CN113350282B - 一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法 - Google Patents

一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法 Download PDF

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CN113350282B
CN113350282B CN202110576986.7A CN202110576986A CN113350282B CN 113350282 B CN113350282 B CN 113350282B CN 202110576986 A CN202110576986 A CN 202110576986A CN 113350282 B CN113350282 B CN 113350282B
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李杨
胡淼
刘冠男
杜晓倩
闫世长
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法,属于生物活性物质传递系统制备技术领域。本发明解决了现有乳液递送系统在酸性条件时易导致蛋白质聚集,乳液出现桥连絮凝等问题。本发明通过静电层层沉积技术在双层乳液表面沉积带负电荷及其在酸性条件下稳定存在的岩藻多糖,形成一种酸稳定抗氧化的“正‑负‑负”胶体传递系统,解决乳液在环境压力下桥连絮凝的问题,以及改善槲皮素递送系统在酸性条件下的稳定性,提高槲皮素的包封效率以及储藏期。

Description

一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法,属于生物活性物质传递系统制备技术领域。
背景技术
槲皮素(3,5,7,3’,4’-五羟基黄酮)属黄酮类化合物,由三个芳香环组成,其骨架结构上3,5,7,3’,4’位的氢原子被羟基取代形成五羟基黄酮,广泛存在于水果、蔬菜和坚果中。槲皮素对诸多慢性疾病具有预防作用,这与其生理活性密切相关,如抗氧化,抗炎症,抗癌以及抗动脉硬化等。但由于槲皮素水溶性差、化学稳定性差、在生理运输过程中代谢降解率高、代谢最终产物活性不高,以及相应的生物利用度低,因此在功能性食品中加入槲皮素面临诸多挑战。
近年来,研究人员以蛋白质为原料制备了不同的胶体递送系统,例如,常规乳液、Pickering乳液、纳米乳液、双层乳液等来保护和递送槲皮素。在常规乳液等递送系统中,在酸性条件时的pH接近于蛋白质的等电点,会导致蛋白质聚集,乳液出现桥连絮凝。由于胃液呈酸性,因此传统的递送系统包封的生物活性物质,易在胃液中释放,生物利用率低。
双层乳液是通过带有相反电荷的聚电解质经过层层静电自组装技术制得的一种新型乳液,当在单层乳液表面添加不足或者过量的多糖时往往会导致乳液桥连絮凝,影响胶体传递系统的稳定性;其次双层乳液容易受到外界环境的影响,其在不同外界环境的刺激下的稳定性差。
因此,提供一种可以改善槲皮素递送系统在酸性条件下的稳定性,提高槲皮素的包封效率以及储藏期的胶体传递系统是十分必要的。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有上述现有技术的不足,提供一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法。
本发明的技术方案:
一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1,将槲皮素溶于无水乙醇中,然后加入玉米油,加热使乙醇蒸发,最终使槲皮素在玉米油中的浓度为1~5mg/mL;
步骤2,将浓度为5mg/mL的大豆分离蛋白溶液与步骤1获得的槲皮素玉米油溶液混合,在10000-12000rpm转速高速剪切处理2min,然后在80-100Bar的压力下均质处理两次,获得稳定的单层纳米乳液;
步骤3,向步骤2获得的单层纳米乳液中加入浓度为10mg/mL的海藻酸钠水溶液,混合搅拌10min后,调节pH值为4,使带负电的海藻酸钠沉积在纳米乳液表面形成双层乳液;
步骤4,向步骤3获得的双层乳液中加入浓度为10mg/mL的岩藻多糖溶液,混合搅拌10min,使岩藻多糖在双层乳液表面形成胶体递送系统。
进一步限定,步骤2中大豆分离蛋白溶液和槲皮素玉米油溶液按照体积比为9:1的比例混合。
进一步限定,步骤3中双层乳液与海藻酸钠水溶液按照体积比为1:2、1:1或2:1的比例混合。
进一步限定,步骤4中岩藻多糖溶液的pH值为2、3或4。
进一步限定,步骤4中双层乳液与岩藻多糖溶液以体积比为1:2、1:1或2:1的比例混合。
进一步限定,骤4中岩藻多糖溶液的pH值为4,双层乳液与岩藻多糖溶液以体积比为1:1的比例混合。
本发明具有以下有益效果:本发明通过静电层层沉积技术在双层乳液表面沉积带负电荷及其在酸性条件下稳定存在的岩藻多糖,形成一种酸稳定抗氧化的“正-负-负”胶体传递系统,解决乳液在环境压力下桥连絮凝的问题,以及改善槲皮素递送系统在酸性条件下的稳定性,提高槲皮素的包封效率以及储藏期。此外,本申请将水溶性极好几乎没有乳化性的岩藻多糖,通过修饰蛋白质使其能够运用于乳液递送系统中,有效利用了其抗凝血、抗肿瘤、抗血栓、抗病毒、抗氧化和增强机体免疫机能等特点,并将其带负电的性质运用于静电层层沉积技术乳液递送系统的开发,为胶体传递系统的制备提供了新思路。
附图说明
图1为实施例1运用层层静电沉积技术构建酸稳定抗氧化的“正-负-负”(PNN)槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的流程图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明均为常规方法。所用材料、试剂、方法和仪器,未经特殊说明,均为本领域常规材料、试剂、方法和仪器,本领域技术人员均可通过商业渠道获得。
且下述实施例中有关测试方法的说明如下:
测定槲皮素的包封率:运用高效液相色谱的方法测定槲皮素的包封率;
测定氧化稳定性:运用固相微萃取与气质联用相结合的方法测定传递系统储存10天后的乙醛浓度(ppm),运用乙醛浓度来表示每个传递系统的氧化稳定性。
实施例1:
本实施例运用层层静电沉积技术酸稳定抗氧化的“正-负-负”(PNN)槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的制备方法,该方法包括一下步骤:
(1)将槲皮素溶于无水乙醇中,然后将溶有槲皮素的无水乙醇加入到一定量的玉米油中使乙醇蒸发,最终确定槲皮素在玉米油中浓度为5mg/mL;
(2)将浓度为5mg/mL的大豆分离蛋白溶液与步骤(1)获得的槲皮素玉米油溶液混合,其中大豆分离蛋白溶液和槲皮素玉米油溶液按照体积比为9:1的比例混合,然后在12000rpm转速高速剪切处理2min,然后在100Bar的压力下均质处理两次,获得稳定的单层纳米乳液;
(3)配制浓度为10mg/mL的海藻酸钠水溶液,向步骤(2)获得的单层纳米乳液中加入浓度为10mg/mL的海藻酸钠水溶液,其中单层乳液与海藻酸钠水溶液按照体积比为1:1的比例混合,混合搅拌10min后,调节pH值为4,使带负电的海藻酸钠沉积在纳米乳液表面形成双层乳液;
(4)配制10 mg/mL的岩藻多糖溶液(pH为4),向步骤(3)获得的双层乳液中加入浓度为10mg/mL的岩藻多糖溶液,其中双层乳液与岩藻多糖溶液以体积比为1:1的比例混合,混合搅拌10min,使岩藻多糖在双层乳液表面形成PNN胶体递送系统,获得的胶体递送系统为“正-负-负”(PNN)槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统,其中包含2.5mg/mL槲皮素的玉米油,5mg/mL的大豆分离蛋白,5mg/mL的海藻酸钠和5mg/mL的岩藻多糖);
包封率测试:采用0.1M HCl和0.1M NaOH调节不同步骤获得的传递系统(单层乳液、双层乳液和PNN胶体传递系统)pH分别为3,5和7,测试获得槲皮素的包封效率如下表所示。
单层乳液 双层乳液 PNN胶体传递系统
pH=3 58.44% 88.43% 93.24%
pH=5 75.43% 83.57% 80.56%
pH=7 87.06% 76.07 30.87%
由上表可知,单层乳液在酸性条件下的包封率低于其他来两种传递系统,原因是在酸性条件下,接近于蛋白等电点,蛋白聚集导致乳液絮凝不稳定;利用层层静电自组装技术构建的PNN胶体传递系统在酸性条件(pH=3、5)下比单层乳液和双层乳液有更高的包封率,证明此传递系统在酸性条件性稳定。
氧化稳定性测试:采用0.1M HCl和0.1M NaOH调节不同步骤获得的传递系统(单层乳液、双层乳液和PNN胶体传递系统)的pH分别为3,5和7,黑暗条件下储藏10天后,以乙醛浓度(ppm)作为表征氧化稳定性的指标,测定结果如下表所示。
单层乳液 双层乳液 PNN胶体传递系统
pH=3 65.24 2.07 1.87
pH=5 81.86 43.57 20.67
pH=7 27.06 48.07 18.04
由上表可知,单层乳液在中性条件下储藏10天后的乙醛浓度小于双层乳液和PNN胶体传递系统,这是因为单层乳液在中性条件下稳定,提高了其氧化稳定性;PNN胶体传递系统在所有条件下乙醛浓度都很低,尤其是在pH=3的条件下,这是因为岩藻多糖的加入提高了传递系统的抗氧化性,PNN胶体传递系统的形成条件为酸性,因此在酸性条件下的氧化稳定性更好,证明岩藻多糖的加入提高了此传递系统的氧化稳定性。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

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1.一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法,其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1,将槲皮素溶于无水乙醇中,然后加入玉米油,加热使乙醇蒸发,最终使槲皮素在玉米油中的浓度为1~5mg/mL;
步骤2,将浓度为5mg/mL的大豆分离蛋白溶液与步骤1获得的槲皮素玉米油溶液混合,在10000-12000rpm转速高速剪切处理2min,然后在80-100Bar的压力下均质处理两次,获得稳定的单层纳米乳液;
步骤3,向步骤2获得的单层纳米乳液中加入浓度为10mg/mL的海藻酸钠水溶液,混合搅拌10min后,调节pH值为4,使带负电的海藻酸钠沉积在纳米乳液表面形成双层乳液;
步骤4,向步骤3获得的双层乳液中加入浓度为10mg/mL的岩藻多糖溶液,混合搅拌10min,使岩藻多糖在双层乳液表面形成胶体递送系统。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤2中大豆分离蛋白溶液和槲皮素玉米油溶液按照体积比为9:1的比例混合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤3中单层乳液与海藻酸钠水溶液按照体积比为1:2、1:1或2:1的比例混合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤4中岩藻多糖溶液的pH值为2、3或4。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤4中双层乳液与岩藻多糖溶液以体积比为1:2、1:1或2:1的比例混合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种构建酸稳定抗氧化的槲皮素靶向胶体传递系统的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤4中岩藻多糖溶液的pH值为4,双层乳液与岩藻多糖溶液以体积比为1:1的比例混合。
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