CN113358403A

CN113358403A - Soil sampler

Info

Publication number: CN113358403A
Application number: CN202110635412.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王国锋; 朱江; 赖发英; 朱方旭; 李媛; 何晋保
Original assignee: Jiangxi Academy Of Eco Environmental Science And Planning
Current assignee: Jiangxi Academy Of Eco Environmental Science And Planning
Priority date: 2021-06-08
Filing date: 2021-06-08
Publication date: 2021-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-08
Also published as: CN113358403B

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil sampler which comprises a cylinder, a sampling device and a collecting device, wherein the cylinder is of a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends, the sampling device is arranged in the cylinder, the sampling device comprises a sampling rod and a cutting part, the cutting part is connected with the lower end of the sampling rod, the sampling rod is of a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends, the collecting device penetrates through the sampling rod, the collecting device comprises a pvc pipe and a blade for separating soil, and the blade is connected with the lower end of the pvc pipe. According to the invention, the cutting claw is firstly utilized to break the soil, and the soil is conveyed into the PVC pipe by matching with the blade and downward force, so that the PVC pipe is prevented from being damaged due to interaction force when the soil is directly broken.

Description

Soil sampler

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, in particular to a soil sampler.

Background

Soil is a loose layer of material on the earth's surface, consisting of various granular minerals, organic substances, moisture, air, microorganisms, etc., and capable of growing plants. The soil is composed of mineral substances formed by weathering of rocks, animals and plants, organic matters generated by decomposition of microorganism residues, soil organisms (solid-phase substances), water (liquid-phase substances), air (gas-phase substances), oxidized humus and the like, and the solid substances comprise soil mineral substances, organic matters, nutrients obtained by light irradiation bacteriostasis and sterilization of microorganisms and the like. Liquid substances are primarily soil moisture. The gas is air present in the pores of the soil. The three types of substances in the soil form a contradictory unity. They are interconnected and restricted to provide necessary living conditions for crops, and are the material basis of soil fertility.

The soil has the ability to retain its original form against external forces or external environmental changes. In recent years, more and more researches are carried out on soil, and the soil has various effects of soil conservation and fertility preservation, soil erosion resistance and water and soil loss reduction. When studying soil, firstly, soil is sampled, and the existing sampler can cause damage to the pvc pipe when the soil is too hard in the sampling process, and in the prior art, after the pvc pipe finishes soil collection, the pvc pipe needs to be cut by a blade to take out the soil, so that waste of the pvc pipe is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a soil sampler for solving the defects in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a soil sampler, includes drum, sampling device and collection device, and the drum is both ends open-ended tubular structure, and sampling device sets up in the drum, and sampling device includes sampling pole and cutting piece, and the cutting piece is connected with the lower extreme of sampling pole, and the sampling pole is equipped with open-ended tubular structure for both ends, and collection device runs through the sampling pole, and collection device includes pvc pipe and the blade that is used for separating soil, and the blade is connected with the lower extreme of pvc pipe.

Preferably, the sampling rod comprises a hard part and an elastic part, and the hard part is fixedly connected with the cylinder.

Preferably, the pvc pipe comprises a first arc-shaped part and a second arc-shaped part, fixed blocks are arranged on two sides of the first arc-shaped part, a groove is formed in the middle of each fixed block, the length of the first arc-shaped part is larger than that of each fixed block, the bottom of the groove is of a closed structure, pushing parts are arranged on two sides of the second arc-shaped part, the length of the second arc-shaped part is larger than that of each pushing part, and the pushing parts are fixedly connected with the fixed blocks through the grooves.

Preferably, the outer side of the pushing piece is provided with a plurality of buckles, and the outer side of the fixed block is provided with buckle positions matched with the buckles.

Preferably, the cutting member includes fixed plate and a plurality of cutting claw, and the fixed plate is connected with the sampling pole, and the cutting claw is connected with the fixed plate, and the through-hole that is used for the pvc pipe to pass is seted up at the middle part of fixed plate.

Preferably, the blades are arranged below the first arc-shaped part and the second arc-shaped part respectively, and are arc-shaped blades.

Preferably, the PVC pipe comprises 30-40 parts of PVC resin, 10-15 parts of white carbon black, 5-10 parts of carbon nanofiber, 5-10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 8-12 parts of silica gel, 8-12 parts of boron nitride and 10-15 parts of adhesive.

Preferably, the adhesive is triethyl citrate or rosin resin or a combination of the triethyl citrate and the rosin resin.

The triethyl citrate is a plasticizer of the adhesive and the sealant, can fully compatibilize all the components of the raw materials, and improves the overall performance of the pipe.

The rosin resin contains double chains and carboxyl active genes, has a conjugated double bond and a typical carboxyl reaction, and can enhance the cohesive property among molecules when being used as an adhesive.

The white carbon black is a porous substance, has super-strong adhesive force, tear resistance, heat resistance and ageing resistance, strong surface adsorption force, large surface energy, high chemical purity and good dispersion performance, is mainly distributed in the chain of a high polymer material, and the fumed silica has strong activity due to the characteristics of serious insufficient coordination on the surface, huge specific surface area, insufficient oxygen on the surface and the like, is easy to bond with oxygen of epoxy cyclic molecules, improves the bonding force among molecules, has a part of fumed silica particles still distributed in the gaps of the high polymer chain, and shows high flow ripple performance compared with the macrocrystalline SiO2 particles, so that the strength, the toughness and the ductility of the epoxy resin material added with the fumed silica are greatly improved.

The silica gel is a high-activity adsorption material, has an open porous structure and strong adsorbability, and can adsorb various substances;

the boron nitride has chemical corrosion resistance, is not corroded by inorganic acid and water, and can isolate the copper plate from contacting with rainwater;

polyethylene glycol can change the tissue structure and reduce irregular gaps among molecules when various components are fused.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. utilize cutting claw earlier to break soil, in cooperation blade and decurrent dynamics, send soil to in the pvc pipe, when avoiding direct broken ground, because of the interact power, cause the damage of pvc pipe.

The PVC pipe is detachable, and only need unpack apart take out the soil of collection can, need not to utilize the blade to cut, but repeatedly use PVC pipe avoids the waste of resource.

3. Triethyl citrate is a plasticizer of an adhesive and a sealant, can fully compatibilize all components of the raw materials, improves the overall performance of the pipe, and can change the organization structure by matching with polyethylene glycol and reduce the performance of irregular gaps among molecules when all components are fused.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pvc pipe.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pvc pipe cut along the central axis.

The labels in the figure are: 1 cylinder, 2pvc pipe, 21 first arc piece, 22 second arc piece, 3 sampling rods, 31 hard parts, 32 elastic parts, 4 blades, 5 fixed blocks, 6 cutting pieces, 61 fixed plates, 62 cutting claws, 8 grooves, 9 pushing pieces, 10 buckles and 11 through holes.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-2, the soil sampler provided by the present invention comprises a cylinder 1, a sampling device and a collecting device, wherein the cylinder 1 is a cylindrical structure with two open ends, the sampling device is installed in the cylinder 1, the sampling device comprises a sampling rod 3 and a cutting member 6, the upper part of the sampling rod 3 is a hard part 31 fixedly connected with the cylinder 1, the connection mode can be welding connection or bolt connection, the lower part of the sampling rod 3 is an elastic part 32, the elastic part 32 can be a spring, or a spring plate or an elastic tube made of elastic material, because only the hard part 31 of the sampling rod 3 is fixedly connected with the cylinder 1, the sampling rod 3 is ensured to be fixed, the elastic part 32 can also move downwards, the upper end of the sampling rod 3 extends out of the cylinder 1 and can also be consistent with the height of the cylinder 1, the cutting member 6 is connected with the lower end of the sampling rod 3, the sampling rod 3 is of a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends, the collecting device penetrates through the sampling rod 3 and comprises a Pvc pipe 2 and a blade 4 for separating soil, the blade 4 is connected with the lower end of the Pvc pipe 2, the cutting part 6 comprises a fixing plate 61 and a plurality of cutting claws 62, the fixing plate 61 is connected with the sampling rod 3, the cutting claws 62 are connected with the fixing plate 61, the middle part of the fixing plate 61 is provided with a through hole 11 for the Pvc pipe 2 (the Pvc pipe is polyvinyl chloride) to pass through, the cutting claws 62 are composed of a plurality of cutters, and are in the shape of claws, the gap between the blade 4 and the cutting claws 62 is not more than 2.5cm, so that after the cutting claws break soil, the blade 4 can be easily inserted into the soil;

as shown in fig. 3-4, the pvc pipe 2 is divided into a first arc-shaped member 21 and a second arc-shaped member 22, fixed blocks 5 are disposed on both sides of the first arc-shaped member 21, a groove 8 is disposed in the middle of the fixed block 5, the length of the first arc-shaped member 21 is greater than that of the fixed block 5, the bottom of the groove 8 is of a closed structure, pushing members 9 are disposed on both sides of the second arc-shaped member 22, the pushing members 9 are slidably connected with the fixed blocks 5 through the groove 8, a plurality of buckles 10 are disposed on the outer side of the pushing members 9, buckle positions adapted to the buckles 10 are disposed on the outer side of the fixed block 5, the pushing members 9 are fixedly connected to both sides of the second arc-shaped member 22, the connection mode is welding, when assembling is required, the pushing members 9 are pushed from top to bottom by the groove 8, so that the pushing members 9 are connected with the fixed blocks 5, and when the first arc-shaped member 21 and the second arc-shaped member 22 are tightly combined and connected, fixing the pushing piece 9 by using the buckle 10 to prevent the position of the pushing piece 9 from transferring, taking out the pvc pipe 2 after collecting soil, opening the buckle 10, and separating the second arc-shaped piece 22 from the first arc-shaped piece 21;

it should be noted that the size of the through hole 11 formed in the middle of the fixing plate 61 only allows the pvc pipe 2 to pass through, after the pvc pipe 2 passes through a certain length, because the fixing block 5 cannot pass through, the fixing block 5 blocks the fixing plate 61 to push the fixing plate 61 to move downwards, and the specific difference between the lengths of the fixing block 5 and the pvc pipe 2 can be adjusted according to specific use.

The upper part of the sampling rod 3 is fixed with the cylinder 1, the lower part of the sampling rod is provided with a spring, a fixing plate 61 provided with a through hole 11 is connected below the spring, the fixing plate 61 is connected with a cutting claw 62, when the sampling rod is used, the pvc pipe 2 is taken out, the symmetrical blades 4 are installed below the pvc pipe 2 firstly, but the blades 4 need to be ensured, a space through which soil can pass is reserved between the blades 4, and after the installation is finished, the pvc pipe 2 is inserted into the sampling rod 3 to start soil collection.

The working principle is as follows: insert the soil sampling ware on the soil that needs were gathered, promote pvc pipe 2, fixed block 5 blocks fixed plate 61 to promote sampling rod 3 downstream together, sampling rod 3's cutting claw 62 breaks open soil earlier, blade 4 is in the dynamics that the soil cooperation after will breaking open promotes downwards, send soil to pvc pipe 2 in, gather soil.

Example 2

This example differs from example 1 in that:

the PVC pipe comprises the following components of 30 parts of PVC resin, 5 parts of polyethylene glycol, 10 parts of white carbon black, 5 parts of carbon nanofiber, 8 parts of silica gel, 8 parts of boron nitride and 10 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a mixture of triethyl citrate and rosin resin, and the mass ratio is 2: 1.

Example 3

This example differs from example 1 in that:

the PVC pipe comprises 47 parts of PVC resin, 7 parts of polyethylene glycol, 11 parts of white carbon black, 8 parts of carbon nanofiber, 10 parts of silica gel, 11 parts of boron nitride and 13 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a mixture of triethyl citrate and rosin resin, and the mass ratio is 2: 1.

Example 4

This example differs from example 1 in that:

the PVC pipe comprises 40 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of carbon nanofiber, 12 parts of silica gel, 12 parts of boron nitride and 15 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a mixture of triethyl citrate and rosin resin, and the mass ratio is 2: 1.

Comparative example 1

This comparative example is substantially the same as example 4 except that:

the PVC pipe comprises 40 parts of PVC resin, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of nano carbon fiber, 12 parts of silica gel and 12 parts of boron nitride, and no adhesive or polyethylene glycol is added.

Comparative example 2

This comparative example is substantially the same as example 4 except that:

the PVC pipe comprises 40 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 10 parts of nano carbon fiber, 12 parts of silica gel and 15 parts of adhesive, and white carbon black and boron nitride are not added.

Comparative example 3

This comparative example is substantially the same as example 4 except that:

the PVC pipe comprises 40 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 15 parts of white carbon black, 12 parts of boron nitride and 15 parts of adhesive, and nano carbon fibers and silica gel are not added.

Comparative example 4

This comparative example is substantially the same as example 4 except that:

the PVC pipe comprises 40 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of carbon nanofiber, 12 parts of silica gel, 12 parts of boron nitride and 15 parts of adhesive, wherein the adhesive is rosin resin

Comparative example 5

This comparative example is substantially the same as example 4 except that:

the PVC pipe comprises 40 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 15 parts of white carbon black, 10 parts of carbon nanofiber, 12 parts of silica gel, 12 parts of boron nitride and 15 parts of an adhesive, wherein the adhesive is triethyl citrate.

The PVC pipes prepared in the embodiments 2-4 and the comparative examples 1-5 by the same existing preparation method are compared in experiments, and the specific data are shown in tables 1-2;

the PVC pipes prepared in the embodiments 2-4 and the comparative examples 1-5 by the same existing manufacturing method are compared in a mechanical strength test, and specific data are shown in Table 3;

the experimental method comprises the following steps: the prepared pvc pipe was placed in an acid solution (55% concentrated sulfuric acid) and an alkali solution (55% sodium hydroxide), respectively, and the percentage of surface corrosion was observed.

The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring the raw materials and water at 160 ℃ at a mass ratio of 1:3 for 15min, pouring the mixture into a mold after stirring uniformly, and extruding the mixture into a PVC pipe in a molding machine after molding.

TABLE 1 (PVC pipe surface corrosion when put into acid solution)

TABLE 2 (PVC pipe surface corrosion when put in alkaline solution)

TABLE 3

	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2	Comparative example 3	Comparative example 4	Comparative example 5
									Tensile strength/Ma	264	287	275	260	253	242	260	257

Therefore, the embodiment 4 is the best scheme, the comparative example 1 is not added with the adhesive and the polyethylene glycol, and the triethyl citrate is a plasticizer of the adhesive and the sealant, so that all the components of the raw materials are fully compatible, the overall performance of the pipe is improved, the tissue structure can be changed by matching with the polyethylene glycol, the performance of irregular gaps among molecules is reduced when all the components are fused, the fusion of the pvc resin and the other components is enhanced, the irregular gaps are reduced, and the acid and alkali resistance is enhanced, and as can be seen from the table 1-the table 2, the surface corrosion of the comparative example 1 is the fastest and the most serious.

In comparative example 2, white carbon black and boron nitride were not added, and white carbon black was a porous substance and had a very strong adhesion, tear resistance, heat resistance and aging resistance, and the acid-base corrosion resistance and aging resistance of the pvc pipe were enhanced by the addition of boron nitride.

Comparative example 3 was not added with carbon nanofibers and silica gel, but silica gel had an open porous structure and strong adsorbability, and the mechanical properties and tear resistance of pvc pipes were enhanced by compounding carbon nanofibers, and it is clear from table 3 that the tensile strength of comparative example 3 was lower than those of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2.

The adhesive of example 4 is triethyl citrate and rosin resin, and the triethyl citrate is matched with the rosin resin to enhance the adhesive effect, accelerate the compatibility among the components, and also enhance the cohesive performance among the molecules, and enhance the polymerization among the components, compared with comparative example 4 and comparative example 5, the adhesive is rosin resin, and the triethyl citrate has the adhesive effect, so that the raw material components are fully compatible, but the rosin resin has the conjugated double bond and the typical carboxyl reaction, has the adhesive effect, and also can be used as a polymerization agent to enhance the cohesive performance among the molecules.

The above additional technical features can be freely combined and used in superposition by those skilled in the art without conflict.

The above examples only show some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the patent and protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a soil sampler, its characterized in that, includes drum (1), sampling device and collection device, drum (1) is both ends open-ended tubular structure, sampling device sets up in drum (1), sampling device is including sampling pole (3) and cutting member (6), cutting member (6) with the lower extreme of sampling pole (3) is connected, sampling pole (3) are equipped with open-ended tubular structure for both ends, collection device runs through sampling pole (3), collection device includes pvc pipe (2) and blade (4) that are used for separating soil, blade (4) with the lower extreme of pvc pipe (2) is connected.

2. A soil sampler according to claim 1 wherein the sampling rod (3) comprises a rigid portion and a resilient portion (5), the rigid portion being fixedly connected to the cylinder (1).

3. The soil sampler according to claim 1, wherein the pvc pipe (2) comprises a first arc-shaped part (21) and a second arc-shaped part (22), wherein fixing blocks (5) are arranged on two sides of the first arc-shaped part (21), a groove (8) is formed in the middle of each fixing block (5), the block length of the first arc-shaped part (21) is larger than that of each fixing block (5), the bottom of the groove (8) is of a closed structure, pushing parts (9) are arranged on two sides of the second arc-shaped part (22), the length of the second arc-shaped part (22) is larger than that of each pushing part (9), and each pushing part (9) is fixedly connected with the corresponding fixing block (5) through the groove (8).

4. A soil sampler as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pushing member (9) is provided on its outside with a plurality of catches (10), and the fixed block (5) is provided on its outside with catch positions adapted to the catches (10).

5. A soil sampler according to claim 1 wherein the cutting member comprises a fixed plate (61) and a plurality of cutting claws (62), the fixed plate (61) is connected to the sampling rod (3), the cutting claws (62) are connected to the fixed plate (61), and a through hole (11) for passing the pvc pipe (2) is formed in the middle of the fixed plate (61).

6. A soil sampler according to claim 3 wherein the first and second arcuate members are each provided with a blade (4) therebelow, and the blades (4) are arcuate blades (4).

7. The soil sampler according to claim 3, wherein the PVC pipe comprises, by weight, 30-40 parts of PVC resin, 10-15 parts of white carbon black, 5-10 parts of carbon nanofibers, 5-10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 8-12 parts of silica gel, 8-12 parts of boron nitride and 10-15 parts of an adhesive.

8. The soil sampler of claim 7, wherein the adhesive is triethyl citrate or rosin resin or a combination thereof.