CN113351013A - Sewage VOC (volatile organic compound) odor treatment method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sewage VOC (volatile organic compound) peculiar smell treatment method, which comprises the steps of reversely hanging a steel framework on a tank body through which sewage flows to meet the requirement on the span of the tank body, sealing the tank body by adopting polyester fibers as a tank body capping material on the steel framework, dividing the tank body into a homogenizing adjusting tank, a new adjusting tank, an old demulsifying tank, an oil separation adjusting tank, a comprehensive adjusting tank, a hydrolysis acidification tank and a contact oxidation tank, wherein each tank body is provided with a ventilation device, waste gas generated by the sewage passes through a tower structure, and the tower structure adopts a combined process of alkaline washing, biological filtration and photocatalytic oxidation to deodorize and purify. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for quickly reacting, further removing most of VOC (volatile organic compounds) peculiar smell and reducing the total amount of peculiar smell treatment, and has the characteristics of large treatment capacity, high efficiency, low material consumption and high automation degree.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of VOC (volatile organic compound) odor treatment, and particularly relates to a sewage VOC odor treatment method.
Background
In the industrial production process, a large amount of sewage is inevitably generated, and the sewage contains some Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) which have great influence on the human health. When the VOC in a room reaches a certain concentration, people can feel headache, nausea, vomiting, hypodynamia and the like in a short time, and can be convulsion and coma in severe cases, and the liver, the kidney, the brain and the nervous system of people can be injured, so that serious consequences such as hypomnesis are caused.
The method is an urgent technical problem to be solved for how to effectively treat the peculiar smell in the VOC, wherein the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) such as sulfide, nitrides (ammonia nitrogen), phenols, light oil, alcohols (methanol and ethanol), benzene substances and ether substances (diisopropyl ether) in the gas volatilized by water sources such as gas water, low-temperature methanol washing wastewater, methanol rectification wastewater, domestic chemical examination wastewater, accident water and the like seriously harm the surrounding environment and the body health of workers.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for treating VOC (volatile organic compound) odor in sewage, which has the advantages of large treatment capacity, high efficiency, low material consumption and high automation degree.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
a process for treating the VOC odor in sewage includes such steps as reversely hanging the sewage by steel skeleton, sealing the steel skeleton by polyester fibres, homogenizing, regulating, breaking milk, separating oil, regulating and hydrolyzing-acidifying tanks, and features that each tank has air exchanger for passing the waste gas generated by sewage through tower structure, which is pretreated by alkali washing, treated by biologic filter pool, and finally treated by photocatalytic oxidation for deodouring and purifying.
In a preferred embodiment, the polyester fiber is a fluorocarbon fiber film.
In a preferred embodiment, when the wastewater passes through the tank body, the water quality entering the new regulating tank is coal gas water (containing COD3500-5000mg/L, oil 150-: 100-150mg/l, the liquid level is 3.5-4.5m, coal gas water and wastewater containing methanol enter the comprehensive regulating tank, and the hydrolysis acidification tank enters the wastewater containing methanol and the coal gas wastewater.
In a preferred embodiment, the alkali washing pretreatment is that the filling layer flowing upwards is filled with alkali liquor, the biological filter tank treatment is provided with a front grid and a rear grid, the front grid is a pre-washing tank, and the rear grid is a biological filter tank.
More preferably, the alkali liquor is prepared by adding NaOH into an aqueous solution with the salt content TDS (total dissolved solids) of 150-200mg/L, the turbidity of 0NTU and the pH of 6.5-7.5, and the mass fraction of the NaOH is 10-20%.
Preferably, the pre-washing pool is internally provided with an alkali liquor configured by circulating desalted water, and the desalted water is an aqueous solution with TDS of 150-200mg/L, turbidity of 0NTU and pH of 6.5-7.5.
Preferably, a bacteria filter membrane for sulfuration bacteria and nitrobacteria is arranged in the biological filter.
The pre-washing tank is used for desalting water, a circulating water tank is arranged on site, and the amount of desalting water is replenished according to the liquid level of the water tank through consumption; the rear grid biological filter tank is internally provided with a filter membrane of zooglea of vulcanized bacteria and nitrobacteria, fresh sludge is periodically supplemented or redundant organisms are flushed according to the quantity of the zooglea and the thickness of the biological membrane to maintain a good treatment effect, the activity of bacteria is judged from the removal rate of in-out VOCs, and the removal rate of the biological filter tank to VOCS is between 60 and 75 percent.
In a preferred embodiment, the photocatalytic oxidation treatment is the irradiation of exhaust gas by UV ultraviolet light and the catalytic action of TiO2。
The core of the catalytic oxidation is the performance of the catalyst and the UV lamp tube, preferably based on: high efficiency catalyst, preferably TiO2Secondly, the service life and the effect of the lamp tube are preferably Heley and Philips, and in addition, the assembly efficiency of the catalyst and the UV lamp tube is also the removal rate of VOCS, namely the degradation rate of VOCs is preferably more than 20%.
In a preferred embodiment, the fresh adjusting tank, the comprehensive adjusting tank and the hydrolysis acidification tank have 5 air changes per hour.
In a preferred embodiment, the old breaker tank, the homogenizing adjustment tank and the oil removal adjustment tank are ventilated 8 times per hour.
The device for treating VOC (volatile organic compound) odor in sewage comprises an odor covered closed system, an odor pipeline conveying system, an alkaline washing treatment section, a biofilter bed, a photocatalytic oxidation system, a draught fan and an exhaust funnel, wherein odor treatment is carried out on each water tank and a hydrolysis tank through pretreatment, the water tanks are firstly sealed by reverse hanging membranes, then air is exhausted by using the draught fan under negative pressure, VOCS (volatile organic compound) gas is conveyed to each process through a glass steel pipe, namely, the VOCS gas is firstly subjected to alkaline washing pretreatment and then subjected to main treatment of the biofilter, and finally, after the photocatalytic activity treatment, the waste is conveyed into the exhaust funnel through the draught fan, and the waste is discharged through a 40m chimney up to the.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for treating the VOC odor in the sewage, disclosed by the invention, high-concentration organic matters are removed through the processes of capping and sealing the pool body, alkaline washing pretreatment, biological filter pool treatment and photocatalytic oxidation treatment, so that most of the VOC odor can be removed through rapid reaction, the total amount of odor treatment is reduced, and the VOC odor treatment result is detected stage by stage and times, so that the optimization can be carried out in real time according to the detection result, the practicability and pertinence of the method are improved, and the application range of the method is expanded. The method has the characteristics of large treatment capacity, high efficiency, low material consumption and high automation degree. The VOC odor treatment process can effectively remove VOC odor, and is high in intelligent degree, safe and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The VOC odor treatment method provided by the invention is carried out according to the flow of figure 1, and particularly, based on the characteristics of the pool of the current VOC sewage treatment system, the pool body capping and sealing process is investigated. Based on the sewage source, performing tracking detection on the VOC composition to determine the components of the VOC gas; determining a sealing material suitable for the VOC composition based on the VOC composition characteristics; and determining the characteristics of the pool suitable for the new energy based on the pool characteristics and the generated operation requirements of the VOC.
1) Cell body capping and sealing type selection and research
According to the multi-party analysis research and the outgoing investigation of project group members, the high-tension polyester fiber is used as a material for sealing, the requirement for the span of the pool body is met in a steel skeleton reverse hanging mode, and the steel structure is arranged on the outer side of the covering material film body, and a special film material (fluorocarbon fiber film) with strong corrosion resistance is contacted with water vapor in the sealed pool body, so that the steel structure can be well adapted to the corrosive environment of the sealed sewage pool.
By tracking analysis, the main components of the VOC gas are sulfide (such as hydrogen sulfide), nitride (such as ammonia nitrogen), phenols, light oil, alcohols (such as methanol and ethanol), benzene substances and ether substances (such as diisopropyl ether).
Through the deep research and analysis aiming at the east coal gasification wastewater, the VOC gas generated by the wastewater has extremely strong corrosives, the capping material made of common materials has poor durability, and meanwhile, the gravity is large, so that the project cannot be rebuilt by force. The fluorocarbon fiber membrane is used as a capping material for the tank body, so that the tank body is durable, is not easy to corrode, has small gravity and cannot increase the bearing capacity of the original device. And through project group market and industry inspection, German Miller brand or American Haidess film can be adopted.
The tanks which need to process and collect VOC are all open and have large area, and the capping design is descending under the condition that the original structure is built, so the design of the capping system must consider: (1) the influence on the original structure is reduced, and the safety and the durability of the original structure are ensured. (2) The sewage device is convenient for personnel operation and equipment maintenance, and is provided with necessary access holes, lighting windows and observation windows. (3) The collected gas contains hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and the like, and has strong corrosivity on some components, and some components are easily aged under the influence of ultraviolet rays in the open air. Therefore, phase measures are taken in the aspects of material selection, protection and the like. The membrane material of the stretch-draw membrane is a membrane material with better anti-corrosion and anti-pollution performance. (4) The requirement of the deodorization process is ensured, and the volume of the collection system is reduced as much as possible. The sealing performance is increased to reduce the leakage of odor, prevent short flow and improve the collection efficiency. And collected as far as possible at the source of the odor to improve the operating environment. (5) And the construction cost and the operation cost are reduced under the condition of ensuring the use requirement and the durability. (6) In the transformation construction process, reasonable safety measures are taken to ensure the physical health and personal safety of constructors.
2) Material selection and research of waste gas collection and conveying system
The sewage tank is divided into a homogenizing adjusting tank, a new adjusting tank, an old demulsifying tank, an oil separation adjusting tank, a comprehensive adjusting tank and a hydrolysis acidification tank. The indexes of the wastewater in each pool are shown in table 1, and in addition, each pool has a certain amount of methanol which is less than 0.1 percent and hydrogen sulfide which is less than 10mg/l, is in a liquid state and has a certain concentration after volatilization. According to the field analysis of the old demulsification tank, the oil separation regulating tank and the comprehensive regulating tank have larger volatilization, so that 8 times of ventilation per hour is designed. The volatilization volumes of the new accident pool, the homogenizing adjusting pool, the hydrolysis acidification pool and the contact oxidation pool are relatively small, so that ventilation is designed for 5 times per hour. Meanwhile, because the waste gas contains extremely high corrosion factors, the selection of a corrosion-resistant material as a conveying pipeline is very important.
TABLE 1
Through analysis research on volatile gases and consideration of environmental factors, the induced duct is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics (materials with acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, sand resistance and low temperature resistance), the collection and the transportation of VOC are most practical, and the cost performance and the corrosion resistance of the induced duct are far higher than those of conventional carbon steel and stainless steel materials; the glass fiber reinforced plastic centrifugal fan is selected for negative pressure air extraction, so that the VOC leakage caused by positive pressure can be avoided. According to the conditions of air quantity, air pressure, waste gas components, temperature, humidity and the like required by a system, an industrial variable frequency centrifugal fan (a variable frequency motor is adopted as a motor, and two control modes of industrial variable frequency are adopted as a control mode) is selected according to an air quantity/air pressure curve diagram of the fan, the noise is less than 80 decibels, the fan is selected according to the air quantity accounting for more than 110% of the air quantity, and the power is 125 kW. Specific ventilation volumes are shown in Table 2
TABLE 2
The conventional methods for treating the waste gas of the sewage station are various, such as combustion method, biological filtration method, adsorption method, oxidation method, chemical absorption method and the like. Due to the particularity of the composition of the components, the above methods have limitations; in the actual engineering, the single process is difficult to achieve the emission up to the standard, so various processes are often combined to make up for deficiencies so as to improve the cost performance of the process and ensure that the waste gas can achieve the emission up to the standard.
The alkali washing treatment equipment is used for treating corrosive or toxic soluble gas, liquid drops or particulate air pollution prevention and control equipment. The whole set of equipment is of a tower structure, and when the waste gas flows upwards through the filling layer after entering the bottom of the washing tower, alkali liquor is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the filling material from the spray nozzle to keep moist; meanwhile, the waste gas and the alkali liquor are contacted with each other on the fully wet surface of the filler, and the alkali liquor is dissolved in the desalted water so that the mass fraction of the caustic soda flakes (sodium hydroxide) is 15%. The desalted water has a salt content (NaCl) of 150-. Under the chemical absorption action, the acidic gas containing sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide in the waste gas is absorbed in the washing liquid, so that the purpose of removing acidic pollutants is achieved.
The biological filtration process adopts an integrated biological deodorization device which is divided into a front lattice and a rear lattice, wherein the front lattice is a pre-washing tank, and the rear lattice is a biological filter tank. The mixed gas is firstly humidified and dedusted through a prewashing tank, most of water-soluble gas such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas is removed, and the toxic action on microorganisms in the biological filter is reduced, wherein the prewashing tank is specifically desalted water which contains 150-200mg/L TDS and 0NTU turbidity and is pH 6.5-7.5. Then the waste gas passes through a biological filter tank, a filter membrane containing zooglea such as sulfuration bacteria, nitrobacteria and the like is arranged in the biological filter tank, the waste gas is contacted with microorganisms attached to the filter membrane, and the microorganisms complete the absorption of malodorous components in the mixed gas through the biochemical reaction of the microorganisms, so as to convert the malodorous components into carbon dioxide, water and substances for maintaining the metabolism of the organisms. Need to be supplemented periodicallyFresh sludge or excess organism is washed, and the daily water supplement amount is about 2.5m3To maintain good treatment effect, the activity of bacteria is judged to come from the removal rate of VOCs in and out, and the removal rate of VOCS by the biological filter is 70%.
The advanced treatment section behind the outlet of the biological filter is provided with a special UV ultraviolet lamp and a high-efficiency catalyst TiO2Specifically, the high-energy high-ozone UV light beam can be used for irradiating the waste gas by adopting a UV lamp tube of Heley or Philips, and the industrial waste gas such as: ammonia, trimethylamine, hydrogen sulfide, methylthiohydrogen, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, dimethyldisulfide, carbon disulfide and styrene, sulfide H2S, VOC, benzene, toluene, and xylene molecular chain structure, which can degrade organic or inorganic polymer molecule chain of malodorous compound under irradiation of high-energy ultraviolet beam to convert into low-molecular compound, such as CO2、H2O, and the like. The overall removal efficiency of VOCs is 90%; the ammonia gas in the exhaust funnel is 0mg/L, and the hydrogen sulfide is 3m3/L。
In conclusion, the method of the invention removes the high-concentration components such as sulfide (such as hydrogen sulfide), nitride (such as ammonia nitrogen), phenols, light oil, alcohols (such as methanol and ethanol), benzene substances, ether substances (such as diisopropyl ether) and the like in the gas volatilized from water sources such as sewage treatment device pretreatment and biochemical system source gas water, low-temperature methanol washing wastewater, methanol rectification wastewater, domestic chemical examination wastewater, accident water and the like in the VOC odor by the methods of alkali washing pretreatment, biological filter tank treatment and photocatalytic oxidation treatment cleaning, and reduces the pollutant treatment amount. The free radicals are generated through reaction and can rapidly react with the waste gas to remove most of VOC odor. By providing the electron irradiation tube, the applicability and pertinence of the VOC odor treatment method are enhanced by correspondingly treating the energy of electrons of the required organic matters, the defects that the requirement of the traditional process and the tungsten filament lamp core need to be replaced frequently are overcome, and the later maintenance cost is saved. By detecting the VOC odor treatment result in stages and times, the treated VOC odor can be treated differently in real time according to the detection result, namely the removal effect is judged by detecting the degradation rate of the pre-treatment, the main treatment and the advanced treatment of the VOCs; the method mainly depends on measures of controlling the pH value of the alkaline washing pretreatment, the amount of the main-treatment biological mud, whether the deep UV lamp tube is normally put into operation and the like, improves the practicability and pertinence of the method, and simultaneously enlarges the application range of the method.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art can change or modify the technical content disclosed above into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A sewage VOC peculiar smell treatment method is characterized in that the requirement for the span of a pool body is realized by reversely hanging a steel skeleton on the pool body through which sewage flows, the pool body is sealed by adopting polyester fiber as a pool body capping material on the steel skeleton, the pool body is divided into a homogenizing adjusting pool, a new adjusting pool, an old demulsifying pool, an oil separation adjusting pool, a comprehensive adjusting pool and a hydrolysis acidification pool, each pool body is provided with a ventilation device, waste gas generated by the sewage passes through a tower structure, the tower structure adopts alkali washing pretreatment, then passes through a biological filter pool for treatment, and finally, the deodorization and purification are performed through the combined treatment of photocatalytic oxidation treatment.
2. A method of VOC odor treatment of sewage according to claim 1, wherein the polyester fiber is a fluorocarbon fiber film.
3. A sewage VOC odor control treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said alkali washing pretreatment is characterized in that the upward flowing filling layer is filled with alkali liquor for continuous spraying, said biological filter tank treatment is provided with a front grid and a rear grid, the front grid is a pre-washing tank, and the rear grid is a biological filter tank.
4. The method for treating VOC (volatile organic compound) odor in sewage as claimed in claim 3, wherein the alkali solution is prepared by adding NaOH into an aqueous solution containing TDS of 150-200mg/L, turbidity of 0NTU and pH of 6.5-7.5, and the mass fraction of NaOH is 10-20%.
5. The method for treating VOC odor in sewage of claim 3, wherein said pre-washing tank contains an aqueous solution with TDS of 150-200mg/L, turbidity of 0NTU, pH of 6.5-7.5.
6. A wastewater VOC odor treatment method according to claim 3, wherein said biofilter is a filter membrane provided with sulfurous bacteria and nitrifying bacteria.
7. A method for treating VOC odor in sewage as claimed in claim 1, wherein said photocatalytic oxidation treatment is carried out by irradiating exhaust gas with UV ultraviolet light and using TiO as catalyst2。
8. A method for treating VOC odor of sewage according to claim 1, wherein the number of air changes per hour is 5 for each of the fresh adjusting tank, the integrated adjusting tank and the hydrolysis-acidification tank.
9. A method for VOC odor treatment of sewage according to claim 1, wherein the number of air changes per hour is 8 for the old demulsifying pond, the homogenizing adjusting pond and the oil-separating adjusting pond.
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2021
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| CN210057868U (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-02-14 | 东莞理文造纸厂有限公司 | Deodorization system of primary settling tank of papermaking sewage station |
| CN110711485A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-21 | 广州紫科环保科技股份有限公司 | Waste gas purification device for sewage treatment station of sterile raw material medicine production line |
| CN211864515U (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-11-06 | 中煤紫光湖北环保科技有限公司 | Biological filter gas deodorization device of sewage treatment system |
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Application publication date: 20210907 |