CN113349965B

CN113349965B - Implant body for maintaining bone height

Info

Publication number: CN113349965B
Application number: CN202010147887.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋欣泉; 张文杰; 殷实; 孙宁佳
Original assignee: Ninth Peoples Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
Current assignee: Ninth Peoples Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
Priority date: 2020-03-05
Filing date: 2020-03-05
Publication date: 2023-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-05
Also published as: CN113349965A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to an implant body for maintaining bone height. The invention provides an implant body for maintaining bone height, which comprises a body, wherein a plurality of pore canals are arranged on the side wall of the body, and the pore diameter of each pore canal is less than or equal to 750 mu m. The implant body and the oral implant constructed by the implant body provided by the invention have the advantages of simple structure and low manufacturing cost, the oral implant with the pore canal structure gives the ingrowth space of new bone tissue, maintains the bone height around the implant body, promotes the bone tissue around the implant body to perform rapid and good osseointegration, and ensures that the implanted implant body has good initial stability and better success rate.

Description

Implant body for maintaining bone height

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to an implant body for maintaining bone height.

Background

The implant is one of the restoration modes of the missing teeth, and is more and more popular with doctors and patients due to the characteristics of safety, effectiveness, attractive appearance, comfort and the like. However, the implant is not permanent, and is attached to the support of the alveolar bone and the jawbone like the natural teeth, and the situation of bone absorption at the edge of the implant is unavoidable, so that peri-implant inflammation accelerates the process, and along with the absorption of bone tissues around the implant, the implant can loose and fall off and finally fails; bone resorption around implants has also been used as one of the important criteria for success of implantation (bone resorption in the vertical direction is not more than 1/3 of the length of the implant inside the bone at the completion of the implantation procedure). Therefore, the reduction of the bone resorption at the edge of the implant and the maintenance of the vertical bone height are significant for prolonging the service life of the implant. At present, edge bone resorption is often reduced through adjustment of different cervical bio-seals, thread designs and the like, but the existing bone resorption control effect cannot completely meet clinical demands and lacks more regulation and control means and further optimization strategies.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-described drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an implant for maintaining bone height, which solves the problems of the prior art.

To achieve the above and other related objects, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an implant body for maintaining bone height, comprising a body, wherein a plurality of holes are formed in a sidewall of the body, and the hole diameter of the holes is less than or equal to 750 μm.

In some embodiments of the invention, the body is cylindrical in shape, preferably the body is cylindrical in shape.

In some embodiments of the invention, the area ratio of the pore canal on the side wall of the body is less than or equal to 30%.

In some embodiments of the invention, the tunnel extends through the body.

In some embodiments of the invention, the cells are cross-distributed across the cross-section of the body.

In some embodiments of the invention, the tunnel extends straight across the cross-section of the body.

In some embodiments of the invention, the spacing between the cross-distributed cell structures in the axial direction of the body is 1-2 mm.

In some embodiments of the invention, the material of the body is a 3D printed material.

In another aspect the invention provides the use of an implant body for maintaining bone height as described in the manufacture of an oral implant for maintaining bone height.

In another aspect, the present invention provides an oral implant comprising the implant body for maintaining bone height, and further comprising a foundation pile connected to the implant body.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an implant body according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-section of an implant body according to the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a process for preparing titanium powder by 3D laser melt printing of the cross-tunnel dental implant of the present invention.

Figure 4 shows a schematic view of an oral implant of three sizes of cross-tunnel in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the operation process of implanting the oral implants with different pore diameters and pore channel structures into mandible of dogs in example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 shows the reconstructed measurement results of Micro-CT scan after 3 months after implanting the oral implants with different apertures in the cross-hole canal of the canine mandible in example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a graph showing the vertical decrease in bone tissue height around each group of oral implants after 3 months after the oral implants with different apertures were implanted in the mandible of dogs in example 2 of the present invention.

Description of element reference numerals

1. Body

2. Duct channel

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous technical effects of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the disclosure of the present specification.

The first aspect of the present invention provides an implant body for maintaining bone height, comprising a body 1, wherein a plurality of pores 2 can be arranged on the side wall of the body 1, and the pore diameter of the pores 2 is less than or equal to 750 μm. The implant body is typically the portion of an oral implant (e.g., a dental implant) that is implanted into human tissue. The side wall of the implant body provided by the invention can be provided with the pore canal, so that the pore canal structure modification can be formed, the induction effect of the implant body or the oral implant constructed by the implant body on the peripheral bone tissue can be effectively increased, mesenchymal stem cells can be induced to gather, grow in and differentiate into bone cells in early stage, and finally mature bone tissue is formed in the pore canal, thereby maintaining the height of the bone tissue around the implant, inducing the rapid osseointegration of the peripheral bone tissue, reserving the bone tissue at the edge of the implant to the maximum extent, and improving the dental implant restoration success rate.

In the implant body for maintaining bone height according to the present invention, the body 1 may have various shapes suitable for constructing a body of an oral implant in the art, for example, the body 1 may extend generally in a certain direction, preferably in a straight line, so that a cylindrical structure may be formed. In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the body may have a cylindrical shape, and the length of the body in the axial direction may be 1 to 10mm, 1 to 2mm, 2 to 4mm, 4 to 6mm, 6 to 8mm, or 8 to 10mm, and the diameter of the cross section may be 2 to 5mm, 2 to 3mm, 3 to 4mm, or 4 to 5mm.

In the implant body for maintaining bone height provided by the invention, the side wall of the body 1 is usually required to be provided with the pore canal 2 with a certain aperture and proportion, so that the retention degree of bone tissues around the oral implant can be improved. For example, the pore diameter of the pore canal 2 may be micro-nano level, the pore diameter is usually less than or equal to 750 μm, 750 μm to 700 μm, 700 μm to 650 μm, 650 μm to 600 μm, 600 μm to 550 μm, 550 μm to 500 μm, 500 μm to 450 μm, 450 μm to 400 μm, or less, as compared with the oral implant with a pore canal structure, the oral implant with a pore canal structure has good bone tissue ingrowth after implantation, bone tissue height around the implant is more preserved, osseointegration condition is good, initial stability of the oral implant is good, hard tissue slicing results show that bone tissue around the oral implant with a pore canal structure has new bone tissue ingrowth, relatively speaking, bone tissue around the oral implant with a pore canal structure with 750 μm has more preservation, vertical bone height drop is less, and group new bone ingrowth is more, and vertical bone height drop of 0.2cm, 0.18cm, 0.16cm, 0.14cm, 0.12cm, or 0.12 cm. For another example, the area ratio of the pore canal 2 can be less than or equal to 30 percent, 30 to 29 percent, 29 to 28 percent, 28 to 27 percent, 27 to 26 percent, 26 to 25 percent, 25 to 24 percent, 24 to 23 percent, 23 to 22 percent, 22 to 21 percent, 21 to 20 percent or less, and the pore canal area with proper ratio can induce the recruitment and differentiation of liver cells to the maximum extent, thereby solving the problems of poor osteogenesis capacity and low osteogenesis speed of the alveolar ridge crest and ensuring the maximum reservation of the alveolar ridge height.

In the implant body for maintaining bone height provided by the invention, the pore canal 2 may or may not penetrate through the body 1. Generally, when the duct 2 penetrates the body 1, it is convenient to clean the inflamed tissues, which are usually caused by peri-implant inflammation, and the inflamed tissues generally grow into the duct structure, so that the duct structure penetrating the body 1 can facilitate cleaning the inflamed tissues. The duct 2 may be of various shapes, in general, the duct 2 may extend straight on the cross section of the body 1, and a plurality of ducts 2 may be disposed on a single cross section, and the plurality of ducts 2 may be distributed across the cross section of the body 1, so as to further facilitate cleaning of inflamed tissues. In an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the channels 2 are distributed crosswise on the cross section of the body 1. In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the interval between the structures of the cross-shaped distribution channels 2 is 1 to 2mm, 1 to 1.2mm, 1.2 to 1.4mm, 1.4 to 1.6mm, 1.6 to 1.8mm, or 1.8 to 2mm (i.e., the distance between the sections where the center points of the adjacent cross-shaped distribution channels are located) in the axial direction of the body 1, so that sufficient space ingrowth of bone tissue can be given.

In the implant part for maintaining bone height provided by the invention, a person skilled in the art can use a suitable method to prepare the implant part, for example, a 3D printing technology can be adopted, and more particularly, a laser selective melting additive manufacturing process can be adopted. The material used for preparing the body 1 may be a material generally suitable for 3D printing, and may be used for preparing an oral implant, and the kind of these materials should be known to those skilled in the art, and may be, for example, a metal material (e.g., ti metal or alloy, etc.), a ceramic material, a carbon material, a polymer material, etc.

A second aspect of the invention provides the use of an implant part for maintaining bone height as provided in the first aspect of the invention for the manufacture of an oral implant for maintaining bone height. In the present invention, the oral implant is also called a dental implant, an artificial tooth root, etc., and is a device for implanting the oral implant into the upper and lower jawbone of a tooth-missing part of a human body in a surgical operation mode, and installing an artificial denture on the upper part of the oral implant after the surgical wound is healed. Generally, the oral implant may include an implant body and may further include a foundation post connected to the implant body, the foundation post being generally the portion of the cavity implant exposed to the mucosa to provide support, retention and stabilization for the prosthetic appliance of its superstructure.

A third aspect of the present invention provides an oral implant for maintaining bone height, comprising the implant part for maintaining bone height provided in the first aspect of the present invention, and further comprising a foundation pile connected to the implant part. The foundation pile is typically the portion of the oral implant (e.g., dental implant) exposed outside the mucosa, providing support, retention and stabilization for the prosthetic denture of its superstructure. The foundation pile and the implant body can be connected through a neck.

The implant body and the oral implant constructed by the implant body provided by the invention have the advantages of simple structure and low manufacturing cost, the oral implant with the pore canal structure gives the ingrowth space of new bone tissue, maintains the bone height around the implant body, promotes the bone tissue around the implant body to perform rapid and good osseointegration, and ensures that the implanted implant body has good initial stability and better success rate. Meanwhile, the design of the porous structure is convenient for cleaning the in-growth of inflammatory tissues caused by peri-implant inflammation, and timely removing the stimulation factors to block the development of peri-implant inflammation.

The invention of the present application is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

Example 1

Construction of an oral implant:

by establishing a three-dimensional model of the cross-channel oral implant and planning a scanning path, carrying out layer-by-layer powder spreading on metal titanium powder through a laser selective melting additive manufacturing process, carrying out layer-by-layer melting superposition printing, and finally obtaining the cross-channel oral implant with the aperture of 0um (i.e. a non-porous structure), 500um and 750um, wherein a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the 3D laser melting printing titanium powder is shown in figure 3. The schematic diagrams of the prepared oral implants with the cross-shaped pore canals with different apertures are shown in figure 4, the three oral implants are all cylindrical, the length is 1cm, the diameter of the section is 2mm, the adjacent cross-shaped pore canals are distributed on the oral implant with the cross-shaped pore canals, and the interval between the adjacent cross-shaped pore canals is 1mm.

Example 2

9 dogs were randomly divided into 3 groups of 3, each of 0um channel group, 500um channel group and 750um channel group. After the first premolars, the second premolars, the third premolars and the fourth premolars of each dog are reconstructed and stabilized, the crisscross pipeline oral implants with the pipe diameters of 0um, 500um and 750um are respectively implanted, and two identical oral implants are implanted in each dog, wherein the specific experimental steps are shown in figure 5. 3 months later, the materials are obtained, and after the materials are obtained, the samples are subjected to Micro-CT scanning, the pore diameters of the oral implant are 500um and 750um, the vertical bone heights of the peripheral edges of the implant are kept more than those of the oral implant with no pore diameter, the bone tissue grows into the pore structure, the cross pipeline structure is penetrated, the bone integration process around the implant is accelerated, the initial stability of the oral implant after implantation is improved, and an exemplary scanning result diagram is shown in figure 6.

The amount of vertical decrease in bone tissue height around each group of oral implants was further calculated from the Micro-CT scan, and the specific results are shown in fig. 7. In fig. 7, the left graph is a schematic diagram of a calculation method (the unit of the upper left scale is millimeter), wherein the implant is an oral implant, B represents the buccal side of the implant, L represents the lingual side of the implant, the vertical reduction amount of the bone tissue height is the distance from the lowest part of the surrounding bone tissue to the top of the oral implant in the axial direction of the oral implant, the right graph is the vertical reduction amount of the average bone tissue height of each group, and the retention effect of the oral implant with the pipe diameter of 750um on the bone height around the implant is better than that of the control group and the group with the pipe diameter of 500um through measurement statistics, and the oral implant has statistical significance.

In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utility value.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An implant body for maintaining bone height, characterized by comprising a body (1), wherein the body (1) is cylindrical in shape, a plurality of pore channels (2) are arranged on the side wall of the body (1), the cross section of each pore channel (2) is circular, and the pore diameter of each pore channel (2) is 750 mu m; the area ratio of the pore channel (2) on the side wall of the body (1) is less than or equal to 30%;

the pore canal (2) penetrates through the body part body (1);

the pore channels (2) are distributed in a crisscross manner on the cross section of the body part body (1);

the pore canal (2) extends on the cross section of the body part body (1) in a straight line, and the interval between the pore canal (2) structures distributed in a cross manner is 1-2 mm in the axial direction of the body part body (1).

2. Implant body for maintaining bone height according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the body (1) is a 3D printed material.

3. Use of an implant part for maintaining bone height according to claim 1 or claim 2 for the preparation of an oral implant for maintaining bone height.

4. An oral implant comprising the implant body for maintaining bone height of claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising a foundation post connected to the implant body.