CN113330194A - Engine tail gas dedusting system and method - Google Patents

Engine tail gas dedusting system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113330194A
CN113330194A CN201980069590.4A CN201980069590A CN113330194A CN 113330194 A CN113330194 A CN 113330194A CN 201980069590 A CN201980069590 A CN 201980069590A CN 113330194 A CN113330194 A CN 113330194A
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China
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electric field
tail gas
anode
cathode
dust removal
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CN201980069590.4A
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CN113330194B (en
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唐万福
段志军
邹永安
奚勇
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Shanghai Bixiufu Enterprise Management Co Ltd
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Shanghai Bixiufu Enterprise Management Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from PCT/CN2019/112124 external-priority patent/WO2020083154A1/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

An engine tail gas dust removal system comprises a tail gas electric field device (1021) and an oxygen supplement device (208); the tail gas electric field device (1021) comprises a tail gas electric field device inlet (3085), a tail gas electric field device outlet (3088), tail gas dedusting electric field cathodes (3081, 10212) and tail gas dedusting electric field anodes (3082, 10211), wherein the tail gas dedusting electric field cathodes (3081, 10212) and the tail gas dedusting electric field anodes (3082, 10211) are used for generating a tail gas ionization dedusting electric field; and the oxygen supplementing device (208) is used for adding gas comprising oxygen before the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field. This engine tail gas dust pelletizing system dust removal effect is good, can effectively get rid of the particulate matter in the engine tail gas.

Description

Engine tail gas dedusting system and method Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and relates to a dust removal system and method for engine tail gas.
Background
The exhaust gas of the engine contains a large amount of particles, so that the particles in the exhaust gas of the engine need to be filtered.
In the prior art, particulate matter filtration is typically performed by a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF). The DPF works in a combustion mode, namely, the DPF is combusted in a natural or combustion-supporting mode after being heated to reach an ignition point after being fully blocked in a porous structure by utilizing carbon deposition. Specifically, the working principle of the DPF is as follows: the intake air with particulate matter enters the honeycomb carrier of the DPF where it is trapped and most of the particulate matter has been filtered as the intake air exits the DPF. The carrier material of the DPF is mainly cordierite, silicon carbide, aluminum titanate and the like, and can be selected and used according to actual conditions. However, the above approach stores the following drawbacks:
(1) When the DPF traps particulate matter to a certain extent, regeneration is needed, otherwise, the exhaust back pressure of the engine rises, the working state deteriorates, the performance and the oil consumption are seriously affected, and even the DPF is blocked, so that the engine cannot work. Thus, the DPF requires regular maintenance and catalyst addition. Even with regular maintenance, the accumulation of particulate matter restricts exhaust flow, thus increasing backpressure, which can affect engine performance and fuel consumption.
(2) The DPF has unstable dust removal effect and cannot meet the latest filtering requirement of engine tail gas treatment.
Electrostatic dust collection is a gas dust collection method, and is generally used for purifying gas or recovering useful dust particles in the industrial fields of metallurgy, chemistry and the like. In the prior art, due to the problems of large occupied space, complex system structure, poor dust removal effect (particularly, the dust removal efficiency is remarkably reduced under the condition that water drops are contained in high-temperature or low-temperature tail gas) and the like, the engine intake particulate matters cannot be treated based on electrostatic dust removal.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an engine exhaust dedusting system and method, which is used for solving at least one of the problems of regular maintenance and unstable effect of the engine exhaust dedusting system in the prior art. Meanwhile, the invention discovers new problems in the existing ionization dust removal technology through research, and solves the problems through a series of technical means, for example, when the temperature of tail gas or the temperature of an engine is lower than a certain temperature, the tail gas of the engine may contain liquid water; under the high temperature condition, through control tail gas electric field device anodal collection dirt area and the discharge area ratio of negative pole, the length of negative pole/positive pole, the interpole distance and set up auxiliary electric field etc. effectively reduce electric field coupling to make tail gas electric field device still have efficient collection dirt ability under high temperature impact. Therefore, the invention is suitable for operation under severe conditions and ensures the dust removal efficiency, so the invention is completely applicable to engines from the commercial perspective.
The invention provides a dust removal system and method for engine tail gas. The engine tail gas dust removal system comprises a tail gas dust removal system inlet, a tail gas dust removal system outlet and a tail gas electric field device. The engine tail gas dust removal system has a good dust removal effect, and can effectively remove particulate matters in the engine tail gas.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides the following examples:
1. example 1 provided by the present invention: an engine exhaust treatment system.
2. Example 2 provided by the invention: including above-mentioned example 1, including the tail gas dust pelletizing system, the tail gas dust pelletizing system includes tail gas dust pelletizing system entry, tail gas dust pelletizing system export, tail gas electric field device.
3. Example 3 provided by the present invention: including above-mentioned example 2, wherein, the tail gas electric field device includes tail gas electric field device entry, tail gas electric field device export, tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole and tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole, the tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole with the tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole is used for producing the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field.
4. Example 4 provided by the present invention: including above-mentioned example 3, wherein, the tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole includes first positive pole portion and second positive pole portion, first positive pole portion is close to tail gas electric field device entry, and the second positive pole portion is close to tail gas electric field device export, be provided with at least one negative pole backup pad between first positive pole portion and the second positive pole portion.
5. Example 5 provided by the present invention: including above-mentioned example 4, wherein, the tail gas electric field device still includes tail gas insulating mechanism for realize the insulation between the negative pole backup pad and the tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole.
6. Example 6 provided by the present invention: the method includes the above example 5, wherein an electric field flow channel is formed between the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and the tail gas insulation mechanism is disposed outside the electric field flow channel.
7. Example 7 provided by the present invention: including the above example 5 or 6, wherein the exhaust gas insulation mechanism includes an insulation portion and a heat insulation portion; the insulating part is made of ceramic materials or glass materials.
8. Example 8 provided by the invention: the method includes the above example 7, wherein the insulating part is an umbrella-shaped string ceramic column, an umbrella-shaped string glass column, a column-shaped string ceramic column or a column-shaped glass column, and glaze is hung inside and outside the umbrella or inside and outside the column.
9. Example 9 provided by the present invention: the method includes example 8, where a distance between an outer edge of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column and the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is greater than 1.4 times a distance between the electric fields, a sum of distances between umbrella edges of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column is greater than 1.4 times an insulation distance between the umbrella edges of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column, and a total depth inside the umbrella edges of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column is greater than 1.4 times the insulation distance between the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the umbrella-shaped string glass column.
10. Example 10 provided by the invention: any one of the above examples 4 to 9 is included, wherein a length of the first anode portion is 1/10 to 1/4, 1/4 to 1/3, 1/3 to 1/2, 1/2 to 2/3, 2/3 to 3/4, or 3/4 to 9/10 of the anode length of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field.
11. Example 11 provided by the present invention: including any of examples 4 through 10 above, wherein the first anode portion is long enough to remove a portion of the dust, reduce dust accumulation on the exhaust insulation mechanism and the cathode support plate, and reduce electrical breakdown due to the dust.
12. Example 12 provided by the present invention: including any of the above examples 4-11, wherein the second anode portion comprises a dust deposition section and a reserved dust deposition section.
13. Example 13 provided by the present invention: including any of examples 3-12 above, wherein the off-gas dedusting electric field cathode includes at least one electrode bar.
14. Example 14 provided by the present invention: including example 13 above, wherein the electrode rod has a diameter of no greater than 3 mm.
15. Example 15 provided by the present invention: including the above examples 13 or 14, wherein the electrode rod has a shape of a needle, a polygon, a burr, a screw rod, or a column.
16. Example 16 provided by the present invention: including any of examples 3-15 above, wherein the tail gas dedusting electric field anode is comprised of a hollow tube bundle.
17. Example 17 provided by the invention: including the above example 16, wherein the hollow cross section of the anode tube bundle of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field is circular or polygonal.
18. Example 18 provided by the present invention: including example 17 above, wherein the polygon is a hexagon.
19. Example 19 provided by the present invention: including any of examples 16-18 above, wherein the tube bundle of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode is honeycomb shaped.
20. Example 20 provided by the present invention: including any of examples 3-19 above, wherein the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode is penetrated within the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode.
21. Example 21 provided by the present invention: including any one of the above examples 3 to 20, wherein the exhaust gas electric field device performs a carbon black removal process when the electric field is dusted to a certain extent.
22. Example 22 provided by the present invention: including the above example 21, in which the exhaust gas electric field device detects the electric field current to determine whether or not dust is deposited to a certain extent, the soot removing process is required.
23. Example 23 provided by the present invention: including the above example 21 or 22, wherein the exhaust gas electric field device increases the electric field voltage to perform the soot removing process.
24. Example 24 provided by the present invention: including the above example 21 or 22, wherein the exhaust gas electric field device performs the soot removing process using the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon.
25. Example 25 provided by the present invention: including the above examples 21 or 22, the exhaust gas electric field apparatus performs the carbon black removing process by using the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon, increasing the voltage, limiting the injection current, and generating plasma by the sharp discharge occurring at the carbon deposition site of the anode, which deeply oxidizes the organic components of the carbon black, breaks the high molecular bonds, and forms the small molecular carbon dioxide and water.
26. Example 26 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 3-25 above, wherein the tail gas dedusting electric field anode length is 10-90mm and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode length is 10-90 mm.
27. Example 27 provided by the present invention: including the above example 26, in which the corresponding dust collecting efficiency was 99.9% when the electric field temperature was 200 ℃.
28. Example 28 provided by the invention: including the above-mentioned example 26 or 27, wherein the corresponding dust collecting efficiency is 90% when the electric field temperature is 400 ℃.
29. Example 29 provided by the present invention: including any of examples 26-28 above, wherein the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 50% when the electric field temperature is 500 ℃.
30. Example 30 provided by the present invention: including any one of the above examples 3-29, wherein the exhaust gas electric field apparatus further comprises an auxiliary electric field unit for generating an auxiliary electric field that is not parallel to the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field.
31. Example 31 provided by the present invention: including any one of the above examples 3-29, wherein the exhaust gas electric field apparatus further includes an auxiliary electric field unit, the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field includes a flow channel, and the auxiliary electric field unit is configured to generate an auxiliary electric field that is not perpendicular to the flow channel.
32. Example 32 provided by the invention: including the above-mentioned example 30 or 31, wherein the auxiliary electric field unit includes a first electrode, and the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is disposed at or near the inlet of the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field.
33. Example 33 provided by the present invention: including example 32 above, wherein the first electrode is a cathode.
34. Example 34 provided by the invention: including examples 32 or 33 above, wherein the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode.
35. Example 35 provided by the invention: including the above example 34, wherein the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit has an angle α with the anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field, and 0 ° < α ≦ 125 °, or 45 ° ≦ α ≦ 125 °, or 60 ° ≦ α ≦ 100 °, or α ≦ 90 °.
36. Example 36 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 30-35 above, wherein the auxiliary electric field unit includes a second electrode, and the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is disposed at or near an outlet of the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field.
37. Example 37 provided by the present invention: including example 36 above, wherein the second electrode is an anode.
38. Example 38 provided by the invention: including examples 36 or 37 above, wherein the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field.
39. Example 39 provided by the invention: including the above-mentioned example 38, wherein the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit has an angle α with the cathode of the off-gas dedusting electric field, and 0 ° < α ≦ 125 °, or 45 ° ≦ α ≦ 125 °, or 60 ° ≦ α ≦ 100 °, or α ≦ 90 °.
40. Example 40 provided by the present invention: any one of the above examples 30 to 33, 36, and 37 is included, wherein the electrodes of the auxiliary electric field are provided independently of the electrodes of the off-gas ionization dust removal electric field.
41. Example 41 provided by the present invention: any one of the above examples 3 to 40 is included, wherein a ratio of a dust deposition area of the anode of the off-gas dust removal electric field to a discharge area of the cathode of the off-gas dust removal electric field is 1.667: 1-1680: 1.
42. Example 42 provided by the present invention: any one of the above examples 3 to 40 is included, wherein a ratio of a dust deposition area of the anode of the off-gas dust removal electric field to a discharge area of the cathode of the off-gas dust removal electric field is 6.67: 1-56.67: 1.
43. example 43 provided by the invention: any one of the above examples 3 to 42, wherein the diameter of the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 1-3 mm, and the inter-polar distance between the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 2.5-139.9 mm; the ratio of the dust deposition area of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the discharge area of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 1.667: 1-1680: 1
44. Example 44 provided by the invention: including any of examples 3-42 above, wherein a pole separation of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode and the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode is less than 150 mm.
45. Example 45 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 3-42 above, wherein the inter-pole distance between the anode of the off-gas dedusting electric field and the cathode of the off-gas dedusting electric field is 2.5-139.9 mm.
46. Example 46 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 3-42 above, wherein the inter-pole distance between the anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field and the cathode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field is 5-100 mm.
47. Example 47 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 3-46 above, wherein the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode length is 10-180 mm.
48. Example 48 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 3-46 above, wherein the tail gas dedusting electric field anode length is 60-180 mm.
49. Example 49 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 3-48 above, wherein the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode length is 30-180 mm.
50. Example 50 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 3-48 above, wherein the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode length is 54-176 mm.
51. Example 51 provided by the present invention: including any of examples 41-50 above, wherein, when operating, the number of couplings of the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is ≦ 3.
52. Example 52 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 30-50 above, wherein, when operating, the number of couplings of the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is ≦ 3.
53. Example 53 provided by the present invention: the device comprises any one of the above examples 3 to 52, wherein the voltage of the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field ranges from 1kv to 50 kv.
54. Example 54 provided by the invention: including any of the above examples 3-53, wherein the exhaust gas electric field apparatus further comprises a plurality of connection housings through which the series electric field stages are connected.
55. Example 55 provided by the invention: including example 54 above, wherein the distance of adjacent electric field levels is greater than 1.4 times the pole pitch.
56. Example 56 provided by the invention: including any of the above examples 3-55, wherein the exhaust gas electric field apparatus further comprises an exhaust gas pre-electrode between the exhaust gas electric field apparatus inlet and an exhaust gas ionization and dust removal electric field formed by the exhaust gas dust removal electric field anode and the exhaust gas dust removal electric field cathode.
57. Example 57 provided by the invention: including the above example 56, wherein the exhaust gas leading electrode is in a dot shape, a line shape, a mesh shape, a perforated plate shape, a needle bar shape, a ball cage shape, a box shape, a tube shape, a natural form of matter, or a processed form of matter.
58. Example 58 provided by the invention: including the above example 56 or 57, wherein the exhaust gas pre-electrode is provided with an exhaust gas through hole.
59. Example 59 provided by the invention: including example 58 above, wherein the exhaust gas through-holes are polygonal, circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, or diamond shaped.
60. Example 60 provided by the invention: including the above examples 58 or 59, wherein the size of the exhaust gas through holes is 0.1-3 mm.
61. Example 61 provided by the invention: including any of examples 56-60 above, wherein the exhaust gas pre-electrode is a combination of one or more of a solid, a liquid, a gas cluster, or a plasma.
62. Example 62 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 56 through 61 above, wherein the exhaust gas pre-electrode is a conductive mixed-state substance, a biological natural mixed conductive substance, or an object artificially processed to form a conductive substance.
63. Example 63 provided by the invention: including any of examples 56-62 above, wherein the exhaust gas front electrode is 304 steel or graphite.
64. Example 64 provided by the invention: including any of examples 56-62 above, wherein the exhaust gas pre-electrode is an ion-containing conductive liquid.
65. Example 65 provided by the invention: including any of examples 56-64 above, wherein, in operation, the exhaust pre-electrode charges the contaminants in the gas before the contaminant-laden gas enters the exhaust ionization dedusting electric field formed by the exhaust dedusting electric field cathode, the exhaust dedusting electric field anode, and the contaminant-laden gas passes through the exhaust pre-electrode.
66. Example 66 provided by the invention: including example 65 above, wherein when the pollutant-laden gas enters the exhaust gas ionization and dedusting electric field, the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode applies an attractive force to the charged pollutants, causing the pollutants to move toward the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode until the pollutants attach to the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode.
67. Example 67 provided by the invention: including examples 65 or 66 above, where the exhaust gas pre-electrode introduces electrons into the pollutants, the electrons are transferred between the pollutants between the exhaust gas pre-electrode and the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode, charging more of the pollutants.
68. Example 68 provided by the invention: including any of examples 64-66 above, wherein electrons are conducted through the contaminant between the exhaust gas pre-electrode and the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode and an electrical current is formed.
69. Example 69 provided by the present invention: including any of examples 65 through 68 above, wherein the exhaust gas pre-electrode charges the contaminants by contacting the contaminants.
70. Example 70 provided by the invention: including any of examples 65 through 69 above, wherein the exhaust gas pre-electrode charges the pollutants by way of energy fluctuations.
71. Example 71 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 65 through 70 above, wherein the exhaust gas pre-electrode is provided with exhaust gas through holes.
72. Example 72 provided by the invention: any one of the above examples 56 to 71 is included, wherein the exhaust gas pre-electrode is in a linear shape, and the exhaust gas dust removal electric field anode is in a planar shape.
73. Example 73 provided by the invention: including any of examples 56-72 above, wherein the exhaust gas pre-electrode is perpendicular to the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode.
74. Example 74 provided by the invention: including any of examples 56-73 above, wherein the tail gas pre-electrode is parallel to the tail gas dedusting electric field anode.
75. Example 75 provided by the invention: including any of examples 56-74 above, wherein the exhaust gas pre-electrode is curved or radiused.
76. Example 76 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 56-75 above, wherein the exhaust gas pre-electrode employs a wire mesh.
77. Example 77 provided by the invention: including any of examples 56-76 above, wherein a voltage between the tail gas pre-electrode and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode is different than a voltage between the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode.
78. Example 78 provided by the invention: including any of examples 56-77 above, wherein a voltage between the exhaust gas pre-electrode and the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode is less than an initial corona onset voltage.
79. Example 79 provided by the invention: including any of examples 56-78 above, wherein the voltage between the tail gas pre-electrode and the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 0.1kv-2 kv/mm.
80. Example 80 provided by the invention: including any of the above examples 56-79, wherein the exhaust gas electric field apparatus includes an exhaust gas flow channel in which the exhaust gas pre-electrode is located; the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the tail gas front electrode to the cross-sectional area of the tail gas flow channel is 99-10%, or 90-10%, or 80-20%, or 70-30%, or 60-40%, or 50%.
81. Example 81 provided by the invention: including any of examples 3-80 above, wherein the exhaust gas electric field apparatus includes an exhaust gas electret element.
82. Example 82 provided by the invention: including example 81 above, wherein the exhaust electret element is in the exhaust ionization dust removal electric field when the exhaust dust removal electric field anode and the exhaust dust removal electric field cathode are powered on.
83. Example 83 provided by the invention: including examples 81 or 82 above, where the exhaust electret element is proximate to or at the exhaust electric field device outlet.
84. Example 84 provided by the invention: including any of examples 81-83 above, wherein the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode and the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode form an exhaust gas channel in which the exhaust gas electret element is disposed.
85. Example 85 provided by the invention: including example 84 above, wherein the exhaust runner includes an exhaust runner outlet, the exhaust electret element is proximate to the exhaust runner outlet, or the exhaust electret element is disposed at the exhaust runner outlet.
86. Example 86 provided by the invention: including examples 84 or 85 above, wherein the cross-section of the exhaust electret element in the exhaust channel is between 5% and 100% of the exhaust channel cross-section.
87. Example 87 provided by the invention: including example 86 above, wherein the cross-section of the exhaust electret element in the exhaust channel is 10% -90%, 20% -80%, or 40% -60% of the exhaust channel cross-section.
88. Example 88 provided by the invention: including any of examples 81-87 above, wherein the exhaust ionization dedusting electric field charges the exhaust electret element.
89. Example 89 provided by the invention: including any of examples 81-88 above, wherein the off-gas electret element has a porous structure.
90. Example 90 provided by the invention: including any of examples 81-89 above, wherein the off-gas electret element is a fabric.
91. Example 91 provided by the invention: any one of the above examples 81 to 90 is included, wherein the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is tubular, the external of the tail gas electret element is tubular, and the external of the tail gas electret element is sleeved inside the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field.
92. Example 92 provided by the invention: including any of examples 81-91 above, wherein the exhaust electret element is removably coupled to the exhaust dedusting electric field anode.
93. Example 93 provided by the invention: including any of examples 81-92 above, wherein the material of the off-gas electret element comprises an inorganic compound having electret properties.
94. Example 94 provided by the invention: the inorganic compound is selected from one or more of oxygen-containing compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds and glass fibers in combination, wherein the inorganic compound is the above example 93.
95. Example 95 provided by the invention: the above example 94 is included, wherein the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of a metal-based oxide, an oxygen-containing compound, and an oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt.
96. Example 96 provided by the invention: including example 95 above, wherein the metal-based oxide is selected from one or more of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, barium oxide, tantalum oxide, silicon oxide, lead oxide, and tin oxide.
97. Example 97 provided by the invention: including example 95 above, wherein the metal-based oxide is alumina.
98. Example 98 provided by the invention: example 95 above is included, wherein the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or a combination of more of a zirconium titanium compound oxide or a barium titanium compound oxide.
99. Example 99 provided by the invention: including example 95 above, wherein the oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt is selected from one or more combinations of zirconium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, or barium titanate.
100. Example 100 provided by the invention: including example 94 above, wherein the nitrogen-containing compound is silicon nitride.
101. Example 101 provided by the invention: including any of examples 81-100 above, wherein the material of the off-gas electret element comprises an organic compound having electret properties.
102. Example 102 provided by the invention: the above example 101 is included, wherein the organic compound is selected from one or more of fluoropolymer, polycarbonate, PP, PE, PVC, natural wax, resin, and rosin.
103. Example 103 provided by the invention: the above example 102 is included, wherein the fluoropolymer is selected from one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylpropylene, soluble polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride.
104. Example 104 provided by the invention: including example 102 above, wherein the fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.
105. Example 105 provided by the invention: any one of the above examples 2 to 104 is included, wherein a tail gas wind equalizing device is further included.
106. Example 106 provided by the invention: including above example 105, where the tail gas wind equalizing device is between the inlet of the tail gas dust removal system and the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field formed by the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field, and when the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is a square, the tail gas wind equalizing device includes: the gas inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and the gas outlet pipe is arranged on the other side; wherein the air inlet pipe is opposite to the air outlet pipe.
107. Example 107 provided by the invention: including example 105 above, where the tail gas air-equalizing device is between the inlet of the tail gas dust-removal system and the tail gas ionization dust-removal electric field formed by the anode of the tail gas dust-removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust-removal electric field, and when the anode of the tail gas dust-removal electric field is a cylinder, the tail gas air-equalizing device is composed of a plurality of rotatable air-equalizing blades.
108. Example 108 provided by the invention: the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode comprises the above example 105, wherein the exhaust gas homogenizing device comprises a first venturi plate homogenizing mechanism and a second venturi plate homogenizing mechanism arranged at the air outlet end of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode, the first venturi plate homogenizing mechanism is provided with front air inlet holes, the second venturi plate homogenizing mechanism is provided with air outlet holes, the air inlet holes and the air outlet holes are arranged in a staggered mode, air is exhausted from the front air inlet side, and a cyclone structure is formed.
109. Example 109 provided by the invention: any one of the above examples 2 to 108 is included, wherein an oxygen supply device is further included, and the oxygen supply device is used for adding gas including oxygen before the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field.
110. Example 110 provided by the invention: including example 109 above, wherein the oxygenating device adds oxygen by simply increasing oxygen, introducing ambient air, introducing compressed air, and/or introducing ozone.
111. Example 111 provided by the invention: including the above example 109 or 110, wherein the oxygen supplementation is determined at least in accordance with the exhaust gas particle content.
112. Example 112 provided by the invention: including any of examples 2-111 above, further comprising a water removal device for removing liquid water prior to the exhaust gas electric field device inlet.
113. Example 113 provided by the invention: including example 112 above, where the water removal device removes liquid water from the exhaust gas when the exhaust temperature or engine temperature is below a certain temperature.
114. Example 114 provided by the invention: the above example 113 is included, wherein the certain temperature is 90 ℃ or more and 100 ℃ or less.
115. Example 115 provided by the invention: the above example 113 is included, wherein the certain temperature is 80 ℃ or higher and 90 ℃ or lower.
116. Example 116 provided by the invention: including the above example 113, wherein the certain temperature is 80 ℃ or lower.
117. Example 117 provided by the invention: including examples 112-116 above, wherein the water removal device is an electrocoagulation device.
118. Example 118 provided by the invention: including any of examples 2-117 above, further comprising an exhaust gas temperature reduction device for reducing the temperature of the exhaust gas prior to the inlet of the exhaust gas electric field device.
119. Example 119 provided by the invention: including the above example 118, wherein the exhaust gas cooling device includes a heat exchange unit configured to exchange heat with exhaust gas of the engine to heat a liquid heat exchange medium in the heat exchange unit to a gaseous heat exchange medium.
120. Example 120 provided by the invention: including example 119 above, wherein the heat exchange unit comprises:
the tail gas passing cavity is communicated with an exhaust pipeline of the engine and is used for the tail gas of the engine to pass through;
the medium gasification cavity is used for converting the liquid heat exchange medium and the tail gas into a gaseous state after heat exchange.
121. Example 121 provided by the invention: including the above examples 119 or 120, further including a power generation unit for converting thermal energy of the heat exchange medium and/or thermal energy of the tail gas into mechanical energy.
122. Example 122 provided by the invention: including example 121 above, wherein the power generation unit comprises a turbofan.
123. Example 123 provided by the invention: including example 122 above, wherein the turbofan includes:
a scroll shaft;
and the medium cavity vortex fan assembly is arranged on a vortex fan shaft and is positioned in the medium gasification cavity.
124. Example 124 provided by the invention: including example 123 above, wherein the media cavity turbofan assembly includes a media cavity inducer fan and a media cavity power fan.
125. Example 125 provided by the invention: including any of the above examples 122-124, wherein the turbofan includes:
and the tail gas cavity turbofan assembly is arranged on the turbofan shaft and is positioned in the tail gas passing cavity.
126. Example 126 provided by the invention: including example 125 above, wherein the exhaust cavity turbofan assembly includes an exhaust cavity inducer fan and an exhaust cavity power fan.
127. Example 127 provided by the invention: any of the above examples 121-126 is included, wherein the exhaust gas cooling device further comprises an electricity generating unit configured to convert mechanical energy generated by the power generating unit into electrical energy.
128. Example 128 provided by the invention: including example 127 above, wherein the power generation unit includes a generator stator and a generator rotor coupled to a turbofan shaft of the power generation unit.
129. Examples provided by the invention: including the above-described examples 127 or 128, wherein the power generation unit includes a battery assembly.
130. Example 130 provided by the invention: including any of the above examples 127-129, wherein the power generation unit includes a generator regulation component to regulate motoring torque of the generator.
131. Example 131 provided by the invention: including any one of examples 121-130 above, wherein the tail gas cooling device further includes a medium transfer unit connected between the heat exchange unit and the power generation unit.
132. Example 132 provided by the invention: including example 131 above, wherein the media transport unit comprises a reverse bypass.
133. Example 133 provided by the invention: including example 131 above, wherein the media transfer unit comprises a pressurized conduit.
134. Example 134 provided by the invention: including any one of above examples 127-133, wherein the exhaust gas cooling device further includes a coupling unit electrically connected between the power generation unit and the power generation unit.
135. Example 135 provided by the invention: including example 134 above, wherein the coupling unit comprises an electromagnetic coupler.
136. Example 136 provided by the invention: including any one of the above examples 119-135, wherein the exhaust gas cooling device further includes a heat preservation pipeline connected between the exhaust pipeline of the engine and the heat exchange unit.
137. Example 137 provided by the invention: including any of the above examples 118-136, wherein the exhaust gas cooling device comprises a fan that cools the exhaust gas before the fan passes air into the exhaust gas electric field device inlet.
138. Example 138 provided by the invention: including the above example 137, wherein the air is 50% to 300% of the tail gas.
139. Example 139 provided by the invention: including example 137 above, wherein the air is 100% to 180% of the tail gas.
140. Example 140 provided by the invention: including example 137 above, wherein the air is introduced at 120% to 150% of the tail gas.
141. Example 141 provided by the invention: including above-mentioned example 120, wherein, oxygenating device includes the fan, the fan plays the effect of cooling to tail gas before letting in air the tail gas electric field device entry.
142. Example 142 provided by the invention: including the above example 141, wherein the air is 50% to 300% of the off-gas.
143. Example 143 provided by the invention: including the above example 141, wherein the air is 100% to 180% of the off-gas.
144. Example 144 provided by the invention: including the above example 141, wherein the air is introduced in an amount of 120% to 150% of the tail gas.
145. Example 145 provided by the invention: any of examples 1-144 above is included, further including an engine.
146. Example 146 provided by the invention: an electric field carbon black removing method for engine tail gas comprises the following steps:
Leading the dust-containing gas to pass through an ionization dust removal electric field generated by an anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and a cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field;
when the electric field is accumulated with dust, carbon black is cleaned.
147. Example 147 provided by the invention: the method for electric field sooting of engine exhaust comprising example 146, wherein the sooting is accomplished using an electric field back corona discharge phenomenon.
148. Example 148 provided by the invention: the method for electric field sooting of engine exhaust, including example 146, wherein the sooting is accomplished by increasing the voltage and limiting the injection current by an electric field back corona discharge phenomenon.
149. Example 149 provided by the invention: the method for removing soot from an engine exhaust gas by an electric field according to example 146, wherein the soot cleaning process is performed by using an electric field back corona discharge phenomenon, increasing a voltage, limiting an injection current, and generating plasma by a sharp discharge occurring at a position where dust is deposited on an anode, wherein the plasma deeply oxidizes organic components in the soot to be cleaned, and a high molecular bond is broken to form a small molecular carbon dioxide and water.
150. Example 150 provided by the invention: the method of electric field sooting engine exhaust, comprising any of examples 146 to 149, wherein said electric field device performs a dust cleaning process when said electric field device detects an increase in electric field current to a given value.
151. Example 151 provided by the invention: the method of electric field carbon black removal from engine exhaust, including any one of examples 146-150, wherein the dedusting electric field cathode includes at least one electrode rod.
152. Example 152 provided by the invention: the method of electric field sooting of engine exhaust comprising example 151, wherein the electrode rods have a diameter of no greater than 3 mm.
153. Example 153 provided by the invention: the method for removing soot in an electric field of engine exhaust gas, comprising example 151 or 152, wherein the electrode rod has a shape of a needle, a polygon, a burr, a screw rod, or a column.
154. Example 154 provided by the invention: the method of electric field carbon black removal from engine exhaust, comprising any of examples 146 to 153, wherein the dedusting electric field anode is comprised of a hollow tube bundle.
155. Example 155 provided by the invention: the method for electric field soot removal from engine exhaust comprising example 154, wherein the anode tube bundle has a hollow cross-section in the shape of a circle or a polygon.
156. Example 156 provided by the invention: the method for electric field sooting of engine exhaust comprising example 155, wherein the polygon is a hexagon.
157. Example 157 provided by the invention: the method of soot removal by an electric field of an engine exhaust comprising any of examples 154 to 156, wherein the tube bundle of the dedusting electric field anode is honeycomb shaped.
158. Example 158 provided by the invention: the method of electric field carbon black removal from engine exhaust, comprising any of examples 146-157, wherein the dedusting electric field cathode is penetrated within the dedusting electric field anode.
159. Example 159 provided by the invention: the method of electric field sooting engine exhaust, comprising any of examples 146 to 158, wherein a sooting treatment is performed when the detected electric field current increases to a given value.
160. Example 160 provided by the invention: a method for reducing electric field coupling in engine tail gas dust removal comprises the following steps:
and selecting anode parameters of the tail gas dust removal electric field or/and cathode parameters of the tail gas dust removal electric field to reduce the coupling times of the electric field.
161. Example 161 provided by the invention: a method of reducing engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field coupling comprising example 160, comprising selecting a ratio of a dust collection area of an anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field to a discharge area of a cathode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field.
162. Example 162 provided by the invention: the method of reducing engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field coupling comprising example 161, wherein selecting a ratio of a dust area of an anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field to a discharge area of a cathode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field to be 1.667: 1-1680: 1.
163. Example 163 provided by the invention: the method of reducing engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field coupling comprising example 161, wherein selecting a ratio of a dust area of an anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field to a discharge area of a cathode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field to be 6.67: 1-56.67: 1.
164. example 164 provided by the invention: the method of reducing coupling in an engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field of any of examples 160-163, comprising selecting a diameter of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode to be 1-3 mm, and a pole separation distance between the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode and the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode to be 2.5-139.9 mm; the ratio of the dust deposition area of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the discharge area of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 1.667: 1-1680: 1.
165. example 165 provided by the invention: a method of reducing engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field coupling including any of examples 160-164, comprising selecting a polar separation of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode and the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode to be less than 150 mm.
166. Example 166 provided by the invention: the method of reducing coupling in an engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field of any of examples 160-164, including selecting the anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field to be spaced from the cathode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field by a distance of 2.5 mm to 139.9 mm.
167. Example 167 provided by the invention: the method of reducing coupling in an engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field of any of examples 160-164 can include selecting a pole separation distance between an anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field and a cathode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field to be 5-100 mm.
168. Example 168 provided by the invention: the method of reducing engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field coupling comprising any of examples 160-167, comprising selecting the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode length to be 10-180 mm.
169. Example 169 provided by the invention: the method of reducing engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field coupling comprising any of examples 160-167, comprising selecting the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode length to be 60-180 mm.
170. Example 170 provided by the invention: the method of reducing coupling in an engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field of any of examples 160-169, comprising selecting the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode length to be 30-180 mm.
171. Example 171 provided by the invention: the method of reducing coupling in an engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field of any of examples 160-169, comprising selecting the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode length to be 54-176 mm.
172. Example 172 provided by the invention: the method of reducing engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field coupling comprising any of examples 160-171, comprising selecting the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode to comprise at least one electrode bar.
173. Example 173 provided by the invention: a method of reducing electric field coupling in engine exhaust dust removal comprising example 172, comprising selecting a diameter of the electrode rod to be no greater than 3 mm.
174. Example 174 provided by the invention: the method of reducing electric field coupling for engine exhaust dust removal comprising examples 172 or 173, wherein the electrode rod is selected from the group consisting of a needle, a polygon, a burr, a threaded rod, and a cylinder.
175. Example 175 provided by the invention: the method of reducing coupling in an engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field of any of examples 160-174 is included, wherein including selecting the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode to be comprised of a hollow tube bundle.
176. Example 176 provided by the invention: a method of reducing engine exhaust dusting electric field coupling comprising the example 175, wherein comprising selecting the hollow cross-section of the anode tube bundle to be circular or polygonal.
177. Example 177 provided by the invention: the method of reducing electric field coupling for engine exhaust dust removal comprising example 176, comprising selecting the polygon to be a hexagon.
178. Example 178 provided by the invention: a method of reducing coupling in an engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field comprising any of examples 175-177, comprising selecting the tube bundle of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anodes to be honeycomb.
179. Example 179 provided by the invention: the method of reducing engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field coupling comprising any of examples 160-178, comprising selecting the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode to be perforated within the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode.
180. Example 180 provided by the invention: the method of reducing coupling in an engine exhaust gas dedusting electric field of any of examples 160-179 is included wherein the anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field and/or the cathode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field are selected such that the number of electric field couplings is less than or equal to 3.
181. Example 181 provided by the invention: an engine tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, removing liquid water in the tail gas, and then ionizing and dedusting.
182. Example 182 provided by the invention: the method of removing dust from engine exhaust according to example 181, wherein the exhaust is subjected to ionization dust removal at an exhaust temperature of 100 ℃.
183. Example 183 provided by the invention: the method for removing dust from engine exhaust according to example 181 or 182, wherein liquid water is removed from the exhaust at a temperature of 90 ℃ or lower, and then the liquid water is ionized for dust removal.
184. Example 184 provided by the invention: the method for removing dust from engine exhaust according to example 181 or 182, wherein liquid water is removed from the exhaust at a temperature of 80 ℃ or lower, and then the liquid water is ionized for dust removal.
185. Example 185 provided by the invention: the method for removing dust from engine exhaust gas according to example 181 or 182, wherein liquid water is removed from the exhaust gas at a temperature of 70 ℃ or lower, and then the liquid water is ionized for dust removal.
186. Example 186 provided by the invention: the engine exhaust gas dedusting method including example 181 or 182, wherein the liquid water in the exhaust gas is removed by an electrocoagulation defogging method, and then the dust is removed by ionization.
187. Example 187 provided by the invention: an engine tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps: adding gas containing oxygen before the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field to perform ionization dust removal.
188. Example 188 provided by the invention: the method for dedusting engine exhaust gas of example 187 includes, wherein the oxygen is added by simply adding oxygen, introducing outside air, introducing compressed air, and/or introducing ozone.
189. Example 189 provided by the invention: the method of dedusting engine exhaust gas comprising examples 187 or 188, wherein the amount of oxygen supplementation is determined at least in accordance with an exhaust gas particle content.
190. Example 190 provided by the invention: an engine tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps:
1) adsorbing the particulate matters in the tail gas by using a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field;
2) and charging the tail gas electret element by using a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field.
191. Example 191 provided by the invention: the method of dedusting engine exhaust gas comprising example 190, wherein the exhaust electret element is proximate to the exhaust electric field device outlet, or the exhaust electret element is disposed at the exhaust electric field device outlet.
192. Example 192 provided by the invention: the method of dedusting engine exhaust including example 190, wherein the exhaust dedusting electric field anode and the exhaust dedusting electric field cathode form an exhaust runner, and the exhaust electret element is disposed in the exhaust runner.
193. Example 193 provided by the invention: the method of dedusting engine exhaust including example 192, wherein the exhaust runner includes an exhaust runner outlet, the exhaust electret element is proximate to the exhaust runner outlet, or the exhaust electret element is disposed at the exhaust runner outlet.
194. Example 194 provided by the invention: the engine exhaust dedusting method of any of examples 187-193 is included, wherein the charged exhaust electret element is utilized to adsorb particulate matter in the exhaust when the exhaust ionization dedusting electric field is free of an up-drive voltage.
195. Example 195 provided by the invention: the engine exhaust dedusting method of example 193 is included, wherein after the charged exhaust electret element adsorbs certain particulates in the exhaust, it is replaced with a new exhaust electret element.
196. Example 196 provided by the invention: the method of dedusting engine exhaust including example 195, wherein the exhaust ionization dedusting electric field is restarted after the replacement with the new exhaust electret element to adsorb particulate matter in the exhaust and charge the new exhaust electret element.
197. Example 197 provided by the invention: the engine exhaust dedusting method of any of examples 190-196 is included, wherein the material of the exhaust electret element includes an inorganic compound having electret properties.
198. Example 198 provided by the invention: the method for dedusting engine exhaust gas comprising example 197, wherein the inorganic compound is selected from one or more of an oxygen-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, or a combination of glass fibers.
199. Example 199 provided by the invention: the method of engine exhaust dust removal comprising example 198, wherein the oxygenate is selected from one or more of a metal-based oxide, an oxygen-containing compound, and an oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt.
200. Example 200 provided by the invention: the method of removing dust from engine exhaust of example 199 is included, wherein the metal-based oxide is selected from one or more of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, barium oxide, tantalum oxide, silicon oxide, lead oxide, and tin oxide.
201. Example 201 provided by the invention: the method of engine exhaust gas dedusting of example 199 is included, wherein the metal-based oxide is alumina.
202. Example 202 provided by the invention: the method of dedusting engine exhaust gas of example 199, wherein the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of a titanium zirconium compound oxide and a titanium barium compound oxide.
203. Example 203 provided by the invention: the method of dedusting engine exhaust gas of example 199 is included, wherein the inorganic heteropolyacid salt containing oxygen is selected from one or more of zirconium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, or barium titanate.
204. Example 204 provided by the invention: the method for dedusting engine exhaust comprising example 198, wherein the nitrogen-containing compound is silicon nitride.
205. Example 205 provided by the invention: the engine exhaust dedusting method of any of examples 190-196 is included, wherein the material of the exhaust electret element includes an organic compound having electret properties.
206. Example 206 provided by the invention: the method for removing dust from engine exhaust gas of example 205, wherein the organic compound is selected from one or more of fluoropolymer, polycarbonate, PP, PE, PVC, natural wax, resin, and rosin.
207. Example 207 provided by the invention: the method of dedusting engine exhaust comprising example 206, wherein the fluoropolymer is selected from one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylpropylene, soluble polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride.
208. Example 208 provided by the invention: the method for dedusting engine exhaust comprising example 206, wherein the fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an exhaust gas treatment device in an embodiment of an engine exhaust gas dedusting system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an umbrella-shaped tail gas insulation mechanism of a tail gas processing device in an engine tail gas dust removal system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3A is a structural diagram of an embodiment of an exhaust gas equalizing device of an exhaust gas treatment device in an engine exhaust gas dedusting system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3B is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the exhaust gas equalizing device of the exhaust gas treatment device in the engine exhaust gas dedusting system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3C is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the exhaust gas equalizing device of the exhaust gas treatment device in the engine exhaust gas dedusting system according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a first schematic view of an exhaust gas electric field apparatus according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a tail gas electric field apparatus according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a top view of the exhaust gas electric field apparatus of fig. 5 according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the cross section of the exhaust electret element in the exhaust channel of example 3 occupying the cross section of the exhaust channel.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an engine exhaust gas dedusting system according to embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of an engine exhaust gas dedusting system according to embodiment 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of an electric field generating unit.
Fig. 11 is a view a-a of the electric field generating unit of fig. 10.
FIG. 12 is a view A-A of the electric field generating unit of FIG. 10, taken along the lines of length and angle.
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an electric field device configuration for two electric field levels.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of an electric field device in embodiment 18 of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of an electric field device in embodiment 20 of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of an electric field device in embodiment 21 of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of an engine exhaust gas dedusting system in embodiment 23 of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a ducted impeller according to embodiment 23 of the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 24 of the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a left side view of an electrocoagulation device in example 24 of the present invention.
FIG. 21 is a perspective view of an electrocoagulation device in example 24 of the present invention.
FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 25 of the present invention.
FIG. 23 is a top plan view of an electrocoagulation device in example 25 of the present invention.
FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 26 of the present invention.
FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 27 of the present invention.
FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 28 of the present invention.
FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 29 of the present invention.
FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation device in example 30 of the present invention.
FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 31 of the present invention.
FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 32 of the present invention.
FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 33 of the present invention.
FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 34 of the present invention.
FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 35 of the present invention.
FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 36 of the present invention.
FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an electrocoagulation apparatus of example 37 of the present invention.
Fig. 36 is a schematic structural view of an engine exhaust gas dedusting system in embodiment 38 of the present invention.
Fig. 37 is a schematic structural view of an engine exhaust gas dedusting system in embodiment 39 of the present invention.
Fig. 38 is a schematic structural view of an engine exhaust gas dedusting system in embodiment 40 of the present invention.
Fig. 39 is a schematic structural diagram of an engine exhaust gas dedusting system in embodiment 41 of the present invention.
Fig. 40 is a schematic structural view of an engine exhaust gas dedusting system in embodiment 42 of the present invention.
Fig. 41 is a schematic structural view of an engine exhaust gas dedusting system in embodiment 43 of the present invention.
Fig. 42 is a schematic structural view of an engine exhaust gas dedusting system in embodiment 44 of the present invention.
Fig. 43 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas electric field device in embodiment 45 of the present invention.
Fig. 44 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas temperature reducing device in embodiment 46 of the present invention.
Fig. 45 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas temperature reducing device in embodiment 47 of the present invention.
Fig. 46 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas temperature reducing device in embodiment 48 of the present invention.
Fig. 47 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange unit in embodiment 48 of the present invention.
Fig. 48 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas temperature reducing device in embodiment 49 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
The engine tail gas dust removal system is communicated with an outlet of an engine. The exhaust gas discharged by the engine flows through the engine exhaust gas dedusting system.
In an embodiment of the invention, the engine exhaust gas dedusting system further includes a water removal device for removing liquid water before the inlet of the exhaust gas electric field device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature of the exhaust gas or the temperature of the engine is lower than a certain temperature, the exhaust gas of the engine may contain liquid water, and the water removing device removes the liquid water in the exhaust gas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the certain temperature is between 90 ℃ and 100 ℃.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the certain temperature is between 80 ℃ and 90 ℃.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the certain temperature is below 80 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the water removal device is an electrocoagulation device.
The following technical problems are not recognized by the person skilled in the art: when tail gas or engine temperature are low, there is liquid water in the tail gas, adsorb on tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole and tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole, it is inhomogeneous to cause the discharge of tail gas ionization dust removal electric field, strike sparks, and the inventor of this application discovers this problem, and it sets up water trap to propose engine tail gas dust pelletizing system, be used for getting rid of liquid water before tail gas electric field device entry, liquid water has electric conductivity, can shorten ionization distance, it is inhomogeneous to lead to the discharge of tail gas ionization dust removal electric field, easily lead to the electrode to puncture. When the engine is in cold start, the water trap removes water droplets, namely liquid water, in the tail gas before the tail gas enters the inlet of the tail gas electric field device, so that the water droplets, namely liquid water, in the tail gas are reduced, the discharge unevenness of a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field and the breakdown of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field are reduced, the ionization dust removal efficiency is improved, and an unexpected technical effect is obtained. The water removal device is not particularly limited, and the invention can be applied to the removal of liquid water in tail gas in the prior art.
In an embodiment of the invention, the engine exhaust gas dedusting system further includes an oxygen supplementing device for adding a gas including oxygen, such as air, before the exhaust gas ionization dedusting electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen supplying device adds oxygen by simply increasing oxygen, introducing external air, introducing compressed air and/or introducing ozone.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen supplementation is determined at least according to the particle content of the exhaust gas. The following technical problems are not recognized by the person skilled in the art: in some cases, the exhaust gas may not have enough oxygen to generate enough oxygen ions, resulting in poor dedusting effect, i.e., those skilled in the art do not recognize that oxygen in the engine exhaust gas may not be sufficient to support efficient ionization, and the inventors of the present application found this problem and proposed the engine exhaust dedusting system of the present invention: including oxygenating device, can be through simple oxygenation, let in the external air, the mode that lets in compressed air and/or let in ozone adds oxygen, the improvement gets into tail gas ionization dust removal electric field tail gas oxygen content, thereby when the tail gas stream is through the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field between tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole and the tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole, increase the oxygen of ionization, make more dust lotus electric in the tail gas, and then collect the dust of more lotus electric under the effect of tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole, make tail gas electric field device's dust collection efficiency higher, be favorable to tail gas ionization dust removal electric field to collect the tail gas particulate matter, gain unexpected technological effect, still gain new technological effect simultaneously: the effect of cooling can be played, electric power system efficiency is increased, moreover, the oxygenating also can improve tail gas ionization dust removal electric field ozone content, is favorable to improving the efficiency that tail gas ionization dust removal electric field purifies in to the tail gas organic matter, handles such as self-cleaning, denitration.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas dust removing system may include an exhaust gas air equalizing device. The tail gas air equalizing device is arranged in front of the tail gas electric field device, and can enable air flow entering the tail gas electric field device to uniformly pass through.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field of the tail gas electric field device may be a cube, the tail gas air equalizing device may include an air inlet pipe located at one side of the cathode supporting plate and an air outlet pipe located at the other side of the cathode supporting plate, and the cathode supporting plate is located at the air inlet end of the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field; wherein, the side of installation intake pipe is relative with the side of installation outlet duct. The tail gas wind equalizing device can enable tail gas entering the tail gas electric field device to uniformly pass through an electrostatic field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field may be a cylinder, the tail gas air-equalizing device is disposed between the inlet of the tail gas dedusting system and the tail gas ionization dedusting electric field formed by the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and the tail gas air-equalizing device includes a plurality of air-equalizing blades rotating around the center of the inlet of the tail gas electric field device. The tail gas wind equalizing device can enable various changed air input to uniformly pass through an electric field generated by the anode of the tail gas dust removing electric field, and meanwhile, the internal temperature of the anode of the tail gas dust removing electric field can be kept constant, and oxygen is sufficient. The tail gas wind equalizing device can enable tail gas entering the tail gas electric field device to uniformly pass through an electrostatic field.
In an embodiment of the invention, the tail gas air equalizing device comprises an air inlet plate arranged at the air inlet end of the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and an air outlet plate arranged at the air outlet end of the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field, wherein an air inlet hole is formed in the air inlet plate, an air outlet hole is formed in the air outlet plate, the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole are arranged in a staggered mode, air is fed from the front side and exhausted from the side surface, and a cyclone structure is formed. The tail gas wind equalizing device can enable tail gas entering the tail gas electric field device to uniformly pass through an electrostatic field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas dedusting system may include an inlet of the exhaust gas dedusting system, an outlet of the exhaust gas dedusting system, and an exhaust gas electric field device, and the exhaust gas electric field device may include an inlet of the exhaust gas electric field device, an outlet of the exhaust gas electric field device, and an exhaust gas front electrode located between the inlet of the exhaust gas electric field device and the outlet of the exhaust gas electric field device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas electric field device includes a tail gas front electrode, and the tail gas front electrode is disposed between an inlet of the tail gas electric field device and a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field formed by an anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and a cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field. When gas flows through the tail gas front electrode from the inlet of the tail gas electric field device, particulate matters and the like in the gas are charged.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the exhaust gas front electrode may be a point shape, a line shape, a net shape, a perforated plate shape, a needle bar shape, a ball cage shape, a box shape, a tube shape, a natural material shape, or a processed material shape. When the tail gas leading electrode is in a porous structure, one or more tail gas through holes are formed in the tail gas leading electrode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the exhaust gas through hole may be polygonal, circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, or rhombic. In an embodiment of the present invention, the size of the profile of the tail gas through hole may be 0.1-3 mm, 0.1-0.2 mm, 0.2-0.5 mm, 0.5-1 mm, 1-1.2 mm, 1.2-1.5 mm, 1.5-2 mm, 2-2.5 mm, 2.5-2.8 mm, or 2.8-3 mm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the exhaust gas front electrode may be one or a combination of a solid, a liquid, a gas micelle, a plasma, a conductive mixed substance, a natural mixed conductive substance of an organism, or a conductive substance formed by artificially processing an object. When the exhaust gas front electrode is solid, a solid metal, such as 304 steel, or other solid conductor, such as graphite, may be used. When the tail gas front electrode is liquid, the tail gas front electrode can be ionic conductive liquid.
When the tail gas ionization dust removal device works, before the gas with the pollutants enters a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field formed by a tail gas dust removal electric field anode and a tail gas dust removal electric field cathode, and when the gas with the pollutants passes through the tail gas front electrode, the tail gas front electrode enables the pollutants in the gas to be electrified. When the gas with the pollutants enters the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field, the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field exerts attraction on the charged pollutants, so that the pollutants move to the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field until the pollutants are attached to the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas pre-electrode introduces electrons into the pollutants, and the electrons are transferred between the pollutants between the tail gas pre-electrode and the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field, so that more pollutants are charged. Electrons are conducted between the tail gas front electrode and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode through pollutants, and current is formed.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas pre-electrode charges the pollutants by contacting the pollutants. In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas front electrode charges the pollutants in an energy fluctuation manner. In one embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas pre-electrode transfers electrons to the contaminants by contacting the contaminants and electrically charging the contaminants. In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas pre-electrode transfers electrons to the pollutants in an energy fluctuation manner, and the pollutants are charged.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas pre-electrode is linear, and the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is planar. In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas front electrode is perpendicular to the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field. In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas pre-electrode is parallel to the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field. In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas pre-electrode is curved or arc-shaped. In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas front electrode is a wire mesh. In an embodiment of the present invention, a voltage between the tail gas pre-electrode and the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field is different from a voltage between the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field. In an embodiment of the present invention, a voltage between the tail gas pre-electrode and the anode of the tail gas dust removing electric field is less than an initial corona start voltage. The initial corona onset voltage is the minimum value of the voltage between the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field. In an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage between the tail gas pre-electrode and the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field may be 0.1-2 kv/mm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas electric field device includes an exhaust gas channel, and the exhaust gas pre-electrode is located in the exhaust gas channel. In an embodiment of the present invention, a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the tail gas front electrode to a cross-sectional area of the tail gas flow channel is 99% to 10%, or 90% to 10%, or 80% to 20%, or 70% to 30%, or 60% to 40%, or 50%. The cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas front electrode is the sum of the areas of the solid parts of the exhaust gas front electrode along the cross section. In one embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas front electrode is charged with a negative potential.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the tail gas flows into the tail gas flow channel through the inlet of the tail gas electric field device, pollutants such as metal dust, fog drops or aerosol with strong conductivity in the tail gas are directly negatively charged when contacting the tail gas front electrode or when the distance between the tail gas front electrode and the tail gas front electrode reaches a certain range, then all the pollutants enter the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field along with the gas flow, the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field exerts attraction force on the negatively charged metal dust, fog drops or aerosol, and the negatively charged pollutants move to the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field until the part of pollutants are attached to the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field, so that the part of pollutants are collected, meanwhile, the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field formed between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field obtains oxygen ions through oxygen in ionized gas, and the negatively charged oxygen ions are combined with common dust, make ordinary dust negatively charged, pollutant such as dust that tail gas dust removal electric field anode was partly negatively charged exerts the appeal, make pollutants such as dust remove the electric field anode to the tail gas and remove dust and move, until this part pollutant is attached to on the tail gas dust removal electric field anode, realize also collecting pollutants such as this part ordinary dust, thereby all collect the pollutant that electric conductivity is stronger and electric conductivity is relatively weak in with tail gas, and make the kind that pollutant in the tail gas can be collected to tail gas dust removal electric field anode more extensive, and the collection ability is stronger, the collection efficiency is higher.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inlet of the exhaust gas electric field device is communicated with the outlet of the engine.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas electric field apparatus may include a tail gas dust removal electric field cathode and a tail gas dust removal electric field anode, and an ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode and the tail gas dust removal electric field anode. Tail gas gets into ionization dust removal electric field, and the oxygen ion in the tail gas will be ionized to form a large amount of oxygen ions that have an electric charge, particulate matters such as dust combine in oxygen ion and the tail gas, make the particulate matter lotus electric, the adsorption affinity is applyed for the particulate matter that has a negative charge to tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole, makes the particulate matter adsorbed on tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole, in order to clear away the particulate matter in the tail gas.
And a second-stage flow channel is arranged between the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field, is also called as a dedusting flow channel and is used for tail gas circulation, and the second-stage flow channel is provided with an ionization dedusting electric field. In an embodiment of the invention, the second-stage flow channel is communicated with the first-stage flow channel, and the tail gas enters the first-stage flow channel and the second-stage flow channel from the inlet of the tail gas electric field device in sequence and then is discharged from the outlet of the tail gas electric field device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field includes a plurality of cathode filaments. The diameter of the cathode filament can be 0.1mm-20mm, and the size parameter is adjusted according to the application occasion and the dust accumulation requirement. In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode filament is not greater than 3 mm. In one embodiment of the invention, the cathode wire is made of metal wire or alloy wire which is easy to discharge, is temperature resistant, can support the self weight and is stable in electrochemistry. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode filament is made of titanium. The specific shape of the cathode filament is adjusted according to the shape of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field, for example, if the dust deposition surface of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is a plane, the section of the cathode filament is circular; if the dust deposition surface of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is a circular arc surface, the cathode filament needs to be designed into a polyhedral shape. The length of the cathode filament is adjusted according to the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field includes a plurality of cathode bars. In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode bar is not greater than 3 mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cathode rod is made of a metal rod or an alloy rod which is easily discharged. The shape of the cathode rod may be needle-like, polygonal, burr-like, threaded rod-like, columnar, or the like. The shape of the cathode bar can be adjusted according to the shape of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field, for example, if the dust deposition surface of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is a plane, the section of the cathode bar needs to be designed into a circle; if the dust deposition surface of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is a circular arc surface, the cathode bar needs to be designed into a polyhedral shape.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode of the tail gas dust removing electric field is inserted into the anode of the tail gas dust removing electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field includes one or more hollow anode tubes disposed in parallel. When a plurality of hollow anode tubes are arranged, all the hollow anode tubes form a honeycomb-shaped tail gas dedusting electric field anode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of the hollow anode tube may be circular or polygonal. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is circular, an even electric field can be formed between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field, and dust is not easy to accumulate on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is triangular, 3 dust accumulation surfaces can be formed on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube, 3 far-angle dust containing angles are formed, and the dust containing rate of the hollow anode tube with the structure is highest. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is quadrilateral, 4 dust accumulation surfaces and 4 dust containing corners can be obtained, but the splicing structure is unstable. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is hexagonal, 6 dust accumulation surfaces and 6 dust containing angles can be formed, and the dust accumulation surfaces and the dust containing rate are balanced. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is polygonal, more dust-collecting edges can be obtained, but the dust holding rate is lost. In one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the inner tangent circle of the hollow anode tube ranges from 5mm to 400 mm.
In one embodiment of the invention, the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is arranged on the cathode supporting plate, and the cathode supporting plate is connected with the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field through the tail gas insulating mechanism. In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field includes a third anode portion and a fourth anode portion, that is, the third anode portion is close to the inlet of the dedusting device, and the fourth anode portion is close to the outlet of the dedusting device. Cathode supporting plate and tail gas insulating mechanism are between third anode portion and fourth anode portion, and tail gas insulating mechanism installs in the middle of the ionization electric field, or in the middle of the tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole promptly, can play good supporting role to tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole to play the fixed action for tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole to tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole, make and keep the distance of settlement between tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole and the tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole. In the prior art, the supporting point of the cathode is at the end point of the cathode, and the distance between the cathode and the anode is difficult to maintain. In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas insulation mechanism is disposed outside the dust removal flow channel, i.e., outside the second-stage flow channel, so as to prevent or reduce dust and the like in the tail gas from accumulating on the tail gas insulation mechanism, which may cause breakdown or electrical conduction of the tail gas insulation mechanism.
In an embodiment of the invention, the tail gas insulation mechanism adopts a high-voltage-resistant ceramic insulator to insulate the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field. The anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field is also called a shell.
In an embodiment of the invention, the third anode portion is located in front of the cathode support plate and the tail gas insulation mechanism in the gas flowing direction, and the third anode portion can remove water in the tail gas to prevent water from entering the tail gas insulation mechanism to cause short circuit and ignition of the tail gas insulation mechanism. In addition, the third positive part can remove a considerable part of dust in the tail gas, and when the tail gas passes through the tail gas insulation mechanism, the considerable part of dust is eliminated, so that the possibility that the tail gas insulation mechanism is short-circuited due to the dust is reduced. In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas insulation mechanism includes an insulation knob. The design of third anode portion mainly is in order to protect insulating knob insulator not to be polluted by particulate matter etc. in the gas, in case gas pollution insulating knob insulator will cause tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole and tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole to switch on to the laying dust function that makes tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole is inefficacy, so the design of third anode portion can effectively reduce insulating knob insulator and be polluted, improves the live time of product. In the process that the tail gas flows through the second-stage flow channel, the third anode part and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field contact polluted gas firstly, and the tail gas insulating mechanism contacts the gas later, so that the purpose of removing dust firstly and then passing through the tail gas insulating mechanism is achieved, the pollution to the tail gas insulating mechanism is reduced, the cleaning and maintenance period is prolonged, and the corresponding electrode is supported in an insulating mode after being used. In an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the third anode portion is long enough to remove a portion of dust, reduce dust accumulated on the tail gas insulation mechanism and the cathode support plate, and reduce electrical breakdown caused by dust. In an embodiment of the invention, the length of the third anode portion accounts for 1/10-1/4, 1/4-1/3, 1/3-1/2, 1/2-2/3, 2/3-3/4, or 3/4-9/10 of the total length of the anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field.
In an embodiment of the invention the fourth anode portion is located after the cathode support plate and the off-gas insulating means in the off-gas flow direction. The fourth anode part comprises a dust deposition section and a reserved dust deposition section. The dust accumulation section adsorbs particles in the tail gas by utilizing static electricity, and the dust accumulation section is used for increasing the dust accumulation area and prolonging the service time of the tail gas electric field device. The reserved dust accumulation section can provide failure protection for the dust accumulation section. The dust accumulation section is reserved to further increase the dust accumulation area on the premise of meeting the design dust removal requirement. And reserving a dust accumulation section for supplementing the dust accumulation of the front section. In an embodiment of the invention, the reserved dust-collecting section and the third anode part can use different power supplies.
In an embodiment of the present invention, since there is a very high potential difference between the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field, in order to prevent the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field from being conducted, the tail gas insulation mechanism is disposed outside the second-stage flow channel between the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field. Therefore, the tail gas insulation mechanism is suspended outside the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field. In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas insulation mechanism may be made of a non-conductive temperature-resistant material, such as ceramic, glass, etc. In one embodiment of the invention, the insulation of the completely closed air-free material requires that the insulation isolation thickness is more than 0.3 mm/kv; air insulation requirements >1.4 mm/kv. The insulation distance can be set according to 1.4 times of the polar distance between the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field. In one embodiment of the invention, the tail gas insulation mechanism is made of ceramic, and the surface of the tail gas insulation mechanism is glazed; the connection can not be filled by using adhesive or organic materials, and the temperature resistance is higher than 350 ℃.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas insulation mechanism includes an insulation portion and a heat insulation portion. In order to enable the tail gas insulation mechanism to have an anti-pollution function, the material of the insulation part is made of a ceramic material or a glass material. In an embodiment of the invention, the insulating part can be an umbrella-shaped ceramic column or a glass column, and glaze is hung inside and outside the umbrella. The distance between the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the glass column and the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is more than 1.4 times of the distance of the electric field, namely more than 1.4 times of the inter-polar distance. The sum of the distances between the umbrella protruding edges of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic columns or the glass columns is 1.4 times larger than the insulation distance of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic columns. The total depth of the umbrella edge of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the glass column is 1.4 times larger than the insulation distance of the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column. The insulating part can also be a columnar ceramic column or a glass column, and glaze is hung inside and outside the column. In an embodiment of the invention, the insulating portion may also be in a tower shape.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a heating rod is disposed in the insulating portion, and when the ambient temperature of the insulating portion approaches the dew point, the heating rod is activated to perform heating. Because the inside and outside of the insulating part have temperature difference during use, condensation is easily generated inside and outside the insulating part. The outer surface of the insulation may be heated spontaneously or by gas to generate high temperature, which requires necessary insulation protection and scalding prevention. The heat insulation part comprises a protective enclosure baffle positioned outside the second insulation part and a denitration purification reaction cavity. In an embodiment of the invention, the tail part of the insulating part needs to be insulated from the condensation position, so that the condensation component is prevented from being heated by the environment and the heat dissipation high temperature.
In one embodiment of the invention, the outgoing line of the power supply of the tail gas electric field device is connected in an umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or glass column through-wall mode, the elastic contact head is used for connecting the cathode supporting plate in the wall, the sealed insulating protection wiring cap is used for plugging and pulling connection outside the wall, and the insulating distance between the outgoing line through-wall conductor and the wall is larger than the ceramic insulating distance between the umbrella-shaped string ceramic column or the glass column. In one embodiment of the invention, the high-voltage part is provided with no lead and is directly arranged on the end head, so that the safety is ensured, the high-voltage module is wholly insulated and protected by ip68, and heat exchange and heat dissipation are realized by using a medium.
In one embodiment of the invention, an asymmetric structure is adopted between the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field. In the symmetrical electric field, the polar particles are subjected to an acting force with the same magnitude and opposite directions, and the polar particles reciprocate in the electric field; in an asymmetric electric field, the polar particles are subjected to two acting forces with different magnitudes, and the polar particles move towards the direction with the large acting force, so that the generation of coupling can be avoided.
An ionization dust removal electric field is formed between a cathode of a tail gas dust removal electric field and an anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field of the tail gas electric field device. In order to reduce the electric field coupling of the electric field for the ionization and dust removal, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method for reducing the electric field coupling includes the following steps: the ratio of the dust collecting area of the anode of the tail gas dust removing electric field to the discharging area of the cathode of the tail gas dust removing electric field is selected, so that the coupling frequency of the electric field is less than or equal to 3. In an embodiment of the present invention, a ratio of a dust collection area of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field to a discharge area of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field may be: 1.667: 1-1680: 1; 3.334: 1-113.34: 1; 6.67: 1-56.67: 1; 13.34: 1-28.33: 1. this embodiment selects the dust collection area of the tail gas dust removal electric field anode of relatively large area and the discharge area of the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode of relatively minimum, specifically selects the above area ratio, can reduce the discharge area of the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode, reduce the suction, enlarge the dust collection area of the tail gas dust removal electric field anode, enlarge the suction, namely, produce asymmetric electrode suction between tail gas dust removal electric field cathode and tail gas dust removal electric field anode, make the post-charge dust fall into the dust collection surface of tail gas dust removal electric field anode, although the polarity changes but can't be sucked away by tail gas dust removal electric field cathode again, reduce electric field coupling, realize that electric field coupling number of times is less than or equal to 3. That is, when the electric field interpolar distance is less than 150mm, the electric field coupling frequency is less than or equal to 3, the electric field energy consumption is low, the coupling consumption of the electric field to aerosol, water mist, oil mist and loose and smooth particles can be reduced, and the electric field electric energy is saved by 30-50%. The dust collection area refers to the area of the working surface of the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field, for example, if the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field is in a hollow regular hexagon tube shape, the dust collection area is the inner surface area of the hollow regular hexagon tube shape, and the dust collection area is also called as the dust collection area. The discharge area refers to the area of the working surface of the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field, for example, if the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field is rod-shaped, the discharge area is the external surface area of the rod.
In an embodiment of the invention, the length of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field may be 10-180 mm, 10-20 mm, 20-30 mm, 60-180 mm, 30-40 mm, 40-50 mm, 50-60 mm, 60-70 mm, 70-80 mm, 80-90 mm, 90-100 mm, 100-110 mm, 110-120 mm, 120-130 mm, 130-140 mm, 140-150 mm, 150-160 mm, 160-170 mm, 170-180 mm, 60mm, 180mm, 10mm or 30 mm. The length of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is the minimum length from one end of the working surface of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the other end of the working surface of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field. The anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is selected to have the length, so that the electric field coupling can be effectively reduced.
In an embodiment of the invention, the length of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field may be 10-90 mm, 15-20 mm, 20-25 mm, 25-30 mm, 30-35 mm, 35-40 mm, 40-45 mm, 45-50 mm, 50-55 mm, 55-60 mm, 60-65 mm, 65-70 mm, 70-75 mm, 75-80 mm, 80-85 mm or 85-90 mm, and the design of the length may enable the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the tail gas electric field device to have high temperature resistance, and enable the tail gas electric field device to have high-efficiency dust collection capability under high temperature impact.
In an embodiment of the invention, the length of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field may be 30-180 mm, 54-176 mm, 30-40 mm, 40-50 mm, 50-54 mm, 54-60 mm, 60-70 mm, 70-80 mm, 80-90 mm, 90-100 mm, 100-110 mm, 110-120 mm, 120-130 mm, 130-140 mm, 140-150 mm, 150-160 mm, 160-170 mm, 170-176 mm, 170-180 mm, 54mm, 180mm, or 30 mm. The length of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is the minimum length from one end of the cathode working surface of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the other end of the cathode working surface of the tail gas dust removal electric field. The cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is selected to have the length, so that the electric field coupling can be effectively reduced.
In an embodiment of the invention, the length of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field may be 10-90 mm, 15-20 mm, 20-25 mm, 25-30 mm, 30-35 mm, 35-40 mm, 40-45 mm, 45-50 mm, 50-55 mm, 55-60 mm, 60-65 mm, 65-70 mm, 70-75 mm, 75-80 mm, 80-85 mm or 85-90 mm, and the design of the length may enable the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the tail gas electric field device to have high temperature resistance, and enable the tail gas electric field device to have high-efficiency dust collection capability under high temperature impact. Wherein, when the temperature of the electric field is 200 ℃, the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 99.9 percent; when the temperature of the electric field is 400 ℃, the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 90 percent; when the temperature of the electric field is 500 ℃, the corresponding dust collecting efficiency is 50%.
In an embodiment of the invention, the distance between the anode of the tail gas dust removing electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removing electric field may be 5-30 mm, 2.5-139.9 mm, 9.9-139.9 mm, 2.5-9.9 mm, 9.9-20 mm, 20-30 mm, 30-40 mm, 40-50 mm, 50-60 mm, 60-70 mm, 70-80 mm, 80-90 mm, 90-100 mm, 100-110 mm, 110-120 mm, 120-130 mm, 130-139.9 mm, 9.9mm, 139.9mm, or 2.5 mm. The distance between the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field is also called the inter-polar distance. The inter-polar distance specifically refers to the minimum vertical distance between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode working surface of the tail gas dust removal electric field. The selection of the polar distance can effectively reduce the electric field coupling and ensure that the tail gas electric field device has the high temperature resistance.
In one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 1-3 mm, and the distance between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 2.5-139.9 mm; the ratio of the dust deposition area of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the discharge area of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 1.667: 1-1680: 1.
in view of the unique properties of ionized dust removal, ionized dust removal may be useful for removing particulate matter from gases, such as may be used for removing particulate matter from engine exhaust. However, after many years of research in universities, research institutions and enterprises, the existing electric field dust removal device is still not suitable for being used in vehicles. First, the electric field dust removing apparatus in the prior art is too bulky to be installed in a vehicle. Secondly, importantly, the electric field dust removal device in the prior art can only remove about 70% of particulate matters, and can not meet the emission standard of many countries.
The inventor of the present invention has found that the disadvantage of the electric field dust removing device in the prior art is caused by electric field coupling. The invention can obviously reduce the size (namely the volume) of the electric field dust removal device by reducing the coupling times of the electric field. For example, the size of the ionization dust removal device provided by the invention is about one fifth of the size of the existing ionization dust removal device. The reason is that the gas flow rate is set to be about 1m/s in the conventional ionized dust removing apparatus in order to obtain an acceptable particle removal rate, but the present invention can still obtain a higher particle removal rate when the gas flow rate is increased to 6 m/s. When a given flow of gas is treated, the size of the electric field dust collector can be reduced as the gas velocity is increased.
In addition, the invention can obviously improve the particle removal efficiency. For example, the prior art electric field dust removing device can remove about 70% of the particulate matter in the engine exhaust gas at a gas flow rate of about 1m/s, but the present invention can remove about 99% of the particulate matter even at a gas flow rate of 6 m/s. Therefore, the present invention can satisfy the latest emission standards.
The present invention achieves the above-noted unexpected results as the inventors have discovered the effect of electric field coupling and have found a way to reduce the number of electric field couplings. Therefore, the present invention can be used to manufacture an electric field dust removing apparatus suitable for vehicles.
The ionization dust removal electric field between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is also called a third electric field. In an embodiment of the invention, a fourth electric field not parallel to the third electric field is further formed between the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field. In another embodiment of the present invention, the flow channel of the fourth electric field and the flow channel of the ionized dust removing electric field are not perpendicular. The fourth electric field, also called auxiliary electric field, can be formed by one or two second auxiliary electrodes. When the fourth electric field is formed by a second auxiliary electrode, which may be placed at the entrance or exit of the ionizing electric field, the second auxiliary electrode may be charged to a negative potential, or to a positive potential. When the second auxiliary electrode is a cathode, the second auxiliary electrode is arranged at or close to an inlet of the ionization dust removal electric field; the second auxiliary electrode and the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field form an included angle alpha, and the alpha is more than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or the alpha is more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or the alpha is more than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 100 degrees, or the alpha is 90 degrees. When the second auxiliary electrode is an anode, the second auxiliary electrode is arranged at or close to the outlet of the ionization dust removal electric field; the second auxiliary electrode and the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode form an included angle alpha, and the alpha is more than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or the alpha is more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 125 degrees, or the alpha is more than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 100 degrees, or the alpha is 90 degrees. When the fourth electric field is formed by two second auxiliary electrodes, one of the second auxiliary electrodes may be charged with a negative potential and the other of the second auxiliary electrodes may be charged with a positive potential; one second auxiliary electrode may be placed at the inlet of the ionizing dedusting electric field and the other second auxiliary electrode is placed at the outlet of the ionizing dedusting electric field. In addition, the second auxiliary electrode may be a part of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field or the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field, that is, the second auxiliary electrode may be formed by the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field or an extension section of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field, and at this time, the length of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is different from that of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field. The second auxiliary electrode may also be a single electrode, that is, the second auxiliary electrode may not be a part of the cathode of the exhaust gas dust removing electric field or the anode of the exhaust gas dust removing electric field, and in this case, the voltage of the fourth electric field is different from the voltage of the third electric field, and may be independently controlled according to the working condition.
The fourth electric field can apply a force towards the outlet of the ionization electric field to the negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field, so that the negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field has a moving speed towards the outlet. Flowing into the ionization electric field at tail gas, and to the export direction flow in-process of ionization electric field, the oxygen ion of taking the negative charge is also removing electric field positive pole and moving to the export direction of ionization electric field to tail gas, and the oxygen ion of taking the negative charge will combine with particulate matter in the tail gas to the export removal electric field positive pole of tail gas and to the export removal in-process of ionization electric field etc. because the oxygen ion has the removal velocity to the export, the oxygen ion is combining with particulate matter, can not produce stronger collision between the two, thereby avoid causing great energy consumption because of stronger collision, guarantee that the oxygen ion easily combines together with the particulate matter, and make the charge efficiency of particulate matter in the gas higher, and then under the effect of tail gas removal electric field positive pole, can collect more particulate matter, guarantee that the dust collection efficiency of tail gas electric field device is higher. The tail gas electric field device improves nearly one time to the collection rate of the particulate matter that gets into the electric field along the ion current direction than the collection rate of the particulate matter that gets into the electric field against the ion current direction to improve the laying dust efficiency of electric field, reduce electric field power consumption. In addition, the main reason that the dust collection efficiency of the dust collection electric field in the prior art is low is that the direction of dust entering the electric field is opposite to or perpendicular to the direction of ion flow in the electric field, so that the dust and the ion flow collide violently with each other and generate large energy consumption, and the charge efficiency is also influenced, so that the dust collection efficiency of the electric field in the prior art is reduced, and the energy consumption is increased. When the tail gas electric field device collects dust in gas, the gas and the dust enter an electric field along the direction of ion flow, the dust is fully charged, and the consumption of the electric field is low; the dust collecting efficiency of the monopole electric field can reach 99.99%. When tail gas and dust enter the electric field along the direction of the counter ion flow, the electric charge of the dust is insufficient, the power consumption of the electric field is increased, and the dust collection efficiency is 40-75%. The ion flow formed by the exhaust gas electric field device in one embodiment of the invention is beneficial to unpowered fan fluid transportation, oxygenation, heat exchange and the like.
Along with, particulate matter etc. in the tail gas are continuously collected to tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole, and particulate matter etc. pile up and form the carbon black on tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole, and carbon black thickness constantly increases, makes the interaxial distance reduce. In one embodiment of the invention, the current of the electric field is detected to be increased, the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon is utilized, the injection current is limited by matching with the increased voltage, so that the rapid discharge generated at the carbon deposition position generates a large amount of plasma, the low-temperature plasma deeply oxidizes organic components in the carbon black, the high molecular bond is broken, and micromolecular carbon dioxide and water are formed, so that the carbon black cleaning is completed. Because oxygen in the air participates in ionization at the same time to form ozone, the ozone molecular group catches deposited oil stain molecular groups at the same time, the breakage of carbon-hydrogen bonds in oil stain molecules is accelerated, and partial oil molecules are carbonized, so that the purpose of purifying the volatile matters in the tail gas is achieved. In addition, carbon black cleaning is achieved using plasma to achieve results not achieved by conventional cleaning methods. Plasma is a state of matter, also called the fourth state of matter, and is not a common solid, liquid, gas state. Sufficient energy is applied to the gas to ionize it into a plasma state. The "active" components of the plasma include: ions, electrons, atoms, reactive groups, excited state species (metastable state), photons, and the like. In an embodiment of the present invention, when the electric field is accumulated with dust, the tail gas electric field device detects the electric field current, and the carbon black cleaning is realized by any one of the following methods:
(1) When the field current increases to a given value, the exhaust gas field device increases the field voltage.
(2) When the electric field current increases to a given value, the tail gas electric field device utilizes the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to finish the carbon black cleaning.
(3) When the electric field current increases to a given value, the tail gas electric field device utilizes the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to increase the voltage, limits the injection current and finishes the carbon black cleaning.
(4) When the electric field current increases to a given value, the tail gas electric field device utilizes the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon to increase the voltage and limit the injection current, so that the rapid discharge generated at the carbon deposition position of the anode generates plasma, the plasma deeply oxidizes the organic components of the carbon black, the macromolecular bonds are broken, micromolecular carbon dioxide and water are formed, and the carbon black cleaning is completed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode of the tail gas dust removing electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removing electric field are electrically connected to two electrodes of the power supply respectively. The voltage loaded on the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the voltage loaded on the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field need to be selected with proper voltage levels, and the specific selection of which voltage level depends on the volume, temperature resistance, dust holding rate and the like of the tail gas electric field device. For example, the voltage is from 1kv to 50 kv; the design firstly considers the temperature-resistant condition, the parameters of the inter-polar distance and the temperature: 1MM is less than 30 degrees, the dust accumulation area is more than 0.1 square/kilocubic meter/hour, the length of the electric field is more than 5 times of the inscribed circle of the single tube, and the air flow velocity of the electric field is controlled to be less than 9 meters/second. In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field is formed by a second hollow anode tube and is honeycomb-shaped. The second hollow anode tube port may be circular or polygonal in shape. In one embodiment of the invention, the value range of the internal tangent circle of the second hollow anode tube is 5-400mm, the corresponding voltage is 0.1-120kv, and the corresponding current of the second hollow anode tube is 0.1-30A; different inscribed circles correspond to different corona voltages, approximately 1KV/1 MM.
In an embodiment of the invention, the exhaust gas electric field device includes a second electric field stage, and the second electric field stage includes a plurality of second electric field generating units, and there may be one or more second electric field generating units. The second electric field generating unit is also called a second dust collecting unit, the second dust collecting unit comprises the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and one or more second dust collecting units are arranged. When the second electric field is multiple, the dust collecting efficiency of the tail gas electric field device can be effectively improved. In the same second electric field stage, the anodes of the tail gas dust removal electric fields have the same polarity, and the cathodes of the tail gas dust removal electric fields have the same polarity. And when the second electric field stage is multiple, all the second electric field stages are connected in series. In one embodiment of the invention, the tail gas electric field device further comprises a plurality of connecting shells, and the second electric field stages connected in series are connected through the connecting shells; the distance of the second electric field stage of two adjacent stages is more than 1.4 times of the pole pitch.
In one embodiment of the present invention, an electric field is used to charge the electret material. When the tail gas electric field device fails, the charged electret material can be used for dust removal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas electric field device includes an exhaust gas electret element.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas electret element is disposed in the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the anode of the tail gas dust removing electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removing electric field are powered on, the tail gas electret element is in the tail gas ionization dust removing electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas electret element is close to the outlet of the tail gas electric field device, or the tail gas electret element is disposed at the outlet of the tail gas electric field device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field form a tail gas channel, and the tail gas electret element is disposed in the tail gas channel.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas duct includes an exhaust gas duct outlet, and the exhaust gas electret element is close to the exhaust gas duct outlet, or the exhaust gas electret element is disposed at the exhaust gas duct outlet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a cross section of the exhaust electret element in the exhaust channel occupies 5% to 100% of the cross section of the exhaust channel.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a cross section of the exhaust electret element in the exhaust channel accounts for 10% -90%, 20% -80%, or 40% -60% of a cross section of the exhaust channel.
In an embodiment of the invention, the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field charges the tail gas electret element.
In an embodiment of the invention, the tail gas electret element has a porous structure.
In an embodiment of the invention, the tail gas electret element is a fabric.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the interior of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is tubular, the exterior of the tail gas electret element is tubular, and the exterior of the tail gas electret element is sleeved inside the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field.
In an embodiment of the invention, the tail gas electret element is detachably connected to the tail gas dedusting electric field anode.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the tail gas electret element includes an inorganic compound having a electret property. The electret performance refers to the capability of a tail gas electret element to have charges after being charged by an external power supply and still keep certain charges under the condition of being completely separated from the power supply, so that the tail gas electret element can be used as an electrode to play a role of an electric field electrode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic compound is selected from one or more of an oxygen-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, or a glass fiber.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of a metal-based oxide, an oxygen-containing compound, and an oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal-based oxide is selected from one or more of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, barium oxide, tantalum oxide, silicon oxide, lead oxide, and tin oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal-based oxide is aluminum oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of a zirconium titanium compound oxide and a barium titanium compound oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt is selected from one or more of zirconium titanate, lead zirconate titanate and barium titanate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen-containing compound is silicon nitride.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the exhaust electret element includes an organic compound having a electret property. The electret performance refers to the capability of a tail gas electret element to have charges after being charged by an external power supply and still keep certain charges under the condition of being completely separated from the power supply, so that the tail gas electret element can be used as an electrode to play a role of an electric field electrode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the organic compound is selected from one or more of fluoropolymer, polycarbonate, PP, PE, PVC, natural wax, resin, and rosin.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fluoropolymer is selected from one or more of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (Teflon-FEP), soluble Polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.
Produce tail gas ionization dust removal electric field under last electric drive voltage condition, utilize the partial pending thing of tail gas ionization dust removal electric field ionization, adsorb the particulate matter in the tail gas, charge to tail gas electret element simultaneously, when tail gas electric field device breaks down promptly when having no electric drive voltage, the tail gas electret element that charges produces the electric field, the particulate matter in the tail gas is adsorbed to the electric field that utilizes the tail gas electret element that charges to produce, still can carry out the absorption of particulate matter promptly under the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field condition of breaking down.
A tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, removing liquid water in the tail gas, and then ionizing and dedusting.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the tail gas is more than or equal to 100 ℃, the tail gas is subjected to ionization dust removal.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the tail gas is less than or equal to 90 ℃, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed, and then the tail gas is ionized for dust removal.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the tail gas is less than or equal to 80 ℃, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed, and then the tail gas is ionized for dust removal.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the tail gas is less than or equal to 70 ℃, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed, and then the tail gas is ionized for dust removal.
In one embodiment of the invention, the liquid water in the tail gas is removed by an electrocoagulation demisting method, and then ionized dust removal is carried out.
A tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps: adding gas containing oxygen before the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field to perform ionization dust removal.
In one embodiment of the present invention, oxygen is added by simply increasing oxygen, introducing ambient air, introducing compressed air and/or introducing ozone.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen supplementation is determined at least according to the particle content of the exhaust gas.
For the tail gas system, in an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides an electric field dust removing method, including the following steps:
passing the dust-containing gas through an ionization dust-removing electric field generated by a dust-removing electric field anode and a dust-removing electric field cathode;
When the electric field is accumulated with dust, dust removal treatment is carried out.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the detected field current increases to a given value, a dust removal process is performed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the electric field is accumulated with dust, the dust is cleaned by any one of the following methods:
(1) the dust cleaning treatment is completed by utilizing the electric field back corona discharge phenomenon.
(2) The electric field back corona discharge phenomenon is utilized, the voltage is increased, the injection current is limited, and the dust removal treatment is completed.
(3) The electric field back corona discharge phenomenon is utilized, the voltage is increased, the injection current is limited, the rapid discharge generated at the anode dust deposition position generates plasma, the plasma deeply oxidizes the organic components of the dust, the macromolecular bonds are broken, and micromolecular carbon dioxide and water are formed, so that the dust cleaning treatment is completed.
Preferably, the dust is carbon black.
In an embodiment of the invention, the dust removal electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode filaments. The diameter of the cathode filament can be 0.1mm-20mm, and the size parameter is adjusted according to the application occasion and the dust accumulation requirement. In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode filament is not greater than 3 mm. In one embodiment of the invention, the cathode wire is made of metal wire or alloy wire which is easy to discharge, is temperature resistant, can support the self weight and is stable in electrochemistry. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode filament is made of titanium. The specific shape of the cathode filament is adjusted according to the shape of the dust removal electric field anode, for example, if the dust deposition surface of the dust removal electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode filament is circular; if the dust deposition surface of the dust removal electric field anode is a circular arc surface, the cathode filament needs to be designed into a polyhedral shape. The length of the cathode filament is adjusted according to the anode of the dust removal electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the dust-removing electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode bars. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode bar is not greater than 3 mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cathode rod is made of a metal rod or an alloy rod which is easily discharged. The shape of the cathode rod may be needle-like, polygonal, burr-like, threaded rod-like, columnar, or the like. The shape of the cathode bar can be adjusted according to the shape of the dust removal electric field anode, for example, if the dust deposition surface of the dust removal electric field anode is a plane, the section of the cathode bar needs to be designed to be circular; if the dust deposition surface of the dust removal electric field anode is a circular arc surface, the cathode bar needs to be designed into a polyhedral shape.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode of the dust-removing electric field is inserted into the anode of the dust-removing electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the dedusting electric field anode includes one or more hollow anode tubes disposed in parallel. When the number of the hollow anode tubes is multiple, all the hollow anode tubes form a honeycomb-shaped dedusting electric field anode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of the hollow anode tube may be circular or polygonal. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is circular, a uniform electric field can be formed between the anode of the dust removal electric field and the cathode of the dust removal electric field, and dust is not easy to accumulate on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is triangular, 3 dust accumulation surfaces can be formed on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube, 3 far-angle dust containing angles are formed, and the dust containing rate of the hollow anode tube with the structure is highest. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is quadrilateral, 4 dust accumulation surfaces and 4 dust containing corners can be obtained, but the splicing structure is unstable. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is hexagonal, 6 dust accumulation surfaces and 6 dust containing angles can be formed, and the dust accumulation surfaces and the dust containing rate are balanced. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is polygonal, more dust-collecting edges can be obtained, but the dust holding rate is lost. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the inner circle of the hollow anode tube ranges from 5mm to 400 mm.
For the exhaust gas system, in an embodiment, the present invention provides a method for reducing coupling of an electric field for exhaust gas dust removal, comprising the steps of:
enabling the tail gas to pass through a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field generated by a tail gas dust removal electric field anode and a tail gas dust removal electric field cathode;
and selecting the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field or/and the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field.
In an embodiment of the invention, the size of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field or/and the size of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is selected to enable the electric field coupling frequency to be less than or equal to 3.
Specifically, the ratio of the dust collection area of the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field to the discharge area of the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field is selected. Preferably, the ratio of the dust deposition area of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the discharge area of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is selected to be 1.667: 1-1680: 1.
more preferably, the ratio of the dust deposition area of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the discharge area of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is selected to be 6.67: 1-56.67: 1.
in one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 1-3 mm, and the distance between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 2.5-139.9 mm; the ratio of the dust deposition area of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the discharge area of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 1.667: 1-1680: 1.
Preferably, the distance between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is selected to be less than 150 mm.
Preferably, the distance between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 2.5-139.9 mm. More preferably, the distance between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is selected to be 5.0-100 mm.
Preferably, the length of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 10-180 mm. More preferably, the length of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is selected to be 60-180 mm.
Preferably, the length of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 30-180 mm. More preferably, the length of the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 54-176 mm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field includes a plurality of cathode filaments. The diameter of the cathode filament can be 0.1mm-20mm, and the size parameter is adjusted according to the application occasion and the dust accumulation requirement. In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode filament is not greater than 3 mm. In one embodiment of the invention, the cathode wire is made of metal wire or alloy wire which is easy to discharge, is temperature resistant, can support the self weight and is stable in electrochemistry. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode filament is made of titanium. The specific shape of the cathode filament is adjusted according to the shape of the anode of the dust removal electric field, for example, if the dust deposition surface of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is a plane, the section of the cathode filament is circular; if the dust deposition surface of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is a circular arc surface, the cathode filament needs to be designed into a polyhedral shape. The length of the cathode filament is adjusted according to the anode of the dust removal electric field.
In an embodiment of the invention, the cathode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field comprises a plurality of cathode bars. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode bar is not greater than 3 mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cathode rod is made of a metal rod or an alloy rod which is easily discharged. The shape of the cathode rod may be needle-like, polygonal, burr-like, threaded rod-like, columnar, or the like. The shape of the cathode bar can be adjusted according to the shape of the anode of the dust removal electric field, for example, if the dust deposition surface of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is a plane, the section of the cathode bar needs to be designed into a circle; if the dust deposition surface of the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is a circular arc surface, the cathode bar needs to be designed into a polyhedral shape.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode of the tail gas dust removing electric field is inserted into the anode of the tail gas dust removing electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field includes one or more hollow anode tubes disposed in parallel. When the number of the hollow anode tubes is multiple, all the hollow anode tubes form a honeycomb-shaped dedusting electric field anode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of the hollow anode tube may be circular or polygonal. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is circular, an even electric field can be formed between the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field, and dust is not easy to accumulate on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is triangular, 3 dust accumulation surfaces can be formed on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube, 3 far-angle dust containing angles are formed, and the dust containing rate of the hollow anode tube with the structure is highest. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is quadrilateral, 4 dust accumulation surfaces and 4 dust containing corners can be obtained, but the splicing structure is unstable. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is hexagonal, 6 dust accumulation surfaces and 6 dust containing angles can be formed, and the dust accumulation surfaces and the dust containing rate are balanced. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is polygonal, more dust-collecting edges can be obtained, but the dust holding rate is lost. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the inner circle of the hollow anode tube ranges from 5mm to 400 mm.
A tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps:
1) adsorbing the particulate matters in the tail gas by using a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field;
2) and charging the tail gas electret element by using a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas electret element is close to the outlet of the tail gas electric field device, or the tail gas electret element is disposed at the outlet of the tail gas electric field device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field form a tail gas channel, and the tail gas electret element is disposed in the tail gas channel.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas duct includes an exhaust gas duct outlet, and the exhaust gas electret element is close to the exhaust gas duct outlet, or the exhaust gas electret element is disposed at the exhaust gas duct outlet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the tail gas electric field has no upper electric driving voltage, the charged tail gas electret element is used to adsorb the particulate matters in the tail gas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, after the charged exhaust electret element absorbs certain particles in the exhaust, the charged exhaust electret element is replaced with a new exhaust electret element.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field is restarted to adsorb particulate matter in the tail gas after the tail gas electret element is replaced with a new tail gas electret element, and the new tail gas electret element is charged.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the tail gas electret element includes an inorganic compound having a electret property. The electret performance refers to the capability of a tail gas electret element to have charges after being charged by an external power supply and still keep certain charges under the condition of being completely separated from the power supply, so that the tail gas electret element can be used as an electrode to play a role of an electric field electrode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic compound is selected from one or more of an oxygen-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, or a glass fiber.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of a metal-based oxide, an oxygen-containing compound, and an oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal-based oxide is selected from one or more of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, barium oxide, tantalum oxide, silicon oxide, lead oxide, and tin oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal-based oxide is aluminum oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound is selected from one or more of a zirconium titanium compound oxide and a barium titanium compound oxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing inorganic heteropolyacid salt is selected from one or more of zirconium titanate, lead zirconate titanate and barium titanate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen-containing compound is silicon nitride.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the exhaust electret element includes an organic compound having a electret property. The electret performance refers to the capability of a tail gas electret element to have charges after being charged by an external power supply and still keep certain charges under the condition of being completely separated from the power supply, so that the tail gas electret element can be used as an electrode to play a role of an electric field electrode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the organic compound is selected from one or more of fluoropolymer, polycarbonate, PP, PE, PVC, natural wax, resin, and rosin.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fluoropolymer is selected from one or more of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (Teflon-FEP), soluble Polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.
In one embodiment of the invention there is provided an electrocoagulation device comprising: the electrocoagulation flow channel, a first electrode positioned in the electrocoagulation flow channel, and a second electrode. When the tail gas flow passes through the first electrode in the electrocoagulation flow channel, water mist in the tail gas, namely the water mist, is electrified, the second electrode exerts attraction on the electrified water mist, and the water mist moves towards the second electrode until the water mist is attached to the second electrode, so that the water mist in the tail gas is removed. The electrocoagulation device is also known as an electrocoagulation demisting device.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode may be one or a combination of solid, liquid, gas molecular group, plasma, conductive mixed-state substance, natural mixed conductive substance of organism, or artificial processing of object to form conductive substance. When the first electrode is solid, the first electrode may be made of solid metal, such as 304 steel, or other solid conductor, such as graphite; when the first electrode is a liquid, the first electrode may be an ion-containing conductive liquid.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the first electrode may be a dot, a line, a net, a perforated plate, a needle bar, a ball cage, a box, a tube, a natural form material, a processed form material, or the like. When the first electrode is in a plate shape, a ball cage shape, a box shape or a tubular shape, the first electrode may be a non-porous structure or a porous structure. When the first electrode has a porous structure, one or more front through holes may be formed in the first electrode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the front through hole may have a polygonal shape, a circular shape, an oval shape, a square shape, a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, or a rhombic shape. In an embodiment of the present invention, the aperture size of the front through hole may be 10-100 mm, 10-20 mm, 20-30 mm, 30-40 mm, 40-50 mm, 50-60 mm, 60-70 mm, 70-80 mm, 80-90 mm, or 90-100 mm. In addition, the first electrode may also be other shapes in other embodiments.
In an embodiment of the invention, the second electrode may be in a shape of a multi-layer mesh, a net, a perforated plate, a tube, a barrel, a ball cage, a box, a plate, a stacked-layer particle, a bent plate, or a panel. When the second electrode is in the form of a plate, a ball cage, a box or a tube, the second electrode may also be of a non-porous structure, or a porous structure. When the second electrode has a porous structure, one or more rear through holes may be formed in the second electrode. In an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the rear through hole may be polygonal, circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, or rhombic. The aperture size of the rear through hole can be 10-100 mm, 10-20 mm, 20-30 mm, 30-40 mm, 40-50 mm, 50-60 mm, 60-70 mm, 70-80 mm, 80-90 mm, or 90-100 mm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second electrode is made of a conductive material. In an embodiment of the invention, the surface of the second electrode has a conductive material.
In one embodiment of the present invention, an electrocoagulation electric field is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the electrocoagulation electric field can be one or more of a point-surface electric field, a line-surface electric field, a mesh-surface electric field, a point-barrel electric field, a line-barrel electric field, or a mesh-barrel electric field. Such as: the first electrode is in a needle shape or a linear shape, the second electrode is in a planar shape, and the first electrode is vertical to or parallel to the second electrode, so that a linear-planar electric field is formed; or the first electrode is in a net shape, the second electrode is in a plane shape, and the first electrode is parallel to the second electrode, so that a net surface electric field is formed; or the first electrode is in a point shape and is fixed through a metal wire or a metal needle, the second electrode is in a barrel shape, and the first electrode is positioned at the geometric symmetry center of the second electrode, so that a point-barrel electric field is formed; or the first electrode is linear and is fixed through a metal wire or a metal needle, the second electrode is barrel-shaped, and the first electrode is positioned on a geometric symmetry axis of the second electrode, so that a linear barrel electric field is formed; or the first electrode is in a net shape and is fixed through a metal wire or a metal needle, the second electrode is in a barrel shape, and the first electrode is positioned at the geometric symmetry center of the second electrode, so that a net-barrel electric field is formed. When the second electrode is planar, it may be planar, curved, or spherical. When the first electrode is linear, it may be linear, curved, or circular. The first electrode may also be circular arc shaped. When the first electrode is in a mesh shape, the first electrode may be planar, spherical or in other geometric shapes, and may also be rectangular or irregular. The first electrode may be a point, a real point with a small diameter, a small ball, or a net ball. When the second electrode is barrel-shaped, the second electrode can be further evolved into various box shapes. The first electrode may also be varied to form an electrode and electrocoagulation field layer.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode is linear, and the second electrode is planar. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode is perpendicular to the second electrode. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode and the second electrode are parallel. In an embodiment of the invention, the first electrode and the second electrode are planar, and the first electrode and the second electrode are parallel. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode is a wire mesh. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode is planar or spherical. In an embodiment of the invention, the second electrode is curved or spherical. In an embodiment of the invention, the first electrode is in a dot shape, a linear shape, or a mesh shape, the second electrode is in a barrel shape, the first electrode is located inside the second electrode, and the first electrode is located on a central symmetry axis of the second electrode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode is electrically connected to one electrode of the power supply; the second electrode is electrically connected with the other electrode of the power supply. In an embodiment of the invention, the first electrode is electrically connected to a cathode of the power supply, and the second electrode is electrically connected to an anode of the power supply.
Also, in some embodiments of the invention the first electrode of the electrocoagulation device may have a positive or negative potential; the second electrode has a negative potential when the first electrode has a positive potential; when the first electrode has a negative potential, the second electrode has a positive potential, both the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected with a power supply, and specifically, the first electrode and the second electrode can be respectively electrically connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply. The voltage of the power supply is called power-on driving voltage, and the magnitude of the power-on driving voltage is selected according to the environmental temperature, the medium temperature and the like. For example, the power-on driving voltage range of the power supply can be 5-50 KV, 10-50 KV, 5-10 KV, 10-20 KV, 20-30 KV, 30-40 KV or 40-50 KV, and the power supply can be used from bioelectricity to space haze treatment. The power source may be a dc power source or an ac power source, and the waveform of the electrical driving voltage thereon may be a dc waveform, a sine wave, or a modulated waveform. The direct current power supply is used as the basic application of adsorption; the sine wave is used as movement, an electrifying driving voltage such as the sine wave acts between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the generated electrocoagulation electric field drives charged particles such as fog drops in the electrocoagulation electric field to move towards the second electrode; the oblique wave is used as pulling force, the waveform is modulated according to the pulling force requirement, for example, the pulling force generated to the medium in the asymmetric electrocoagulation electric field has obvious directivity, so that the medium in the electrocoagulation electric field is driven to move along the direction. When the power supply adopts an alternating current power supply, the frequency conversion pulse range can be 0.1 Hz-5 GHz, 0.1 Hz-1 Hz, 0.5 Hz-10 Hz, 5 Hz-100 Hz, 50 Hz-1 KHz, 1 KHz-100 KHz, 50 KHz-1 MHz, 1 MHz-100 MHz, 50 MHz-1 GHz, 500 MHz-2 GHz or 1 GHz-5 GHz, and the method is suitable for adsorbing pollutants from organisms. The first electrode can be used as a lead, when the first electrode is in contact with the water mist, the positive and negative electrons are directly led into the water mist, and the water mist can be used as the electrode. The first electrode can transfer electrons to the water mist or the electrode by means of energy fluctuation, so that the first electrode can be kept out of contact with the water mist. The water mist repeatedly obtains electrons and loses the electrons in the process of moving from the first electrode to the second electrode; at the same time, a large number of electrons are transferred between the water mist between the first electrode and the second electrode, charging more droplets and eventually reaching the second electrode, thereby forming a current, also referred to as an electric drive current. The magnitude of the power-on driving current is related to the ambient temperature, the medium temperature, the electron quantity, the mass of the adsorbate and the escape quantity. For example, as the number of electrons increases, the number of mobile particles, such as droplets, increases, and the current formed by the moving charged particles increases. The more charged substances such as mist droplets are adsorbed per unit time, the larger the current becomes. The escaping droplets are only charged but do not reach the second electrode, i.e. no effective electrical neutralization is formed, so that under the same conditions the more droplets escape, the lower the current. Under the same condition, the higher the ambient temperature is, the faster the speed of the gas particles and the fog drops is, the higher the kinetic energy of the gas particles and the fog drops is, the higher the probability of collision between the gas particles and the fog drops and the first electrode and the second electrode is, the lower the probability of the gas particles and the fog drops being adsorbed by the second electrode is, and therefore the gas particles and the fog drops are escaped. Meanwhile, since the higher the ambient temperature is, the higher the momentum of the gas molecules, droplets, etc., and the more difficult the molecules are to be adsorbed by the second electrode, even if the second electrode is adsorbed, the higher the probability of escaping from the second electrode again, that is, escaping after neutralization, is, the larger the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is not changed, the power-on driving voltage needs to be increased, and the limit of the power-on driving voltage is to achieve the effect of air breakdown. In addition, the influence of the medium temperature is substantially equivalent to the influence of the ambient temperature. The lower the temperature of the medium is, the less the energy required for exciting the electrification of the medium such as fog drops is, and the smaller the kinetic energy of the medium is, the more easily the medium is adsorbed on the second electrode under the same electrocoagulation electric field force, so that the formed current is larger. The electrocoagulation device has better absorption effect on cold water mist. As the concentration of the medium, such as the droplets, increases, the probability that the charged medium will have electron transfer with other medium before colliding with the second electrode is higher, so that the chance of effective electrical neutralization is higher, and the generated current is correspondingly higher; the higher the dielectric concentration, the greater the current that is formed. The relationship between the power-on driving voltage and the medium temperature is substantially the same as the relationship between the power-on driving voltage and the ambient temperature.
In an embodiment of the invention, the power-on driving voltage of the power source connected to the first electrode and the second electrode may be less than the initial corona-starting voltage. The initial corona onset voltage is a minimum voltage value that causes a discharge to occur between the first electrode and the second electrode and ionize the gas. The initial corona voltage may not be the same for different gases, different operating environments, etc. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the initial corona onset voltage is determined for a certain gas and working environment. In an embodiment of the present invention, the power-on driving voltage of the power supply may be 0.1-2 kv/mm. The power-on driving voltage of the power supply is less than the air corona starting voltage.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first electrode and the second electrode both extend along the left-right direction, and the left end of the first electrode is located at the left of the left end of the second electrode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, there are two second electrodes, and the first electrode is located between the two second electrodes.
The distance between the first electrode and the second electrode can be set according to the magnitude of the power-on driving voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, the flow rate of the water mist, the electrification capacity of the water mist and the like. For example, the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode can be 5-50 mm, 5-10 mm, 10-20 mm, 20-30 mm, 30-40 mm, or 40-50 mm. The greater the separation between the first and second electrodes, the higher the required electrical drive voltage to form a sufficiently powerful electrocoagulation field for driving the charged medium rapidly towards the second electrode to avoid escape of the medium. Under the same condition, the larger the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is, the closer the first electrode and the second electrode are to the central position along the airflow direction, the faster the material flow speed is; the slower the flow rate of the substance closer to the second electrode; and perpendicular to the direction of the gas flow, the charged medium particles, such as mist particles, increase in distance between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the longer the time that is accelerated by the electrocoagulation electric field without collision, and therefore the greater the velocity of the substance moving in the perpendicular direction before approaching the second electrode. Under the same condition, if the power-on driving voltage is unchanged, the electric coagulation electric field intensity is continuously reduced along with the increase of the distance, and the capacity of charging a medium in the electric coagulation electric field is weaker.
The first electrode and the second electrode constitute an adsorption unit. The number of the adsorption units can be one or more, and the specific number is determined according to actual needs. In one embodiment, there is one adsorption unit. In another embodiment, the adsorption units are multiple, so that more water mist can be adsorbed by the adsorption units, and the efficiency of collecting the water mist is improved. When a plurality of adsorption units are arranged, the distribution form of all the adsorption units can be flexibly adjusted according to the requirement; all adsorption units may be the same or different. For example, all the adsorption units can be distributed along one or more directions of the left-right direction, the front-back direction, the oblique direction or the spiral direction, so as to meet the requirements of different air volumes. All the adsorption units can be distributed in a rectangular array or pyramid shape. The first electrode and the second electrode having various shapes described above can be freely combined to form an adsorption unit. For example, the first linear electrode is inserted into the second tubular electrode to form a suction unit, and then combined with the first linear electrode to form a new suction unit, and at this time, the two first linear electrodes can be electrically connected; the new adsorption units are distributed in one or more of the left-right direction, the up-down direction, the oblique direction or the spiral direction. For another example, the first electrode in a linear shape is inserted into the second electrode in a tubular shape to form suction units, and the suction units are distributed in one or more directions of a left-right direction, a vertical direction, an oblique direction, or a spiral direction to form new suction units, and the new suction units are combined with the first electrodes in the above-described various shapes to form new suction units. The distance between the first electrode and the second electrode in the adsorption unit can be adjusted at will to adapt to different working voltages and requirements of adsorbing objects. Different adsorption units can be combined. The same power supply may be used for different adsorption units, or different power supplies may be used. When different power sources are used, the power-on driving voltages of the power sources may be the same or different. In addition, the electrocoagulation device can be provided with a plurality of electrocoagulation devices, and all the electrocoagulation devices can be distributed along one or more directions of the left and right directions, the up and down directions, the spiral directions or the oblique directions.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electrocoagulation device further comprises an electrocoagulation housing, wherein the electrocoagulation housing comprises an electrocoagulation inlet, an electrocoagulation outlet and an electrocoagulation flow channel, and two ends of the electrocoagulation flow channel are respectively communicated with the electrocoagulation inlet and the electrocoagulation outlet. In one embodiment of the invention, the electrocoagulation inlet is circular, and the diameter of the electrocoagulation inlet is 300-1000 mm, or 500 mm. In one embodiment of the invention, the electrocoagulation outlet is circular, and the diameter of the electrocoagulation outlet is 300-1000 mm, or 500 mm. In one embodiment of the invention, the electrocoagulation housing comprises a first housing part, a second housing part and a third housing part which are sequentially distributed from an electrocoagulation inlet to an electrocoagulation outlet, wherein the electrocoagulation inlet is positioned at one end of the first housing part, and the electrocoagulation outlet is positioned at one end of the third housing part. In one embodiment of the invention the first housing section has a profile which increases in size from the electrocoagulation inlet to the electrocoagulation outlet. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first housing portion is a straight tube. In an embodiment of the present invention, the second housing portion is in a straight tube shape, and the first electrode and the second electrode are installed in the second housing portion. In one embodiment of the invention the third housing section has a profile which decreases in size from the electrocoagulation inlet to the electrocoagulation outlet. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first, second, and third housing portions have rectangular cross sections. In one embodiment of the present invention, the electrocoagulation housing is made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy, iron alloy, cloth, sponge, molecular sieve, activated carbon, foamed iron, or foamed silicon carbide. In one embodiment of the invention the first electrode is connected to the electrocoagulation housing by electrocoagulation insulation. In one embodiment of the present invention, the electrocoagulation insulating member is made of insulating mica. In one embodiment of the invention the electrocoagulation insulating member is in the form of a column, or a tower. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode is provided with a cylindrical front connection part, and the front connection part is fixedly connected with the electrocoagulation insulating member. In one embodiment of the present invention, a cylindrical rear connection portion is disposed on the second electrode, and the rear connection portion is fixedly connected to the electrocoagulation insulating member.
In one embodiment of the invention the first electrode is located in the electrocoagulation flow path. In one embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the first electrode to the cross-sectional area of the electrocoagulation flow channel is 99% -10%, or 90-10%, or 80-20%, or 70-30%, or 60-40%, or 50%. The cross-sectional area of the first electrode refers to the sum of the areas of the first electrode along the solid portions of the cross-section.
During the process of collecting the water mist, the water mist enters the electrocoagulation shell from the electrocoagulation inlet and moves towards the electrocoagulation outlet; during the movement of the water mist towards the electrocoagulation outlet, the water mist passes through the first electrode and is electrified; the second electrode attracts the charged mist to collect the mist on the second electrode. The tail gas and the water mist are guided to flow through the first electrode by the electrocoagulation shell, so that the water mist is electrified by the first electrode, and the water mist is collected by the second electrode, so that the water mist flowing out of the electrocoagulation outlet is effectively reduced. In some embodiments of the present invention, the electrocoagulation housing may be made of metal, nonmetal, conductive, nonconductive, water, various conductive liquids, various porous materials, or various foam materials. When the electrocoagulation casing is made of metal, the material can be stainless steel, aluminum alloy or the like. When the electrocoagulation casing is made of non-metal material, the material can be cloth or sponge. When the electrocoagulation housing is made of a conductor, the material may be iron alloy. When the electrocoagulation casing is made of non-conductor, water layer formed on the surface of the electrocoagulation casing becomes an electrode, such as a sand layer after water absorption. When the electrocoagulation housing is made of water and various conductive liquids, the electrocoagulation housing is static or flowing. When the electrocoagulation shell is made of various porous materials, the electrocoagulation shell can be made of molecular sieves or activated carbon. When the electrocoagulation shell is made of various foam materials, the electrocoagulation shell can be made of foam iron, foam silicon carbide and the like. In one embodiment the first electrode is secured to the electrocoagulation housing by electrocoagulation insulation which may be of insulating mica. Also, in one embodiment, the second electrode is electrically connected directly to the electrocoagulation housing in such a manner that the electrocoagulation housing is at the same electrical potential as the second electrode, so that the electrocoagulation housing also adsorbs the charged water mist, the electrocoagulation housing also forming a second electrode. The electrocoagulation shell is internally provided with the electrocoagulation flow channel, and the first electrode is arranged in the electrocoagulation flow channel.
When the mist adheres to the second electrode, condensation will form. In some embodiments of the present invention, the second electrode may extend in an up-and-down direction, such that when the condensation accumulated on the second electrode reaches a certain weight, the condensation will flow downward along the second electrode under the action of gravity and finally collect in a set position or device, thereby recovering the water mist attached to the second electrode. The electrocoagulation device can be used for refrigeration and demisting. Alternatively, the species attached to the second electrode may be collected by applying an electrocoagulation field. The material collecting direction on the second electrode can be the same as the air flow or different from the air flow. In the specific implementation, the gravity action is fully utilized, so that water drops or a water layer on the second electrode flows into the collecting tank as soon as possible; at the same time, the speed of the water flow on the second electrode is accelerated by utilizing the direction of the air flow and the acting force thereof as much as possible. Therefore, the above objects can be achieved as much as possible according to different installation conditions, convenience, economy, feasibility and the like of insulation, regardless of specific directions.
In addition, the existing electrostatic field charging theory is that corona discharge is utilized to ionize oxygen, a large amount of negative oxygen ions are generated, the negative oxygen ions are contacted with dust, the dust is charged, and the charged dust is adsorbed by heteropoles. However, when the coating is applied to a low specific resistance substance such as water mist, the conventional electric field adsorption effect is almost absent. Because the low-specific-resistance substance is easy to lose electricity after getting electricity, when the moving negative oxygen ions charge the low-specific-resistance substance, the low-specific-resistance substance loses electricity quickly, and the negative oxygen ions move only once, so that the low-specific-resistance substance containing water mist and the like is difficult to be charged again after losing electricity, or the charging mode greatly reduces the probability of charging the low-specific-resistance substance, the whole low-specific-resistance substance is in an uncharged state, so that the heteropole is difficult to continuously exert the adsorption force on the low-specific-resistance substance, and finally the adsorption efficiency of the existing electric field on the low-specific-resistance substance such as the water mist and the like is extremely low. According to the electric coagulation device and the electric coagulation method, the water mist is not electrified by adopting an electric charge mode, electrons are directly transmitted to the water mist to be electrified, after certain fog drops are electrified and lose electricity, new electrons are quickly transmitted to the electricity-losing fog drops through the first electrode and other fog drops, so that the fog drops can be quickly electrified after losing electricity, the electrification probability of the fog drops is greatly increased, if repeated, the fog drops are wholly in an electrified state, and the second electrode can continuously exert attraction force on the fog drops until the fog drops are adsorbed, so that the electric coagulation device is guaranteed to have higher collection efficiency on the water mist. The method for electrifying the fog drops does not need corona wires, corona electrodes, corona plates or the like, simplifies the integral structure of the electrocoagulation device, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the electrocoagulation device. Meanwhile, the invention adopts the electrification mode, so that a large amount of electrons on the first electrode are transferred to the second electrode through the fog drops, and current is formed. When the concentration of the water mist flowing through the electrocoagulation device is higher, electrons on the first electrode are easier to transfer to the second electrode through the water mist, more electrons are transferred among the mist drops, so that the current formed between the first electrode and the second electrode is higher, the electrification probability of the mist drops is higher, and the collection efficiency of the electrocoagulation device on the water mist is higher.
In one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an electrocoagulation demisting method comprising the steps of:
flowing a mist-laden gas through the first electrode;
when the gas with the water mist flows through the first electrode, the first electrode charges the water mist in the gas, and the second electrode exerts attraction force on the charged water mist, so that the water mist moves towards the second electrode until the water mist is attached to the second electrode.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first electrode guides electrons into the water mist, and the electrons are transmitted among the droplets between the first electrode and the second electrode, so that more droplets are charged.
In one embodiment of the present invention, electrons are conducted between the first electrode and the second electrode through the water mist, and an electric current is generated.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first electrode charges the mist by contacting the mist.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first electrode charges the mist by means of energy fluctuation.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the water mist attached to the second electrode forms water droplets, and the water droplets on the second electrode flow into the collecting tank.
In one embodiment of the present invention, water droplets on the second electrode flow into the collection trough under the action of gravity.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the gas flows, the blowing water drops flow into the collecting tank.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the water mist flows through the first electrode; when the mist flows through the first electrode, the first electrode charges the mist, and the second electrode applies an attractive force to the charged mist to move the mist toward the second electrode until the mist adheres to the second electrode.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first electrode guides electrons into the water mist, and the electrons are transmitted among the droplets between the first electrode and the second electrode, so that more droplets are charged.
In one embodiment of the present invention, electrons are conducted between the first electrode and the second electrode through the water mist, and an electric current is generated.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first electrode charges the mist by contacting the mist.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first electrode charges the mist by means of energy fluctuation.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the water mist attached to the second electrode forms water droplets, and the water droplets on the second electrode flow into the collecting tank.
In one embodiment of the present invention, water droplets on the second electrode flow into the collection trough under the action of gravity.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the gas flows, the blowing water drops flow into the collecting tank.
Example 1
The engine tail gas dust removal system of this embodiment includes tail gas processing apparatus, tail gas processing apparatus is used for handling the waste gas of wanting to discharge into the atmosphere.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas treatment device in an embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the exhaust gas treatment device 102 includes an exhaust gas electric field device 1021, an exhaust gas insulation mechanism 1022, an exhaust gas air equalizing device, a water removal device, and an oxygen supplement device.
The tail gas electric field device 1021 includes tail gas dust removal electric field anode 10211 and sets up tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 10212 in tail gas dust removal electric field anode 10211, forms asymmetric electrostatic field between tail gas dust removal electric field anode 10211 and the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 10212, wherein, treat that the gas that contains the particulate matter passes through the gas vent gets into behind the tail gas electric field device 1021, because tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 10212 discharges, ionizes gaseous, so that the particulate matter obtains the negative charge, to tail gas dust removal electric field anode 10211 removes, and the deposit is in on the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 10212.
Specifically, the interior of the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 10212 is composed of a honeycomb-shaped and hollow anode tube bundle group, and the shape of the end opening of the anode tube bundle is hexagonal.
The tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 10212 comprises a plurality of electrode rods, and each electrode rod penetrates through each anode tube bundle in the anode tube bundle group in a one-to-one correspondence manner, wherein the electrode rods are in a needle shape, a polygonal shape, a burr shape, a threaded rod shape or a columnar shape.
In this embodiment, the inlet end of the cathode 10212 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is lower than the inlet end of the anode 10211 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and the outlet end of the cathode 10212 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the outlet end of the anode 10211 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, so that an accelerating electric field is formed inside the tail gas electric field device 1021.
The exhaust gas insulation mechanism 1022 suspended outside the air duct includes an insulation part and a heat insulation part. The insulating part is made of ceramic materials or glass materials. The insulating part is an umbrella-shaped string ceramic column, and glaze is hung inside and outside the umbrella. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an umbrella-shaped exhaust gas insulation mechanism in an embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the invention, the cathode of the tail gas dust removing electric field is installed on the cathode support plate 10213, and the cathode support plate 10213 is connected to the anode of the tail gas dust removing electric field 10211 through the tail gas insulating mechanism 1022. In an embodiment of the present invention, the anode 10211 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field includes a third anode portion 102112 and a fourth anode portion 102111, i.e., the third anode portion 102112 is close to the inlet of the dedusting device, and the fourth anode portion 102111 is close to the outlet of the dedusting device. The cathode support plate 10213 and the tail gas insulating mechanism 1022 are arranged between the third anode portion 102112 and the fourth anode portion 102111, namely the tail gas insulating mechanism 1022 is arranged between the ionization electric field and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 10212, so that the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 10212 can be well supported, the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 10212 can be fixed relative to the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 10211, and a set distance is kept between the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 10212 and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 10211.
The exhaust gas air equalizing device 1023 is arranged at the air inlet end of the exhaust gas electric field device 1021. Please refer to fig. 3A, fig. 3B and fig. 3C, which show three embodiments of the tail gas air equalizing device.
As shown in fig. 3A, when the anode 10211 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field is cylindrical, the exhaust gas air equalizing device 1023 is located at the air inlet and is composed of a plurality of air equalizing blades 10231 rotating around the center of the air inlet. The tail gas air equalizing device 1023 can enable the air inflow of the engine changing at various rotating speeds to uniformly pass through an electric field generated by the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field. Meanwhile, the temperature inside the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field can be kept constant, and oxygen is sufficient.
As shown in fig. 3B, when the anode 10211 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field is cubic, the exhaust gas air equalizing device includes:
the air inlet pipe 10232 is arranged on one side edge of the anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field; and
the gas outlet pipe 10233 is arranged on the other side edge of the anode of the dedusting electric field; wherein, the side edge of the air inlet pipe 10232 is opposite to the other side edge of the air outlet pipe 10233.
As shown in fig. 3C, the tail gas air-equalizing device may further include a second venturi plate air-equalizing mechanism 10234 disposed at the air inlet end of the anode of the tail gas dust-removing electric field and a third venturi plate air-equalizing mechanism 10235 disposed at the air outlet end of the anode of the tail gas dust-removing electric field (the third venturi plate air-equalizing mechanism is folded when viewed from the top), the third venturi plate air-equalizing mechanism is provided with an air inlet hole, the third venturi plate air-equalizing mechanism is provided with air outlet holes, the air inlet hole and the air outlet holes are arranged in a staggered manner, and the air inlet hole is opened at the front side to allow air to flow out, so as to form a cyclone structure.
The water removal device is used for removing liquid water before an inlet of the tail gas electric field device, when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, the water removal device removes the liquid water in the tail gas, and the water removal device 207 is an electrocoagulation demisting device. The electrocoagulation demisting apparatus may employ the electrocoagulation apparatus of examples 24 to 37 described below. Such as: the water removal device arranged in the tail gas electric field device 1021 comprises a conductive mesh plate serving as a first electrode, and the conductive mesh plate is used for conducting electrons to water (low-specific-resistance substance) after being electrified. The second electrode for adsorbing the charged water is the anode 10211 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field of the exhaust gas electric field device in this embodiment.
The first electrode of the tail gas water filtering mechanism is arranged at the air inlet and is a conductive screen plate with negative potential. Meanwhile, the second electrode of the present embodiment is disposed in the air intake device in a planar mesh shape, and the second electrode has a positive potential, and is also referred to as a collector. In this embodiment, the second electrode is a planar mesh, and the first electrode is parallel to the second electrode. In this embodiment, a mesh surface electric field is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode. In addition, the first electrode is a mesh structure made of metal wires, and the first electrode is composed of a wire mesh. The area of the second electrode is larger than that of the first electrode in this embodiment.
The oxygen supplementing device is used for adding gas containing oxygen before an electric field for ionizing and dedusting tail gas, the oxygen supplementing device can add oxygen in a mode of simply increasing oxygen, introducing outside air, introducing compressed air and/or introducing ozone, and the oxygen supplementing amount is determined according to the particle content of the tail gas. As the oxygen supplying apparatus, the following oxygen supplying apparatus of example 23 was used.
Example 2
The tail gas electric field device shown in fig. 4 comprises a tail gas dust removal electric field anode 10141, a tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 10142 and a tail gas electret element 205, wherein the tail gas dust removal electric field anode 10141 and the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 10142 form a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field when being powered on, the tail gas electret element 205 is arranged in the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field, and the arrow direction in fig. 4 is the flow direction of the material to be treated. The tail gas electret element is arranged at the outlet of the tail gas electric field device. And the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field charges the tail gas electret element. The tail gas electret element has a porous structure, and the material of the tail gas electret element is alumina. The tail gas dust removal electric field anode is tubular, the tail gas electret element is tubular, and the tail gas electret element is externally sleeved inside the tail gas dust removal electric field anode. The tail gas electret component is detachably connected with the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field.
A tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps:
a) adsorbing the particulate matters in the tail gas by using a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field;
b) and charging the tail gas electret element by using a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field.
The tail gas electret element is arranged at an outlet of the tail gas electric field device; the tail gas electret element is made of aluminum oxide; when the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field has no upper electric drive voltage, the charged tail gas electret element is used for adsorbing particles in the tail gas; after the charged tail gas electret element absorbs certain particles in the tail gas, replacing the tail gas electret element with a new tail gas electret element; and after the tail gas electret element is replaced by a new tail gas electret element, the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field is restarted to adsorb particulate matters in the tail gas, and the new tail gas electret element is charged.
The tail gas electric field device and the electrostatic dust collection method are used for treating tail gas after a motor vehicle is started, the tail gas ionization dust collection electric field is used for adsorbing particles in the tail gas after the motor vehicle is started, and meanwhile, the tail gas ionization dust collection electric field is used for charging an electret element of the tail gas. When the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field has no upper electric drive voltage (namely, has a fault), the charged tail gas electret element is utilized to adsorb particulate matters in the tail gas, and the purification efficiency of more than 50 percent can be achieved.
Example 3
The tail gas electric field device shown in fig. 5 and 6 includes a tail gas dust removing electric field anode 10141, a tail gas dust removing electric field cathode 10142 and a tail gas electret element 205, the tail gas dust removing electric field anode 10141 and the tail gas dust removing electric field cathode 10142 form a tail gas flow channel 292, the tail gas electret element 205 is disposed in the tail gas flow channel 292, and an arrow direction in fig. 5 is a flow direction of the to-be-treated material. The exhaust channel 292 includes an exhaust channel outlet, the exhaust electret element 205 being proximate to the exhaust channel outlet. The cross section of the tail gas electret element in the tail gas flow channel accounts for 10% of the cross section of the tail gas flow channel, as shown in fig. 7, which is S2/(S1+ S2) × 100%, where the first cross sectional area of S2 is the cross sectional area of the tail gas electret element in the tail gas flow channel, the sum of the first cross sectional area of S1 and the second cross sectional area of S2 is the cross sectional area of the tail gas flow channel, and the first cross sectional area of S1 does not include the cross sectional area of the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 10142. And the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field form a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field when being connected with a power supply. And the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field charges the tail gas electret element. The tail gas electret element is of a porous structure and is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The tail gas dust removal electric field anode is tubular, the tail gas electret element is tubular, and the tail gas electret element is externally sleeved inside the tail gas dust removal electric field anode. The tail gas electret component is detachably connected with the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field.
A tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps:
1) adsorbing the particulate matters in the tail gas by using a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field;
2) and charging the tail gas electret element by using a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field.
Wherein the exhaust electret element is proximate to the exhaust runner outlet; the tail gas electret element is made of polytetrafluoroethylene; when the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field has no upper electric drive voltage, the charged tail gas electret element is used for adsorbing particles in the tail gas; after the charged tail gas electret element absorbs certain particles in the tail gas, replacing the tail gas electret element with a new tail gas electret element; and after the tail gas electret element is replaced by a new tail gas electret element, the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field is restarted to adsorb particulate matters in the tail gas, and the new tail gas electret element is charged.
The tail gas electric field device and the electrostatic dust collection method are used for treating tail gas after a motor vehicle is started, the tail gas ionization dust collection electric field is used for adsorbing particles in the tail gas after the motor vehicle is started, and meanwhile, the tail gas ionization dust collection electric field is used for charging an electret element of the tail gas. When the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field has no upper electric drive voltage (namely, a fault), the charged tail gas electret element is used for adsorbing particles in the tail gas, and the purification efficiency of more than 30 percent can be achieved.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 8, the engine exhaust gas dedusting system includes a water removal device 207 and an exhaust gas electric field device. The tail gas electric field device includes tail gas dust removal electric field anode 10211 and tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 10212, tail gas dust removal electric field anode 10211 with tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 10212 is used for producing the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field. The water removal device 207 is used for removing liquid water before an inlet of the tail gas electric field device, when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, the water removal device removes the liquid water in the tail gas, the water removal device 207 is an electrocoagulation device, and the arrow direction in the figure is the tail gas flowing direction.
A tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, removing liquid water in the tail gas, and then ionizing and dedusting, wherein the liquid water in the tail gas is removed by adopting an electrocoagulation demisting method, the tail gas is the tail gas generated when a gasoline engine is cold started, water drops, namely the liquid water, in the tail gas are reduced, the uneven discharge of an ionization dedusting electric field of the tail gas and the breakdown of a cathode of the tail gas dedusting electric field and an anode of the tail gas dedusting electric field are reduced, the ionization dedusting efficiency is improved, the ionization dedusting efficiency is more than 99.9%, and the ionization dedusting efficiency of a dedusting method for dedusting the liquid water in the non-removed tail gas is less than 70%. Therefore, when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100 ℃, liquid water in the tail gas is removed, then ionization dust removal is carried out, water drops, namely the liquid water, in the tail gas are reduced, uneven discharge of a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field and breakdown of a cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and an anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field are reduced, and the ionization dust removal efficiency is improved.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 9, the engine exhaust gas dedusting system includes an oxygen supplement device 208 and an exhaust gas electric field device. The tail gas electric field device includes tail gas dust removal electric field anode 10211 and tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 10212, tail gas dust removal electric field anode 10211 with tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 10212 is used for producing the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field. The oxygen supplementing device 208 is used for adding gas containing oxygen before the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field, the oxygen supplementing device 208 adds oxygen in a mode of introducing external air, and oxygen supplementing quantity is determined according to tail gas particle content. The direction of the arrow in the figure is the direction of the flow of the gas comprising oxygen added by the oxygenating device.
A tail gas dedusting method comprises the following steps: adding gas containing oxygen before a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field, performing ionization dust removal, adding oxygen in a mode of introducing external air, and determining oxygen supplement amount according to tail gas particle content.
The invention discloses an engine tail gas dedusting system: the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field device comprises an oxygen supplementing device, oxygen can be added in a mode of introducing external air, compressed air and/or ozone, the oxygen content of tail gas entering a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field is improved, when the tail gas flows through the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field between a tail gas dust removal electric field cathode and a tail gas dust removal electric field anode, ionized oxygen is increased, more dust in the tail gas is charged, more charged dust is collected under the action of the tail gas dust removal electric field anode, the dust removal efficiency of the tail gas electric field device is higher, the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field is favorable for collecting tail gas particles, the cooling effect can be achieved, the efficiency of an electric power system is improved, the ozone content of the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field can be improved by oxygen supplementing, the purification, self-cleaning and ozone purification of the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field on organic matters in the tail gas are favorably improved, Efficiency of denitration and the like.
Example 6
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to the tail gas electric field device, as shown in fig. 10, and includes a tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and a tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052, which are used for forming the tail gas ionization dedusting electric field, where the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a positive potential, and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field, and the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
As shown in fig. 10, 11 and 12, in this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dust removing electric field is in a shape of a hollow regular hexagon tube, the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dust removing electric field is in a rod shape, and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dust removing electric field is inserted into the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dust removing electric field.
A method of reducing electric field coupling comprising the steps of: selecting the ratio of the dust collection area of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field to the discharge area of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field to be 6.67: 1, the distance between the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 9.9mm, the length of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 60mm, the length of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 54mm, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is disposed in the tail gas fluid channel, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field extends along the direction of the anode tail gas fluid channel of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the inlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the near inlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, an included angle α is formed between the outlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the near outlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and α is 118 °, and further under the action of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field 4052, more substances to be processed can be collected, the coupling frequency of the electric field is less than or equal to 3, the coupling consumption of the electric field to aerosol, water mist, oil mist and loose and smooth particles can be reduced, and the electric energy of the electric field is saved by 30-50%.
The tail gas electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are multiple, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the tail gas electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the anode of each tail gas ionization dust removal electric field is of the same polarity, and the cathode of each tail gas ionization dust removal electric field is of the same polarity.
The electric field stages in the plurality of electric field stages are connected in series, the electric field stages in series are connected through the connecting shell, and the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is larger than 1.4 times of the inter-pole distance. As shown in fig. 13, the electric field levels are two stages, a first stage electric field 4053 and a second stage electric field 4054, and the first stage electric field 4053 and the second stage electric field 4054 are connected in series by a connecting housing 4055. .
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, water mist, oil mist, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 7
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to the tail gas electric field device, as shown in fig. 10, and includes a tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and a tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052, which are used for forming the tail gas ionization dedusting electric field, where the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a positive potential, and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field, and the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dust removing electric field is in a shape of a hollow regular hexagon tube, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dust removing electric field is in a shape of a rod, and the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dust removing electric field is inserted into the anode 4051 of the tail gas dust removing electric field.
A method of reducing electric field coupling comprising the steps of: selecting the ratio of the dust collection area of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field to the discharge area of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field to be 1680: 1, the distance between the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 139.9mm, the length of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 180mm, the length of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 180mm, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field extends along the direction of the anode tail gas fluid channel of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the inlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the near inlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and further, under the action of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, more substances to be processed can be collected, and the electric field coupling frequency is less than or equal to 3, the coupling consumption of the electric field to aerosol, water mist, oil mist and loose and smooth particles can be reduced, and the electric energy of the electric field is saved by 20-40%.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, water mist, oil mist, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 8
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to the tail gas electric field device, as shown in fig. 10, and includes a tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and a tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052, which are used for forming the tail gas ionization dedusting electric field, where the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a positive potential, and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field, and the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dust removing electric field is in a shape of a hollow regular hexagon tube, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dust removing electric field is in a shape of a rod, and the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dust removing electric field is inserted into the anode 4051 of the tail gas dust removing electric field.
A method of reducing electric field coupling comprising the steps of: selecting the ratio of the dust collection area of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dust removal electric field to the discharge area of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dust removal electric field to be 1.667: 1, the distance between the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 2.4mm, the length of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 30mm, the length of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 30mm, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field extends along the direction of the anode tail gas fluid channel of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the inlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the near inlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the outlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the near outlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and further more substances to be processed can be collected under the action of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the coupling frequency of the electric field is less than or equal to 3, the coupling consumption of the electric field to aerosol, water mist, oil mist and loose and smooth particles can be reduced, and the electric energy of the electric field is saved by 10-30%.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, water mist, oil mist, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 9
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to the tail gas electric field device, as shown in fig. 10, and includes a tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and a tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052, which are used for forming the tail gas ionization dedusting electric field, where the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a positive potential, and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field, and the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
As shown in fig. 10, 11 and 12, in this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field is in a shape of a hollow regular hexagon tube, the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field is in a rod shape, the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field is inserted into the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field, and a ratio of a dust collection area of the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field to a discharge area of the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field is 6.67: 1, the distance between the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 9.9mm, the length of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 60mm, the length of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 54mm, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is disposed in the tail gas fluid channel, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field extends along the direction of the anode tail gas fluid channel of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the inlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the near inlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, an included angle α is formed between the outlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the near outlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and α is 118 °, and further under the action of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field 4052, more substances to be processed can be collected, the dust collection efficiency of the electric field generating unit is higher, and the dust collection efficiency of the typical exhaust particles pm0.23 is 99.99%.
The tail gas electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are multiple, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the tail gas electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the anodes of the tail gas dust removal electric fields have the same polarity, and the cathodes of the tail gas dust removal electric fields have the same polarity.
The electric field stages in the plurality of electric field stages are connected in series, the electric field stages in series are connected through the connecting shell, and the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is larger than 1.4 times of the inter-pole distance. As shown in fig. 13, the electric field stages are two stages, a first stage electric field 4053 and a second stage electric field 4054, and the first stage electric field 4053 and the second stage electric field 4054 are connected in series by a connecting housing 4055.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, water mist, oil mist, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 10
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to the tail gas electric field device, as shown in fig. 10, and includes a tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and a tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052, where the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a positive potential, and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field, and the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is in a shape of a hollow regular hexagon tube, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is in a shape of a rod, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is inserted into the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and the ratio of the dust collection area of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field to the discharge area of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 1680: 1, the distance between the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 139.9mm, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 180mm, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 180mm, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field extends along the direction of the anode tail gas fluid channel of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the inlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the near inlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the outlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the near outlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and further more substances to be processed can be collected under the action of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the dust collection efficiency of the electric field device is higher, and the dust collection efficiency of the typical exhaust particles pm0.23 is 99.99%.
The tail gas electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are multiple, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the tail gas electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the anodes of the tail gas dust removal electric fields have the same polarity, and the cathodes of the tail gas dust removal electric fields have the same polarity.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, water mist, oil mist, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 11
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to the tail gas electric field device, as shown in fig. 10, and includes a tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and a tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052, where the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a positive potential, and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field, and the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dust removing electric field is in a shape of a hollow regular hexagon tube, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dust removing electric field is in a shape of a rod, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dust removing electric field is inserted into the anode 4051 of the tail gas dust removing electric field, and a ratio of a dust collecting area of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dust removing electric field to a discharging area of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dust removing electric field is 1.667: 1, the distance between the anode 4051 of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dust removal electric field is 2.4 mm. The length of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 30mm, the length of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 30mm, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field comprises a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel comprises an inlet end and an outlet end, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is arranged in the tail gas fluid channel, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field extends along the direction of the anode tail gas fluid channel of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the inlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the near inlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the outlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the near outlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and then under the effect of tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole 4051 and tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole 4052, can collect more pending material, guarantee that this electric field device's dust collection efficiency is higher, and typical tail gas granule pm0.23 dust collection efficiency is 99.99%.
In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field form a plurality of dust collecting units, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the tail gas electric field apparatus is effectively improved by using the plurality of dust collecting units.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be granular dust, or may be other impurities to be treated, such as aerosol, water mist, oil mist, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 12
The engine exhaust gas dedusting system in this embodiment includes the exhaust gas electric field device in embodiment 9, embodiment 10, or embodiment 11. The tail gas discharged by the engine firstly flows through the tail gas electric field device so as to effectively remove pollutants such as dust and the like in the gas by utilizing the tail gas electric field device; and then, the treated gas is discharged to the atmosphere so as to reduce the influence of the tail gas of the engine on the atmosphere.
Example 13
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to the tail gas electric field device, as shown in fig. 10, and includes a tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and a tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052, which are used for forming the tail gas ionization dedusting electric field, where the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a positive potential, and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field, and the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is in a shape of a hollow regular hexagon tube, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is in a shape of a rod, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is inserted into the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 5cm in length, the anode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 5cm in length, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field includes a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is disposed in the tail gas fluid channel, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field extends along the direction of the tail gas fluid channel of the anode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the inlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the inlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the outlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the outlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and the gap between the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 9.9mm, and then under the effect of tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole 4051 and tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole 4052 for its high temperature resistant strikes, can collect more pending material moreover, guarantees that this electric field generating unit's dust collection efficiency is higher. The dust collection efficiency is 99.9% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 200 ℃; the dust collection efficiency is 90% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 400 ℃; the electric field temperature of 500 ℃ corresponds to a dust collecting efficiency of 50%.
The tail gas electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are multiple, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the anodes of the tail gas dust removal electric fields have the same polarity, and the cathodes of the tail gas dust removal electric fields have the same polarity.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be dust in the form of particles.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 14
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to the tail gas electric field device, as shown in fig. 10, and includes a tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and a tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052, where the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a positive potential, and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field, and the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is in a shape of a hollow regular hexagon tube, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is in a shape of a rod, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is inserted into the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 9cm in length, the anode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 9cm in length, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field includes a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is disposed in the tail gas fluid channel, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field extends along the direction of the tail gas fluid channel of the anode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the inlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the inlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the outlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the outlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and the gap between the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 139.9mm, and then under the effect of tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole 4051 and tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole 4052 for its high temperature resistant strikes, can collect more pending material moreover, guarantees that this electric field generating unit's dust collection efficiency is higher. The dust collection efficiency is 99.9% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 200 ℃; the dust collection efficiency is 90% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 400 ℃; the electric field temperature of 500 ℃ corresponds to a dust collecting efficiency of 50%.
The tail gas electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are multiple, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the anodes of the storage electric fields have the same polarity, and the cathodes of the tail gas dust removal electric fields have the same polarity.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be dust in the form of particles.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 15
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to the tail gas electric field device, as shown in fig. 10, and includes a tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and a tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052, where the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a positive potential, and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field, and the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is in a shape of a hollow regular hexagon tube, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is in a shape of a rod, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is inserted into the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 1cm in length, the anode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 1cm in length, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field includes a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is disposed in the tail gas fluid channel, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field extends along the direction of the anode tail gas fluid channel of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the inlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the vicinity of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the outlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the vicinity of the outlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and the distance between the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 2.4mm, and then under the effect of tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole 4051 and tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole 4052 for its high temperature resistant strikes, can collect more pending material moreover, guarantees that this electric field generating unit's dust collection efficiency is higher. The dust collection efficiency is 99.9% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 200 ℃; the dust collection efficiency is 90% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 400 ℃; the electric field temperature of 500 ℃ corresponds to a dust collecting efficiency of 50%.
The tail gas electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are multiple, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field level, the anodes of the tail gas dust removal electric fields have the same polarity, and the cathodes of the tail gas dust removal electric fields have the same polarity.
The electric field stages in the plurality of electric field stages are connected in series, the electric field stages in series are connected through the connecting shell, and the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is larger than 1.4 times of the inter-pole distance. The electric field level is two levels, namely a first level electric field and a second level electric field, and the first level electric field and the second level electric field are connected in series through a connecting shell.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be dust in the form of particles.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 16
The electric field generating unit in this embodiment is applied to the tail gas electric field device, as shown in fig. 10, and includes a tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and a tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052, where the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to two electrodes of a power supply, the power supply is a dc power supply, and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 4051 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 4052 are respectively electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a positive potential, and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field has a negative potential.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the anode 4051 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field and the cathode 4052 of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field, and the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, in this embodiment, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is in a hollow regular hexagon tube shape, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is in a rod shape, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is inserted into the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 3cm in length, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is 2cm in length, the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field includes a tail gas fluid channel, the tail gas fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is disposed in the tail gas fluid channel, the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field extends along the direction of the anode tail gas fluid channel of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the inlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is flush with the near-inlet end of the cathode 4052 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, and the outlet end of the anode 4051 of the tail gas dedusting electric field has an included angle α, and alpha is 90 degrees, the interpole distance of tail gas dust removal electric field anode 4051 and tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 4052 is 20mm, and then under the effect of tail gas dust removal electric field anode 4051 and tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 4052 for its high temperature resistant impact can collect more pending material moreover, guarantees that the dust collection efficiency of this electric field generation unit is higher. The dust collection efficiency is 99.9% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 200 ℃; the dust collection efficiency is 90% corresponding to the electric field temperature of 400 ℃; the electric field temperature of 500 ℃ corresponds to a dust collecting efficiency of 50%.
The tail gas electric field device in the embodiment comprises a plurality of electric field stages formed by the electric field generating units, and the electric field stages are multiple, so that the dust collecting efficiency of the electric field device is effectively improved by utilizing a plurality of dust collecting units. In the same electric field stage, the dust collectors have the same polarity, and the discharge electrodes have the same polarity.
The electric field stages in the plurality of electric field stages are connected in series, the electric field stages in series are connected through the connecting shell, and the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is larger than 1.4 times of the inter-pole distance. As shown in fig. 13, the electric field level is two levels, i.e., a first level electric field and a second level electric field, and the first level electric field and the second level electric field are connected in series by the connecting housing.
In this embodiment, the material to be treated may be dust in the form of particles.
In the present embodiment, the gas is exhaust gas discharged from an engine.
Example 17
The engine exhaust gas dedusting system in this embodiment includes the exhaust gas electric field device in embodiment 13, embodiment 14, embodiment 15, or embodiment 16. The tail gas discharged by the engine firstly flows through the tail gas electric field device so as to effectively remove pollutants such as dust and the like in the tail gas by utilizing the tail gas electric field device; and then, the treated gas is discharged to the atmosphere so as to reduce the influence of the tail gas of the engine on the atmosphere.
Example 18
Electric field device is applied to engine exhaust dust pelletizing system in this embodiment, including dust removal electric field negative pole 5081 and dust removal electric field positive pole 5082 respectively with DC power supply's negative pole and positive pole electric connection, auxiliary electrode 5083 and DC power supply's positive pole electric connection. In this embodiment, the dedusting electric field cathode 5081 has a negative potential, and the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the auxiliary electrode 5083 each have a positive potential.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 14, the auxiliary electrode 5083 is fixedly connected to the dust removing field anode 5082 in this embodiment. After the dedusting electric field anode 5082 is electrically connected to the anode of the dc power supply, the auxiliary electrode 5083 is also electrically connected to the anode of the dc power supply, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the dedusting electric field anode 5082 have the same positive potential.
As shown in fig. 14, the auxiliary electrode 5083 may extend in the front-rear direction in this embodiment, i.e., the length direction of the auxiliary electrode 5083 may be the same as the length direction of the dust removing field anode 5082.
As shown in fig. 14, in this embodiment, the dust-removing electric field anode 5082 is tubular, the dust-removing electric field cathode 5081 is rod-shaped, and the dust-removing electric field cathode 5081 is inserted into the dust-removing electric field anode 5082. In this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 5083 is also tubular, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the dedusting electric field anode 5082 form an anode tube 5084. The front end of the anode tube 5084 is flush with the dedusting electric field cathode 5081, the rear end of the anode tube 5084 is extended rearward beyond the rear end of the dedusting electric field cathode 5081, and the portion of the anode tube 5084 extended rearward beyond the dedusting electric field cathode 5081 is the auxiliary electrode 5083. That is, in this embodiment, the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 have the same length, and the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 are opposite to each other in position in the front-rear direction; the auxiliary electrode 5083 is located behind the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081. Thus, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081, and the auxiliary electric field applies a backward force to the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081, so that the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081 has a backward moving speed. When the gas containing the substances to be treated flows into the anode tube 5084 from front to back, the oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with the substances to be treated in the process of moving towards the anode 5082 of the dust removal electric field and moving backwards, and because the oxygen ions have backward moving speed, the oxygen ions are combined with the substances to be treated, and strong collision cannot be generated between the oxygen ions and the substances to be treated, so that the larger energy consumption caused by the strong collision is avoided, the oxygen ions are easily combined with the substances to be treated, the charging efficiency of the substances to be treated in the gas is higher, further, under the action of the anode 5082 of the dust removal electric field and the anode tube 5084, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the higher dust removal efficiency of the electric field device is ensured.
In addition, as shown in fig. 14, in the present embodiment, an angle α is formed between the rear end of the anode 5084 and the rear end of the dust-removing electric field cathode 5081, and 0 ° < α ≦ 125 °, or 45 ° ≦ α ≦ 125 °, or 60 ° ≦ α ≦ 100 °, or α ≦ 90 °.
In this embodiment, the dust removing electric field anode 5082, the auxiliary electrode 5083, and the dust removing electric field cathode 5081 form a plurality of dust removing units, so as to effectively improve the dust removing efficiency of the electric field apparatus by using the plurality of dust removing units.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be dust in the form of particles or other impurities to be treated.
In this embodiment, the gas may be a gas to be introduced into the engine or a gas discharged from the engine.
The dc power supply in this embodiment may be a dc high voltage power supply. An exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 and the dust removal electric field anode 5082, and the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field. In the absence of the auxiliary electrode 5083, the ion flow in the electric field between the dedusting electric field cathode 5081 and the dedusting electric field anode 5082 is perpendicular to the electrode direction, and turns back and flows between the two electrodes, and the ions are consumed by turning back and forth between the electrodes. Therefore, in this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 5083 is used to shift the relative positions of the electrodes, so that the relative imbalance between the anode 5082 of the dedusting electric field and the cathode 5081 of the dedusting electric field is formed, which causes the ion current in the electric field to deflect. In the electric field device, an auxiliary electrode 5083 forms an electric field that can provide an ion flow with directionality. The electric field device in the present embodiment is also referred to as an electric field device having an acceleration direction. The collecting rate of the particles entering the electric field along the ion flow direction is improved by nearly one time compared with the collecting rate of the particles entering the electric field along the reverse ion flow direction, so that the dust accumulation efficiency of the electric field is improved, and the power consumption of the electric field is reduced. In addition, the main reason that the dust collection efficiency of the dust collection electric field in the prior art is low is that the direction of dust entering the electric field is opposite to or perpendicular to the direction of ion flow in the electric field, so that the dust and the ion flow collide violently with each other and generate large energy consumption, and the charge efficiency is also influenced, so that the dust collection efficiency of the electric field in the prior art is reduced, and the energy consumption is increased.
When the electric field device is used for collecting dust in gas, the gas and the dust enter the electric field along the ion flow direction, so that the dust is fully charged, and the electric field consumption is low; the dust collecting efficiency of the monopole electric field can reach 99.99%. When gas and dust enter the electric field in the direction of the counter ion flow, the dust is insufficiently charged, the power consumption of the electric field is increased, and the dust collection efficiency is 40-75%. In addition, the ion flow formed by the electric field device in the embodiment is beneficial to unpowered fan fluid conveying, oxygen increasing, heat exchange and the like.
Example 19
The electric field device in the embodiment is applied to the engine tail gas dust removal system and comprises a dust removal electric field cathode and a dust removal electric field anode which are respectively electrically connected with a cathode and an anode of a direct current power supply, and an auxiliary electrode is electrically connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply. In this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode and the cathode of the dedusting electric field both have negative potentials, and the anode of the dedusting electric field has positive potentials.
In this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode can be fixedly connected with the cathode of the dust removing electric field. Therefore, after the cathode of the dust removal electric field is electrically connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply, the auxiliary electrode is also electrically connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply. Meanwhile, the auxiliary electrode extends in the front-rear direction in the present embodiment.
In this embodiment, the anode of the dedusting electric field is tubular, the cathode of the dedusting electric field is rod-shaped, and the cathode of the dedusting electric field is arranged in the anode of the dedusting electric field in a penetrating manner. Meanwhile, the auxiliary electrode is also in a rod shape in the embodiment, and the auxiliary electrode and the dedusting electric field cathode form a cathode rod. The front end of the cathode bar exceeds the front end of the dust removing electric field anode forwards, and the part of the cathode bar exceeding the dust removing electric field anode forwards is the auxiliary electrode. That is, the anode of the dedusting electric field and the cathode of the dedusting electric field have the same length in the embodiment, and the anode of the dedusting electric field and the cathode of the dedusting electric field are opposite in position in the front-back direction; the auxiliary electrode is positioned in front of the dedusting electric field anode and the dedusting electric field cathode. Thus, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode and the dedusting electric field anode, and the auxiliary electric field applies backward force to the negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the dedusting electric field anode and the dedusting electric field cathode, so that the negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the dedusting electric field anode and the dedusting electric field cathode has backward moving speed. When the gas containing the substances to be treated flows into the tubular dedusting electric field anode from front to back, the oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with the substances to be treated in the process of moving towards the dedusting electric field anode and moving backwards, and because the oxygen ions have backward moving speed, the oxygen ions are combined with the substances to be treated, and strong collision cannot be generated between the oxygen ions and the substances to be treated, so that the larger energy consumption caused by the strong collision is avoided, the oxygen ions are easily combined with the substances to be treated, the charge efficiency of the substances to be treated in the gas is higher, and further under the action of the dedusting electric field anode, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the higher dedusting efficiency of the electric field device is ensured.
In this embodiment, the anode of the dust removal electric field, the auxiliary electrode and the cathode of the dust removal electric field form a plurality of dust removal units, so as to effectively improve the dust removal efficiency of the electric field device by using the plurality of dust removal units.
In this embodiment, the substance to be treated may be dust in the form of particles or other impurities to be treated.
Example 20
As shown in fig. 15, the electric field device of the present embodiment is applied to an engine exhaust gas dust removal system, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 extends in the left-right direction. In this embodiment, the length direction of the auxiliary electrode 5083 is different from the length direction of the dust removing electric field anode 5082 and the dust removing electric field cathode 5081. And the auxiliary electrode 5083 may be specifically perpendicular to the dedusting electric field anode 5082.
In this embodiment, the cathode 5081 and the anode 5082 of the dust removing electric field are electrically connected to the cathode and the anode of the dc power supply, respectively, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is electrically connected to the anode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the dedusting electric field cathode 5081 has a negative potential, and the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the auxiliary electrode 5083 each have a positive potential.
As shown in fig. 15, in the present embodiment, the dust-removing field cathode 5081 and the dust-removing field anode 5082 are opposed to each other in the front-rear direction, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is located behind the dust-removing field anode 5082 and the dust-removing field cathode 5081. Thus, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081, and the auxiliary electric field applies a backward force to the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081, so that the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081 has a backward moving speed. When gas containing substances to be treated flows into an electric field between the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081 from front to back, oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with the substances to be treated in the process of moving towards the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and backwards, and the oxygen ions have backward moving speed, so that the oxygen ions are combined with the substances to be treated, strong collision cannot be generated between the oxygen ions and the substances to be treated, and therefore, the situation that the energy consumption is large due to strong collision is avoided, the oxygen ions are easily combined with the substances to be treated, the charging efficiency of the substances to be treated in the gas is high, further, under the action of the dedusting electric field anode 5082, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the high dedusting efficiency of the electric field device is guaranteed.
Example 21
As shown in fig. 16, the electric field device of the present embodiment is applied to an engine exhaust gas dust removal system, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 extends in the left-right direction. In this embodiment, the length direction of the auxiliary electrode 5083 is different from the length direction of the dust removing electric field anode 5082 and the dust removing electric field cathode 5081. And the auxiliary electrode 5083 may be specifically perpendicular to the dedusting electric field cathode 5081.
In this embodiment, the cathode 5081 and the anode 5082 of the dust removing electric field are electrically connected to the cathode and the anode of the dc power supply, respectively, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is electrically connected to the cathode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the dedusting electric field cathode 5081 and the auxiliary electrode 5083 both have a negative potential, and the dedusting electric field anode 5082 has a positive potential.
As shown in fig. 16, in the present embodiment, the dust-removing field cathode 5081 and the dust-removing field anode 5082 are opposed to each other in the front-rear direction, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is located in front of the dust-removing field anode 5082 and the dust-removing field cathode 5081. Thus, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the dedusting electric field anode 5082, and the auxiliary electric field applies a backward force to the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081, so that the negatively charged oxygen ion stream between the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081 has a backward moving speed. When gas containing substances to be treated flows into an electric field between the dust removing electric field anode 5082 and the dust removing electric field cathode 5081 from front to back, oxygen ions with negative charges are combined with the substances to be treated in the process of moving towards the dust removing electric field anode 5082 and backwards, and the oxygen ions have backward moving speed, so that the oxygen ions are combined with the substances to be treated, strong collision cannot be generated between the oxygen ions and the substances to be treated, and therefore the situation that the great energy consumption is caused by the strong collision is avoided, the oxygen ions are easily combined with the substances to be treated, the charge efficiency of the substances to be treated in the gas is higher, further, under the action of the dust removing electric field anode 5082, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the dust removing efficiency of the electric field device is higher.
Example 22
The engine exhaust dedusting system of this embodiment includes the electric field device of embodiments 18, 19, 20, or 21. The tail gas discharged by the engine firstly flows through the electric field device so as to effectively remove pollutants such as dust and the like in the gas by utilizing the electric field device; and then, the treated gas is discharged to the atmosphere so as to reduce the influence of the tail gas of the engine on the atmosphere. In this embodiment, the engine exhaust device is also referred to as a tail gas treatment device, the dedusting electric field cathode 5081 is also referred to as a tail gas dedusting electric field cathode, and the dedusting electric field anode 5082 is also referred to as a tail gas dedusting electric field anode.
Example 23
The embodiment provides a tail gas electric field device, including tail gas dust removal electric field negative pole and tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole. The tail gas dust removal electric field cathode and the tail gas dust removal electric field anode are respectively electrically connected with two electrodes of the direct current power supply, a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field is arranged between the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode and the tail gas dust removal electric field anode, and the tail gas electric field device further comprises an oxygen supplementing device. The oxygen supplementing device is used for adding gas containing oxygen into the tail gas before the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field. The oxygen supplementing device can add oxygen in a mode of simply increasing oxygen, introducing external air, introducing compressed air and/or introducing ozone. Tail gas electric field device in this embodiment utilizes oxygenating device to supply oxygen in to tail gas to improve gaseous oxygen content, thereby when tail gas flow through tail gas ionization dust removal electric field, make more dust lotus in the gas, and then collect the dust of more lotus under the effect of tail gas dust removal electric field positive pole, make this tail gas electric field device's dust collection efficiency higher.
In the embodiment, the oxygen supplementing amount is determined at least according to the particle content of the tail gas.
In this embodiment, the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field are electrically connected to the cathode and the anode of the dc power supply, respectively, so that the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field has a positive potential and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field has a negative potential. Meanwhile, the dc power supply in this embodiment may be a high voltage dc power supply. The electric field formed between the cathode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field and the anode of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field in this embodiment can be specifically referred to as an electrostatic field.
The exhaust gas electric field device in the embodiment is suitable for a low oxygen environment, and is also called an electric field device suitable for a low oxygen environment. The oxygenating device in this embodiment includes the fan to utilize the fan to in with external air and oxygen mend tail gas, the concentration of oxygen can improve in the tail gas that lets get into the electric field, thereby improves the lotus probability of particulate matter such as dust in the tail gas, and then improves the collection efficiency of electric field and this tail gas electric field device to material such as dust in the lower tail gas of oxygen concentration. In addition, the air supplemented into the tail gas by the fan can also be used as cooling air, so that the tail gas is cooled. In this embodiment fan lets in the tail gas with the air to before tail gas electric field device entry, play the effect of cooling to tail gas. The air may be introduced at 50% to 300%, or 100% to 180%, or 120% to 150% of the tail gas.
In this embodiment, the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field and the tail gas electric field device may be specifically used for collecting particulate matters such as dust in tail gas of a fuel engine or tail gas of a combustion furnace, that is, the gas may be specifically tail gas of a fuel engine or tail gas of a combustion furnace. According to the embodiment, fresh air or pure oxygen is supplemented into the tail gas by the oxygen supplementing device, so that the oxygen content of the tail gas is improved, and the efficiency of collecting particulate matters and aerosol-state substances in the tail gas by a tail gas ionization dust removal electric field can be improved. Simultaneously, can also play the effect of cooling to tail gas to more be favorable to the particulate matter in the electric field collection tail gas.
In the embodiment, the oxygenation of the tail gas can be realized by introducing compressed air or ozone into the tail gas through an oxygenating device; meanwhile, the combustion condition of equipment such as a front-stage engine or a boiler and the like is adjusted, so that the oxygen content of the generated tail gas is stable, and the requirements of electric field charge and dust collection are met.
The oxygenating device in this embodiment may specifically include a positive pressure fan and a pipeline. The cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field form an electric field assembly, and the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field is also called a corona electrode. The high-voltage direct-current power supply and the power line form a power supply assembly. In this embodiment, utilize oxygenating device to supply the oxygen in the air to tail gas in, make the dust charge the electric charge, avoid tail gas to cause electric field efficiency fluctuation because of the oxygen content fluctuation. Meanwhile, the oxygen supplementation can also improve the ozone content of the electric field, and is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the electric field in purifying, self-cleaning, denitration and other treatments of organic matters in the tail gas.
The tail gas electric field device is also called a dust remover in the embodiment. And a dust removal channel is arranged between the cathode of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the anode of the tail gas dust removal electric field, and the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field is formed in the dust removal channel. As shown in fig. 17 and 18, the exhaust gas electric field device further includes an impeller duct 3091 communicated with the dust removal channel, an exhaust gas channel 3092 communicated with the impeller duct 3091, and an oxygen increasing duct 3093 communicated with the impeller duct 3091. An impeller 3094 is installed in the impeller duct 3091, and the impeller 3094 constitutes the blower, i.e. the oxygenating device includes the impeller 3094. The oxygen increasing duct 3093 is located at the periphery of the exhaust gas channel 3092, and the oxygen increasing duct 3093 is also called an outer duct. One end of the oxygenation duct 3093 is provided with an air inlet 30931, one end of the tail gas channel 3092 is provided with a tail gas inlet 30921, and the tail gas inlet 30921 is communicated with an exhaust port of a fuel engine or a combustion furnace. Therefore, tail gas discharged by an engine or a combustion furnace and the like enters the impeller duct 3091 through the tail gas inlet 30921 and the tail gas channel 3092, the impeller 3094 in the impeller duct 3091 is pushed to rotate, the tail gas cooling effect is achieved, and external air is sucked into the oxygen increasing duct 3093 and the impeller duct 3091 through the air inlet 30931 when the impeller 3094 rotates, so that the air is mixed into the tail gas, and the tail gas oxygen increasing and cooling purposes are achieved; the tail gas supplemented with oxygen flows through the dust removal channel through the impeller duct 3091, and then the tail gas after oxygenation is subjected to dust removal by using an electric field, so that the dust removal efficiency is higher. In the present embodiment, the impeller duct 3091 and the impeller 3094 constitute a turbofan.
Example 24
As shown in fig. 19 to 21, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode 301 capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and a second electrode 302 capable of applying an attractive force to the charged mist.
Also, as shown in FIG. 19, the electrocoagulation device in this embodiment further comprises an electrocoagulation housing 303 having an electrocoagulation inlet 3031 and an electrocoagulation outlet 3032, the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 each being mounted in the electrocoagulation housing 303. And the first electrode 301 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the electrocoagulation shell 303 through an electrocoagulation insulating part 304, and the second electrode 302 is directly and fixedly connected with the electrocoagulation shell 303. The electrocoagulation insulator 304 in this embodiment is in the form of a column, also referred to as an insulating column. In another embodiment the electrocoagulation insulation 304 may also be in the form of a tower or the like. The electrocoagulation insulator 304 is mainly anti-pollution and anti-creepage. In this embodiment the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 are both mesh-shaped and both are between the electrocoagulation inlet 3031 and the electrocoagulation outlet 3032. The first electrode 301 has a negative potential and the second electrode 302 has a positive potential. Meanwhile, in the embodiment where the electrocoagulation housing 303 has the same electrical potential as the second electrode 302, the electrocoagulation housing 303 also has an adsorption effect on charged species. In the embodiment, an electrocoagulation channel 3036 is arranged in the electrocoagulation housing, the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 are both arranged in the electrocoagulation channel 3036, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the first electrode 301 to the cross-sectional area of the electrocoagulation channel 3036 is 99-10%, or 90-10%, or 80-20%, or 70-30%, or 60-40%, or 50%.
As shown in FIG. 19, the principle of operation of the electrocoagulation device of this embodiment is as follows: tail gas flows into the electrocoagulation housing 303 through the electrocoagulation inlet 3031 and flows out through the electrocoagulation outlet 3032; in the process, the tail gas flows through the first electrode 301, when the water mist in the tail gas contacts the first electrode 301 or the distance between the tail gas and the first electrode 301 reaches a certain value, the first electrode 301 transfers electrons to the water mist, the water mist is electrified, the second electrode 302 exerts attraction force on the electrified water mist, and the water mist moves towards the second electrode 302 and is attached to the second electrode 302; because the water mist has the characteristics of easy electrification and volatile electricity, certain electrified fogdrop loses electricity in the moving process of the second electrode 302, and other electrified fogdrop quickly transmit electrons to the electrified fogdrop, so that the process is repeated, the fogdrop is in a continuous electrified state, the second electrode 302 can continuously apply adsorption force to the fogdrop, and the fogdrop is attached to the second electrode 302, so that the water mist is removed. The first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 described above constitute an adsorption unit in this embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 21, in this embodiment, 3 front connecting portions 3011 are provided on the first electrode 301, and the 3 front connecting portions 3011 are respectively fixed to 3 connecting portions on the inner wall of the electrocoagulation housing 303 through 3 electrocoagulation insulating members 304, which can effectively enhance the connecting strength between the first electrode 301 and the electrocoagulation housing 303. The front connecting portion 3011 is cylindrical in this embodiment, and the front connecting portion 3011 may be tower-shaped in other embodiments. The electrocoagulation insulation member 304 is cylindrical in this embodiment, but in other embodiments the electrocoagulation insulation member 304 may also be in the form of a tower or the like. The rear connection portion is cylindrical in this embodiment, and the electrocoagulation insulation member 304 may also be in the shape of a tower or the like in other embodiments. As shown in FIG. 19, the electrocoagulation housing 303 of this embodiment includes a first housing portion 3033, a second housing portion 3034, and a third housing portion 3035 which are arranged in series from the electrocoagulation inlet 3031 to the electrocoagulation outlet 3032. The electrocoagulation inlet 3031 is located at one end of the first housing portion 3033 and the electrocoagulation outlet 3032 is located at one end of the third housing portion 3035. The first housing portion 3033 has a profile that gradually increases in size from the electrocoagulation inlet 3031 to the electrocoagulation outlet 3032, and the third housing portion 3035 has a profile that gradually decreases in size from the electrocoagulation inlet 3031 to the electrocoagulation outlet 3032. The second housing portion 3034 in this embodiment has a rectangular cross-section. In this embodiment, the electrocoagulation housing 303 adopts the above structural design, so that the tail gas reaches a certain inlet flow velocity at the electrocoagulation inlet 3031, and more mainly, the gas flow distribution is more uniform, and further, the media in the tail gas, such as mist drops, are more easily electrified under the excitation action of the first electrode 301. Meanwhile, the electrocoagulation shell 303 is more convenient to package, reduces the material consumption, saves space, can be connected by a pipeline and is also used for insulation. Any electrocoagulation housing 303 which achieves the above described results is acceptable.
In this embodiment, the electrocoagulation inlet 3031 and the electrocoagulation outlet 3032 are both circular, the electrocoagulation inlet 3031 may also be referred to as a gas inlet, and the electrocoagulation outlet 3032 may also be referred to as a gas outlet. In this embodiment, the diameter of the electrocoagulation inlet 3031 is 300mm to 1000mm, specifically 500 mm. Meanwhile, the diameter of the electrocoagulation inlet 3031 in the embodiment is 300 mm-1000 mm, specifically 500 mm.
Example 25
As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode 301 capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and a second electrode 302 capable of applying an attractive force to the charged mist.
As shown in fig. 22 and 23, in the present embodiment, there are two first electrodes 301, and each of the two first electrodes 301 has a mesh shape and a ball cage shape. In one of the second electrodes 302 in this embodiment, the second electrode 302 is mesh-shaped and has a ball cage shape. The second electrode 302 is located between the two first electrodes 301. Also, as shown in FIG. 33, the electrocoagulation device of this embodiment further comprises an electrocoagulation housing 303 having an electrocoagulation inlet 3031 and an electrocoagulation outlet 3032, the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 each being mounted in the electrocoagulation housing 303. And the first electrode 301 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the electrocoagulation shell 303 through an electrocoagulation insulating part 304, and the second electrode 302 is directly and fixedly connected with the electrocoagulation shell 303. The electrocoagulation insulator 304 in this embodiment is in the form of a column, also referred to as an insulating column. In this embodiment the first electrode 301 has a negative potential and the second electrode 302 has a positive potential. Meanwhile, in the embodiment where the electrocoagulation housing 303 has the same electrical potential as the second electrode 302, the electrocoagulation housing 303 also has an adsorption effect on charged species.
As shown in FIG. 22, the principle of operation of the electrocoagulation device of this embodiment is as follows: tail gas flows into the electrocoagulation housing 303 through the electrocoagulation inlet 3031 and flows out through the electrocoagulation outlet 3032; in the process, the tail gas firstly flows through one of the first electrodes 301, when the water mist in the tail gas is contacted with the first electrode 301 or the distance between the tail gas and the first electrode 301 reaches a certain value, the first electrode 301 transmits electrons to the water mist, part of the water mist is electrified, the second electrode 302 exerts attraction force on the electrified water mist, and the water mist moves to the second electrode 302 and is attached to the second electrode 302; and when the part of the water mist is contacted with the other first electrode 301 or reaches a certain distance from the other first electrode 301, the part of the water mist is electrified, and the electrocoagulation housing 303 applies adsorption force to the part of the electrified water mist, so that the part of the electrified water mist is attached to the inner wall of the electrocoagulation housing 303, and the water mist in the tail gas is greatly reduced. In addition, in the present embodiment, the electrocoagulation inlet 3031 and the electrocoagulation outlet 3032 are both circular, the electrocoagulation inlet 3031 may also be referred to as a gas inlet, and the electrocoagulation outlet 3032 may also be referred to as a gas outlet.
Example 26
As shown in FIG. 24, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode 301 capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and a second electrode 302 capable of applying an attractive force to the charged mist.
In this embodiment, the first electrode 301 has a needle shape, and the first electrode 301 has a negative potential. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the second electrode 302 is planar, and the second electrode 302 is charged with a positive potential, and the second electrode 302 is also referred to as a collector. In this embodiment, the second electrode 302 is planar, and the first electrode 301 is perpendicular to the second electrode 302. In this embodiment, a line-surface electric field is formed between the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302.
Example 27
As shown in FIG. 25, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode 301 capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and a second electrode 302 capable of applying an attractive force to the charged mist.
In this embodiment, the first electrode 301 is linear, and the first electrode 301 has a negative potential. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the second electrode 302 is planar, and the second electrode 302 is charged with a positive potential, and the second electrode 302 is also referred to as a collector. In this embodiment, the second electrode 302 is planar, and the first electrode 301 is parallel to the second electrode 302. In this embodiment, a line-surface electric field is formed between the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302.
Example 28
As shown in FIG. 26, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode 301 capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and a second electrode 302 capable of applying an attractive force to the charged mist.
In this embodiment, the first electrode 301 is mesh-shaped, and the first electrode 301 has a negative potential. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the second electrode 302 is planar, and the second electrode 302 is charged with a positive potential, and the second electrode 302 is also referred to as a collector. In this embodiment, the second electrode 302 is planar, and the first electrode 301 is parallel to the second electrode 302. In this embodiment, a mesh surface electric field is formed between the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302. In addition, the first electrode 301 in this embodiment is a mesh structure made of a metal wire, and the first electrode 301 is made of a metal wire mesh. The area of the second electrode 302 is larger than that of the first electrode 301 in this embodiment.
Example 29
As shown in FIG. 27, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode 301 capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and a second electrode 302 capable of applying an attractive force to the charged mist.
In this embodiment, the first electrode 301 is point-shaped, and the first electrode 301 has a negative potential. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the second electrode 302 is barrel-shaped, and the second electrode 302 is charged with a positive potential, and the second electrode 302 is also called a collector. The first electrode 301 is fixed by a metal wire or a metal needle in this embodiment. And the first electrode 301 is located at the geometric symmetry center of the barrel-shaped second electrode 302 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, a spot bucket electric field is formed between the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302.
Example 30
As shown in FIG. 28, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode 301 capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and a second electrode 302 capable of applying an attractive force to the charged mist.
In this embodiment, the first electrode 301 is linear, and the first electrode 301 has a negative potential. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the second electrode 302 is barrel-shaped, and the second electrode 302 is charged with a positive potential, and the second electrode 302 is also called a collector. The first electrode 301 is fixed by a metal wire or a metal needle in this embodiment. And the first electrode 301 is located on the geometric symmetry axis of the barrel-shaped second electrode 302 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, a linear barrel electric field is formed between the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302.
Example 31
As shown in FIG. 29, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode 301 capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and a second electrode 302 capable of applying an attractive force to the charged mist.
In this embodiment, the first electrode 301 is mesh-shaped, and the first electrode 301 has a negative potential. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the second electrode 302 is barrel-shaped, and the second electrode 302 is charged with a positive potential, and the second electrode 302 is also called a collector. The first electrode 301 is fixed by a metal wire or a metal needle in this embodiment. And the first electrode 301 is located at the geometric symmetry center of the barrel-shaped second electrode 302 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, a mesh-bucket electrocoagulation electric field is formed between the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302.
Example 32
As shown in FIG. 30, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode 301 capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and a second electrode 302 capable of applying an attractive force to the charged mist.
In this embodiment, there are two second electrodes 302, and the first electrode 301 is located between the two second electrodes 302, the length of the first electrode 301 in the left-right direction is greater than the length of the second electrode 302 in the left-right direction, and the left end of the first electrode 301 is located at the left of the second electrode 302. The left end of the first electrode 301 and the left end of the second electrode 302 form an electric line of force extending in an oblique direction. An asymmetric electrocoagulation electric field is formed between the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 in this embodiment. In use, water mist (low specific resistance substance), such as droplets, enters between the two second electrodes 302 from the left. After part of the droplets are charged, the droplets move from the left end of the first electrode 301 to the left end of the second electrode 302 in an oblique direction, thereby forming a pulling action on the droplets.
Example 33
As shown in FIG. 31, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and the second electrode can apply attraction force to the charged water mist.
The first electrode and the second electrode constitute the adsorption unit 3010 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, there are a plurality of suction units 3010, and all the suction units 3010 are distributed in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, all the adsorption units 3010 are specifically distributed in the left-right direction.
Example 34
As shown in FIG. 32, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and the second electrode can apply attraction force to the charged water mist.
The first electrode and the second electrode constitute the adsorption unit 3010 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, there are a plurality of suction units 3010, and all the suction units 3010 are distributed in the vertical direction.
Example 35
As shown in FIG. 33, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and the second electrode can apply attraction force to the charged water mist.
The first electrode and the second electrode constitute the adsorption unit 3010 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, there are a plurality of adsorption units 3010, and all the adsorption units 3010 are distributed in an oblique direction.
Example 36
As shown in FIG. 34, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and the second electrode can apply attraction force to the charged water mist.
The first electrode and the second electrode constitute the adsorption unit 3010 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, there are a plurality of adsorption units 3010, and all the adsorption units 3010 are distributed along a spiral direction.
Example 37
As shown in FIG. 35, the present embodiment provides an electrocoagulation device comprising:
a first electrode capable of conducting electrons to the water mist; when electrons are conducted to the mist, the mist is charged;
and the second electrode can apply attraction force to the charged water mist.
The first electrode and the second electrode constitute the adsorption unit 3010 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, there are a plurality of suction units 3010, and all the suction units 3010 are arranged in the left-right direction, the up-down direction, and the oblique direction.
Example 38
As shown in FIG. 36, this embodiment provides an engine exhaust gas dedusting system comprising the electrocoagulation device 30100 and the Venturi plate 3051. The electrocoagulation device 30100 is used in combination with a Venturi plate 3051 in this embodiment.
Example 39
As shown in FIG. 37, this embodiment provides an engine exhaust gas dedusting system comprising the electrocoagulation device 30100, the corona device 3054, and the Venturi plate 3051 described above, wherein the electrocoagulation device 30100 is located between the corona device 3054 and the Venturi plate 3051.
Example 40
As shown in FIG. 38, this embodiment provides an engine exhaust gas dedusting system comprising the electrocoagulation device 30100, the centrifugal device 3056 and the Venturi plate 3051 described above, wherein the electrocoagulation device 30100 is located between the centrifugal device 3056 and the Venturi plate 3051.
EXAMPLE 41
As shown in fig. 39, this embodiment provides an engine exhaust gas dedusting system, which includes the electrocoagulation device 30100, the corona device 3054, the venturi plate 3051, and the molecular sieve 3057, wherein the venturi plate 3051 and the electrocoagulation device 30100 are located between the corona device 3054 and the molecular sieve 3057.
Example 42
As shown in FIG. 40, the embodiment provides an engine exhaust gas dedusting system, which comprises the electrocoagulation device 30100, the corona device 3054 and the electromagnetic device 3058, wherein the electrocoagulation device 30100 is positioned between the corona device 3054 and the electromagnetic device 3058.
Example 43
As shown in fig. 41, the present embodiment provides an engine exhaust gas dedusting system, comprising the electrocoagulation device 30100, the corona device 3054 and the irradiation device 3059, wherein the irradiation device 3059 is located between the corona device 3054 and the electrocoagulation device 30100.
Example 44
As shown in fig. 42, the present embodiment provides an engine exhaust gas dust removal system, which includes the electrocoagulation device 30100, the corona device 3054 and the wet electric dust removal device 3061, wherein the wet electric dust removal device 3061 is located between the corona device 3054 and the electrocoagulation device 30100.
Example 45
As shown in fig. 43, the present embodiment provides an exhaust gas electric field device, which includes an exhaust gas electric field device inlet 3085, an exhaust gas runner 3086, an electric field runner 3087, and an exhaust gas electric field device outlet 3088, where the exhaust gas runner 3086 is installed with an exhaust gas front electrode 3083, a ratio between a cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas front electrode 3083 and a cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas runner 3086 is 99% to 10%, the exhaust gas electric field device further includes an exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode 3081 and an exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode 3082, and the electric field runner 3087 is located between the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode 3081 and the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode 3082. The working principle of the tail gas electric field device is as follows: the gas containing pollutants enters the tail gas runner 3086 through the tail gas electric field device inlet 3085, the tail gas preposition electrode 3083 arranged in the tail gas runner 3086 conducts electrons to partial pollutants, partial pollutants are charged, when the pollutants enter the electric field runner 3087 from the tail gas runner 3086, the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 3082 exerts attraction force on the charged pollutants, the charged pollutants move towards the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 3082 until the partial pollutants are attached to the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 3082, meanwhile, a tail gas ionization dedusting electric field is formed between the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 3081 and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 3082 in the electric field runner 3087, the tail gas ionization dedusting electric field enables the other part of uncharged pollutants to be charged, so the other part of pollutants are also subjected to the attraction force exerted by the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 3082 after being charged and are finally attached to the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 3082, therefore, the tail gas electric field device is utilized to enable the pollutants to be charged more efficiently and more sufficiently, so that the anode 3082 of the tail gas dust removal electric field can collect more pollutants, and the tail gas electric field device provided by the invention can be used for ensuring the higher collection efficiency of the pollutants.
The cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas front electrode 3083 is the sum of the areas of the exhaust gas front electrode 3083 along the substantial portion of the cross-section. In addition, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the tail gas front electrode 3083 to the cross-sectional area of the tail gas runner 3086 can be 99% -10%, or 90-10%, or 80-20%, or 70-30%, or 60-40%, or 50%.
As shown in fig. 43, in the present embodiment, the tail gas front electrode 3083 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 3081 are both electrically connected to the cathode of the dc power supply, and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 3082 is electrically connected to the anode of the dc power supply. In this embodiment, the tail gas pre-electrode 3083 and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode 3081 both have negative potential, and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 3082 has positive potential.
As shown in fig. 43, the exhaust gas front electrode 3083 may be a mesh shape in this embodiment. Thus, when the gas flows through the tail gas runner 3086, the tail gas front electrode 3083 is in a net structure, so that the gas and pollutants can conveniently flow through the tail gas front electrode 3083, and the pollutants in the gas can be more fully contacted with the tail gas front electrode 3083, so that the tail gas front electrode 3083 can conduct electrons to more pollutants, and the electrification efficiency of the pollutants is higher.
As shown in fig. 43, in this embodiment, the anode 3082 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field is tubular, the cathode 3081 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field is rod-shaped, and the cathode 3081 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field is inserted into the anode 3082 of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field. In this embodiment, the anode 3082 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the cathode 3081 of the tail gas dedusting electric field are asymmetric structures. When the gas flows into the ionization electric field formed between the cathode 3081 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the anode 3082 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the pollutants are charged, and under the attraction force exerted by the anode 3082 of the tail gas dedusting electric field, the charged pollutants are collected on the inner wall of the anode 3082 of the tail gas dedusting electric field.
As shown in fig. 43, in the present embodiment, both the anode 3082 and the cathode 3081 extend in the front-rear direction, and the front end of the anode 3082 is located in front of the front end of the cathode 3081. As shown in fig. 43, the rear end of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field anode 3082 is located behind the rear end of the exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode 3081 in the front-rear direction. In this embodiment, the anode 3082 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is longer in length in the front-rear direction, so that the area of the adsorption surface on the inner wall of the anode 3082 of the tail gas dedusting electric field is larger, the attraction force on the pollutants with negative potential is larger, and more pollutants can be collected.
As shown in fig. 43, in the present embodiment, the cathode 3081 of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the anode 3082 of the tail gas dust removal electric field form a plurality of ionization units, so as to collect more pollutants by using the plurality of ionization units, and make the tail gas electric field apparatus have stronger pollutant collecting capability and higher collecting efficiency.
In this embodiment, the contaminants include common dust with low conductivity, and metal dust, mist, aerosol with high conductivity. The tail gas electric field device in this embodiment to the general dust that electric conductivity is less strong in the gas, and the collection process of the pollutant that electric conductivity is stronger does: when gas flows into the tail gas flow channel 3086 through the tail gas electric field device inlet 3085, pollutants such as metal dust, fog drops or aerosol with strong conductivity in the gas are directly negatively charged when contacting the tail gas front electrode 3083 or when the distance between the pollutants and the tail gas front electrode 3083 reaches a certain range, then all the pollutants enter the electric field flow channel 3087 along with the gas flow, the tail gas dust removal electric field anode 3082 exerts attraction force on the negatively charged metal dust, fog drops or aerosol and the like and collects the partial pollutants, meanwhile, the tail gas dust removal electric field anode 3082 and the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 3081 form an ionization electric field, the ionization electric field obtains oxygen ions through oxygen in ionized gas, and the negatively charged oxygen ions are combined with common dust to make the common dust negatively charged, the tail gas dust removal electric field anode 3082 exerts attraction force on the partially negatively charged dust, and collect this part pollutant to collect the pollutant that electric conductivity is stronger and electric conductivity is weaker in the gas, and make the kind of the material that this tail gas electric field device can collect more extensive, and the collection ability is stronger.
The exhaust gas dedusting electric field cathode 3081 in this embodiment is also referred to as a corona charging electrode. The direct current power supply is specifically a direct current high voltage power supply. A direct current high voltage is introduced between the tail gas front electrode 3083 and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 3082 to form a conductive loop; and a direct-current high voltage is introduced between the cathode 3081 of the tail gas dedusting electric field and the anode 3082 of the tail gas dedusting electric field to form an ionization discharge corona electric field. The exhaust gas pre-electrode 3083 in this embodiment is a densely distributed conductor. When dust which is easy to be charged passes through the tail gas preposed electrode 3083, the tail gas preposed electrode 3083 directly gives electrons to the dust, the dust is charged, and then the dust is adsorbed by the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 3082 with different poles; meanwhile, uncharged dust passes through an ionization region formed by the tail gas dust removal electric field cathode 3081 and the tail gas dust removal electric field anode 3082, ionized oxygen formed in the ionization region charges electrons to the dust, and thus the dust is charged continuously and is adsorbed by the tail gas dust removal electric field anode 3082 with different poles.
The tail gas electric field device in the embodiment can form two or more electrifying modes. For example, under the condition that oxygen in the gas is sufficient, the pollutants can be charged by utilizing an ionization discharge corona electric field formed between the cathode 3081 of the tail gas dust removal electric field and the anode 3082 of the tail gas dust removal electric field to ionize oxygen, and then the pollutants are collected by utilizing the anode 3082 of the tail gas dust removal electric field; when the oxygen content in the gas is too low or in an oxygen-free state or the pollutants are conductive dust fog and the like, the pollutants are directly electrified by using the tail gas front electrode 3083, and are adsorbed by the tail gas dedusting electric field anode 3082 after being fully electrified. The tail gas electric field device can be used in tail gas environments with various oxygen contents while the electric field can collect various dusts, so that the dust application range of dust treatment of the dust collecting electric field is expanded, and the dust collecting efficiency is improved. In the embodiment, the electric fields of the two charging modes are adopted, so that high-resistance dust which is easy to charge and low-resistance metal dust, aerosol, liquid mist and the like which are easy to electrify can be collected at the same time. The two electrifying modes are used simultaneously, and the application range of the electric field is expanded.
Example 46
The engine exhaust gas dedusting system in this embodiment includes an exhaust gas temperature reduction device for reducing the exhaust gas temperature before the exhaust gas electric field device inlet. The exhaust gas cooling device in the embodiment can be communicated with the inlet of the exhaust gas electric field device.
As shown in fig. 44, the present embodiment provides an exhaust gas temperature reducing device, including:
the heat exchange unit 3071 is configured to exchange heat with exhaust gas of the engine to heat the liquid heat exchange medium in the heat exchange unit 3071 into a gaseous heat exchange medium.
The heat exchange unit 3071 in this embodiment may include:
the tail gas passing cavity is communicated with an exhaust pipeline of the engine and is used for the tail gas of the engine to pass through;
the medium gasification cavity is used for converting the liquid heat exchange medium and the tail gas into the gaseous heat exchange medium after heat exchange.
The medium gasification chamber in this embodiment has liquid heat transfer medium, and liquid heat transfer medium can change gaseous heat transfer medium into with tail gas after the tail gas in the tail gas through the chamber takes place the heat exchange. The tail gas passes through the chamber and realizes the collection to automobile exhaust. In this embodiment, the length directions of the medium gasification cavity and the tail gas passing cavity may be the same, that is, the axis of the medium gasification cavity coincides with the axis of the tail gas passing cavity. The medium gasification chamber in this embodiment may be located within the tail gas passing chamber or outside the tail gas passing chamber. Thus, when the automobile exhaust flows through the exhaust passing cavity, the heat carried by the automobile exhaust is transferred to the liquid in the medium gasification cavity, the liquid is heated to a boiling point, the liquid is gasified into gaseous media such as high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and the steam flows in the medium gasification cavity. In this embodiment, the medium gasification chamber may be fully covered or partially covered on the inner and outer sides of the tail gas passing chamber except for the front end thereof.
The exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment further includes a power generation unit 3072, and the power generation unit 3072 is configured to convert heat energy of the heat exchange medium and/or heat energy of the exhaust gas into mechanical energy.
The exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment further includes a power generation unit 3073, and the power generation unit 3073 is configured to convert mechanical energy generated by the power generation unit 3072 into electric energy.
The operating principle of the tail gas cooling device in this embodiment is as follows: the heat exchange unit 3071 exchanges heat with the exhaust gas of the engine to heat the liquid heat exchange medium in the heat exchange unit 3071 into a gaseous heat exchange medium; the power generation unit 3072 converts the heat energy of the heat exchange medium or the heat energy of the tail gas into mechanical energy; the power generation unit 3073 converts the mechanical energy generated by the power generation unit 3072 into electric energy, so that power generation is realized by using tail gas of the engine, and heat and pressure carried by the tail gas are prevented from being wasted; and the heat exchange unit 3071 can also perform the functions of heat dissipation and temperature reduction on the tail gas when performing heat exchange with the tail gas, so that other tail gas purification devices and the like can be adopted to treat the tail gas, and the subsequent efficiency of treating the tail gas is improved.
In this embodiment, the heat exchange medium may be water, methanol, ethanol, oil, or alkane. The heat exchange medium is a substance capable of changing phase due to temperature, and the volume and the pressure of the heat exchange medium are correspondingly changed in the phase change process.
The heat exchange unit 3071 in this embodiment is also referred to as a heat exchanger. In this embodiment, the heat exchange unit 3071 can be a tubular heat exchange device. Design considerations for heat exchange unit 3071 include pressure bearing, reduced volume, increased heat exchange area, and the like.
As shown in fig. 44, the exhaust gas temperature reduction device in this embodiment may further include a medium transmission unit 3074 connected between the heat exchange unit 3071 and the power generation unit 3072. The gaseous medium such as vapor formed in the medium vaporizing chamber acts on the power generation unit 3072 through the medium transfer unit 3074. The medium transfer unit 3074 includes a pressure-containing pipe.
The power generation unit 3072 in this embodiment includes a turbofan. The turbofan can convert pressure generated by gaseous media such as steam or tail gas into kinetic energy. And the turbofan comprises a turbofan shaft and at least one group of turbofan components fixed on the turbofan shaft. The turbofan assembly comprises a flow guiding fan and a power fan. When the pressure of the vapor acts on the turbofan assembly, the turbofan shaft will rotate with the turbofan assembly, thereby converting the pressure of the vapor into kinetic energy. When the power generation unit 3072 includes a turbofan, the pressure of the engine exhaust gas may also act on the turbofan to rotate the turbofan. Thus, the pressure of the steam and the pressure generated by the tail gas can be alternatively and seamlessly switched to act on the turbofan. When the turbofan rotates in the first direction, the power generation unit 3073 converts kinetic energy into electric energy to realize waste heat power generation; when the generated electric energy drives the turbofan to rotate in turn, and the turbofan rotates in the second direction, the power generation unit 3073 converts the electric energy into exhaust resistance to provide exhaust resistance for the engine, and when the exhaust brake device mounted on the engine works to generate high-temperature and high-pressure tail gas for braking the engine, the turbofan converts the braking energy into electric energy to realize exhaust braking and braking power generation of the engine. The constant exhaust negative pressure can be generated by air suction of the high-speed turbofan, the exhaust resistance of the engine is reduced, and engine power assisting is realized. And when the power generation unit 3072 includes a turbofan, the power generation unit 3072 further includes a turbofan adjusting module, which pushes the turbofan to generate rotational inertia by using a peak value of exhaust pressure of the engine, further delays to generate negative pressure of exhaust gas, pushes the engine to suck air, reduces exhaust resistance of the engine, and increases power of the engine.
The tail gas cooling device in the embodiment can be applied to a fuel engine, such as a diesel engine or a gasoline engine. The tail gas cooling device in the embodiment can also be applied to a gas engine. Specifically, the tail gas cooling device is used for a diesel engine of a vehicle, namely the tail gas is communicated with an exhaust port of the diesel engine through a cavity.
The power generation unit 3073 includes a generator stator and a generator rotor, which is connected with the turbofan shaft of the power generation unit 3072. Thus, the generator rotor rotates along with the rotation of the turbofan shaft, and therefore the generator rotor and the generator stator jointly act to generate electricity. The power generation unit 3073 in this embodiment may employ a variable load generator, or convert torque into electric energy using a dc generator. Meanwhile, the power generation unit 3073 can adjust the generated energy to match the change of the heat of the tail gas by adjusting the current of the exciting winding; so as to adapt to the temperature changes of tail gas of the vehicle such as uphill slope, downhill slope, heavy load, light load and the like. The power generation unit 3073 in this embodiment may further include a battery assembly to store electric energy by using the battery assembly, i.e. to temporarily buffer generated electricity. The electricity stored in the battery pack in the embodiment can be used for a heat exchanger power fan, a water pump, a refrigeration compressor and other electrical appliances in a vehicle.
As shown in fig. 44, the exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment may further include a coupling unit 3075, the coupling unit 3075 is electrically connected between the power generation unit 3072 and the power generation unit 3073, and the power generation unit 3073 is coaxially coupled with the power generation unit 3072 through the coupling unit 3075. The coupling unit 3075 in this embodiment includes an electromagnetic coupler.
The power generation unit 3073 in this embodiment may further include a generator regulating component, and the generator regulating component is configured to regulate an electric torque of the generator, generate an exhaust negative pressure to change a magnitude of a forced braking force of the engine, and generate an exhaust back pressure to improve a waste heat conversion efficiency. Specifically, the generator regulating and controlling assembly can change the output of power generation work by regulating power generation excitation or power generation current, so that the exhaust emission resistance of an automobile is regulated, the balance of work application, exhaust back pressure and exhaust negative pressure of an engine is realized, and the efficiency of the generator is improved.
The exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment may further include a heat-insulating pipeline connected between the exhaust pipeline of the engine and the heat exchange unit 3071. Specifically, two ends of the heat-insulating pipeline are respectively communicated with an exhaust port of the engine system and the tail gas passing cavity, so that the high temperature of the tail gas is maintained by using the heat-insulating pipeline, and the tail gas is introduced into the tail gas passing cavity.
The tail gas heat sink in this embodiment can also include the fan, and this fan lets in the tail gas with the air to before tail gas electric field device entry, play the effect of cooling to tail gas. The air may be introduced at 50% to 300%, or 100% to 180%, or 120% to 150% of the tail gas.
The tail gas cooling device in the embodiment can assist the engine system to realize the recycling of the exhaust waste heat of the engine, is beneficial to reducing the emission of greenhouse gases of the engine, is also beneficial to reducing the emission of harmful gases of the fuel engine, reduces the emission of pollutants, and ensures that the emission of the fuel engine is more environment-friendly.
The inlet air of the tail gas cooling device can be used for purifying air, and the particle content of the tail gas treated by the engine tail gas dedusting system is less than that of the air.
Example 47
As shown in fig. 45, in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 46, a heat exchange unit 3071 of this embodiment may further include a medium circulation loop 3076; two ends of the medium circulation loop 3076 are respectively communicated with the front end and the rear end of the medium gasification cavity, and a closed gas-liquid circulation loop is formed; a condenser 30761 is installed in the medium circulation circuit 3076, and the condenser 30761 is used to condense the gaseous heat exchange medium into a liquid heat exchange medium. The medium circulation circuit 3076 communicates with the medium vaporizing chamber through the power generation unit 3072. In this embodiment, one end of the medium circulation loop 3076 is configured to collect gaseous heat exchange media such as steam and condense the steam into liquid heat exchange media, that is, liquid, and the other end is configured to inject the liquid heat exchange media into the medium vaporization chamber to regenerate steam, thereby realizing recycling of the heat exchange media. The medium circuit 3076 in this embodiment includes a vapor circuit 30762, with the vapor circuit 30762 communicating with the aft end of the medium gasification chamber. In addition, in the present embodiment, the condenser 30761 is also communicated with the power generation unit 3072 through the medium transfer unit 3074. In this embodiment, the gas-liquid circulation loop is not communicated with the tail gas passing cavity.
In this embodiment, the condenser 30761 may adopt a heat dissipation apparatus such as an air-cooled radiator, and specifically may adopt a pressure-bearing fin air-cooled radiator. When the vehicle is running, the condenser 30761 forcibly dissipates heat by natural wind, and when no natural wind exists, the condenser 30761 may be dissipated heat by an electric fan. Specifically, the gaseous medium such as vapor formed in the medium vaporizing chamber is decompressed after acting on the power generation unit 3072, and flows into the medium circulation circuit 3076 and the air-cooled radiator, and the temperature of the vapor is reduced with the heat radiation of the radiator, and continues to be condensed into liquid.
As shown in fig. 45, one end of the medium circulation loop 3076 in this embodiment may be provided with a pressurizing module 30763, and the pressurizing module 30763 is used for pressurizing the condensed heat exchange medium to push the condensed heat exchange medium to flow into the medium gasifying chamber. In this embodiment, the pressurizing module 30763 includes a circulating water pump or a high pressure pump, and the liquid heat exchange medium is pressurized by the impeller of the circulating water pump, and is extruded through the water supply pipe and enters the medium vaporizing cavity to be continuously heated and vaporized in the medium vaporizing cavity. In addition, the turbofan can replace a circulating water pump or a high-pressure pump when rotating, and at the moment, liquid is extruded into the medium gasification cavity through the water replenishing pipeline under the pushing of the residual pressure of the turbofan and is continuously heated and vaporized.
As shown in fig. 45, the medium circulation circuit 3076 of the present embodiment may further include a liquid storage module 30764 disposed between the condenser 30761 and the pressure boosting module 30763, wherein the liquid storage module 30764 is used for storing the liquid heat exchange medium condensed by the condenser 30761. The pressurizing module 30763 is located on a delivery pipeline between the liquid storage module 30764 and the medium vaporizing cavity, and the liquid in the liquid storage module 30764 is pressurized by the pressurizing module 30763 and then injected into the medium vaporizing cavity. In this embodiment, the medium circulation circuit 3076 further includes a liquid regulating module 30765, and the liquid regulating module 30765 is disposed between the liquid storage module 30764 and the medium evaporation cavity, specifically, disposed on another delivery pipe between the liquid storage module 30764 and the medium evaporation cavity. The liquid regulation module 30765 is used to regulate the amount of liquid that is returned to the media vaporization chamber. When the temperature of the automobile exhaust is continuously higher than the boiling point temperature of the liquid heat exchange medium, the liquid regulating module 30765 injects the liquid in the liquid storage module 30764 into the medium gasification cavity. The medium circulation circuit 3076 of the present embodiment further includes a filling module 30766 disposed between the liquid storage module 30764 and the medium vaporizing chamber, and the filling module 30766 is specifically communicated with the pressure increasing module 30763 and the liquid regulating module 30765. The injection mold 30766 may include a nozzle 307661 in this embodiment. A nozzle 307661 is located at one end of the media circulation loop 3076 and a nozzle 307661 is provided in the front end of the media vaporization chamber to inject liquid into the media vaporization chamber through the nozzle 307661. The pressurizing module 30763 pressurizes the liquid in the liquid storage module 30764, and then injects the pressurized liquid into the medium gasifying chamber through the nozzle 307661 of the filling module 30766. The liquid in the liquid storage module 30764 can also be injected into the filling module 30766 through the liquid adjusting module 30765 and injected into the medium evaporating cavity through the nozzle 307661 of the filling module 30766. The above-mentioned delivery line is also referred to as a heat medium pipe.
The tail gas cooling device in the embodiment is particularly applied to a 13-liter diesel engine, the tail gas is communicated with an exhaust port of the diesel engine through a cavity, the temperature of the tail gas discharged by the engine is 650 ℃, the flow rate is about 4000 cubic meters per hour, and the heat quantity of the tail gas is about 80 kilowatts. In this embodiment, water is specifically used as the heat exchange medium in the medium gasification chamber, and the turbofan is used as the power generation unit 3072. The tail gas cooling device can recover 15 kilowatt electric energy and can be used for driving a vehicle-mounted electric appliance; meanwhile, the direct efficiency recycling of the circulating water pump is added, so that the tail gas heat energy of 40 kilowatts can be recycled. Tail gas heat sink in this embodiment both can improve fuel economy, can also reduce the tail gas temperature below the dew point to be favorable to the wet electric dust removal that needs the low temperature environment going on.
In conclusion, the tail gas cooling device can be applied to the fields of energy conservation and emission reduction of diesel engines, gasoline engines and gas engines, and is an innovative technology for improving the efficiency of the engines, saving fuel and improving the economical efficiency of the engines. The tail gas cooling device can help the automobile save fuel and improve the fuel economy; the waste heat of the engine can be recycled, and the efficient utilization of energy is realized.
Example 48
As shown in fig. 46 and 47, in the present embodiment, a turbofan is specifically used as the power generation unit 3072 in addition to the embodiment 47. Meanwhile, the turbofan of the present embodiment includes a turbofan shaft 30721 and a medium cavity turbofan assembly 30722, the medium cavity turbofan assembly 30722 is installed on the turbofan shaft 30721, and the medium cavity turbofan assembly 30722 is located in the medium gasification cavity 30711, and particularly may be located at a rear end of the medium gasification cavity 30711.
The media cavity turbofan assembly 30722 of this embodiment includes a media cavity guide fan 307221 and a media cavity power fan 307222.
In this embodiment, the turbofan includes an exhaust cavity turbofan assembly 30723 mounted on the turbofan shaft 30721, and the exhaust cavity turbofan assembly 30723 is located in the exhaust gas passing cavity 30712.
The exhaust air cavity turbofan assembly 30723 in this embodiment includes an exhaust air cavity guide fan 307231 and an exhaust air cavity power fan 307232.
In this embodiment, the tail gas passing cavity 30712 is located in the medium vaporizing cavity 30711, i.e. the medium vaporizing cavity 30711 is sleeved outside the tail gas passing cavity 30712. In this embodiment, the medium vaporizing chamber 30711 may be fully covered or partially covered outside the tail gas passing chamber 30712 except for the front end thereof. The gaseous medium such as vapor formed in the medium vaporizing chamber 30711 flows through the medium chamber scroll fan assembly 30722, and pushes the medium chamber scroll fan assembly 30722 and the scroll shaft 30721 to operate by the action of the vapor pressure. The medium cavity flow guiding fan 307221 is specifically arranged at the rear end of the medium gasification cavity 30711, when gaseous media such as steam flow through the medium cavity flow guiding fan 307221, the medium cavity flow guiding fan 307221 is pushed to operate, and under the action of the medium cavity flow guiding fan 307221, steam flows to the medium cavity power fan 307222 according to a set path; the medium cavity power fan 307222 is disposed at the rear end of the medium vaporizing cavity 30711, specifically behind the medium cavity guide fan 307221, and the steam flowing through the medium cavity guide fan 307221 flows to the medium cavity power fan 307222 and pushes the medium cavity power fan 307222 and the turbofan shaft 30721 to operate. The media cavity power fan 307222 in this embodiment is also referred to as a first stage power fan. The exhaust cavity scroll assembly 30723 is disposed behind or in front of the media cavity scroll assembly 30722, and operates coaxially with the media cavity scroll assembly 30722. The tail gas cavity diversion fan 307231 is arranged in the tail gas passing cavity 30712, when tail gas passes through the tail gas passing cavity 30712, the tail gas cavity diversion fan 307231 is pushed to operate, and under the action of the tail gas cavity diversion fan 307231, tail gas flows to the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 according to a set path. The tail gas cavity power fan 307232 is arranged in the tail gas passing cavity 30712, specifically located behind the tail gas cavity diversion fan 307231, tail gas flowing through the tail gas cavity diversion fan 307231 flows to the tail gas cavity power fan 307232, the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 and the turbofan shaft 30721 are pushed to operate under the action of tail gas pressure, and finally the tail gas is exhausted through the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 and the tail gas passing cavity 30712. The tail air cavity power fan 307232 is also referred to as a secondary power fan in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 46, the power generation unit 3073 in the present embodiment includes a generator stator 30731 and a generator rotor 30732. In the present embodiment, the power generation unit 3073 is also disposed outside the exhaust gas passing chamber 30712 and is coaxially connected to the turbofan, i.e., the generator rotor 30732 is connected to the turbofan shaft 30721, such that the generator rotor 30732 rotates with the rotation of the turbofan shaft 30721.
The power generation unit 3072 in this embodiment just adopts the turbofan for steam and tail gas can the fast movement, has saved volume and weight, satisfies the demand of automobile exhaust energy conversion. When the turbofan rotates in the first direction in the present embodiment, the power generation unit 3073 converts the kinetic energy of the turbofan shaft 30721 into electric energy, thereby implementing waste heat power generation; when the turbofan rotates in the second direction, the power generation unit 3073 converts electric energy into exhaust resistance to provide the exhaust resistance for the engine, and when the exhaust brake device mounted on the engine works to generate high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas for braking the engine, the turbofan converts the braking energy into electric energy to realize exhaust braking and braking power generation of the engine. Specifically, the kinetic energy generated by the turbofan can be used for generating electricity, so that the electricity generation by the waste heat of the automobile is realized; the generated electric energy drives the turbofan to rotate in turn, and exhaust negative pressure is provided for the engine, so that exhaust braking and braking power generation of the engine are realized, and the efficiency of the engine is greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 46 and 47, in the present embodiment, the exhaust gas passing cavity 30712 is entirely disposed in the medium gasification cavity 30711, thereby achieving the automobile exhaust gas collection. The media vaporization chamber 30711 coincides with the transverse axial direction of the exhaust gas passing chamber 30712 in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, the power generation unit 3072 further includes a turbofan rotating negative pressure adjustment module, which utilizes the peak value of the exhaust pressure of the engine to push the turbofan to generate rotational inertia, further delay the generation of the negative pressure of the exhaust gas, push the engine to suck air, reduce the exhaust resistance of the engine, and increase the power of the engine.
As shown in fig. 46, the power generation unit 3073 in this embodiment includes a battery assembly 30733, so as to use the battery assembly 30733 to store electric energy, i.e. to temporarily buffer the generated electricity. The electricity stored in the battery pack 30733 in this embodiment can be used by a heat exchanger power fan, a water pump, a refrigeration compressor, and other electrical appliances in a vehicle.
Tail gas heat sink can utilize automobile exhaust's waste heat to generate electricity in this embodiment, has taken into account the requirement of volume and weight simultaneously, and heat energy conversion efficiency is high, but heat transfer medium cyclic utilization has greatly promoted energy utilization, green, and the practicality is strong.
In an initial state, tail gas discharged by the engine pushes the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 to rotate, so that direct energy conversion of tail gas pressure is realized; the instantaneous negative pressure of exhaust gas exhaust is realized by the rotational inertia of the power fan 307232 of the exhaust gas cavity and the shaft 30721 of the turbofan; the generator regulating and controlling assembly 3078 can change the output of the generated power by regulating the generated excitation or the generated current, thereby regulating the exhaust emission resistance of the automobile and adapting to the working condition of the engine.
When the automobile exhaust waste heat is used for power generation, and the temperature of the automobile exhaust is continuously higher than 200 ℃, water is injected into the medium gasification cavity 30711, absorbs the heat of the exhaust to form high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and simultaneously generates steam power to continuously accelerate the medium cavity power fan 307222, so that the medium cavity power fan 307222 and the exhaust cavity power fan 307232 rotate faster and have larger torque. Balancing the work of the engine and the balance of exhaust back pressure by adjusting the starting current or the exciting current; the exhaust temperature is constant by adjusting the amount of water injected into the medium vaporizing chamber 30711 to accommodate the exhaust temperature variation.
When the automobile is braked and generates electricity, the engine presses air to pass through the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 and pushes the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 to rotate, so that the pressure is converted into the rotating power of the generator, and the resistance is changed by adjusting the generated current or the exciting current, thereby realizing the braking of the engine and the slow release of the braking force.
When the automobile is electrically braked, the engine presses air to pass through the tail gas cavity power fan 307232, the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 is pushed to rotate in the forward direction, the motor is started, reverse rotation torque is output and is transmitted to the medium cavity power fan 307222 and the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 through the turbofan shaft 30721, strong reverse thrust resistance is formed, energy consumption is converted into cavity heat, meanwhile, the braking force of the engine is increased, and the automobile is forcedly braked.
Media transfer unit 3074 includes a thrust reversal duct. When the steam brake is performed, the heat accumulated by the continuous air compression brake passes through the steam to generate larger thrust, and the steam is output to the medium cavity power fan 307222 through the reverse thrust bypass to force the medium cavity power fan 307222 and the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 to reversely rotate, so that the braking and the starting are performed simultaneously.
Example 49
As shown in fig. 48, in this embodiment, based on the embodiment 48, the medium vaporizing chamber 30711 is located in the exhaust gas passing chamber 30712; and medium cavity turbofan assembly 30722 is located in medium gasification cavity 30711, and specifically located at the rear end of medium gasification cavity 30711; an exhaust cavity scroll assembly 30723 is located in the exhaust gas passing cavity 30712, and in particular at the rear end of the exhaust gas passing cavity 30712. Both the media cavity scroll assembly 30722 and the exhaust cavity scroll assembly 30723 are mounted on the scroll shaft 30721. In this embodiment, the tail air cavity turbofan assembly 30723 is located behind the media cavity turbofan assembly 30722. Thus, the automobile exhaust flowing through the exhaust passing cavity 30712 directly acts on the exhaust cavity turbofan component 30723 to drive the exhaust cavity turbofan component 30723 and the turbofan shaft 30721 to rotate; meanwhile, when the automobile exhaust flows through the exhaust passing cavity 30712, heat exchange is carried out between the automobile exhaust and the liquid in the medium gasification cavity 30711, the liquid in the medium gasification cavity 30711 forms steam, and the pressure of the steam acts on the medium cavity turbofan component 30722 to drive the medium cavity turbofan component 30722 and the turbofan shaft 30721 to rotate, so that the rotation of the turbofan shaft 30721 is further accelerated; when the scroll shaft 30721 rotates, the generator rotor 30732 connected with the scroll shaft is driven to rotate together, and then the power generation unit 3073 is used for generating power. In addition, the vapor in the medium vaporizing chamber 30711 flows backward through the medium chamber scroll fan assembly 30722, flows into the medium circulation circuit 3076, is condensed into liquid by the condenser 30761 in the medium circulation circuit 3076, and is then re-injected into the medium vaporizing chamber 30711, so that the heat exchange medium is recycled. The exhaust gas is discharged to the atmosphere after flowing through the exhaust chamber turbofan assembly 30723 through the automobile exhaust in the chamber 30712.
In addition, in this embodiment, the sidewall of the medium vaporizing chamber 30711 is provided with the bending section 307111, and the bending section 307111 can effectively increase the contact area between the medium vaporizing chamber 30711 and the tail gas passing chamber 30712, i.e., the heat exchange area. The cross-section of bend 307111 is serrated in this embodiment.
Example 50
In order to improve the thermal efficiency of the engine, the heat energy of the tail gas of the engine and the back pressure need to be recovered and converted to achieve high efficiency, particularly for hybrid vehicles, the fuel oil directly drives a generator, and the tail heat is efficiently converted into electric energy, so that the thermal efficiency of the fuel oil can be improved by 15-20%. For a hybrid vehicle, more electricity can be charged for the battery assembly while fuel is saved, and the efficiency of converting fuel into electric energy can reach more than 70%.
Specifically, the exhaust gas cooling device in embodiment 48 or embodiment 49 is installed at the exhaust port of the fuel engine of the hybrid vehicle, the fuel engine is started, the engine exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas passing cavity 30712, and the direction is adjusted by the exhaust gas cavity guide fan 307231 under the action of the exhaust gas back pressure, so that the exhaust gas cavity power fan 307232 is directly pushed to rotate, and the rotating torque is generated on the turbofan shaft 30721. Because the rotary inertia medium cavity power fan 307222 and the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 generate air exhaust when continuously rotating, the exhaust is in instantaneous negative pressure, thus the exhaust resistance of the engine is extremely low, and the engine is favorable for continuously exhausting and doing work. Under the same conditions of fuel supply and output load, the rotating speed of the engine is increased by about 3% -5%.
The exhaust temperature of the engine is accumulated in the medium gasification cavity 30711 due to the heat conduction of the fins, when the accumulated temperature is higher than the boiling point temperature of water, water is injected into the medium gasification cavity 30711, the water is instantly vaporized, the volume is rapidly expanded, and the medium cavity power fan 307222 and the turbofan shaft 30721 are pushed to further accelerate to rotate through the guidance of the medium cavity guide fan, so that larger rotational inertia and torque are generated. The engine speed is continuously increased, fuel is not increased, load is not lightened, and the obtained additional speed is increased by 10% -15%. When the rotating speed is increased due to the recovery back pressure and the temperature, the power output of the engine is increased, and the power output is increased by about 13-20% according to the exhaust temperature difference, so that the method is very helpful for improving the fuel economy and reducing the volume of the engine.
Example 51
In this embodiment, the exhaust gas temperature reducing device in embodiment 48 or embodiment 49 is applied to a 13-liter diesel engine, the temperature of the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is 650 ℃, the flow rate is about 4000 cubic meters per hour, and the heat of the exhaust gas is about 80 kilowatts. Simultaneously, this embodiment uses water as heat transfer medium, and 20 kilowatt electric energy can be retrieved to this tail gas heat sink, can be used for driving on-vehicle electrical apparatus. Therefore, the tail gas cooling device in the embodiment can improve the fuel economy, can reduce the temperature of the tail gas below a dew point, and is beneficial to implementation of electrostatic dust collection and wet electric dust collection in a low-temperature environment; meanwhile, continuous and efficient torque-changing braking and forced continuous braking of the engine are realized.
Specifically, the exhaust gas cooling device of this embodiment is directly connected to the exhaust port of a 13 liter diesel engine, and through the export at this exhaust gas cooling device, namely above-mentioned exhaust gas passes through the exit linkage exhaust gas electric field device and the wet electric dust removal of exhaust gas of chamber 30712, just can realize tail thermal power generation, exhaust gas cooling, engine braking, dust removal, denitration etc.. In this embodiment, the tail gas cooling device is installed in front of the tail gas electric field device.
In the embodiment, a medium cavity power fan 307222 and a tail gas cavity power fan 307232 which are 3 inches are used, a 10kw high-speed direct-current generating motor is used, a 48v300ah power battery pack is adopted as a battery pack, and a generating electric manual switch is used. In an initial state, the engine runs at idle speed, the rotating speed is less than 750 revolutions, the output power of the engine is about 10 percent, the exhaust gas of the engine is used for pushing the power fan 307232 of the tail gas cavity to rotate, the rotating speed is about 2000 revolutions, and the direct transduction of the pressure of the tail gas is realized; the rotational inertia of the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 and the turbofan shaft 30721 enables the tail gas to exhaust instantaneous negative pressure; because the power fan 307232 of the tail gas cavity rotates, instantaneous negative pressure of about-80 kp is generated in the exhaust pipeline, and the power output is changed by adjusting the generated current, so that the tail gas discharge resistance is adjusted, the working condition of the engine is adapted, and the generated power is 0.1-1.2 kw.
When the load is 30%, the rotating speed of the engine is increased to 1300 revolutions, the temperature of tail gas is continuously higher than 300 ℃, water is injected into the medium gasification cavity 30711, the temperature of the tail gas is reduced to 200 ℃, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure steam is generated, the temperature of the tail gas is absorbed and simultaneously steam power is generated, the steam pressure sprayed on the medium cavity power fan continuously accelerates to push the medium cavity power fan to rotate due to the limitation of the medium cavity diversion fan and the nozzle, the medium cavity power fan and the turbofan shaft rotate faster, the torque is larger, the generator is driven to rotate at high speed and high torque, the power generation amount is 1kw-3kw by adjusting the balance of the starting current or the exciting current to start work and balance the exhaust back pressure, the exhaust temperature is adapted to the change of the exhaust temperature by adjusting the injected water amount, and the aim of keeping the exhaust temperature constant at 150 ℃ is achieved. Low-temperature exhaust is favorable for recovering particles by a subsequent tail gas electric field device, and the purpose of environmental protection is achieved.
When the engine stops supplying oil, the turbofan shaft 30721 drags the engine to compress air, the compressed air of the engine reaches the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 through the exhaust pipeline to push the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 to convert the pressure into the rotating power of the turbofan shaft 30721, the generator is simultaneously arranged on the turbofan shaft 30721, the exhaust volume passing through the turbofan is changed by adjusting the generated current, so that the exhaust resistance is changed, the braking and the braking force slow release of the engine are realized, the braking force of about 3-10kw can be obtained, and the generating capacity of 1-5kw can be recovered.
When the generator switches to the electric braking mode, the generator instantaneously becomes a motor, which is equivalent to the driver quickly depressing the brake pedal. At this time, the engine compressed air passes through the exhaust cavity power fan 307232, and pushes the exhaust cavity power fan 307232 to rotate in the positive direction. The motor is started to output reverse rotation torque, and the reverse rotation torque is transmitted to the medium cavity power fan 307222 and the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 through the turbofan shaft 30721 to form strong reverse thrust resistance, so that the braking effect is further improved. The large amount of compressed air does work to convert energy consumption into high-temperature gas, so that the heat of the cavity is accumulated, and the braking force of the engine is increased and forced braking is realized. The forced braking power is 15-30 kw. The brake can generate electricity intermittently, and the generated power is about 3-5 kw.
When the electric reverse-thrust brake is used and meanwhile intermittent power generation is carried out, emergency braking is suddenly needed, power generation can be stopped, steam generated by braking heat is used for braking, heat accumulated by continuous air-compression braking is transferred to water in the medium gasification cavity, the steam generated in the medium gasification cavity is output to the medium cavity power fan 307222 through the reverse-thrust bypass, the steam reversely pushes the medium cavity power fan 307222, the forced medium cavity power fan 307222 and the tail gas cavity power fan 307232 to reversely rotate, forced braking is achieved, and the braking power can be generated by more than 30 kw.
In conclusion, the tail gas cooling device can realize waste heat power generation based on the automobile tail gas, the heat energy conversion efficiency is high, and the heat exchange medium can be recycled; the energy-saving and emission-reducing device can be applied to the fields of energy conservation and emission reduction of diesel engines, gasoline engines, gas engines and the like, and the waste heat of the engines is recycled, so that the economy of the engines is improved; the constant exhaust negative pressure is generated by air suction of the high-speed turbofan, so that the exhaust resistance of the engine is reduced, and the efficiency of the engine is improved. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

  1. An engine tail gas dust removal system is characterized by comprising a tail gas electric field device and an oxygen supplementing device; the tail gas electric field device comprises a tail gas electric field device inlet, a tail gas electric field device outlet, a tail gas dedusting electric field cathode and a tail gas dedusting electric field anode, and the tail gas dedusting electric field cathode and the tail gas dedusting electric field anode are used for generating a tail gas ionization dedusting electric field; the oxygen supplementing device is used for adding gas containing oxygen before the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field.
  2. The engine exhaust gas dedusting system of claim 1, wherein the oxygenating device adds oxygen by simply increasing oxygen, introducing outside air, introducing compressed air, and/or introducing ozone.
  3. The engine exhaust gas dedusting system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the oxygen supplementation is determined at least based on exhaust gas particulate content.
  4. The engine exhaust gas dedusting system of any of claims 1-3, wherein the oxygenating device cools the exhaust gas before introducing air into the exhaust gas field device inlet.
  5. The engine exhaust gas dedusting system of claim 4, wherein the weight of the inlet air is 50% to 300% of the exhaust gas weight.
  6. The engine exhaust gas dedusting system of claim 4, wherein the weight of the inlet air is 100% to 180% of the exhaust gas weight.
  7. The engine exhaust gas dedusting system of claim 4, wherein the weight of the inlet air is 120% to 150% of the weight of the exhaust gas.
  8. The engine exhaust gas dedusting system of any of claims 1-7, further comprising an engine.
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