CN113351815B - Preparation method of corrosion-resistant Ti35 titanium alloy bar - Google Patents
Preparation method of corrosion-resistant Ti35 titanium alloy bar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a corrosion-resistant Ti35 titanium alloy bar, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting a Ti35 alloy round bar blank, heating the round bar blank by a heating furnace at the temperature of 40-180 ℃ below a phase transition point, performing multiple-fire precision forging, polishing the surface of the bar blank during the precision forging fire, and controlling the pass deformation, the initial forging temperature and the final forging temperature of each fire precision forging to enable the structure of the bar blank to be uniformly refined; s2, heating the bar billet obtained in the step S1 at the temperature of 110-190 ℃ below the transformation point by using a heating furnace, and carrying out multi-pass precision forging; s3, the hot-worked bar obtained in step S2 is subjected to an atmospheric heat treatment in a heat treatment furnace. And S4, peeling the annealed bar obtained in the step S3 for multiple times by using a centerless lathe, controlling the turning amount of each pass in the peeling process, polishing the turned bar by using an abrasive belt polishing machine, and controlling the surface roughness of the bar. The Ti35 alloy bar prepared by the method has uniform structure, and the room temperature tensile property and the corrosion resistance can meet the requirements of materials for nuclear waste material post-processing equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a corrosion-resistant Ti35 titanium alloy bar.
Background
The safe and efficient development of nuclear power is an important component of energy and power development strategy in China, and with the increase of energy demand in China and the increase of the total amount of nuclear power installed equipment, the demand on a nuclear material waste post-treatment technology generated by a nuclear power plant reactor is more and more strong. The spent fuel post-processing technology of the nuclear power station is the key of the sustainable development of nuclear energy and the closed fuel circulation of nuclear fuel. The nuclear waste treatment equipment needs to be used in the nitric acid medium for a long time, and the low-carbon austenitic stainless steel has good performance in the nitric acid medium for nuclear waste post-treatment, and is widely applied to post-treatment plants at first. However, such materials are particularly susceptible to intergranular corrosion, particularly in boiling nitric acid media in which oxidizing ions are present. In order to improve the corrosion resistance of the post-treatment equipment material in boiling nitric acid, the material used needs to be designed. The titanium alloy has excellent corrosion resistance, and according to the use characteristics in a nitric acid environment, the titanium alloy firstly needs to have low solubility in nitric acid and can generate a stable oxide film. Based on this condition refractory metals should be added, while their ionic size is close to that of titanium, and only Ta and Nb can satisfy these requirements.
At present, the Ti-Ta alloy added with 5 percent of Ta is generally considered to be an excellent novel material applied to nuclear waste material post-processing equipment internationally. International post-treatment plants adopt Ti-Ta alloy to manufacture key equipment such as a nitric acid recovery evaporator and the like. The Ti35 titanium alloy is a Ti-Ta alloy, wherein the Ta content is 5.5-6.5%, the alloy has excellent corrosion resistance in high-concentration nitric acid, and is a preferred material for key equipment such as a nuclear waste aftertreatment evaporator, a jet pump and the like. The corrosion performance and corrosion behavior of Ti35 alloy, the preparation and forming rule of pipes, heat treatment and structure performance relation are studied in China, but the study on the preparation of Ti35 alloy bars is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a corrosion-resistant Ti35 titanium alloy bar, and solves the problems of structural performance and surface quality stability control of a Ti35 alloy bar.
The specific solution provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
a preparation method of a corrosion-resistant Ti35 titanium alloy bar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a Ti35 alloy round bar blank, wherein the content of Ta is 5.5% -6.5%, heating the round bar blank by a heating furnace at 40-180 ℃ below a phase transition point, carrying out precision forging on multiple fire times, polishing the surface of the round bar blank during the precision forging fire times, controlling the surface quality of the round bar blank, controlling the accumulated deformation of the precision forging of the round bar blank to be 64.75% -88.18%, and controlling the deformation, the initial forging temperature and the final forging temperature of each fire time of precision forging to enable the structure of the round bar blank to be uniformly refined;
s2, heating the bar blank obtained in the step S1 at the temperature of 110-190 ℃ below the transformation point by using a heating furnace, performing multi-pass precision forging, controlling the initial forging temperature, the final forging temperature and the size deviation of the bar material of the precision forging, performing online hot straightening on the bar blank by using a roller straightening machine, and controlling the bending degree of the bar material;
and S3, performing atmospheric heat treatment on the hot processed bar obtained in the step S2 by using a heat treatment furnace, controlling the structure of the annealed bar, performing online hot straightening on the bar blank by using a roller straightening machine, and controlling the bending degree of the bar.
And S4, peeling the annealed bar obtained in the step S3 for multiple times by using a centerless lathe, controlling the turning amount of each pass in the peeling process, polishing the turned bar by using a belt sander, and controlling the surface roughness of the bar.
Further, the number of finish forging fire in the step S1 is 2 to 3.
Further, in the step S1, the finish forging heat number is 3, the 1 st heat heating temperature of the finish forging is 40 to 80 ℃ below the transformation point, the 2 nd heat heating temperature of the finish forging is 100 to 140 ℃ below the transformation point, and the 3 rd heat heating temperature of the finish forging is 140 to 180 ℃ below the transformation point.
In step S1, the finish forging pass has 3 passes, the 1 st pass deformation is 12.11-20.12%, the 2 nd pass deformation is 16.23-22.63%, and the 3 rd pass deformation is 8.63-33.24%.
In step S1, the finish forging temperature is 3 times, the 1 st finish forging starting temperature is higher than 750 ℃, the 2 nd finish forging starting temperature is higher than 630 ℃, the 3 rd finish forging starting temperature is higher than 630 ℃, and the starting temperature of each finish forging is lower than the finish forging heating temperature of the rod blank.
Further, in the step S2, the finish forging pass deformation is 18.78% to 32.18%, and the accumulated finish forging deformation is 40.95% to 78.55%.
Further, the finish forging start forging temperature in the step S2 is higher than 600 ℃ and lower than the hot finish forging heating temperature.
Further, the cooling manner of the heat treatment in step S3 is furnace cooling, air cooling or rapid cooling.
Further, the turning amount in the step S4 is 0.2mm to 0.6 mm.
Further, the particle sizes of the abrasive belts of the abrasive belt polishing machine in the step S4 are 120 meshes and 400 meshes in sequence.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the Ti35 titanium alloy bar prepared by the method has excellent surface quality and structure control consistency, uniform bar structure and good surface quality, and the room-temperature tensile property and the corrosion resistance meet the requirements of materials for nuclear waste material post-processing equipment.
Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of testing the tensile strength and yield strength of Ti35 alloy bars according to examples 1-4 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of elongation and face reduction tests on a Ti35 alloy bar according to examples 1-4 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a transverse and longitudinal structure view of a Ti35 alloy bar according to example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant Ti35 titanium alloy bar of the invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a Ti35 alloy round bar blank, wherein the content of Ta is 5.5% -6.5%, heating the round bar blank by a heating furnace at the temperature of 40-180 ℃ below a phase change point, performing multi-fire precision forging, polishing the surface of the round bar blank during the precision forging fire, controlling the surface quality of the round bar blank, controlling the accumulated deformation of the precision forging of the round bar blank to be 64.75% -88.18%, and controlling the pass deformation, the initial forging temperature and the final forging temperature of each fire precision forging to enable the structure of the round bar blank to be uniformly refined;
s2, heating the bar blank obtained in the step S1 at the temperature of 110-190 ℃ below the transformation point by using a heating furnace, performing multi-pass precision forging, controlling the initial forging temperature, the final forging temperature and the size deviation of the bar material of the precision forging, performing hot straightening on the bar blank by using a roller straightening machine, and controlling the bending degree of the bar material;
s3, carrying out atmospheric heat treatment on the bar in the hot processing state obtained in the step S2 by using a heat treatment furnace, controlling the structure of the bar in the annealing state, carrying out hot straightening on the bar blank by using a roller type straightening machine, and controlling the bending degree of the bar;
and S4, peeling the annealed bar obtained in the step S3 for multiple times by using a centerless lathe, controlling the turning amount of each pass in the peeling process, polishing the turned bar by using a belt sander, and controlling the surface roughness of the bar.
Further, the number of finish forging fire in the step S1 is 2 to 3.
Further, in the step S1, the finish forging heat number is 3, the 1 st heat heating temperature of the finish forging is 40 to 80 ℃ below the transformation point, the 2 nd heat heating temperature of the finish forging is 100 to 140 ℃ below the transformation point, and the 3 rd heat heating temperature of the finish forging is 140 to 180 ℃ below the transformation point.
In step S1, the finish forging pass has 3 passes, the 1 st pass deformation is 12.11-20.12%, the 2 nd pass deformation is 16.23-22.63%, and the 3 rd pass deformation is 8.63-33.24%.
Further, in the step S1, the number of the precision forging is 3, the temperature of the 1 st precision forging is higher than 750 ℃, the temperature of the 2 nd precision forging is higher than 630 ℃, the temperature of the 3 rd precision forging is higher than 630 ℃, and the temperature of each precision forging is lower than the heating temperature of the precision forging of the hot bar.
Further, in the step S2, the deformation of the finish forging pass is 18.78% to 32.18%, and the cumulative deformation of the finish forging is 40.95% to 78.55%.
Further, the finish forging start forging temperature in the step S2 is higher than 600 ℃ and lower than the hot finish forging heating temperature.
Further, the cooling manner of the heat treatment in step S3 is furnace cooling, air cooling, or rapid cooling.
Further, the turning amount in the step S4 is 0.2mm to 0.6 mm.
Further, the particle sizes of the abrasive belts of the abrasive belt polishing machine in the step S4 are 120 meshes and 400 meshes in sequence.
The following is described with reference to specific process procedures:
example 1:
s1, precision forging of the bar blank: selecting a hot-working Ti35 alloy round bar blank with phi 160mm, wherein the hot-working Ti35 alloy round bar blank has uniform components and polished surface, the content of Ta in the bar blank is 5.5-6.5%, the transformation point is 890 ℃, the bar blank is subjected to upsetting-drawing deformation, the as-cast structure is fully crushed, the transverse and longitudinal structures of the bar blank are uniform, 2-time precision forging is carried out, the surface of the bar blank is polished between precision forging times, the surface quality of the bar blank is controlled, the accumulated deformation of the bar blank during precision forging is 64.75%, the heating temperature of the 1-time precision forging is 850 ℃, the size after each time of precision forging is phi 143mm, phi 128mm and phi 120mm in sequence, namely, the deformation of the precision forging times is 20.21%, 19.88% and 12.11%. The precision forging initial forging temperature is higher than 750 ℃, and the precision forging final forging temperature is higher than 640 ℃; after finishing the 1 st fire finish forging, polishing the surface of the bar by using a grinder to remove the defects of sticking pits, folding and the like on the surface of the bar, wherein the size of the polished bar is phi 118 mm; the heating temperature of the 2 nd hot precision forging is 790 ℃, the size of each pass of precision forging is phi 108mm and phi 95mm in sequence, namely the deformation of the precision forging passes is 16.23 percent and 22.63 percent. The precision forging starting temperature is higher than 630 ℃, the precision forging finishing temperature is higher than 500 ℃, the starting forging temperature of each fire is lower than the precision forging heating temperature of the hot bar blank, the finishing forging temperature of each fire is lower than the precision forging starting temperature of the hot bar blank, the surface of the bar is checked after precision forging, phenomena of folding, sticking and the like exist, local polishing is carried out by adopting a grinding wheel machine, the surface quality is controlled, and the Ti35 alloy phi 95mm precision forging bar blank is obtained, the corrosion resistance of the precision forging bar blank in nuclear waste materials and simulation solution is ensured by controlling the content of Ta element, and the consistency of the structure performance of each bar is controlled by controlling the precision forging heating temperature, the starting forging temperature and the finishing forging temperature by adopting a precision forging deformation mode;
s2, performing hot precision forging on the bar finished product: and (4) heating the bar blank obtained in the step (S1) by using a heating furnace at 780 ℃, wherein the size after each pass of finish forging is phi 81mm and phi 73mm in sequence, namely the deformation of the finish forging pass is 27.30 percent and 18.78 percent. The initial forging temperature is higher than 600 ℃ and lower than the heating temperature of the precision forging, the final forging temperature is higher than 500 ℃ and lower than the initial forging temperature of the precision forging, the size deviation of the bar after forging is controlled within 0.5mm, a roller straightening machine is used for carrying out heat straightening, the bending degree of the straightened bar is not more than 1mm/m, and the structure and the appearance size consistency of the bar are controlled by controlling the heating temperature, the initial forging temperature and the final forging temperature of the finished product after hot precision forging;
s3, bar heat treatment: carrying out atmospheric heat treatment on the bar in the hot processing state obtained in the step S2 by using a heat treatment furnace, wherein the heat treatment heat preservation temperature is 710 ℃, the heat preservation time is 120min, the cooling mode is furnace cooling, air cooling or faster cooling, the bar after annealing is an equiaxial structure, straightening is carried out by using a roller type straightening machine, the curvature of the straightened bar is not more than 1mm/m, the annealed bar with phi 73mm is obtained, the grain size and the room temperature tensile property of the bar are controlled by heat treatment to meet the standard requirements, and the curvature of the excellent bar is obtained;
s4, surface treatment of the bar: peeling the annealed bar obtained in the step S3 by using a centerless lathe, turning the bar with turning amount of 0.6mm, 0.5mm and 0.2mm in each peeling pass to obtain a bar with a polished surface of phi 70.5mm, wherein the size deviation of the bar is within 0.10mm, polishing the turned bar by using a belt sander, wherein the particle sizes of the abrasive belts are 120 meshes and 400 meshes respectively, the surface roughness of the polished bar is not more than 1.6 mu m 35m, and finally preparing the alloy bar with a polished surface of phi 70.5mm Ti 35. The surface oxide scale and the defect removal amount of the bar can be accurately controlled through the turning of a centerless lathe, and the bar with good surface quality is obtained through polishing.
Example 2:
s1, precision forging of the bar blank: selecting a hot-working Ti35 alloy round bar blank with phi 160mm and uniform components, polishing the surface, wherein the Ta content of the bar blank is 5.5-6.5%, the transformation point is 890 ℃, the bar blank is subjected to upsetting-drawing deformation, the as-cast structure is fully crushed, the transverse and longitudinal structures of the bar blank are uniform, heating is carried out by a heating furnace, fine forging is carried out for 2 times, and the accumulated deformation of the fine forging is 64.75%; the heating temperature of the 1 st fire precision forging is 840 ℃, the size of each pass of precision forging is phi 143mm, phi 128mm and phi 120mm in sequence, namely the deformation of the precision forging passes is 20.21%, 19.88% and 12.11%. The precision forging initial forging temperature is higher than 750 ℃, and the precision forging final forging temperature is higher than 640 ℃. After finishing the 1 st fire finish forging, polishing the surface of the bar by using a grinder, and removing the defects of sticking pits, folding and the like on the surface of the bar, wherein the size of the polished bar is phi 118 mm. The heating temperature of the 2 nd fire precision forging is 770 ℃, the size after each pass of precision forging is phi 108mm and phi 95mm in sequence, namely the deformation of the precision forging passes is 16.23 percent and 22.63 percent. The precision forging starting temperature is higher than 630 ℃, the precision forging finishing temperature is higher than 500 ℃, the starting forging temperature of each fire is lower than the precision forging heating temperature of the rod blank of the fire, and the finishing forging temperature of each fire is lower than the precision forging starting forging temperature of the rod blank of the fire. And (3) after precision forging, checking the surface of the bar, locally polishing the surface of the bar by adopting a grinding machine in the presence of folding, sticking pits and the like, and controlling the surface quality to obtain a Ti35 alloy precision forging bar blank with the diameter of 95 mm. The precision forging bar stock ensures the corrosion resistance in nuclear waste material and simulation solution thereof by controlling the content of Ta element, and controls the consistency of the structure performance of each bar by adopting a precision forging deformation mode and controlling the precision forging heating temperature, the initial forging temperature and the final forging temperature;
s2, performing hot precision forging on the bar finished product: and (3) heating the bar blank obtained in the step (S1) by using a heating furnace at 760 ℃, wherein the dimensions after each pass of finish forging are phi 82mm, phi 68mm, phi 58mm, phi 49mm and phi 44mm in sequence, namely the deformation of the finish forging passes is 25.50%, 31.23%, 27.25%, 28.63% and 19.37%. The initial forging temperature is higher than 600 ℃ and lower than the heating temperature of the precision forging, the final forging temperature is higher than 500 ℃ and lower than the initial forging temperature of the precision forging, the size deviation of the bar after forging is controlled within 0.5mm, a roller type straightener is used for carrying out hot straightening, and the bending degree of the straightened bar is not more than 1 mm/m. The hot finish forging of the finished product controls the consistency of the structure and the overall dimension of the bar by controlling the heating temperature, the initial forging temperature and the final forging temperature;
s3, heat treatment of the bar: carrying out atmospheric heat treatment on the bar in the hot processing state obtained in the step S2 by using a heat treatment furnace, wherein the heat treatment heat preservation temperature is 680 ℃, the heat preservation time is 90min, the cooling mode is furnace cooling, air cooling or faster cooling, the bar after annealing is an equiaxial structure, straightening by using a roller straightening machine, the bending degree of the straightened bar is not more than 1mm/m, obtaining the bar in the annealing state of phi 44mm, controlling the grain size and the room temperature tensile property of the bar to meet the standard requirement through heat treatment, and obtaining the excellent bending degree of the bar;
s4, surface treatment of the bar: and (4) peeling the annealed bar obtained in the step (S3) by using a centerless lathe, wherein the turning amount of each peeling pass is 0.6mm, 0.5mm and 0.3mm, and the bar with the phi 42mm of the finished surface is obtained by turning, and the size deviation of the bar is within 0.10 mm. And polishing the turned bar by using a belt sander, wherein the granularity of the abrasive belt is 120 meshes and 400 meshes respectively, and the surface roughness of the polished bar is not more than 1.6 mu m. Finally, a bright surface phi 42mmTi35 alloy bar is prepared. The surface oxide scale and the defect removal amount of the bar can be accurately controlled through the turning of a centerless lathe, and the bar with good surface quality is obtained through polishing.
Example 3:
s1, precision forging of the bar blank: selecting a hot-working Ti35 alloy round bar blank with phi of 160mm, wherein the components are uniform, the surface of the hot-working Ti35 alloy round bar blank is polished, the Ta content of the bar blank is 5.5-6.5%, the transformation point is 890 ℃, the bar blank is deformed by upsetting and drawing, the as-cast structure is fully crushed, the bar blank is uniform in transverse and longitudinal structure, the bar blank is heated by a heating furnace, fine forging is carried out for 3 times, and the accumulated deformation of the fine forging is 83.50%.
The heating temperature of the 1 st fire precision forging is 830 ℃, the size of each pass of precision forging is phi 143mm, phi 128mm and phi 120mm in sequence, namely the deformation of the precision forging passes is 20.21%, 19.88% and 12.11%. The precision forging initial forging temperature is higher than 750 ℃, and the precision forging final forging temperature is higher than 640 ℃. After the 1 st fire finish forging, a grinder is used for grinding the surface of the bar to remove the defects of sticking pits, folding and the like on the surface of the bar, the size of the bar after grinding is phi 118mm, the heating temperature of the 2 nd fire finish forging is 760 ℃, the size after each pass of finish forging is phi 108mm and phi 95mm in sequence, namely the deformation of the finish forging pass is 16.23 percent and 22.63 percent. The precision forging starting temperature is higher than 630 ℃, the precision forging finishing temperature is higher than 500 ℃, after the 2 nd fire precision forging is finished, the surface of the bar is checked, folding, sticking pits and the like exist, local polishing is carried out by adopting a grinding machine, and the surface quality is controlled. The heating temperature of the 3 rd hot precision forging is 750 ℃, the sizes of precision forging of each pass are phi 80mm, phi 68mm and phi 65mm in sequence, namely the deformation of the precision forging pass is 29.09%, 27.75% and 8.63%. The temperature of the finish forging is higher than 630 ℃, and the temperature of the finish forging is higher than 500 ℃. The initial forging temperature of each fire is lower than the precision forging heating temperature of the rod blank of the fire, the final forging temperature of each fire is lower than the precision forging initial forging temperature of the rod blank of the fire, the precision forging rod blank of the Ti35 alloy phi 65mm is prepared and obtained, the corrosion resistance of the precision forging rod blank in nuclear waste materials and simulation solution of the nuclear waste materials is guaranteed through controlling the content of Ta element, and the consistency of the structure performance of each rod is controlled through controlling the precision forging heating temperature, the initial forging temperature and the final forging temperature by adopting a precision forging deformation mode;
s2, performing hot precision forging on the bar finished product: and (3) heating the bar blank obtained in the step (S1) by a heating furnace at 740 ℃, wherein the dimensions after each pass of finish forging are phi 56mm, phi 47mm and phi 42.5mm in sequence, namely the deformation of the finish forging passes is 25.78%, 29.56% and 18.23%. The initial forging temperature is higher than 600 ℃ and lower than the heating temperature of the precision forging, the final forging temperature is higher than 500 ℃ and lower than the initial forging temperature of the precision forging, the size deviation of the bar after forging is controlled within 0.5mm, a roller type straightener is used for carrying out hot straightening, and the bending degree of the straightened bar is not more than 1 mm/m.
S3, bar heat treatment: carrying out atmospheric heat treatment on the bar in the hot processing state obtained in the step S2 by using a heat treatment furnace, wherein the heat treatment heat preservation temperature is 650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 60min, the cooling mode is furnace cooling, air cooling or faster cooling, the bar after annealing is an equiaxial structure, straightening is carried out by using a roller straightening machine, the bending degree of the straightened bar is not more than 1mm/m, the bar in the annealing state of phi 42.5mm is obtained, and the consistency of the structure and the external dimension of the bar is controlled by controlling the heating temperature, the initial forging temperature and the final forging temperature of the finished product of the hot finish forging;
s4, surface treatment of the bar: peeling the annealed bar obtained in the step S3 by using a centerless lathe, wherein the turning amount of each peeling pass is 0.5mm, 0.3mm and 0.2mm, the bar with the car finish surface of phi 40.5mm is obtained by turning, the size deviation of the bar is within 0.10mm, the turned bar is polished by using an abrasive belt polishing machine, the granularity of the abrasive belt is 120 meshes and 400 meshes respectively, the surface roughness of the polished bar is not more than 1.6 mu m, and finally the alloy bar with the bright surface of phi 40.5mm Ti35 is prepared, the grain size and the room temperature tensile property of the bar are controlled by heat treatment to meet the standard requirements, and the excellent bending degree of the bar is obtained;
example 4:
s1, precisely forging the bar blank: selecting a hot-working Ti35 alloy round bar blank with phi 160mm and uniform components, polishing the surface, wherein the Ta content of the bar blank is 5.5-6.5%, the transformation point is 890 ℃, the bar blank is deformed by upsetting and drawing, the as-cast structure is fully crushed, the transverse and longitudinal structures of the bar blank are uniform, heating is carried out by a heating furnace, fine forging is carried out for 3 times, and the accumulated deformation of the fine forging is 88.18%.
The heating temperature of the 1 st fire precision forging is 810 ℃, the size of each pass of precision forging is phi 143mm, phi 128mm and phi 120mm in sequence, namely the deformation of the precision forging passes is 20.21%, 19.88% and 12.11%. The precision forging initial forging temperature is higher than 750 ℃, the precision forging final forging temperature is higher than 640 ℃, after the 1 st fire precision forging is finished, the surface of the bar is polished by a grinder, the defects of sticking pits, folding and the like on the surface of the bar are removed, and the size of the polished bar is phi 118 mm. The heating temperature of the 2 nd fire precision forging is 750 ℃, the size of each pass of precision forging is phi 108mm and phi 95mm in sequence, namely the deformation of the precision forging passes is 16.23 percent and 22.63 percent. The finish forging temperature is higher than 630 ℃, the finish forging temperature is higher than 500 ℃, after the 2 nd fire finish forging, the surface of the bar is inspected, folding, sticking pits and the like exist, and the surface quality is controlled by adopting a grinding wheel machine to carry out local grinding. The heating temperature of the 3 rd fire precision forging is 710 ℃, the sizes of precision forging of each pass are phi 82mm, phi 67mm and phi 55mm in sequence, namely, the deformation of the precision forging passes is 25.50%, 33.24% and 32.61%. The precision forging initial forging temperature is higher than 630 ℃, and the precision forging final forging temperature is higher than 500 ℃. The initial forging temperature of each fire is lower than the precision forging heating temperature of the bar blank of the fire, and the final forging temperature of each fire is lower than the precision forging initial forging temperature of the bar blank of the fire. The Ti35 alloy phi 55mm precision forging bar stock is prepared, the corrosion resistance of the precision forging bar stock in nuclear waste material and simulation solution thereof is ensured by controlling the content of Ta element, and the consistency of the structure performance of each bar stock is controlled by controlling the precision forging heating temperature, the initial forging temperature and the final forging temperature by adopting a precision forging deformation mode;
s2, performing hot precision forging on the bar finished product: and (3) heating the bar blank obtained in the step S1 by using a heating furnace at 700 ℃, wherein the sizes of the bar blank after each pass of finish forging are phi 46.5mm, phi 39mm, phi 34mm and phi 28mm in sequence, namely, the deformation of the finish forging passes is 28.52%, 29.66%, 24.00% and 32.18%. The initial forging temperature is higher than 600 ℃ and lower than the heating temperature of the precision forging, the final forging temperature is higher than 500 ℃ and lower than the initial forging temperature of the precision forging, the size deviation of the bar after forging is controlled within 0.5mm, a roller straightening machine is used for carrying out heat straightening, the bending degree of the straightened bar is not more than 1mm/m, and the structure and the appearance size consistency of the bar are controlled by controlling the heating temperature, the initial forging temperature and the final forging temperature of the finished product after hot precision forging;
s3, bar heat treatment: and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the bar in the hot processing state obtained in the step (S2) in an atmosphere by using a heat treatment furnace, wherein the heat treatment heat preservation temperature is 610 ℃, the heat preservation time is 40min, the cooling mode is furnace cooling, air cooling or faster cooling, and the bar is in an equiaxial structure after annealing. Straightening by using a roller type straightening machine, wherein the curvature of the straightened bar is not more than 1mm/m, obtaining the annealed bar with the diameter of phi 26mm, controlling the grain size and the room-temperature tensile property of the bar to meet the standard requirement through heat treatment, and obtaining the curvature of the excellent bar;
s4, surface treatment of the bar: and (4) peeling the annealed bar obtained in the step (S3) by using a centerless lathe, wherein the turning amount of each peeling pass is 0.6mm, 0.5mm, 0.4mm, 0.3mm and 0.2mm, the bar with the polished surface of phi 26mm is obtained by turning, the size deviation of the bar is within 0.10mm, the turned bar is polished by using a belt sander, the grain sizes of abrasive belts are 120 meshes and 400 meshes respectively, and the surface roughness of the polished bar is not more than 1.6 mu m. Finally, the alloy bar with the bright surface phi of 26mmTi35 is prepared, the surface oxide scale and defect removal amount of the bar can be accurately controlled through centerless lathe turning, and the bar with good surface quality is obtained through polishing.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the test results of tensile strength and yield strength of a Ti35 alloy bar prepared by the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the test results of elongation and surface shrinkage of a Ti35 alloy bar prepared by the present invention; as can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the tensile strength is in accordance with the standard range of 380MPa to 480 MPa; the yield strength is in accordance with the standard range of 270 MPa-370 MPa; the elongation is more than 27 percent, and the product meets the industrial standard; the reduction of area is more than 55 percent and meets the industrial standard.
The surface roughness is less than 1.6 mu m and meets the industrial standard; the ultrasonic flaw detection conforms to GB/T5193A 1 grade; performing a full-immersion corrosion test in a mixed solution of a 6mol/L nitric acid solution and a nuclear waste simulation solution, wherein the corrosion rate is less than 0.1 mm/year; the application of the nuclear waste material post-treatment equipment such as an injection pump, an evaporator, a dissolver and the like meets the use requirement of the equipment.
FIG. 3 shows the transverse and longitudinal structures of a 40.5mm diameter bar of Ti35 alloy prepared in example 3 of the present invention, which is uniform.
Similarly, the test method and performance of the Ti35 alloy bars prepared by the methods of examples 1, 2 and 4 are equivalent to those of example 3, and are not repeated.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preparing a corrosion-resistant Ti35 titanium alloy bar, the method comprising:
s1, selecting a Ti35 alloy round bar blank, wherein the content of Ta is 5.5% -6.5%, heating the round bar blank by a heating furnace at the temperature of 40-180 ℃ below a phase transition point, performing multi-fire precision forging, polishing the surface of the round bar blank during precision forging fire, controlling the surface quality of the round bar blank, controlling the accumulated deformation of the precision forging of the round bar blank to be 64.75% -88.18%, and controlling the pass deformation, the initial forging temperature and the final forging temperature of each fire precision forging to enable the structure of the round bar blank to be uniformly refined;
s2, heating the bar blank obtained in the step S1 at the temperature of 110-190 ℃ below the transformation point by using a heating furnace, performing multi-pass precision forging, controlling the initial forging temperature, the final forging temperature and the size deviation of the bar material of the precision forging, performing online hot straightening on the bar blank by using a roller straightening machine, and controlling the bending degree of the bar material;
s3, carrying out atmospheric heat treatment on the bar in the hot processing state obtained in the step S2 by using a heat treatment furnace, controlling the structure of the bar in the annealing state, carrying out online hot straightening on the bar blank by using a roller straightening machine, and controlling the bending degree of the bar;
s4, peeling the annealed bar obtained in the step S3 for multiple times by using a centerless lathe, controlling the turning amount of each pass in the peeling process, polishing the turned bar by using a belt sander, and controlling the surface roughness of the bar;
in the step S1, the precision forging fire number is 3, the heating temperature of the 1 st fire number of precision forging is 40-80 ℃ below the phase change point, the heating temperature of the 2 nd fire number of precision forging is 100-140 ℃ below the phase change point, and the heating temperature of the 3 rd fire number of precision forging is 140-180 ℃ below the phase change point; the deformation of the 1 st fire precision forging pass is 12.11-20.12%, the deformation of the 2 nd fire precision forging pass is 16.23-22.63%, and the deformation of the 3 rd fire precision forging pass is 8.63-33.24%; the 1 st fire precision forging starting temperature is higher than 750 ℃, the 2 nd fire precision forging starting temperature is higher than 630 ℃, the 3 rd fire precision forging starting temperature is higher than 630 ℃, and the starting temperature of each fire is lower than the heating temperature of the fire bar blank precision forging;
in the step S2, the deformation of the precision forging pass is 18.78% -32.18%, and the accumulated deformation of the precision forging is 40.95% -78.55%; the finish forging starting temperature in the step S2 is higher than 600 ℃ and lower than the hot finish forging heating temperature.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat treatment in step S3 is performed by furnace cooling, air cooling or rapid cooling.
3. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant Ti35 titanium alloy bar according to claim 1, wherein the turning amount in the step S4 is 0.2mm to 0.6 mm.
4. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant Ti35 titanium alloy bar according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the particle sizes of the abrasive belts of the abrasive belt polishing machine are 120 meshes and 400 meshes in sequence.
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