CN113359874A - Flat single-axis sun tracking system and method with DSP as central processing unit - Google Patents
Flat single-axis sun tracking system and method with DSP as central processing unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113359874A CN113359874A CN202110788691.6A CN202110788691A CN113359874A CN 113359874 A CN113359874 A CN 113359874A CN 202110788691 A CN202110788691 A CN 202110788691A CN 113359874 A CN113359874 A CN 113359874A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flat single-axis solar tracking system and a tracking method using a DSP as a central processing unit, wherein the tracking system comprises a compass, a central processing unit and a central processing unit, wherein the compass is used for measuring an included angle between the axis of a flat single axis and the due north direction; the inclination angle sensor is used for detecting the real-time angle of the flat single shaft; the real-time clock unit is used for acquiring the time of the local standard in real time; a GPS unit for measuring local latitude; the information collecting unit is used for collecting local real-time standard time, latitude, included angle and horizontal axis real-time angle; and the DSP central processing unit is used for calculating the real-time direction of the sun and the theoretical angle of the flat single shaft needing to rotate according to the information collected by the information collecting unit and controlling the flat single shaft to rotate until the angle detected by the inclination angle sensor is equal to the theoretical angle. According to the invention, the real-time azimuth of the sun is calculated, and the angle of the flat single shaft is calibrated by feedback of the tilt angle sensor, so that the consistency of the actual rotation angle and theoretical calculation is ensured, and the maximum utilization efficiency of solar energy is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flat single-axis sun tracking system and a tracking method by taking a DSP (digital signal processor) as a central processing unit.
Background
In the present day that the energy consumption is getting larger and the traditional energy is getting exhausted, the human craving for new energy is getting stronger and stronger. The search for a new renewable and environmentally friendly energy source to meet the needs of socioeconomic development is a core issue of worldwide concern.
Solar energy is a novel clean energy and is inexhaustible because the solar energy is widely valued by countries in the world. However, the solar energy utilization efficiency of the current solar power generation technology is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above disadvantages, the present invention provides a flat single-axis sun tracking system with DSP as central processing unit, which can track the sun in real time, comprising
The compass is used for measuring an included angle between the axis of the flat single shaft and the due north direction;
the inclination angle sensor is used for detecting the real-time angle of the flat single shaft;
the real-time clock unit is used for acquiring the time of the local standard in real time;
a GPS unit for measuring local latitude;
the information collection unit is used for collecting the local standard time and the latitude acquired by the real-time clock unit, the angle measured by the compass and the angle detected by the tilt sensor;
and the DSP central processing unit is used for calculating the real-time direction of the sun and the theoretical angle of the flat single shaft needing to rotate according to the information collected by the information collecting unit and controlling the flat single shaft to rotate until the angle detected by the inclination angle sensor is equal to the theoretical angle.
And the power supply is used for supplying power to the system.
The tracking method of the flat single-axis sun tracking system with the DSP as the central processing unit comprises the following steps:
(1) acquiring the latitude of the local, the included angle between the axis of the horizontal single shaft and the due north direction, the real-time of the local standard and the real-time angle of the horizontal single shaft;
(2) calculating the current position of the sun according to the real-time obtained in the step (1), and calculating the theoretical angle of the flat single shaft needing to rotate according to the current position of the sun;
(3) and (3) enabling the real-time angle obtained in the step (1) to be equal to the theoretical angle calculated in the step (2) by rotating the flat single shaft, so as to realize sun tracking.
Preferably, the method for calculating the theoretical angle θ of the flat single shaft needing to rotate in the step (2) comprises the following steps: s1, calculating the number n of the date in the year obtained in the step (1) by using the formula
Calculating the declination angle delta of the sun;
s2, calculating a solar altitude h by using the local latitude Φ obtained by the calculation formula h, arcsin (sin Φ sin δ + cos Φ cos δ cost) according to the local latitude Φ, where t 'is twelve noon and 0, the morning is negative, and the afternoon is positive, and the equation t is 15 t';
s3 using the formula
Calculating a solar azimuth angle gamma;
s4, calculating the included angle phi between the axis of the flat single shaft and the due north direction
And calculating the theoretical rotation angle theta of the flat single-axis tracking ray array.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the real-time azimuth of the sun is calculated, and the angle of the flat single shaft is calibrated by feedback of the tilt angle sensor, so that the consistency of the actual rotation angle and theoretical calculation is ensured, and the maximum utilization efficiency of solar energy is realized.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the tracking system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
The solar tracking system with a single flat shaft and a DSP as a central processing unit shown in FIG. 1 comprises a compass for measuring an included angle between the axis of the single flat shaft and the due north direction;
the inclination angle sensor is used for detecting the real-time angle of the flat single shaft;
the real-time clock unit is used for acquiring the time of the local standard in real time;
a GPS unit for measuring local latitude;
the information collection unit is used for collecting the local standard time and the latitude acquired by the real-time clock unit, the angle measured by the compass and the angle detected by the tilt sensor;
and the DSP central processing unit is used for calculating the real-time direction of the sun and the theoretical angle of the flat single shaft needing to rotate according to the information collected by the information collecting unit and controlling the flat single shaft to rotate until the angle detected by the inclination angle sensor is equal to the theoretical angle.
The power supply is used for supplying power to the system;
the inclination angle sensor uses a digital sensor with an RS485 working mode, the temperature drift of the digital sensor is smaller than that of an analog sensor, and the gain error is limited in a small range; the flat single shaft is driven by the motor, and the DSP central processing unit sends a rotation signal to the motor according to the calculated angle so as to control the rotation of the flat single shaft.
The tracking method of the flat single-axis sun tracking system with the DSP as the central processing unit comprises the following steps:
(1) acquiring the latitude of the local, the included angle between the axis of the horizontal single shaft and the due north direction, the real-time of the local standard and the real-time angle of the horizontal single shaft;
(2) calculating the current position of the sun according to the real-time obtained in the step (1), and calculating the theoretical angle of the flat single shaft needing to rotate according to the current position of the sun;
(3) and (3) enabling the real-time angle obtained in the step (1) to be equal to the theoretical angle calculated in the step (2) by rotating the flat single shaft, so as to realize sun tracking.
Preferably, the method for calculating the theoretical angle θ of the flat single shaft needing to rotate in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating the number n of the date in the year obtained in the step (1) by using the formula
Calculating the declination angle delta of the sun;
s2, calculating a solar altitude h by using the local latitude Φ obtained by the calculation formula h, arcsin (sin Φ sin δ + cos Φ cos δ cost) according to the local latitude Φ, where t 'is twelve noon and 0, the morning is negative, and the afternoon is positive, and the equation t is 15 t';
s3 using the formula
Calculating a solar azimuth angle gamma;
s4, calculating the included angle phi between the axis of the flat single shaft and the due north direction
And calculating the theoretical rotation angle theta of the flat single-axis tracking ray array, wherein psi is fixed during installation and can be directly obtained by a compass.
In light of the foregoing, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A flat single-axis sun tracking system with DSP as a central processing unit is characterized by comprising
The compass is used for measuring an included angle between the axis of the flat single shaft and the due north direction;
the inclination angle sensor is used for detecting the real-time angle of the flat single shaft;
the real-time clock unit is used for acquiring the time of the local standard in real time;
a GPS unit for measuring local latitude;
the information collection unit is used for collecting the local standard time and the latitude acquired by the real-time clock unit, the angle measured by the compass and the angle detected by the tilt sensor;
and the DSP central processing unit is used for calculating the real-time direction of the sun and the theoretical angle of the flat single shaft needing to rotate according to the information collected by the information collecting unit and controlling the flat single shaft to rotate until the angle detected by the inclination angle sensor is equal to the theoretical angle.
2. A tracking method of a flat single axis sun tracking system with DSP as central processing unit according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) acquiring the latitude of the local, the included angle between the axis of the horizontal single shaft and the due north direction, the real-time of the local standard and the real-time angle of the horizontal single shaft;
(2) calculating the current position of the sun according to the real-time obtained in the step (1), and calculating the theoretical angle of the flat single shaft needing to rotate according to the current position of the sun;
(3) and (3) enabling the real-time angle obtained in the step (1) to be equal to the theoretical angle calculated in the step (2) by rotating the flat single shaft.
3. The tracking method according to claim 2, wherein the step (2) of calculating the theoretical angle θ of the flat single axis to be rotated is as follows:
s1, calculating the number n of the date in the year obtained in the step (1) by using the formula
Calculating the declination angle delta of the sun;
s2, calculating an hour angle t according to the formula t being 15t 'by using the real-time t' obtained in the step (1), and calculating a solar altitude h according to the calculation formula h being arcsin (sin phi sin δ + cos phi cos δ cost) by using the obtained local latitude phi;
s3 using the formula
Calculating a solar azimuth angle gamma;
s4, calculating the included angle phi between the axis of the flat single shaft and the due north direction
And calculating the theoretical rotation angle theta of the flat single-axis tracking ray array.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110788691.6A CN113359874A (en) | 2021-07-13 | 2021-07-13 | Flat single-axis sun tracking system and method with DSP as central processing unit |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102735209A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-17 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Process for measuring tracking precision of photovoltaic tracking system based on vector decomposition method |
| CN104898711A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-09 | 河海大学常州校区 | Flat and single axis system tracking path calculation method |
| CN105471377A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-06 | 王艳 | Horizontal single axis sun-tracking support apparatus |
| CN110941291A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-31 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Flat single-axis photovoltaic matrix tracking control system and method |
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- 2021-07-13 CN CN202110788691.6A patent/CN113359874A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102735209A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-17 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Process for measuring tracking precision of photovoltaic tracking system based on vector decomposition method |
| CN104898711A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-09 | 河海大学常州校区 | Flat and single axis system tracking path calculation method |
| CN105471377A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-06 | 王艳 | Horizontal single axis sun-tracking support apparatus |
| CN110941291A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-31 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Flat single-axis photovoltaic matrix tracking control system and method |
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