulating part have temperature difference during use, condensation is easily generated inside and outside the insulating part. The outer surface of the insulation may be heated spontaneously or by gas to generate high temperature, which requires necessary insulation protection and scalding prevention. The heat insulation part comprises a protective enclosure baffle positioned outside the second insulation part and a denitration purification reaction cavity. In an embodiment of the invention, the tail part of the insulating part needs to be insulated from the condensation position, so that the condensation component is prevented from being heated by the environment and the heat dissipation high temperature.
In one embodiment of the invention, the outgoing line of the power supply of the electric field device is connected in a wall-crossing manner by using the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the glass column, the elastic contact head is used for connecting the cathode supporting plate in the wall, the sealed insulation protection wiring cap is used for plugging and pulling out the wall, and the insulation distance between the outgoing line conductor and the wall is greater than that of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the glass column. In one embodiment of the invention, the high-voltage part is provided with no lead and is directly arranged on the end head, so that the safety is ensured, the high-voltage module is wholly insulated and protected by ip68, and heat exchange and heat dissipation are realized by using a medium.
In one embodiment of the present invention, an asymmetric structure is adopted between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. In the symmetrical electric field, the polar particles are subjected to an acting force with the same magnitude and opposite directions, and the polar particles reciprocate in the electric field; in an asymmetric electric field, the polar particles are subjected to two acting forces with different magnitudes, and the polar particles move towards the direction with the large acting force, so that the generation of coupling can be avoided.
An ionization electric field is formed between an electric field cathode and an electric field anode of the electric field device. In order to reduce the electric field coupling of the ionizing electric field, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method for reducing the electric field coupling includes the following steps: the ratio of the dust collecting area of the electric field anode to the discharging area of the electric field cathode is selected to make the electric field coupling frequency less than or equal to 3. In an embodiment of the present invention, a ratio of the dust collecting area of the electric field anode to the discharging area of the electric field cathode may be: 1.667: 1-1680: 1; 3.334: 1-113.34: 1; 6.67: 1-56.67: 1; 13.34: 1-28.33: 1. the embodiment selects the relatively large-area dust collecting area of the electric field anode and the relatively small-area discharge area of the electric field cathode, and specifically selects the area ratio, so that the discharge area of the electric field cathode can be reduced, the suction force is reduced, the dust collecting area of the electric field anode is enlarged, the suction force is enlarged, namely, asymmetric electrode suction force is generated between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode, dust after charging falls into the dust collecting surface of the electric field anode, although the polarity is changed, the dust cannot be sucked away by the electric field cathode, the electric field coupling is reduced, and the electric field coupling frequency is less than or equal to 3. That is, when the electric field interpolar distance is less than 150mm, the electric field coupling frequency is less than or equal to 3, the electric field energy consumption is low, the coupling consumption of the electric field to aerosol, water mist, oil mist and loose and smooth particles can be reduced, and the electric field electric energy is saved by 30-50%. The dust collection area refers to the area of the working surface of the electric field anode, for example, if the electric field anode is in a hollow regular hexagon tube shape, the dust collection area is the inner surface area of the hollow regular hexagon tube shape, and the dust collection area is also called as the dust deposition area. The discharge area refers to the area of the working surface of the electric field cathode, for example, if the electric field cathode is rod-shaped, the discharge area is the outer surface area of the rod.
In an embodiment of the invention, the length of the electric field anode can be 10-180mm, 10-20 mm, 20-30 mm, 60-180mm, 30-40 mm, 40-50 mm, 50-60 mm, 60-70 mm, 70-80 mm, 80-90 mm, 90-100 mm, 100-110 mm, 110-120 mm, 120-130 mm, 130-140 mm, 140-150 mm, 150-160 mm, 160-170 mm, 170-180 mm, 60mm, 180mm, 10mm or 30 mm. The length of the electric field anode refers to the minimum length from one end of the working surface of the electric field anode to the other end. The length of the electric field anode is selected to effectively reduce electric field coupling.
In an embodiment of the invention, the length of the electric field anode can be 10-90mm, 15-20 mm, 20-25 mm, 25-30 mm, 30-35 mm, 35-40 mm, 40-45 mm, 45-50 mm, 50-55 mm, 55-60 mm, 60-65 mm, 65-70 mm, 70-75 mm, 75-80 mm, 80-85 mm or 85-90 mm, and the design of the length can enable the electric field anode and the electric field device to have high temperature resistance and enable the electric field device to have high-efficiency dust collecting capability under high-temperature impact.
In an embodiment of the invention, the length of the electric field cathode may be 30-180mm, 54-176mm, 30-40 mm, 40-50 mm, 50-54 mm, 54-60 mm, 60-70 mm, 70-80 mm, 80-90 mm, 90-100 mm, 100-110 mm, 110-120 mm, 120-130 mm, 130-140 mm, 140-150 mm, 150-160 mm, 160-170 mm, 170-176 mm, 170-180 mm, 54mm, 180mm, or 30 mm. The length of the field cathode refers to the minimum length from one end of the working surface of the field cathode to the other. The length of the electric field cathode is selected to effectively reduce electric field coupling.
In an embodiment of the invention, the length of the electric field cathode can be 10-90mm, 15-20 mm, 20-25 mm, 25-30 mm, 30-35 mm, 35-40 mm, 40-45 mm, 45-50 mm, 50-55 mm, 55-60 mm, 60-65 mm, 65-70 mm, 70-75 mm, 75-80 mm, 80-85 mm or 85-90 mm, and the design of the length can enable the electric field cathode and the electric field device to have high temperature resistance and enable the electric field device to have high-efficiency dust collecting capability under high-temperature impact. Wherein, when the temperature of the electric field is 200 ℃, the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 99.9 percent; when the temperature of the electric field is 400 ℃, the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 90 percent; when the temperature of the electric field is 500 ℃, the corresponding dust collecting efficiency is 50%.
In an embodiment of the invention, the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode may be 5-30 mm, 2.5-139.9mm, 9.9-139.9 mm, 2.5-9.9 mm, 9.9-20 mm, 20-30 mm, 30-40 mm, 40-50 mm, 50-60 mm, 60-70 mm, 70-80 mm, 80-90 mm, 90-100 mm, 100-110 mm, 110-120 mm, 120-130 mm, 130-139.9 mm, 9.9mm, 139.9mm, or 2.5 m. The distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is also referred to as the pole pitch. The inter-polar distance specifically refers to the minimum vertical distance between the working surfaces of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode. The selection of the polar distance can effectively reduce the electric field coupling and enables the electric field device to have high temperature resistance.
In one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 1-3 mm, and the distance between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 2.5-139.9 mm; the ratio of the dust deposition area of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the discharge area of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 1.667: 1-1680: 1.
in view of the unique properties of ionized dust removal, ionized dust removal may be useful for removing particulate matter from gases, such as may be used for removing particulate matter from engine exhaust. However, after many years of research in universities, research institutions and enterprises, the existing electric field dust removal device is still not suitable for being used in vehicles. First, the electric field dust removing apparatus in the prior art is too bulky to be installed in a vehicle. Secondly, importantly, the electric field dust removal device in the prior art can only remove about 70% of particulate matters, and can not meet the emission standard of many countries.
The inventor of the present invention has found that the disadvantage of the electric field dust removing device in the prior art is caused by electric field coupling. The invention can obviously reduce the size (namely the volume) of the electric field dust removal device by reducing the coupling times of the electric field. For example, the size of the ionization dust removal device provided by the invention is about one fifth of the size of the existing ionization dust removal device. The reason is that the gas flow rate is set to be about 1m/s in the existing ionized dust removing device in order to obtain acceptable particle removal rate, but the invention can still obtain higher particle removal rate under the condition of increasing the gas flow rate to 6 m/s. When a given flow of gas is treated, the size of the electric field dust collector can be reduced as the gas velocity is increased.
In addition, the invention can obviously improve the particle removal efficiency. For example, the prior art electric field dust removing device can remove about 70% of the particulate matter in the engine exhaust gas at a gas flow rate of about 1m/s, but the present invention can remove about 99% of the particulate matter even at a gas flow rate of 6 m/s. Therefore, the present invention can satisfy the latest emission standards.
The present invention achieves the above-noted unexpected results as the inventors have discovered the effect of electric field coupling and have found a way to reduce the number of electric field couplings. Therefore, the present invention can be used to manufacture an electric field dust removing apparatus suitable for vehicles.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field apparatus further includes an auxiliary electric field unit for generating an auxiliary electric field that is not parallel to the ionizing electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field apparatus further includes an auxiliary electric field unit, the ionization electric field unit includes a flow channel, and the auxiliary electric field unit is configured to generate an auxiliary electric field that is not perpendicular to the flow channel.
In an embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary electric field unit includes a first electrode, and the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is disposed at or near the inlet of the ionization electric field. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode is a cathode. In an embodiment of the invention, the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the electric field cathode. In an embodiment of the invention, the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit and the electric field anode have an included angle α, and 0 ° < α ≦ 125 °, or 45 ° ≦ α ≦ 125 °, or 60 ° ≦ α ≦ 100 °, or α ≦ 90 °.
In an embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary electric field unit includes a second electrode, and the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is disposed at or near the outlet of the ionization electric field. In an embodiment of the invention, the second electrode is an anode. In an embodiment of the invention, the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the electric field anode. In one embodiment of the present invention, the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit and the electric field cathode have an included angle α, and α is greater than 0 ° and less than 125 °, or α is greater than 45 ° and less than 125 °, or α is greater than 60 ° and less than 100 °, or α is greater than 90 °.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electrodes of the auxiliary electric field and the electrodes of the ionization electric field are independently disposed.
The ionizing electric field between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is also referred to as the third electric field. In an embodiment of the invention, a fourth electric field not parallel to the third electric field is formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode. In another embodiment of the present invention, the flow channel of the fourth electric field and the ionization electric field is not perpendicular. The fourth electric field, also called auxiliary electric field, can be formed by one or two second auxiliary electrodes. When the fourth electric field is formed by a second auxiliary electrode, which may be placed at the entrance or exit of the ionizing electric field, the second auxiliary electrode may be charged to a negative potential, or to a positive potential. Wherein, when the second auxiliary electrode is a cathode, it is arranged at or near the inlet of the ionization electric field; the second auxiliary electrode and the electric field anode form an included angle alpha, and the alpha is more than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or more than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 100 degrees, or more than or equal to 90 degrees. When the second auxiliary electrode is an anode, the second auxiliary electrode is arranged at or close to an outlet of the ionization electric field; the second auxiliary electrode and the electric field cathode form an included angle alpha, and the alpha is more than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or more than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 100 degrees, or more than or equal to 90 degrees. When the fourth electric field is formed by two second auxiliary electrodes, one of the second auxiliary electrodes may be charged with a negative potential and the other of the second auxiliary electrodes may be charged with a positive potential; one second auxiliary electrode may be placed at the entrance of the ionizing electric field and the other second auxiliary electrode at the exit of the ionizing electric field. In addition, the second auxiliary electrode may be a part of the electric field cathode or the electric field anode, that is, the second auxiliary electrode may be formed by an extension of the electric field cathode or the electric field anode, in which case the lengths of the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are different. The second auxiliary electrode may also be a single electrode, that is, the second auxiliary electrode may not be a part of the electric field cathode or the electric field anode, and in this case, the voltage of the fourth electric field is different from the voltage of the third electric field, and may be individually controlled according to the operating condition.
The fourth electric field is capable of applying a force to the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode toward the exit of the ionization electric field such that the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode has a velocity of movement toward the exit. Flowing into the ionization electric field at tail gas, and to the export direction flow in-process of ionization electric field, the oxygen ion of taking the negative charge is also moving to electric field positive pole and to the export direction of ionization electric field, and the oxygen ion of taking the negative charge will combine with particulate matter etc. in the tail gas to electric field positive pole and to the export movement in-process of ionization electric field, because the oxygen ion has the removal velocity to the export, the oxygen ion is when combining with the particulate matter, can not produce stronger collision between the two, thereby avoid causing great energy consumption because of stronger collision, guarantee that the oxygen ion easily combines together with the particulate matter, and make the charged efficiency of particulate matter in the gas higher, and then under the effect of electric field positive pole, can collect more particulate matter, guarantee that electric field device's dust collection efficiency is higher. The collection rate of the particles entering the electric field along the ion flow direction is improved by nearly one time by the electric field device compared with the collection rate of the particles entering the electric field along the reverse ion flow direction, so that the dust deposition efficiency of the electric field is improved, and the power consumption of the electric field is reduced. In addition, the main reason that the dust collection efficiency of the dust collection electric field in the prior art is low is that the direction of dust entering the electric field is opposite to or perpendicular to the direction of ion flow in the electric field, so that the dust and the ion flow collide violently with each other and generate large energy consumption, and the charge efficiency is also influenced, so that the dust collection efficiency of the electric field in the prior art is reduced, and the energy consumption is increased. When the electric field device collects dust in gas, the gas and the dust enter the electric field along the ion flow direction, the dust is fully charged, and the electric field consumption is low; the dust collecting efficiency of the monopole electric field can reach 99.99%. When tail gas and dust enter the electric field along the direction of the counter ion flow, the electric charge of the dust is insufficient, the power consumption of the electric field is increased, and the dust collection efficiency is 40-75%. The ion flow generated by the electric field device in one embodiment of the present invention facilitates unpowered fan fluid transport, oxygen enrichment, or heat exchange, among other things.
Along with, the electric field positive pole continuously collects the particulate matter etc. in the tail gas, and particulate matter etc. pile up and form the carbon black on the electric field positive pole, and carbon black thickness constantly increases, makes the utmost point interval reduce. In one embodiment of the invention, the current of the electric field is detected to be increased, the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon is utilized, the injection current is limited by matching with the increased voltage, so that the rapid discharge generated at the carbon deposition position generates a large amount of plasma, the low-temperature plasma deeply oxidizes organic components in the carbon black, the high molecular bond is broken, and micromolecular carbon dioxide and water are formed, so that the carbon black cleaning is completed. Because oxygen in the air participates in ionization at the same time to form ozone, the ozone molecular group catches deposited oil stain molecular groups at the same time, the breakage of carbon-hydrogen bonds in oil stain molecules is accelerated, and partial oil molecules are carbonized, so that the purpose of purifying the volatile matters in the tail gas is achieved. In addition, carbon black cleaning is achieved using plasma to achieve results not achieved by conventional cleaning methods. Plasma is a state of matter, also called the fourth state of matter, and is not a common solid, liquid, gas state. Sufficient energy is applied to the gas to ionize it into a plasma state. The "active" components of the plasma include: ions, electrons, atoms, reactive groups, excited state species (metastable state), photons, and the like. In an embodiment of the present invention, when the electric field is accumulated with dust, the electric field device detects the electric field current, and the carbon black cleaning is implemented by any one of the following methods:
(1) when the field current increases to a given value, the field device increases the field voltage.
(2) When the electric field current increases to a given value, the electric field device utilizes the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to complete the carbon black cleaning.
(3) When the electric field current increases to a given value, the electric field device utilizes the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to increase the voltage, and limits the injection current to finish the carbon black cleaning.
(4) When the electric field current increases to a given value, the electric field device utilizes the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to increase the voltage and limit the injection current, so that the rapid discharge generated at the carbon deposition position of the anode generates plasma, the plasma deeply oxidizes the organic components of the carbon black, the macromolecular bonds are broken, micromolecular carbon dioxide and water are formed, and the carbon black cleaning is completed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the electric field is deposited with dust to a certain degree, the electric field device performs a soot removing process.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field device detects the electric field current to determine whether the dust is deposited to a certain extent, and the soot removing process is required.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field device increases the voltage of the electric field to perform the soot removing process.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field device utilizes the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to perform the soot removing process.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field anode and the electric field cathode are electrically connected to two electrodes of the power supply respectively. The voltage loaded on the electric field anode and the electric field cathode needs to be selected with proper voltage levels, and the specific selection of which voltage level depends on the volume, temperature resistance, dust holding rate and the like of the electric field device. For example, the voltage is from 1kv to 50 kv; the design firstly considers the temperature-resistant condition, the parameters of the inter-polar distance and the temperature: 1MM is less than 30 degrees, the dust accumulation area is more than 0.1 square/kilocubic meter/hour, the length of the electric field is more than 5 times of the inscribed circle of the single tube, and the air flow velocity of the electric field is controlled to be less than 9 meters/second. In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode is formed of a second hollow anode tube and has a honeycomb shape. The second hollow anode tube port may be circular or polygonal in shape. In one embodiment of the invention, the value range of the internal tangent circle of the second hollow anode tube is 5-400mm, the corresponding voltage is 0.1-120kv, and the corresponding current of the second hollow anode tube is 0.1-30A; different inscribed circles correspond to different corona voltages, approximately 1KV/1 MM.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field device includes a second electric field stage, the second electric field stage includes a plurality of second electric field generating units, and there may be one or more second electric field generating units. The second electric field generating unit is also called a second dust collecting unit, and the second dust collecting unit comprises the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and the second dust collecting unit is provided with one or more than one. When the number of the second electric field stages is multiple, the dust collection efficiency of the electric field device can be effectively improved. In the same second electric field stage, the anodes of the electric fields have the same polarity, and the cathodes of the electric fields have the same polarity. And when the second electric field stage is multiple, all the second electric field stages are connected in series. In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field device further includes a plurality of connecting housings, and the second electric field stages connected in series are connected by the connecting housings; the distance of the second electric field stage of two adjacent stages is more than 1.4 times of the pole pitch.
In one embodiment of the present invention, an electric field is used to charge the electret material. In the event of a failure of the electric field device, the charged electret material will be used to remove dust.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field device includes an electret element.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electret element is disposed in the electric field anode.
In an embodiment of the invention, when the electric field anode and the electric field cathode are powered on, the electret element is in the ionization electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electret element is close to the outlet of the electric field device, or the electret element is disposed at the outlet of the electric field device.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field anode and the electric field cathode form an exhaust channel, and the electret element is disposed in the exhaust channel.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas channel includes an exhaust gas channel outlet, and the electret element is close to the exhaust gas channel outlet, or the electret element is disposed at the exhaust gas channel outlet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a cross section of the electret element in the exhaust channel occupies 5% to 100% of the cross section of the exhaust channel.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of the electret element in the exhaust gas channel is 10% -90%, 20% -80%, or 40% -60% of the cross-section of the exhaust gas channel.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a cross section of the electret element in the exhaust channel is 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 90% or 100% of a cross section of the exhaust channel.
In an embodiment of the invention, the ionizing electric field charges the electret element.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electret element has a porous structure.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electret element is a fabric.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field anode has a tubular inner portion, the electret element has a tubular outer portion, and the electret element is externally sleeved in the electric field anode.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electret element and the electric field anode are detachably connected.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the electret element includes an inorganic compound having a electret property. The electret performance refers to the capability of an electret element to have charges after being charged by an external power supply and still keep certain charges under the condition of being completely separated from the power supply, so that the electret element can serve as an electrode to function as an electric field electrode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic compound is selected from one or more of an oxygen-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, or a glass fiber.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of a metal-based oxide, an oxygen-containing compound, and an oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal-based oxide is selected from one or more of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, barium oxide, tantalum oxide, silicon oxide, lead oxide, and tin oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal-based oxide is aluminum oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of a zirconium titanium compound oxide and a barium titanium compound oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt is selected from one or more of zirconium titanate, lead zirconate titanate and barium titanate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen-containing compound is silicon nitride.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the electret element includes an organic compound having a electret property. The electret performance refers to the capability of an electret element to have charges after being charged by an external power supply and still keep certain charges under the condition of being completely separated from the power supply, so that the electret element can serve as an electrode to function as an electric field electrode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the organic compound is selected from one or more of fluoropolymer, polycarbonate, PP, PE, PVC, natural wax, resin, and rosin.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fluoropolymer is selected from one or more of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (Teflon-FEP), soluble Polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.
The electric field device generates an ionization electric field under the condition of upper electric drive voltage, part of objects to be treated are ionized by the ionization electric field, particles in the tail gas are adsorbed, and the electret element is charged at the same time.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field apparatus includes a water removal mechanism, and the water removal mechanism is capable of cold start dust removal.
A tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, removing liquid water in the tail gas, and then ionizing and dedusting.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the tail gas is more than or equal to 100 ℃, the tail gas is subjected to ionization dust removal.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the tail gas is less than or equal to 90 ℃, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed, and then the tail gas is ionized for dust removal.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the tail gas is less than or equal to 80 ℃, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed, and then the tail gas is ionized for dust removal.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the tail gas is less than or equal to 70 ℃, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed, and then the tail gas is ionized for dust removal.
In one embodiment of the invention, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed by an electrocoagulation demisting method, and then ionized dust removal is carried out.
In one embodiment of the present invention, any prior art water removal method is used to remove liquid water from the tail gas, followed by ionization for dust removal.
For the tail gas system, in an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides an electric field dust removing method, including the following steps:
passing the dusty gas through an ionization electric field generated by an electric field anode and an electric field cathode;
when the electric field is accumulated with dust, dust removal treatment is carried out.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the detected field current increases to a given value, a dust removal process is performed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the electric field is accumulated with dust, the dust is cleaned by any one of the following methods:
(1) the dust cleaning treatment is completed by utilizing the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon.
(2) The electric field back corona discharge phenomenon is utilized, the voltage is increased, the injection current is limited, and the dust removal treatment is completed.
(3) The electric field back corona discharge phenomenon is utilized, the voltage is increased, the injection current is limited, the rapid discharge generated at the anode dust deposition position generates plasma, the plasma deeply oxidizes the organic components of the dust, the macromolecular bonds are broken, and micromolecular carbon dioxide and water are formed, so that the dust cleaning treatment is completed.
Preferably, the dust is carbon black.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode filaments. The diameter of the cathode filament can be 0.1mm-20mm, and the size parameter is adjusted according to the application occasion and the dust accumulation requirement. In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode filament is not greater than 3 mm. In one embodiment of the invention, the cathode wire is made of metal wire or alloy wire which is easy to discharge, is temperature resistant, can support the self weight and is stable in electrochemistry. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode filament is made of titanium. The specific shape of the cathode filament is adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode, for example, if the dust deposition surface of the electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode filament is circular; if the dust deposition surface of the electric field anode is a circular arc surface, the cathode filament needs to be designed into a polyhedral shape. The length of the cathode filament is adjusted according to the electric field anode.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode bars. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode bar is not greater than 3 mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cathode rod is made of a metal rod or an alloy rod which is easily discharged. The shape of the cathode rod may be needle-like, polygonal, burr-like, threaded rod-like, columnar, or the like. The shape of the cathode bar can be adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode, for example, if the dust deposition surface of the electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode bar needs to be designed to be circular; if the dust deposition surface of the electric field anode is a circular arc surface, the cathode bar needs to be designed into a polyhedral shape.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode is disposed through the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode comprises one or more hollow anode tubes disposed in parallel. When there are a plurality of hollow anode tubes, all the hollow anode tubes constitute a honeycomb-shaped electric field anode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of the hollow anode tube may be circular or polygonal. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is circular, an even electric field can be formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and dust is not easy to accumulate on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is triangular, 3 dust accumulation surfaces can be formed on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube, 3 far-angle dust containing angles are formed, and the dust containing rate of the hollow anode tube with the structure is highest. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is quadrilateral, 4 dust accumulation surfaces and 4 dust containing corners can be obtained, but the splicing structure is unstable. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is hexagonal, 6 dust accumulation surfaces and 6 dust containing angles can be formed, and the dust accumulation surfaces and the dust containing rate are balanced. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is polygonal, more dust-collecting edges can be obtained, but the dust holding rate is lost. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the inner circle of the hollow anode tube ranges from 5mm to 400 mm.
For the exhaust system, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for reducing coupling of a dust removal electric field, comprising the steps of:
leading the tail gas to pass through an ionization electric field generated by an electric field anode and an electric field cathode;
the electric field anode or/and the electric field cathode are selected.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the size of the electric field anode and/or the electric field cathode is selected such that the number of electric field couplings is less than or equal to 3.
Specifically, the ratio of the dust collection area of the field anode to the discharge area of the field cathode is selected. Preferably, the ratio of the dust deposition area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is selected to be 1.667: 1-1680: 1.
more preferably, the ratio of the dust deposition area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is selected to be 6.67: 1-56.67: 1.
in one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 1-3 mm, and the distance between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 2.5-139.9 mm; the ratio of the dust deposition area of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the discharge area of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 1.667: 1-1680: 1.
preferably, the inter-polar distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be less than 150 mm.
Preferably, the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be 2.5-139.9 mm. More preferably, the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be 5.0-100 mm.
Preferably, the length of the electric field anode is selected to be 10-180 mm. More preferably, the length of the electric field anode is selected to be 60-180 mm.
Preferably, the length of the electric field cathode is selected to be 30-180 mm. More preferably, the length of the electric field cathode is selected to be 54-176 mm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the coupling frequency of the ionizing electric field is less than or equal to 3. In one embodiment of the present invention, the voltage of the ionizing electric field ranges from 1kv to 50 kv.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode filaments. The diameter of the cathode filament can be 0.1mm-20mm, and the size parameter is adjusted according to the application occasion and the dust accumulation requirement. In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode filament is not greater than 3 mm. In one embodiment of the invention, the cathode wire is made of metal wire or alloy wire which is easy to discharge, is temperature resistant, can support the self weight and is stable in electrochemistry. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode filament is made of titanium. The specific shape of the cathode filament is adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode, for example, if the dust deposition surface of the electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode filament is circular; if the dust deposition surface of the electric field anode is a circular arc surface, the cathode filament needs to be designed into a polyhedral shape. The length of the cathode filament is adjusted according to the electric field anode.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode bars. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode bar is not greater than 3 mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cathode rod is made of a metal rod or an alloy rod which is easily discharged. The shape of the cathode rod may be needle-like, polygonal, burr-like, threaded rod-like, columnar, or the like. The shape of the cathode bar can be adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode, for example, if the dust deposition surface of the electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode bar needs to be designed to be circular; if the dust deposition surface of the electric field anode is a circular arc surface, the cathode bar needs to be designed into a polyhedral shape.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode is disposed through the electric field anode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode comprises one or more hollow anode tubes disposed in parallel. When there are a plurality of hollow anode tubes, all the hollow anode tubes constitute a honeycomb-shaped electric field anode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of the hollow anode tube may be circular or polygonal. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is circular, an even electric field can be formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and dust is not easy to accumulate on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is triangular, 3 dust accumulation surfaces can be formed on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube, 3 far-angle dust containing angles are formed, and the dust containing rate of the hollow anode tube with the structure is highest. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is quadrilateral, 4 dust accumulation surfaces and 4 dust containing corners can be obtained, but the splicing structure is unstable. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is hexagonal, 6 dust accumulation surfaces and 6 dust containing angles can be formed, and the dust accumulation surfaces and the dust containing rate are balanced. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is polygonal, more dust-collecting edges can be obtained, but the dust holding rate is lost. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the inner circle of the hollow anode tube ranges from 5mm to 400 mm.
A tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps:
1) adsorbing the particulate matters in the tail gas by using an ionization electric field;
2) the electret element is charged with an ionizing electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electret element is close to the outlet of the electric field device, or the electret element is disposed at the outlet of the electric field device.
In an embodiment of the invention, the electric field anode and the electric field cathode form an exhaust channel, and the electret element is disposed in the exhaust channel.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas channel includes an exhaust gas channel outlet, and the electret element is close to the exhaust gas channel outlet, or the electret element is disposed at the exhaust gas channel outlet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the ionization field has no driving voltage, the charged electret element is used to adsorb the particles in the exhaust gas.
In one embodiment of the present invention, after the charged electret element absorbs certain particles in the exhaust gas, the charged electret element is replaced with a new electret element.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the ionization field is restarted to adsorb the particulate matter in the exhaust gas after the electret element is replaced with a new one, and the new electret element is charged.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the electret element includes an inorganic compound having a electret property. The electret performance refers to the capability of an electret element to have charges after being charged by an external power supply and still keep certain charges under the condition of being completely separated from the power supply, so that the electret element can serve as an electrode to function as an electric field electrode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic compound is selected from one or more of an oxygen-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, or a glass fiber.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of a metal-based oxide, an oxygen-containing compound, and an oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal-based oxide is selected from one or more of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, barium oxide, tantalum oxide, silicon oxide, lead oxide, and tin oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal-based oxide is aluminum oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of a zirconium titanium compound oxide and a barium titanium compound oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt is selected from one or more of zirconium titanate, lead zirconate titanate and barium titanate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen-containing compound is silicon nitride.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the electret element includes an organic compound having a electret property. The electret performance refers to the capability of an electret element to have charges after being charged by an external power supply and still keep certain charges under the condition of being completely separated from the power supply, so that the electret element can serve as an electrode to function as an electric field electrode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the organic compound is selected from one or more of fluoropolymer, polycarbonate, PP, PE, PVC, natural wax, resin, and rosin.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fluoropolymer is selected from one or more of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (Teflon-FEP), soluble Polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.
The invention also provides a vehicle which comprises the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system.
The invention also provides a method of purifying air in a polluted area comprising driving said vehicle in the polluted area.
Example 1
The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system comprises a tail gas treatment device, wherein the tail gas treatment device is used for treating waste gas to be discharged into the atmosphere.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas treatment device in an embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the exhaust gas treatment device 102 includes an electric field device 1021, an insulation mechanism 1022, an air-equalizing device, a water-removing device, and an exhaust gas cooling device.
The electric field apparatus 1021 comprises an electric field anode 10211 and an electric field cathode 10212 arranged in the electric field anode 10211, an asymmetric electrostatic field is formed between the electric field anode 10211 and the electric field cathode 10212, wherein after the gas containing the particles enters the electric field apparatus 1021 through the exhaust port, the gas is ionized due to discharge of the electric field cathode 10212, so that the particles obtain a negative charge, move to the electric field anode 10211, and deposit on the electric field cathode 10212.
Specifically, the electric field cathode 10212 is composed of a honeycomb-shaped and hollow anode tube bundle group, and the shape of the end opening of the anode tube bundle is hexagonal.
The electric field cathode 10212 includes a plurality of electrode rods, which are inserted through each anode tube bundle in the anode tube bundle group in a one-to-one correspondence manner, wherein the electrode rods are needle-shaped, polygonal, burred, threaded rod-shaped or columnar. The diameter of the electrode rod may be no more than 3 mm.
In this embodiment, the air inlet of the electric field cathode 10212 is lower than the air inlet of the electric field anode 10211, and the air outlet of the electric field cathode 10212 is flush with the air outlet of the electric field anode 10211, so that an accelerating electric field is formed inside the electric field device 1021.
The insulating mechanism 1022 suspended outside the air duct includes an insulating portion and a heat insulating portion. The insulating part is made of ceramic materials or glass materials. The insulating part is an umbrella-shaped string ceramic column, and glaze is hung inside and outside the umbrella. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an umbrella-shaped insulating mechanism in an embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field cathode is mounted on the cathode support plate 10213, and the cathode support plate 10213 is connected to the electric field anode 10211 through the insulating mechanism 1022. In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field anode 10211 includes a first anode portion 102112 and a second anode portion 102111, i.e., the first anode portion 102112 is near the electric field device inlet and the second anode portion 102111 is near the electric field device outlet. The cathode support plate 10213 and the insulating mechanism 1022 are disposed between the first anode portion 102112 and the second anode portion 102111, that is, the insulating mechanism 1022 is disposed between the ionization electric field and the electric field cathode 10212, so as to support the electric field cathode 10212 well and fix the electric field cathode 10212 with respect to the electric field anode 10211, thereby maintaining a predetermined distance between the electric field cathode 10212 and the electric field anode 10211.
The air equalizing device 1023 is arranged at the air inlet end of the electric field device 1021. Please refer to fig. 3A, fig. 3B and fig. 3C, which are three structural diagrams of the wind equalizing device.
As shown in fig. 3A, when the electric field anode 10211 is cylindrical in shape, the air-equalizing device 1023 is located between the air inlet, the exhaust gas inlet, and the ionization electric field formed by the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and is composed of a plurality of air-equalizing blades 10231 rotating around the centers of the exhaust gas inlet and the air inlet. The air equalizing device 1023 can make the air inflow of the engine changing at various rotating speeds uniformly pass through the electric field generated by the electric field anode. Meanwhile, the temperature inside the electric field anode can be kept constant, and oxygen is sufficient.
As shown in fig. 3B, when the electric field anode 10211 has a cubic shape, the wind equalizing device includes:
an air inlet pipe 10232 arranged on one side of the electric field anode; and
an air outlet pipe 10233 arranged at the other side edge of the electric field anode; wherein, the side edge of the air inlet pipe 10232 is opposite to the other side edge of the air outlet pipe 10233.
As shown in fig. 3C, the air-equalizing device may further include a second venturi plate air-equalizing mechanism 10234 disposed at the air inlet end of the electric field anode and a third venturi plate air-equalizing mechanism 10235 disposed at the air outlet end of the electric field anode (the third venturi plate air-equalizing mechanism is folded when viewed from the top), the third venturi plate air-equalizing mechanism is provided with an air inlet hole, the third venturi plate air-equalizing mechanism is provided with an air outlet hole, the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole are arranged in a staggered manner, and the air inlet hole is opened on the front air inlet side to form a cyclone structure.
The water removal device is used for removing liquid water before an inlet of the electric field device, when the temperature of tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, the water removal device removes the liquid water in the tail gas, and the water removal device 207 is any water removal device in the prior art.
Example 2
The electric field device shown in fig. 4 includes an electric field anode 10141, an electric field cathode 10142, and an electret element 205, wherein an ionization electric field is formed when the electric field anode 10141 and the electric field cathode 10142 are powered on, the electret element 205 is disposed in the ionization electric field, and an arrow direction in fig. 4 is a flow direction of a to-be-treated material. The electret element is arranged at the outlet of the electric field device. The ionizing electric field charges the electret element. The electret element has a porous structure, and the material of the electret element is alumina. The inside of the electric field anode is tubular, the outside of the electret element is tubular, and the outside of the electret element is sleeved inside the electric field anode. The electret element is detachably connected with the electric field anode.
An electrostatic dust removal method comprises the following steps:
a) adsorbing the particulate matters in the tail gas by using an ionization electric field;
b) the electret element is charged with an ionizing electric field.
Wherein the electret element is arranged at an outlet of the electric field device; the material of the electret element is alumina; when the ionization electric field has no upper electric driving voltage, the charged electret element is used for adsorbing the particulate matters in the tail gas; after the charged electret element absorbs certain particles in the exhaust gas, replacing the charged electret element with a new electret element; and after the new electret element is replaced, the ionization electric field is restarted to adsorb the particulate matters in the tail gas, and the new electret element is charged.
The electric field device and the electrostatic dust removal method are used for treating tail gas after a motor vehicle is started, the ionization electric field is used for adsorbing particles in the tail gas after the motor vehicle is started, and meanwhile, the ionization electric field is used for charging the electret element. When the ionization electric field has no upper electric drive voltage (namely, has a fault), the charged electret element is used for adsorbing particles in the tail gas, and the purification efficiency of more than 50 percent can be achieved.
Example 3
The electric field device shown in fig. 5 and 6 comprises an electric field anode 10141, an electric field cathode 10142 and an electret element 205, wherein the electric field anode 10141 and the electric field cathode 10142 form an exhaust flow channel 292, the electret element 205 is arranged in the exhaust flow channel 292, and the arrow direction in fig. 5 is the flow direction of the to-be-treated material. The exhaust channel 292 includes an exhaust channel outlet, and the electret element 205 is proximate to the exhaust channel outlet. The cross section of the electret element in the exhaust channel 292 accounts for 10% of the cross section of the exhaust channel 292, as shown in fig. 7, which is S2/(S1+ S2) × 100%, where the first cross-sectional area of S2 is the cross-sectional area of the electret element in the exhaust channel, the sum of the first cross-sectional area of S1 and the second cross-sectional area of S2 is the cross-sectional area of the exhaust channel, and the first cross-sectional area of S1 does not include the cross-sectional area of the electric field cathode 10142. And when the electric field anode and the electric field cathode are connected with a power supply, an ionization electric field is formed. The ionizing electric field charges the electret element. The electret element has a porous structure, and the material of the electret element is polytetrafluoroethylene. The inside of the electric field anode is tubular, the outside of the electret element is tubular, and the outside of the electret element is sleeved inside the electric field anode. The electret element is detachably connected with the electric field anode.
An electrostatic dust removal method comprises the following steps:
1) adsorbing the particulate matters in the tail gas by using an ionization electric field;
2) the electret element is charged with an ionizing electric field.
Wherein the electret element is proximate to the exhaust channel outlet; the material of the electret element is polytetrafluoroethylene; when the ionization electric field has no upper electric drive voltage, the charged electret element is used for adsorbing the particulate matters in the tail gas; after the charged electret element absorbs certain particles in the exhaust gas, replacing the charged electret element with a new electret element; and after the new electret element is replaced, the ionization electric field is restarted to adsorb the particulate matters in the tail gas, and the new electret element is charged.
The electric field device and the electrostatic dust removal method are used for treating tail gas after a motor vehicle is started, the ionization electric field is used for adsorbing particles in the tail gas after the motor vehicle is started, and meanwhile, the ionization electric field is used for charging the electret element. When the ionization electric field has no upper electric drive voltage (namely, has a fault), the charged electret element is used for adsorbing particles in the tail gas, and the purification efficiency of more than 30 percent can be achieved.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 8, the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system includes a water removal device 207 and an electric field device. The electric field apparatus includes an electric field anode 10211 and an electric field cathode 10212, the electric field anode 10211 and the electric field cathode 10212 being used for generating an ionization electric field. The water removal device 207 is used for removing liquid water before the inlet of the electric field device, and when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, the water removal device removes the liquid water in the tail gas, the water removal device 207 is any prior art water removal device, and the arrow direction in fig. 8 is the tail gas flowing direction.
A tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, removing liquid water in the tail gas, and then ionizing and dedusting, wherein any prior art is adopted to remove the liquid water in the tail gas, the tail gas is the tail gas generated when a gasoline engine is in cold start, water drops, namely the liquid water, in the tail gas are reduced, uneven discharge of an ionization electric field and breakdown of an electric field cathode and an electric field anode are reduced, the ionization and dedusting efficiency is improved, the ionization and dedusting efficiency is more than 99.9%, and the ionization and dedusting efficiency of the dedusting method for removing the liquid water in the tail gas is less than 70%. Therefore, when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed, and then the tail gas is ionized for dust removal, so that water drops, namely the liquid water, in the tail gas are reduced, the uneven discharge of an ionization electric field and the breakdown of a cathode and an anode of the electric field are reduced, and the ionization dust removal efficiency is improved.
Example 5
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an ionization electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
As shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, in the present embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape, the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape, and the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051.
A method of reducing electric field coupling comprising the steps of: the ratio of the dust collection area of the field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the field cathode 4052 was selected to be 6.67: 1, the inter-pole distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 9.9mm, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 60mm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 54mm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas fluid channel,
the exhaust gas flow channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is disposed in the exhaust gas flow channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode exhaust gas flow channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, an included angle α is formed between the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 and the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052,
and alpha is 118 degrees, and then under the effect of electric field positive pole 4051 and electric field negative pole 4052, can collect more pending material, realize that electric field coupling number of times is less than or equal to 3, can reduce the electric field and to aerosol, water smoke, oil mist, loose smooth particulate matter's coupling consumption, save electric field electric energy 30 ~ 50%.
The electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are arranged in plurality, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the anodes of all the ionization electric fields have the same polarity, and the cathodes of all the ionization electric fields have the same polarity.
The electric field stages in the plurality of electric field stages are connected in series, the electric field stages in series are connected through the connecting shell, and the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is larger than 1.4 times of the inter-pole distance. As shown in fig. 12, the electric field levels are two levels, a first level electric field 4053 and a second level electric field 4054, and the first level electric field 4053 and the second level electric field 4054 are connected in series by a connecting housing 4055.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, water mist, oil mist, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 6
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an ionization electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape, the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape, and the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051.
A method of reducing electric field coupling comprising the steps of: the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 was selected to be 1680: 1, the inter-polar distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 139.9mm, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 180mm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 180mm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode tail gas fluid channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and further under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, more substances to be processed can be collected, the electric field coupling frequency is less than or equal to 3, the coupling consumption of the electric field to aerosol, water mist, oil mist and smooth particles can be reduced, and the electric field electric energy can be saved by 20-40%.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be dust in the form of particles, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, water mist, oil mist, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 7
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an ionization electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape, the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape, and the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051.
A method of reducing electric field coupling comprising the steps of: the ratio of the dust collection area of the field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the field cathode 4052 was selected to be 1.667: 1, the inter-polar distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 2.5mm, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 30mm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 30mm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode tail gas fluid channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and further under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, more substances to be processed can be collected, the electric field coupling frequency is less than or equal to 3, the coupling consumption of the electric field to aerosol, water mist, oil mist and smooth particles can be reduced, and the electric field electric energy can be saved by 10-30%.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, water mist, oil mist, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 8
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an ionization electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
As shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, in the present embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape, the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051, and the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 6.67: 1, the inter-polar distance between electric field anode 4051 and electric field cathode 4052 is 9.9mm, electric field anode 4051 is 60mm in length, electric field cathode 4052 is 54mm in length, electric field anode 4051 includes the tail gas fluid passageway, the tail gas fluid passageway includes entrance end and exit end, electric field cathode 4052 arranges in the tail gas fluid passageway, electric field cathode 4052 extends along electric field anode tail gas fluid passageway's direction, and electric field anode 4051's entrance end flushes with electric field cathode 4052's nearly entrance end, has contained angle α between electric field anode 4051's exit end and electric field cathode 4052's nearly exit end, and α ═ 118 °, and then under electric field anode 4051 and electric field cathode 4052's effect, can collect more the material of treating, guarantees that this electric field generating unit's collection efficiency is higher, and typical tail gas particle pm0.23 collection efficiency is 99.99%.
The electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are arranged in plurality, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the anodes of the electric fields have the same polarity, and the cathodes of the electric fields have the same polarity.
The electric field stages in the plurality of electric field stages are connected in series, the electric field stages in series are connected through the connecting shell, and the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is larger than 1.4 times of the inter-pole distance. As shown in fig. 12, the electric field levels are two levels, a first level electric field 4053 and a second level electric field 4054, and the first level electric field 4053 and the second level electric field 4054 are connected in series by a connecting housing 4055.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, water mist, oil mist, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 9
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape, the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape, the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051, and the ratio of the dust collecting area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharging area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 1680: 1, the interpolar distance of electric field anode 4051 and electric field cathode 4052 is 139.9mm, and electric field anode 4051 length is 180mm, and electric field cathode 4052 length is 180mm, electric field anode 4051 includes tail gas fluid channel, tail gas fluid channel includes entrance end and exit end, electric field cathode 4052 arranges in among the tail gas fluid channel, electric field cathode 4052 extends along electric field anode tail gas fluid channel's direction, and electric field anode 4051's entrance end flushes with electric field cathode 4052's nearly entrance end, and electric field anode 4051's exit end flushes with electric field cathode 4052's nearly exit end, and then under electric field anode 4051 and electric field cathode 4052's effect, can collect more treating the material, guarantees that this electric field device's collection dust efficiency is higher, and typical tail gas granule pm0.23 collection efficiency is 99.99%.
The electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are arranged in plurality, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the anodes of the electric fields have the same polarity, and the cathodes of the electric fields have the same polarity.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, water mist, oil mist, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 10
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape, the field cathode 4052 has a rod shape, the field cathode 4052 is inserted into the field anode 4051, and the ratio of the dust collection area of the field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the field cathode 4052 is 1.667: 1, the distance between the poles of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 2.5 mm. Electric field anode 4051 is 30mm in length, and electric field cathode 4052 is 30mm in length, electric field anode 4051 includes tail gas flow channel, tail gas flow channel includes entrance end and exit end, electric field cathode 4052 arranges in the tail gas flow channel, electric field cathode 4052 extends along electric field anode tail gas flow channel's direction, and electric field anode 4051's entrance end flushes with electric field cathode 4052's nearly entrance end, and electric field anode 4051's exit end flushes with electric field cathode 4052's nearly exit end, and then under electric field anode 4051 and electric field cathode 4052's effect, can collect more pending material, guarantee that this electric field device's collection dust efficiency is higher, and typical exhaust particle pm0.23 collection dust collection efficiency is 99.99%.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 constitute a plurality of dust collecting units, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field apparatus can be effectively improved by using a plurality of dust collecting units.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, water mist, oil mist, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 11
The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system in the embodiment comprises the electric field device in the embodiment 8, the embodiment 9 or the embodiment 10. The tail gas discharged by the engine firstly flows through the electric field device so as to effectively remove pollutants such as dust and the like in the gas by utilizing the electric field device; and then, the treated gas is discharged to the atmosphere so as to reduce the influence of the tail gas of the engine on the atmosphere.
Example 12
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an ionization electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is in the shape of a hollow regular hexagonal tube, the electric field cathode 4052 is in the shape of a rod, the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 5cm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 5cm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas flow channel comprising an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is disposed in the exhaust flow channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends in the direction of the electric field anode exhaust flow channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 have a pole pitch of 9.9mm, and then the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 can resist high temperature impact, and more substances to be treated can be collected, so that the dust collection efficiency of the electric field generation unit is higher. The dust collection efficiency is 99.9% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 200 ℃; the dust collection efficiency is 90% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 400 ℃; the electric field temperature of 500 ℃ corresponds to a dust collecting efficiency of 50%.
The electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are arranged in plurality, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the anodes of the electric fields have the same polarity, and the cathodes of the electric fields have the same polarity.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be dust in the form of particles.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 13
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is in the shape of a hollow regular hexagonal tube, the electric field cathode 4052 is in the shape of a rod, the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051, the length of the electric field anode 4051 is 9cm, the length of the electric field cathode 4052 is 9cm, the electric field anode 4051 comprises a tail gas flow channel comprising an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is disposed in the exhaust flow channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends in the direction of the electric field anode exhaust flow channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 have a pole pitch of 139.9mm, and then the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 can resist high temperature impact, and more substances to be treated can be collected, so that the dust collection efficiency of the electric field generation unit is higher. The dust collection efficiency is 99.9% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 200 ℃; the dust collection efficiency is 90% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 400 ℃; the electric field temperature of 500 ℃ corresponds to a dust collecting efficiency of 50%.
The electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are arranged in plurality, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the anodes of the storage electric fields are of the same polarity, and the cathodes of the storage electric fields are of the same polarity.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be dust in the form of particles.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 14
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is in the shape of a hollow regular hexagon tube, the electric field cathode 4052 is in the shape of a rod, the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051, the electric field anode 4051 has a length of 1cm, the electric field cathode 4052 has a length of 1cm, the electric field anode 4051 includes an exhaust gas flow channel, the exhaust gas flow channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is disposed in the exhaust gas flow channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode exhaust gas flow channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 2.5mm, so that the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are resistant to high temperature impact and can collect more substances to be treated, the dust collection efficiency of the electric field generation unit is ensured to be higher. The dust collection efficiency is 99.9% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 200 ℃; the dust collection efficiency is 90% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 400 ℃; the electric field temperature of 500 ℃ corresponds to a dust collecting efficiency of 50%.
The electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are arranged in plurality, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the anodes of the electric fields have the same polarity, and the cathodes of the electric fields have the same polarity.
The electric field stages in the plurality of electric field stages are connected in series, the electric field stages in series are connected through the connecting shell, and the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is larger than 1.4 times of the inter-pole distance. The electric field level is two levels, namely a first level electric field and a second level electric field, and the first level electric field and the second level electric field are connected in series through a connecting shell.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be dust in the form of particles.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 15
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to an electric field device, as shown in fig. 9, and includes an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field, where the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field anode 4051 has a positive potential and the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, in this embodiment, the electric field anode 4051 is in the shape of a hollow regular hexagon tube, the electric field cathode 4052 is in the shape of a rod, the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted into the electric field anode 4051, the electric field anode 4051 has a length of 3cm, the electric field cathode 4052 has a length of 2cm, the electric field anode 4051 includes an exhaust gas flow channel, the exhaust gas flow channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is disposed in the exhaust gas flow channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode exhaust gas flow channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 and the proximal outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052 form an included angle α, and α is 90 °, the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 20mm, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are further resistant to high temperature impact, and more substances to be treated can be collected, so that the dust collection efficiency of the electric field generation unit is higher. The dust collection efficiency is 99.9% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 200 ℃; the dust collection efficiency is 90% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 400 ℃; the electric field temperature of 500 ℃ corresponds to a dust collecting efficiency of 50%.
The electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are arranged in plurality, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field stage, the dust collectors have the same polarity, and the discharge electrodes have the same polarity.
The electric field stages in the plurality of electric field stages are connected in series, the electric field stages in series are connected through the connecting shell, and the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is larger than 1.4 times of the inter-pole distance. As shown in fig. 12, the electric field level is two levels, i.e., a first level electric field and a second level electric field, and the first level electric field and the second level electric field are connected in series by the connecting housing.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be dust in the form of particles.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 16
The vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system of the engine in the embodiment comprises the electric field device in the embodiment 12, 13, 14 or 15. The tail gas discharged by the engine firstly flows through the electric field device so as to effectively remove pollutants such as dust and the like in the tail gas by utilizing the electric field device; and then, the treated gas is discharged to the atmosphere so as to reduce the influence of the tail gas of the engine on the atmosphere.
Example 17
In this embodiment, the ionization dust removal mechanism is applied to the vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, and includes that electric field cathode 5081 and electric field anode 5082 are respectively with DC power supply's negative pole and positive pole electric connection, auxiliary electrode 5083 and DC power supply's positive pole electric connection. In this embodiment the electric field cathode 5081 has a negative potential and the electric field anode 5082 and the auxiliary electrode 5083 each have a positive potential.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 13, the auxiliary electrode 5083 is fixed to the field anode 5082 in this embodiment. After the electric field anode 5082 is electrically connected to the anode of the dc power source, the auxiliary electrode 5083 is also electrically connected to the anode of the dc power source, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the electric field anode 5082 have the same positive potential.
As shown in fig. 13, the auxiliary electrode 5083 may extend in the front-rear direction in the present embodiment, that is, the length direction of the auxiliary electrode 5083 may be the same as the length direction of the electric field anode 5082.
As shown in fig. 13, in this embodiment, the electric field anode 5082 has a tubular shape, the electric field cathode 5081 has a rod shape, and the electric field cathode 5081 is inserted into the electric field anode 5082. In this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 5083 is also tubular, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the field anode 5082 form an anode tube 5084. The front end of the anode tube 5084 is flush with the field cathode 5081, and the rear end of the anode tube 5084 is rearward beyond the rear end of the field cathode 5081, and the portion of the anode tube 5084 rearward beyond the field cathode 5081 is the auxiliary electrode 5083. That is, in the present embodiment, the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081 have the same length, and the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081 are opposite to each other in position in the front-rear direction; the auxiliary electrode 5083 is located behind the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081. Thus, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the field cathode 5081, and the auxiliary electric field applies a backward force to the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the field anode 5082 and the field cathode 5081, so that the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the field anode 5082 and the field cathode 5081 has a backward moving velocity. When the gas containing the substances to be treated flows into the anode tube 5084 from front to back, the oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with the substances to be treated in the process of moving towards the electric field anode 5082 and backwards, and because the oxygen ions have backward moving speed, the oxygen ions are combined with the substances to be treated, and strong collision cannot be generated between the oxygen ions and the substances to be treated, so that the larger energy consumption caused by the strong collision is avoided, the oxygen ions are easily combined with the substances to be treated, the charging efficiency of the substances to be treated in the gas is higher, further, under the action of the electric field anode 5082 and the anode tube 5084, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the higher dust removal efficiency of the ionization dust removal mechanism is ensured.
In addition, as shown in fig. 13, in the present embodiment, the rear end of the anode 5084 and the rear end of the electric field cathode 5081 form an angle α, and 0 ° < α ≦ 125 °, or 45 ° ≦ α ≦ 125 °, or 60 ° ≦ α ≦ 100 °, or α ≦ 90 °.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode 5082, the auxiliary electrode 5083, and the electric field cathode 5081 form a plurality of dust removing units, so as to effectively improve the dust removing efficiency of the ionization dust removing mechanism.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be dust in the form of particles or other impurities to be treated.
In this embodiment, the gas may be a gas to be introduced into the engine or a gas discharged from the engine.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An ionization electric field, which is an electrostatic field, is formed between the electric field cathode 5081 and the electric field anode 5082. In the absence of the auxiliary electrode 5083, the ion flow in the electric field between the electric field cathode 5081 and the electric field anode 5082 is perpendicular to the electrode direction, and turns back and forth between the electrodes to flow, and causes the ions to turn back and forth between the electrodes to be consumed. Therefore, in this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 5083 is used to shift the relative positions of the electrodes, so that the relative imbalance between the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081 is formed, which deflects the ion current in the electric field. The ionization dust removal mechanism forms an electric field capable of causing ion flow to have directionality by using the auxiliary electrode 5083. The ionizing dust removing mechanism in this embodiment is also referred to as an electric field device with an accelerating direction. The collection rate of the particulate matter entering the electric field along the ion flow direction is improved by nearly one time compared with the collection rate of the particulate matter entering the electric field along the reverse ion flow direction by the ionization dust removal mechanism, so that the dust accumulation efficiency of the electric field is improved, and the power consumption of the electric field is reduced. In addition, the main reason that the dust collection efficiency of the dust collection electric field in the prior art is low is that the direction of dust entering the electric field is opposite to or perpendicular to the direction of ion flow in the electric field, so that the dust and the ion flow collide violently with each other and generate large energy consumption, and the charge efficiency is also influenced, so that the dust collection efficiency of the electric field in the prior art is reduced, and the energy consumption is increased.
When the ionization dust removal mechanism is used for collecting dust in gas, the gas and the dust enter an electric field along the direction of ion flow, the dust is fully charged, and the electric field consumption is low; the dust collecting efficiency of the monopole electric field can reach 99.99%. When gas and dust enter the electric field in the direction of the counter ion flow, the dust is insufficiently charged, the power consumption of the electric field is increased, and the dust collection efficiency is 40-75%. In addition, the ionization dust removing mechanism in the embodiment forms ion flow which is beneficial to unpowered fan fluid conveying, oxygen increasing, heat exchange and the like.
Example 18
The ionization dust removal mechanism in the embodiment is applied to a vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, and comprises an electric field cathode and an electric field anode which are respectively electrically connected with a cathode and an anode of a direct current power supply, and an auxiliary electrode which is electrically connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply. In this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode and the electric field cathode have negative potentials, and the electric field anode has a positive potential.
In this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode can be fixed to the cathode of the electric field. Thus, after the electric field cathode is electrically connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply, the auxiliary electrode is also electrically connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply. Meanwhile, the auxiliary electrode extends in the front-rear direction in the present embodiment.
In this embodiment, the electric field anode is tubular, the electric field cathode is rod-shaped, and the electric field cathode is arranged in the electric field anode in a penetrating manner. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary electrode is also in the form of a rod, and the auxiliary electrode and the electric field cathode form a cathode rod. The front end of the cathode bar is extended forward beyond the front end of the electric field anode, and the part of the cathode bar extended forward beyond the electric field anode is the auxiliary electrode. That is, the length of the electric field anode is the same as that of the electric field cathode in the present embodiment, and the electric field anode and the electric field cathode are opposite in position in the front-back direction; the auxiliary electrode is positioned in front of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode. Thus, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode and the electric field anode, and the auxiliary electric field applies backward force to the negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, so that the negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode has backward moving speed. When the gas containing the substances to be treated flows into the tubular electric field anode from front to back, the negatively charged oxygen ions are combined with the substances to be treated in the process of moving towards the electric field anode and backwards, and because the oxygen ions have backward moving speed, the oxygen ions are combined with the substances to be treated, and strong collision cannot be generated between the oxygen ions and the substances to be treated, so that the larger energy consumption caused by strong collision is avoided, the oxygen ions are easily combined with the substances to be treated, the charging efficiency of the substances to be treated in the gas is higher, and further, under the action of the electric field anode, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the higher dust removal efficiency of the ionization dust removal mechanism is ensured.
In the embodiment, the electric field anode, the auxiliary electrode and the electric field cathode form a plurality of dust removal units, so that the dust removal efficiency of the ionization dust removal mechanism is effectively improved by using the plurality of dust removal units.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be dust in the form of particles or other impurities to be treated.
Example 19
As shown in fig. 14, the ionization dust removal mechanism of the present embodiment is applied to a vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 extends in the left-right direction. In this embodiment, the length direction of the auxiliary electrode 5083 is different from the length direction of the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081. And the auxiliary electrode 5083 may be specifically perpendicular to the field anode 5082.
In this embodiment, the electric field cathode 5081 and the electric field anode 5082 are electrically connected to the cathode and the anode of the dc power supply, respectively, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is electrically connected to the anode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment the electric field cathode 5081 has a negative potential and the electric field anode 5082 and the auxiliary electrode 5083 each have a positive potential.
As shown in fig. 14, in the present embodiment, the electric field cathode 5081 and the electric field anode 5082 are opposed to each other in the front-rear direction, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is located behind the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081. Thus, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the field cathode 5081, and the auxiliary electric field applies a backward force to the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the field anode 5082 and the field cathode 5081, so that the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the field anode 5082 and the field cathode 5081 has a backward moving velocity. When gas containing substances to be treated flows into an electric field between the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081 from front to back, oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with the substances to be treated in the process of moving towards the electric field anode 5082 and backwards, and the oxygen ions have backward moving speed, so that the oxygen ions are combined with the substances to be treated, strong collision cannot be generated between the oxygen ions and the substances to be treated, and therefore large energy consumption caused by strong collision is avoided, the oxygen ions are easily combined with the substances to be treated, the charging efficiency of the substances to be treated in the gas is high, further, under the action of the electric field anode 5082, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the high dust removal efficiency of the ionization dust removal mechanism is guaranteed.
Example 20
As shown in fig. 15, the ionization dust removal mechanism of the present embodiment is applied to a vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 extends in the left-right direction. In this embodiment, the length direction of the auxiliary electrode 5083 is different from the length direction of the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081. And the auxiliary electrode 5083 may be specifically perpendicular to the field cathode 5081.
In this embodiment, the electric field cathode 5081 and the electric field anode 5082 are electrically connected to the cathode and the anode of the dc power supply, respectively, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is electrically connected to the cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the electric field cathode 5081 and the auxiliary electrode 5083 each have a negative potential, and the electric field anode 5082 has a positive potential.
As shown in fig. 15, in the present embodiment, the electric field cathode 5081 and the electric field anode 5082 are opposed to each other in the front-rear direction, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is positioned in front of the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081. Thus, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the field anode 5082, and the auxiliary electric field applies a backward force to the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the field anode 5082 and the field cathode 5081, so that the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the field anode 5082 and the field cathode 5081 has a backward moving velocity. When gas containing substances to be treated flows into an electric field between the electric field anode 5082 and the electric field cathode 5081 from front to back, oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with the substances to be treated in the process of moving towards the electric field anode 5082 and backwards, and the oxygen ions have backward moving speed, so that the oxygen ions are combined with the substances to be treated, strong collision cannot be generated between the oxygen ions and the substances to be treated, and therefore large energy consumption caused by strong collision is avoided, the oxygen ions are easily combined with the substances to be treated, the charging efficiency of the substances to be treated in the gas is high, further, under the action of the electric field anode 5082, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the high dust removal efficiency of the ionization dust removal mechanism is guaranteed.
Example 21
The vehicle-mounted exhaust gas and air dust removal system of the engine in the embodiment comprises the ionization dust removal mechanism in the embodiment 17, 19, 20 or 21. The tail gas discharged by the engine firstly flows through the ionization dust removal mechanism so as to effectively remove pollutants such as dust in the gas by utilizing the ionization dust removal mechanism; and then, the treated gas is discharged to the atmosphere so as to reduce the influence of the tail gas of the engine on the atmosphere. In the embodiment, the engine exhaust device is also called as an exhaust gas treatment device, and the exhaust gas dust removal mechanism is also called as an exhaust gas ionization dust removal mechanism.
In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (14)

  1. The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust pelletizing system which characterized in that includes:
    a tail gas inlet;
    an air inlet;
    the electric field device comprises an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, and the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are used for generating an ionization electric field;
    at the time of operation,
    tail gas and air enter the dust removal system through the tail gas inlet and the air inlet respectively,
    the tail gas and the air enter the electric field device through the inlet of the electric field device,
    the tail gas and the air are subjected to dust removal and purification through the ionization electric field,
    and the tail gas and the air flow out of the outlet of the electric field device.
  2. The vehicle exhaust and air dedusting system of claim 1, wherein the weight of the introduced air is 50% to 300% of the weight of the exhaust.
  3. The vehicle exhaust and air dedusting system of claim 1, wherein the weight of the introduced air is 100% to 180% of the weight of the exhaust.
  4. The vehicle exhaust and air dedusting system of claim 1, wherein the weight of the introduced air is 120% to 150% of the weight of the exhaust.
  5. The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of claim 1, wherein the weight of the introduced air is more than 300% of the weight of the tail gas.
  6. The vehicle on-board exhaust and air dedusting system of any of claims 1-5, further comprising a water removal device for removing liquid water prior to the electric field device inlet.
  7. The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of claim 6, wherein the water removal device removes liquid water from the tail gas when the temperature of the tail gas or the temperature of the engine is lower than a certain temperature.
  8. The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of claim 7, wherein the certain temperature is between 90 ℃ and 100 ℃.
  9. The vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dedusting system of claim 7, wherein the certain temperature is between 80 ℃ and 90 ℃.
  10. The vehicle tail gas and air dedusting system of claim 7, wherein the certain temperature is 80 ℃ or less.
  11. The vehicle mounted exhaust and air dedusting system of claims 6-10, wherein the water removal device is an electrocoagulation device.
  12. The vehicle exhaust and air dedusting system of any of claims 1-11, further comprising an engine.
  13. A vehicle comprising an on-board exhaust and air dedusting system according to any of claims 1-12.
  14. A method of purifying air in a polluted area comprising driving a vehicle according to claim 13 in the polluted area.
CN201980069652.1A 2018-10-22 2019-10-21 Vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, vehicle and method Active CN113366200B (en)

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CN2018112275732 2018-10-22
CN2018112275501 2018-10-22
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CN201811527816 2018-12-13
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CN2018115258743 2018-12-13
CN201811525874 2018-12-13
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CN201910446294 2019-05-27
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CN201910465124X 2019-05-30
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CN201980069652.1A Active CN113366200B (en) 2018-10-22 2019-10-21 Vehicle-mounted tail gas and air dust removal system, vehicle and method
CN201980069657.4A Active CN113286934B (en) 2018-10-22 2019-10-21 Engine tail gas dust removal system and method
CN201980069651.7A Active CN113366199B (en) 2018-10-22 2019-10-21 Engine tail gas dust removal system and method
CN201980069590.4A Active CN113330194B (en) 2018-10-22 2019-10-21 Engine tail gas dust removal system and method
CN201990001105.5U Active CN217897990U (en) 2018-10-22 2019-10-21 Tail gas electric field device and engine tail gas dust removal system
CN201980069622.0A Active CN113366201B (en) 2018-10-22 2019-10-21 Engine tail gas dust removal system and method
CN201980069655.5A Active CN113330196B (en) 2018-10-22 2019-10-21 Engine tail gas dust removal system and method
CN201980069621.6A Active CN113366197B (en) 2018-10-22 2019-10-21 Engine tail gas dust removal system and method
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