CN113363621A - Electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating - Google Patents

Electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113363621A
CN113363621A CN202110620245.4A CN202110620245A CN113363621A CN 113363621 A CN113363621 A CN 113363621A CN 202110620245 A CN202110620245 A CN 202110620245A CN 113363621 A CN113363621 A CN 113363621A
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China
Prior art keywords
square battery
eddy current
square
battery
temperature
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CN202110620245.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李羽白
刘轩羽
李洋
李玉龙
彭春阳
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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Priority to CN202110620245.4A priority Critical patent/CN113363621A/en
Publication of CN113363621A publication Critical patent/CN113363621A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615Heating or keeping warm
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625Vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobile application, and provides an electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating. High-frequency alternating current is introduced into eddy current coils arranged at the upper and lower positions of the square battery, eddy current is generated on a metal pole plate of the square battery by utilizing the electromagnetic induction effect, and the square battery is uniformly heated by utilizing the heat effect of the eddy current. The surface of the square battery is distributed with a temperature sensor, the temperature signal of the surface of the battery is transmitted to the singlechip, and the singlechip controls the inverter, thereby controlling the heating process. Compare and have following advantage in traditional electric automobile cold start system: the square battery is heated in an air-isolated mode by utilizing the electromagnetic induction effect, the uniformity of the temperature of the battery monomer is guaranteed, and the influence of heat conduction on other parts in the vehicle body is reduced. Compared with the traditional heating mode, the efficiency of the eddy current heating is as high as 95%. The eddy heating speed is high, and the response time is short. The system can directly utilize direct current power supply provided by a square battery and convert the direct current power supply into high-frequency alternating current power supply through an inverter.

Description

Electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobile application, and particularly relates to an electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating.
Background
With the rapid development of the field of electric automobiles, the technology of the electric automobiles is mature day by day at present, and the electric automobiles relying on traditional energy sources are gradually replaced, so that the electric automobiles need to normally run in more extreme application scenes, and when the electric automobiles are subjected to cold start at the environmental temperature of-20 ℃ to-30 ℃, the electrolyte viscosity is increased due to low temperature, the ionic activity is reduced, the internal resistance is increased, the endurance mileage of the electric automobiles is rapidly reduced, the batteries are easily over-discharged, and the irreversible damage of the power batteries is further caused. Therefore, the selection of a high-efficiency and reliable battery cold start system is crucial to the improvement of the reliability of the electric automobile under extreme conditions and the guarantee of the efficient operation of the electric automobile.
The heating mode that electric automobile cold start system mainly adopted at present does: electric heating, heat pump heating, alternating current charging and discharging preheating and other heating modes. For example, in the patent of "a low temperature resistant lithium battery pack for electric vehicle" (patent number: 202020421061.6), zhui group heats air by using an electric heating pipe when the temperature of the battery pack is low, the heated air preheats the battery pack, the influence of too high or too low working temperature of the battery pack on the battery pack is effectively avoided by designing the battery pack, and the working efficiency of the battery pack is improved.
For example, in the "integrated indirect heat pump vehicle heating management system for electric vehicle" patent (patent No. 201922014228.7) of dow et al, the temperature of the battery pack is raised to a temperature suitable for operation by heating the low-temperature battery pack with a heat pump for dehumidification and heating of the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle. Through utilizing passenger cabin heat pump to heat the group battery, the inside subassembly of electric automobile has been utilized to the efficient, has simplified the inside cold start system structure of electric automobile greatly, promotes the work efficiency of electric automobile group battery.
For example, in the patent of "a power battery charger using ac charging and discharging to preheat quickly" (patent No. 201410010053.1), weichi et al, the dc of a battery pack is converted into high-frequency alternating current by using an electric control system, and the battery is charged and discharged by using the alternating current, so that heat is generated from the inside of the battery, the uniformity of the temperature of the battery pack is improved, the structure of a cold start system is greatly simplified, and the efficiency of the battery pack is improved.
However, the conventional cold start system of the electric vehicle has some defects, the battery can be heated only by electric heating in a heat conduction mode, and the internal temperature of the battery is not uniform, so that the internal thermal stress of the battery is caused. The heat pump heats the battery pack through heating air, and a heat pump system is too large, so that the structure simplification and the weight reduction of the electric automobile are not facilitated. Alternating current charging and discharging preheats and utilizes alternating current to charge and discharge the battery, and such a heating mode needs complicated electric control equipment, and because monomer difference exists between batteries, the system design is more complicated, and the reliability is lower.
In view of the defects of the cold start systems of the electric automobiles, the invention provides the cold start system of the electric automobile based on eddy current heating. The temperature fields of all parts of the square battery monomer are uniform, the heating speed is high, the heating efficiency is high, and the system structure is simple and reliable.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating, which utilizes the electromagnetic induction principle to generate eddy current in a metal electrode of a square battery to generate a heat effect so as to uniformly heat the square battery. And the temperature sensor and the singlechip are used for controlling the alternating current in the eddy current coil, and controlling the heating speed of the square battery and the opening and closing of the eddy current heating system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a cold starting system of an electric automobile based on eddy current heating comprises an eddy current coil 1, a square battery 2, a square battery bracket 3, an inverter 4, a temperature sensor 5 and a single chip microcomputer 6;
the eddy current coil 1, the square battery 2, the square battery bracket 3 and the temperature sensor 5 are positioned in the box body;
the eddy current coil 1 is fixed through clamping grooves at the upper end and the lower end of the square battery bracket 3; the eddy current coils 1 are arranged in the clamping grooves of the square battery bracket 3 in an array mode, and the uniformity of the temperature field of the square battery stack is guaranteed.
The eddy current coils 1 are symmetrically arranged at the top and the bottom of the square batteries 2, so that the uniformity of magnetic flux passing through each square battery 2 is ensured, and the magnetic induction line passing through each square battery 2 is ensured to be in a straight line;
the square battery 2 is fixed in the square battery bracket 3, and each 6 batteries are a unit;
the square battery brackets 3 are mutually connected through slots;
the inverter 4 converts a direct-current power supply provided by the square battery pack into high-frequency alternating current to provide a power supply for the eddy coil;
the temperature sensor 5 monitors the temperature of the square battery 2 in real time so as to adjust the on-off time of the eddy current heating system and avoid the damage caused by overheating of the square battery 2;
the single chip microcomputer 6 is used for controlling the inverter 4, and adjusting alternating current inside the eddy current coil 1 according to signals transmitted by the temperature sensor 5 on the surface of the square battery 2, so that the temperature field among the square batteries 2 is uniformly distributed, the temperature of the square battery 2 is ensured to be uniformly increased, and the loss of the service life of the battery caused by overhigh local temperature rise is avoided.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the battery pack is heated by using the eddy current, so that the uniform distribution of the temperature field of the single square battery is ensured
2) The eddy current heating mode and the square battery are not in direct contact, the air-insulated heating mode is adopted, and no heat effect is generated on other parts in the automobile.
3) The efficiency of the eddy heating mode is as high as 95%, the energy consumption of the electric automobile is reduced, and the endurance mileage is increased.
4) The battery has high temperature rise speed, and is beneficial to low-temperature quick cold start of the electric automobile.
5) The cold start system power is provided by a prismatic battery pack.
6) The battery heating process is regulated and controlled in real time through a temperature sensor and a single chip microcomputer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle cold start system based on eddy current heating.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle cold start system based on eddy current heating.
Figure 3 is a schematic view of an eddy current coil.
Fig. 4a is a schematic view of a prismatic battery holder.
Fig. 4b is a top view of a prismatic battery holder.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a prismatic battery.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an inverter.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a single chip microcomputer.
In the figure: 1 eddy current coil, 2 square batteries, 3 square battery supports, 4 inverters, 5 temperature sensors and 6 singlechips.
Detailed Description
The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings and technical solutions.
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that such description is merely illustrative of the features and advantages of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
The invention discloses an electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating, which comprises: the device comprises an eddy current coil 1, a square battery 2, a square battery bracket 3, an inverter 4, a temperature sensor 5 and a singlechip 6;
the eddy current coil 1 is fixed through the clamping grooves at the upper end and the lower end of the square battery bracket 3, and maintenance is facilitated.
The eddy current coils 1 are arranged in the clamping grooves on the upper portion and the lower portion of the square battery support 3 in an array mode, and uniformity of a temperature field passing through the square battery stack is guaranteed.
The eddy current coils 1 are symmetrically arranged at the top and the bottom of the square battery 2, so that the uniformity of magnetic flux passing through each square battery is ensured, and the magnetic induction line passing through the square battery 2 is ensured to be in a straight line.
High-frequency alternating current is introduced into the eddy current coil 1, an electromagnetic induction principle is utilized, uniform eddy current is generated inside the square battery 2, and the square battery 2 is uniformly heated through the thermal effect of the eddy current in the metal polar plate.
The square battery 2 is fixed by a square battery bracket 3, and 6 batteries are one unit.
The square battery supports 3 are connected with each other through slots.
The inverter 4 converts a direct current power supply provided by the square battery pack into a high-frequency alternating current power supply to supply power to the eddy current coil. No additional ac power supply has to be provided.
The temperature sensor 5 monitors the temperature of the square battery 2 in real time to adjust the on-off time of the eddy current heating system, and damage caused by overheating of the square battery 2 is avoided.
The single chip microcomputer 6 is used for controlling the inverter 4, adjusting alternating current in the eddy current coil 1 according to signals transmitted by the temperature sensor on the surface of the square battery 2, enabling the temperature fields among the square batteries 2 to be distributed uniformly, and controlling the switch of the eddy current heating system according to the set battery starting temperature.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a cold start system of an electric vehicle based on eddy current heating is shown by taking a square battery as an example. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cold start system of an electric vehicle based on eddy current heating. As shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic view of an eddy current coil, the eddy current coil 1 is symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower end faces of the square battery holder 3 and is fixed by a buckle. In order to ensure that the square battery has uniform magnetic induction lines to penetrate through, the eddy current coils are distributed in a matrix form. Fig. 4a is a schematic view of a prismatic battery holder. As shown in fig. 4b, which is a top view of a square battery holder, it can be seen from the figure that the square battery holders 3 are connected by slots, 6 square batteries 2 can be installed in each square battery holder 3 to form a unit, and two sets of eddy current coils 1 can be symmetrically installed on each square battery holder 3.
As shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic diagram of an inverter, the inverter 4 converts a dc power provided by a prismatic battery of an electric vehicle into a high-frequency ac power to supply power to the eddy current coil 1. As shown in fig. 7, which is a schematic diagram of a single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer 6 monitors the temperature of the square battery 2 in real time by processing an electrical signal transmitted from the temperature sensor 5, and controls the inverter according to the temperature of the square battery 2, so as to change the alternating current in the eddy current coil 1, and ensure that the temperature of the square battery 2 is uniformly increased and the temperature field is uniformly distributed.
In conclusion, the invention discloses an electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating. According to the electromagnetic induction principle, high-frequency alternating current converted from a square battery direct-current power supply by an inverter is introduced into the eddy current coil, eddy current is generated on the surface of a metal electrode of the square battery, the square battery is heated by utilizing the heat effect of the eddy current, and the square battery heating device has the advantages of high efficiency, high heating speed, uniform battery pack temperature, simple structure, small influence on other parts in the automobile and the like.
The technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the specific examples, and it should be understood that the above description is only exemplary of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. The sizes and shapes of the various elements in the drawings are not to be considered as reflecting actual sizes and proportions, but are merely representative of the contents of the present example. Any modification, improvement or equivalent replacement made on the principle and spirit of the present disclosure is within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (1)

1. The electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating is characterized by comprising an eddy current coil (1), a square battery (2), a square battery bracket (3), an inverter (4), a temperature sensor (5) and a single chip microcomputer (6);
the eddy current coil (1), the square battery (2), the square battery bracket (3) and the temperature sensor (5) are positioned in the box body;
the eddy current coil (1) is fixed through clamping grooves at the upper end and the lower end of the square battery bracket (3); the eddy current coils (1) are arranged in the clamping grooves of the square battery bracket (3) in an array manner, so that the uniformity of the temperature field of the square battery stack is ensured;
the eddy current coils (1) are symmetrically arranged at the top and the bottom of the square batteries (2), so that the uniformity of magnetic flux passing through each square battery (2) is ensured, and the magnetic induction line passing through each square battery (2) is ensured to be in a straight line;
the square battery (2) is fixed in the square battery bracket (3), and each 6 batteries are a unit;
the square battery supports (3) are mutually connected through slots;
the inverter (4) converts a direct-current power supply provided by the square battery pack into high-frequency alternating current to provide a power supply for the eddy coil;
the temperature sensor (5) monitors the temperature of the square battery (2) in real time so as to adjust the opening and closing time of the eddy current heating system and avoid the damage caused by overheating of the square battery (2);
the single chip microcomputer (6) is used for controlling the inverter (4), and adjusting alternating current inside the eddy current coil (1) according to signals transmitted by the temperature sensor (5) on the surface of the square battery (2), so that the temperature fields among the square batteries (2) are uniformly distributed, the temperature of the square batteries (2) is uniformly increased, and the loss of the service life of the batteries due to overhigh local temperature rise is avoided.
CN202110620245.4A 2021-06-03 2021-06-03 Electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating Withdrawn CN113363621A (en)

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CN202110620245.4A CN113363621A (en) 2021-06-03 2021-06-03 Electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110620245.4A CN113363621A (en) 2021-06-03 2021-06-03 Electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113771699A (en) * 2021-09-10 2021-12-10 大连理工大学 Two-phase immersion type liquid cooling electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating
CN113793948A (en) * 2021-09-10 2021-12-14 大连理工大学 Fuel cell automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating
CN116388407A (en) * 2023-05-10 2023-07-04 大连理工大学 Wireless charging heating system, charging system, heating method and charging method
CN118431620A (en) * 2024-07-04 2024-08-02 溧阳余库能源科技有限公司 Battery heating tray

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014089915A (en) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-15 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Power supply system and electric vehicle
CN208923319U (en) * 2018-06-28 2019-05-31 郑州正方科技有限公司 A kind of rapidly pre-warming battery and electric car and unmanned plane
CN110600833A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-12-20 上海伊控动力系统有限公司 Self-heating system for vehicle-mounted battery pack of electric vehicle
CN112103595A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-18 上海交通大学 Vehicle power battery preheating device and control method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014089915A (en) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-15 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Power supply system and electric vehicle
CN208923319U (en) * 2018-06-28 2019-05-31 郑州正方科技有限公司 A kind of rapidly pre-warming battery and electric car and unmanned plane
CN110600833A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-12-20 上海伊控动力系统有限公司 Self-heating system for vehicle-mounted battery pack of electric vehicle
CN112103595A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-18 上海交通大学 Vehicle power battery preheating device and control method thereof

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113771699A (en) * 2021-09-10 2021-12-10 大连理工大学 Two-phase immersion type liquid cooling electric automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating
CN113793948A (en) * 2021-09-10 2021-12-14 大连理工大学 Fuel cell automobile cold start system based on eddy current heating
CN113771699B (en) * 2021-09-10 2023-07-18 大连理工大学 Two-phase immersed liquid cooling electric automobile cold start system based on vortex heating
CN116388407A (en) * 2023-05-10 2023-07-04 大连理工大学 Wireless charging heating system, charging system, heating method and charging method
CN118431620A (en) * 2024-07-04 2024-08-02 溧阳余库能源科技有限公司 Battery heating tray

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