CN106435131B - The method that deep cooling rolling-short annealing prepares nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate - Google Patents
The method that deep cooling rolling-short annealing prepares nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of method that deep cooling rolling-short annealing prepares nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate, belongs to stainless steel manufacturing field；Method: 1) austenitic stainless steel billets carry out hot rolling at 1150~1250 DEG C after heat preservation, and subsequent water cooling is air-cooled to room temperature, hot rolled plate is made to after 150~200 DEG C；2) deep cooling rolls: hot rolled plate solid solution being handled, after the oxide layer for removing surface, deep cooling rolling is carried out, carries out liquid nitrogen processing to steel plate before cold rolling per pass, deep cooling is made and rolls stainless steel plate；3) deep cooling is rolled into stainless steel plate, at 600~850 DEG C, room temperature is air-cooled to after heat preservation, nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate is made.Stainless steel plate yield strength produced by the present invention is 956~1170MPa, and tensile strength is 1130~1380MPa, and elongation after fracture is 18~52%, and strength and ductility product is 55000~58080MPa%.The method of the present invention time is short high-efficient, saves the energy, at low cost, is readily produced out the biggish exemplar of cross dimensions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stainless steel manufacturing fields, and in particular to a kind of deep cooling rolling-short annealing prepares nanocrystalline Ovshinsky
The method of body stainless steel plate.
Background technique
Austenitic stainless steel refers to containing Cr about 8~10wt% of 18wt%, Ni, C about 0.1wt%, has face-centered cubic crystal
Structure, in a state of use with the stainless steel of stable austenite structure.With the development of economy, the application of stainless steel is more next
More extensive, austenitic stainless steel is due to that can form fine and close oxidation film containing higher chromium and nickel, while heat resistance is higher,
And have it is nonmagnetic, so austenitic stainless steel has more excellent corrosion resistance, plasticity, high temperatures than other stainless steels
Energy, mouldability, welding performance become yield, dosage maximum, and a kind of most stainless steel of model, usage amount accounts for about entire stainless
The 70% of output of steel is widely used in chemical industry, and ocean engineering, household supplies (tableware, cabinet, boiler, water heater), automobile is matched
Part, medical apparatus, building materials, the fields such as food industry.Austenitic stainless steel is similar with most of other metal materials, resists
Tensile strength, yield strength and hardness are improved with the reduction of temperature；Plasticity then reduces as temperature reduces, but critically important
A bit, with the reduction of temperature, impact toughness is reduced slowly, and tough-brittle transition temperature is not present, therefore austenite is not
Rust steel is still able to maintain enough plasticity and toughness in very low temperature.
Austenitic stainless steel is nonmagnetic and has high tenacity and plasticity, but usually intensity is lower, has Austria at normal temperature
Solid-state phase changes do not occur during being heated or cooled for family name's body tissue, such as: 304 austenitic stainless steels are metastable state Ovshinskies
The Typical Representative of body stainless steel is easy to be changed into martensitic microstructure in deformation.Therefore, this kind of steel cannot directly pass through
Heat treatment is to refine, it is necessary to be refined using the recrystallization after cold deformation or cold deformation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to metastable state austenitic stainless steel, and the present invention proposes that a kind of deep cooling rolling-short annealing prepares Ovshinsky
The method of body stainless steel plate；The method of the present invention is rolled using deep cooling and short annealing technology, can reduce deflection or avoids often
The complexity for advising multiple cold rolling-annealing process of technique, directly prepares the nanocrystalline austenitic stainless steel of high strength and ductility.Meanwhile
The technique can also be used for the nanocrystalline preparation field of face-centred cubic structure non-ferrous metal, solves other techniques and was cold worked in room temperature
Deflection is excessive or the problems such as exemplar size is smaller in journey, prepares the nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate of high-strength tenacity.
The method that deep cooling rolling-short annealing of the invention prepares nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate, specifically includes as follows
Step:
Step 1, hot rolling:
(1) by austenitic stainless steel billets, at 1150~1250 DEG C, 2~4h is kept the temperature；
(2) by the austenitic stainless steel billets after heat preservation, 5~9 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1150~1200
DEG C, finishing temperature is 1000~1100 DEG C, and always accumulative pushing rate is 50~90%, and subsequent water cooling is air-cooled to after 150~200 DEG C
To room temperature, hot rolled plate is made；
Step 2, deep cooling rolls:
(1) solution treatment: by hot rolled plate, being heated to 1020~1050 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 20~30min, water cooling to room temperature, and system
Steel plate after obtaining solution treatment；
(2) oxide layer of the surface of steel plate after solution treatment is removed；
(3) it rolls: steel plate being subjected to deep cooling rolling, total accumulative reduction ratio of cold rolling is 40~80%, pressure per pass
Rate is 8~10%, carries out liquid nitrogen processing to steel plate before cold rolling per pass, and deep cooling is made and rolls stainless steel plate；Wherein, liquid nitrogen is handled
Method are as follows: steel plate is immersed in liquid nitrogen, first time liquid nitrogen processing time be 20~30min, remaining liquid nitrogen processing when
Between be 5~10min；
Step 3, short annealing:
(1) deep cooling is rolled into stainless steel plate, at 600~850 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3~5min；
(2) the deep cooling rolling stainless steel plate after annealing is air-cooled to room temperature, nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate is made.
In the step 1 (2), cooling rate when water cooling is 25~35 DEG C/s.
The step 1, annealing hot rolled plate microscopic structure obtained are austenite, and average grain size is 20~40 μm,
Even tissue.
The step 1, hot-rolling arrangement are adopted as Φ 450mm experiment hot-rolling mill.
In the step 2 (1), solution treatment device uses JPX-8-13 chamber type electric resistance furnace.
In the step 2 (1), the hot rolled plate after solution treatment, microscopic structure is austenite structure, average grain size
It is 20~40 μm.
In the step 2 (2), the method for the oxide layer of the surface of steel plate after removing solution treatment are as follows: utilize dilute hydrochloric acid
To the hot rolled plate after solution treatment, pickling is carried out, removes the oxide layer on its surface, guarantees the matter of deep cooling rolling stainless steel surface
Amount.
In the step 2 (3), liquid nitrogen processing is carried out to steel plate, steel plate is enable to cool down uniformly, after being removed from liquid nitrogen
It is immediately fed into milling train to be rolled, continues to be put into liquid nitrogen by steel plate immediately after rolling per pass and impregnate.
In the step 2, apparatus for cold rolling uses Φ 180mm duo mill.
The step 3, annealing device use chamber type electric resistance furnace.
In the step 1, austenitic stainless steel billets with a thickness of 50~80mm, hot rolled plate with a thickness of 5~10mm；
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate is made from the step 3 with a thickness of 1~6mm.
The austenite stainless steel plate is 304 austenite stainless steel plates or 316 austenite stainless steel plates.
304 austenite stainless steel plates, contain ingredient and its mass percentage are as follows: C:0.04~0.08%, Si:
0.2~0.8%, Mn:1.2~2.0%, Cr:17~20%, Ni:7.0~9.0%, P:0.01~0.1%, S≤0.005%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
316 austenite stainless steel plates, contain ingredient and its mass percentage are as follows: C:0.04~0.08%, Si:
0.2~0.8%, Mn:1.2~2.0%, Cr:16~18%, Ni:10.0~14%, P:0.01~0.1%, S≤0.005%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the step 3, yield strength are 956~1170MPa, tensile strength
For 1130~1380MPa, elongation after fracture is 18~52%, and strength and ductility product is 55000~58080MPa%.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the step 3, microstructure are equiaxial austenitic stainless steel group
Knit the permanent set martensitic structure that austenite is returned with non-inversion, average grain size≤100nm.
The method that deep cooling rolling-short annealing of the invention prepares nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate, with prior art phase
Compare, have the advantages that following significant and effect:
(1) for the present invention using deep cooling rolling-rta technique, grain refining effect is significant, hence it is evident that improves strong modeling
Product.Crystal grain can be refined to 100nm rank, and yield strength is up to 1170MPa, and tensile strength is up to 1380MPa, and strength and ductility product reaches
58080MPa%.
(2) for the present invention using deep cooling rolling-short annealing, cooling medium liquid nitrogen derives from air, at low cost；Rolling
Short annealing is used afterwards, and the time is short high-efficient, and with short production cycle, the energy is saved in the annealing compared with wheels more several than other modes, reduces
Manufacturing cost.The present invention is readily produced out the biggish exemplar of cross dimensions.
(3) present invention is rolled and rta technique by advanced deep cooling, be can reduce deflection or is avoided conventional work
The complexity of multiple cold rolling-annealing process of skill, directly prepares high-strength nanocrystalline austenitic stainless steel；Meanwhile the technique can also
For the nanocrystalline preparation field of face-centred cubic structure non-ferrous metal, other techniques deflection during room temperature cold working is solved
The problems such as excessive or exemplar ruler is smaller.
(4) present invention process process is short, low energy consumption, high-efficient, production cost is low, manufacturing method is simple.
Detailed description of the invention
Deep cooling rolling-short annealing of Fig. 1 embodiment of the present invention prepares deep in the method for nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate
Cold rolling-rta technique schematic diagram；
The metallographic structure of the hot rolled plate of Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention 3；
The optical microstructure of the rolling stainless steel plate of deep cooling made from the step 2 of Fig. 3 embodiment of the present invention 3；
The scanning electron microscope shape appearance figure of nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the step 3 of Fig. 4 embodiment of the present invention 3；
The transmission electron microscope picture of nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the step 3 of Fig. 5 embodiment of the present invention 3.
Specific embodiment
In following embodiment, hot-rolling arrangement is adopted as Φ 450mm experiment hot-rolling mill；Solution treatment device uses JPX-8-13
Chamber type electric resistance furnace；Apparatus for cold rolling uses Φ 180mm duo mill；Annealing device uses chamber type electric resistance furnace；In step 2 (1), annealing
The size of hot rolled plate is 105mm × 40mm × 5mm.
Deep cooling rolling-short annealing of following embodiment prepares deep cooling in the method for nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate and rolls
System-rta technique schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that deep cooling rolling-short annealing prepares nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, hot rolling:
(1) by 304 austenitic stainless steel billets of 50mm thickness, at 1150 DEG C, 4h is kept the temperature；Wherein:
304 austenite stainless steel plates, contain ingredient and its mass percentage are as follows: C:0.08%, Si:
0.75%, Mn:2.0%, Cr:18.45%, Ni:8.0%, P:0.0045%, S:0.003, surplus be Fe and inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter；
(2) by the austenitic stainless steel billets after heat preservation, 7 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1170 DEG C, finishing temperature
It is 1000 DEG C, always accumulative pushing rate is 90%, room temperature is then air-cooled to after 150 DEG C with water cooling that cooling rate is 25 DEG C/s,
The hot rolled plate of 5mm thickness is made；
Step 2, deep cooling rolls:
(1) solution treatment: intercepting 105mm × 40mm × 5mm size plate for hot rolled plate, is heated to 1050 DEG C, heat preservation
After 30min, water cooling to room temperature, the steel plate after solution treatment is made；
Hot rolled plate after solution treatment, microscopic structure are austenite structure, and average grain size is 20 μm；
(2) oxide layer of the surface of steel plate after solution treatment is removed: using dilute hydrochloric acid to the hot rolled plate after solution treatment, into
Row pickling removes the oxide layer on its surface, guarantees the quality of deep cooling rolling stainless steel surface；
(3) it rolls: steel plate being subjected to the rolling of 10 passage deep coolings, total accumulative reduction ratio of cold rolling is 50%, the pressure of each passage
Lower rate average out to 5% carries out liquid nitrogen processing to steel plate before cold rolling per pass, is made and rolls stainless steel with a thickness of the deep cooling of 2.5mm
Plate；Wherein, the method for liquid nitrogen processing are as follows: steel plate is immersed in liquid nitrogen, the time of first time liquid nitrogen processing is 30min, remaining
The time of liquid nitrogen processing is 5min；
Step 3, short annealing:
(1) deep cooling is rolled into stainless steel plate, at 650 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5min；
(2) the deep cooling rolling stainless steel plate after annealing is air-cooled to room temperature, nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate is made.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate, tests and analyzes microscopic structure made from the present embodiment, and microscopic structure is
The isometric tiny austenite structure of reverse transformation, average grain size is about 100nm, while observing a small amount of remnants not
The martensite of reverse transformation remains.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the present embodiment, yield strength 1158MPa, tensile strength are
1360MPa, elongation after fracture 18%；Strength and ductility product is 24480MPa%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that deep cooling rolling-short annealing prepares nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, hot rolling:
(1) by 304 austenitic stainless steel billets of 50mm thickness, at 1250 DEG C, 3h is kept the temperature；Wherein:
304 austenite stainless steel plates, contain ingredient and its mass percentage are as follows: C:0.08%, Si:
0.75%, Mn:2.0%, Cr:18.45%, Ni:8.0%, P:0.0045%, S:0.003, surplus be Fe and inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter；
(2) by the austenitic stainless steel billets after heat preservation, 7 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1170 DEG C, finishing temperature
It is 1000 DEG C, always accumulative pushing rate is 90%, room temperature is then air-cooled to after 200 DEG C with water cooling that cooling rate is 35 DEG C/s,
The hot rolled plate of 5mm thickness is made；
Step 2, deep cooling rolls:
(1) solution treatment: intercepting 105mm × 40mm × 5mm size plate for hot rolled plate, is heated to 1020 DEG C, heat preservation
After 20min, water cooling to room temperature, the steel plate after solution treatment is made；
Hot rolled plate after solution treatment, microscopic structure are austenite structure, and average grain size is 25 μm；
(2) oxide layer of the surface of steel plate after solution treatment is removed: using dilute hydrochloric acid to the hot rolled plate after solution treatment, into
Row pickling removes the oxide layer on its surface, guarantees the quality of deep cooling rolling stainless steel surface；
(3) it rolls: steel plate being subjected to the rolling of 12 passage deep coolings, total accumulative reduction ratio of cold rolling is 60%, under each passage
Rate average out to 10% carries out liquid nitrogen processing to steel plate before cold rolling per pass, is made and rolls stainless steel plate with a thickness of 2mm deep cooling；Its
In, the method for liquid nitrogen processing are as follows: steel plate is immersed in liquid nitrogen, the time of first time liquid nitrogen processing is 30min, at remaining liquid nitrogen
The time of reason is 5min；
Step 3, short annealing:
(1) deep cooling is rolled into stainless steel plate, at 700 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5min；
(2) the deep cooling rolling stainless steel plate after annealing is air-cooled to room temperature, nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate is made.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate, tests and analyzes microscopic structure made from the present embodiment, and microscopic structure is
The isometric tiny austenite structure of reverse transformation, average grain size is about 100nm, while observing a small amount of remnants not
The martensite of reverse transformation remains.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the present embodiment, yield strength 980MPa, tensile strength are
1170MPa, elongation after fracture 26%；Strength and ductility product is 30420MPa%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that deep cooling rolling-short annealing prepares nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, hot rolling:
(1) by 304 austenitic stainless steel billets of 50mm thickness, at 1150 DEG C, 4h is kept the temperature；Wherein:
304 austenite stainless steel plates, contain ingredient and its mass percentage are as follows: C:0.08%, Si:0.5%,
Mn:1.24%, Cr:19.07%, Ni:7.98%, P:0.0068%, S:0.0062%, surplus be Fe and inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter；
(2) by the austenitic stainless steel billets after heat preservation, 7 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1170 DEG C, finishing temperature
It is 1000 DEG C, always accumulative pushing rate is 90%, room temperature is then air-cooled to after 180 DEG C with water cooling that cooling rate is 30 DEG C/s,
The hot rolled plate of 5mm thickness is made；The metallographic structure of hot rolled plate is as shown in Figure 2；
Step 2, deep cooling rolls:
(1) solution treatment: intercepting 105mm × 40mm × 5mm size plate for hot rolled plate, is heated to 1020 DEG C, heat preservation
After 20min, water cooling to room temperature, the steel plate after solution treatment is made；
Hot rolled plate after solution treatment, microscopic structure are austenite structure, and average grain size is 20 μm；
(2) oxide layer of the surface of steel plate after solution treatment is removed: using dilute hydrochloric acid to the hot rolled plate after solution treatment, into
Row pickling removes the oxide layer on its surface, guarantees the quality of deep cooling rolling stainless steel surface；
(3) it rolls: steel plate being subjected to the rolling of 12 passage deep coolings, total accumulative reduction ratio of cold rolling is 65%, under each passage
Rate average out to 10% carries out liquid nitrogen processing to steel plate before cold rolling per pass, is made and rolls stainless steel plate with a thickness of 1.75mm deep cooling；
Wherein, the method for liquid nitrogen processing are as follows: steel plate is immersed in liquid nitrogen, the time of first time liquid nitrogen processing is 30min, remaining liquid nitrogen
The time of processing is 5min；The optical microstructure that deep cooling rolls stainless steel plate is as shown in Figure 3；
Step 3, short annealing:
(1) deep cooling is rolled into stainless steel plate, at 700 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5min；
(2) the deep cooling rolling stainless steel plate after annealing is air-cooled to room temperature, nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate is made.
The scanning electron microscope shape appearance figure of nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the present embodiment step 3 is as shown in figure 4, it is saturating
Electron microscope is penetrated as shown in figure 5, testing and analyzing to microscopic structure, microscopic structure is the isometric tiny austenite group of reverse transformation
It knits, average grain size is about 100nm, while observing the martensite residual of a small amount of remaining non-reverse transformation.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the present embodiment, yield strength 1060MPa, tensile strength are
1280MPa, elongation after fracture 32%；Strength and ductility product is 40960MPa%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method that deep cooling rolling-short annealing prepares nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, hot rolling:
(1) by 304 austenitic stainless steel billets of 50mm thickness, at 1200 DEG C, 3h is kept the temperature；Wherein:
304 austenite stainless steel plates, contain ingredient and its mass percentage are as follows: C:0.08%, Si:0.5%,
Mn:1.24%, Cr:19.07%, Ni:7.98%, P:0.0068%, S:0.0062%, surplus be Fe and inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter；
(2) by the austenitic stainless steel billets after heat preservation, 7 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1170 DEG C, finishing temperature
It is 1000 DEG C, always accumulative pushing rate is 90%, room temperature is then air-cooled to after 180 DEG C with water cooling that cooling rate is 25 DEG C/s,
The hot rolled plate of 5mm thickness is made；
Step 2, deep cooling rolls:
(1) solution treatment: hot rolled plate is intercepted into 105mm × 40mm × 5mm size plate, is heated to 1020~1050
DEG C, after keeping the temperature 20~30min, water cooling to room temperature, the steel plate after solution treatment is made；
Hot rolled plate after solution treatment, microscopic structure are austenite structure, and average grain size is 20~40 μm；
(2) oxide layer of the surface of steel plate after solution treatment is removed: using dilute hydrochloric acid to the hot rolled plate after solution treatment, into
Row pickling removes the oxide layer on its surface, guarantees the quality of deep cooling rolling stainless steel surface；
(3) it rolls: steel plate being subjected to the rolling of 14 passage deep coolings, total accumulative reduction ratio of cold rolling is 70%, under each passage
Rate average out to 10% carries out liquid nitrogen processing to steel plate before cold rolling per pass, is made and rolls stainless steel plate with a thickness of 1.5mm deep cooling；
Wherein, the method for liquid nitrogen processing are as follows: steel plate is immersed in liquid nitrogen, the time of first time liquid nitrogen processing is 25min, remaining liquid nitrogen
The time of processing is 5min；
Step 3, short annealing:
(1) deep cooling is rolled into stainless steel plate, at 750 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3min；
(2) the deep cooling rolling stainless steel plate after annealing is air-cooled to room temperature, nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate is made.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the present embodiment, yield strength 956MPa, tensile strength are
1130MPa, elongation after fracture 52%；Strength and ductility product is 58760MPa%.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the present embodiment, microstructure be equiaxial austenite stainless structure of steel and
The permanent set martensitic structure of austenite is returned in non-inversion, and average grain size is less than 100nm.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method that deep cooling rolling-short annealing prepares nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, hot rolling:
(1) by 316 austenitic stainless steel billets of 50mm thickness, at 1150 DEG C, 4h is kept the temperature；Wherein:
316 austenite stainless steel plates, contain ingredient and its mass percentage are as follows: C:0.04~0.08%, Si:
0.2~0.8%, Mn:1.2~2.0%, Cr:16~18%, Ni:10.0~14%, P:0.01~0.1%, S 0.005%, it is remaining
Amount is Fe and inevitable impurity.
(2) by the austenitic stainless steel billets after heat preservation, 5 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1200 DEG C, finishing temperature
It is 1100 DEG C, always accumulative pushing rate is 88%, room temperature is then air-cooled to after 200 DEG C with water cooling that cooling rate is 35 DEG C/s,
The hot rolled plate of 6mm thickness is made；
Step 2, deep cooling rolls:
(1) solution treatment: intercepting 105mm × 40mm × 6mm size plate for hot rolled plate, is heated to 1020 DEG C, heat preservation
After 30min, water cooling to room temperature, the steel plate after solution treatment is made；
Hot rolled plate after solution treatment, microscopic structure are austenite structure, and average grain size is 35 μm；
(2) oxide layer of the surface of steel plate after solution treatment is removed: using dilute hydrochloric acid to the hot rolled plate after solution treatment, into
Row pickling removes the oxide layer on its surface, guarantees the quality of deep cooling rolling stainless steel surface；
(3) it rolls: steel plate being subjected to the rolling of 10 passage deep coolings, total accumulative reduction ratio of cold rolling is 50%, under each passage
Rate average out to 5% carries out liquid nitrogen processing to steel plate before cold rolling per pass, is made and rolls stainless steel plate with a thickness of 3mm deep cooling；Its
In, the method for liquid nitrogen processing are as follows: steel plate is immersed in liquid nitrogen, the time of first time liquid nitrogen processing is 20min, at remaining liquid nitrogen
The time of reason is 8min；
Step 3, short annealing:
(1) deep cooling is rolled into stainless steel plate, at 750 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3min；
(2) the deep cooling rolling stainless steel plate after annealing is air-cooled to room temperature, nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate is made.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the present embodiment, yield strength 1170MPa, tensile strength are
1380MPa, elongation after fracture 20%；Strength and ductility product is 27600MPa.%.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the present embodiment, microstructure be equiaxial austenite stainless structure of steel and
The permanent set martensitic structure of austenite, average grain size≤100nm are returned in non-inversion.
Embodiment 6
A kind of method that deep cooling rolling-short annealing prepares nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, hot rolling:
(1) by 316 austenitic stainless steel billets of 50mm thickness, at 1250 DEG C, 2h is kept the temperature；Wherein:
316 austenite stainless steel plates, contain ingredient and its mass percentage are as follows: C:0.04~0.08%, Si:
0.2~0.8%, Mn:1.2~2.0%, Cr:16~18%, Ni:10.0~14%, P:0.01~0.1%, S 0.005%, it is remaining
Amount is Fe and inevitable impurity.
(2) by the austenitic stainless steel billets after heat preservation, 10 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1150 DEG C, finish to gauge temperature
Degree is 1000 DEG C, and always accumulative pushing rate is 88%, is then air-cooled to room to after 150 DEG C with water cooling that cooling rate is 25 DEG C/s
The hot rolled plate of 6mm thickness is made in temperature；
Step 2, deep cooling rolls:
(1) solution treatment: intercepting 105mm × 40mm × 6mm size plate for hot rolled plate, is heated to 1050 DEG C, heat preservation
After 20min, water cooling to room temperature, the steel plate after solution treatment is made；
Hot rolled plate after solution treatment, microscopic structure are austenite structure, and average grain size is 40 μm；
(2) oxide layer of the surface of steel plate after solution treatment is removed: using dilute hydrochloric acid to the hot rolled plate after solution treatment, into
Row pickling removes the oxide layer on its surface, guarantees the quality of deep cooling rolling stainless steel surface；
(3) it rolls: steel plate being subjected to the rolling of 14 passage deep coolings, total accumulative reduction ratio of cold rolling is 70%, under each passage
Rate average out to 5% carries out liquid nitrogen processing to steel plate before cold rolling per pass, is made and rolls stainless steel plate with a thickness of 1.8mm deep cooling；Its
In, the method for liquid nitrogen processing are as follows: steel plate is immersed in liquid nitrogen, the time of first time liquid nitrogen processing is 25min, at remaining liquid nitrogen
The time of reason is 10min；
Step 3, short annealing:
(1) deep cooling is rolled into stainless steel plate, at 750 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3min；
(2) the deep cooling rolling stainless steel plate after annealing is air-cooled to room temperature, nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate is made.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the present embodiment, yield strength 1020MPa, tensile strength are
1210MPa, elongation after fracture 48%；Strength and ductility product is 58080MPa%.
Nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate made from the present embodiment, microstructure be equiaxial austenite stainless structure of steel and
The permanent set martensitic structure of austenite, average grain size≤100nm are returned in non-inversion.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method that deep cooling rolling-short annealing prepares nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate, which is characterized in that including as follows
Step:
Step 1, hot rolling:
(1) by austenite stainless steel billet, at 1150~1250 DEG C, 2~4h is kept the temperature, wherein austenite stainless steel plate is 316 Ovshinskies
Body stainless steel plate, austenitic stainless steel billets with a thickness of 50~80mm, 316 austenite stainless steel plates contain ingredient
And its mass percentage are as follows: C:0.04~0.08%, Si:0.2~0.8%, Mn:1.2~2.0%, Cr:16~18%, Ni:
10.0~14%, P:0.01~0.1%, S≤0.005%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity；
(2) by the austenitic stainless steel billets after heat preservation, hot-rolling mill is tested using Φ 450mm, carries out 5~9 passage hot rollings, open rolling
Temperature is 1150~1200 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 1000~1100 DEG C, and always accumulative pushing rate is 50~90%, and subsequent water cooling is extremely
After 150~200 DEG C, it is air-cooled to room temperature, hot rolled plate is made, wherein cooling rate when water cooling is 25~35 DEG C/s, hot rolled plate
With a thickness of 5~10mm；
Step 2, deep cooling rolls:
(1) solution treatment: using JPX-8-13 chamber type electric resistance furnace, by hot rolled plate, is heated to 1020~1050 DEG C, and heat preservation 20~
After 30min, water cooling to room temperature, the steel plate after solution treatment is made, wherein the hot rolled plate after solution treatment, microscopic structure are Austria
Family name's body tissue, average grain size are 20~40 μm；
(2) it removes the oxide layer of the surface of steel plate after solution treatment: using dilute hydrochloric acid to the hot rolled plate after solution treatment, carrying out acid
It washes, removes the oxide layer on its surface, guarantee the quality of deep cooling rolling stainless steel surface；
(3) roll: steel plate carried out by deep cooling rolling using Φ 180mm duo mill, total accumulative reduction ratio of cold rolling for 40~
80%, reduction ratio per pass is 8~10%, carries out liquid nitrogen processing to steel plate before cold rolling per pass, and it is stainless that deep cooling rolling is made
Steel plate；Wherein, liquid nitrogen processing method are as follows: steel plate is immersed in liquid nitrogen, first time liquid nitrogen processing time be 20~
30min, the time of remaining liquid nitrogen processing are 5~10min；
Step 3, short annealing:
(1) deep cooling is rolled into stainless steel plate, using chamber type electric resistance furnace at 600~850 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3min；
(2) the deep cooling rolling stainless steel plate after annealing is air-cooled to room temperature, the obtained nanocrystalline austenite with a thickness of 1~6mm is not
Become rusty steel plate, wherein the yield strength of nanocrystalline austenite stainless steel plate be 956~1170MPa, tensile strength be 1130~
1380MPa, elongation after fracture are 18~52%, and strength and ductility product is 55000~58080MPa%, and microstructure is equiaxial Ovshinsky
The permanent set martensitic structure of austenite, average grain size≤100nm are returned in the stainless structure of steel of body and non-inversion.
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