KR102442361B1 - Implant Having Multi-Support Structure - Google Patents

Abstract

An implant according to the present invention comprises: a root implantation unit (10) implanted where the tooth root was located in the alveolar bone (1); and a cover implantation unit (20) integrally formed on the upper part of the root implantation unit (10), and partially implanted from the upper surface of the alveolar bone (1) into the alveolar bone (1) while covering the upper surface of the alveolar bone (1). An objective of the present invention is to provide an implant capable of providing multiple supports so as to withstand occlusal force.

Description

Implant Having Multi-Support Structure

The present invention relates to a dental implant having multiple support structures.

Currently, almost all implant fixtures have a structure that forms a helical thread, and rotates the fixture and inserts it into the alveolar bone. The main reason not to deviate from this rotational insertion method is that strong support to withstand the occlusal force can be obtained due to the helical thread of the fixture. However, the rotational insertion method in the conventional implant involves various limitations, and in particular, only a single fixture having a symmetrical shape can be configured.

And, according to the conventional implant, in the process of implanting the fixture in the alveolar bone, perforation of the maxillary sinus of the fixture occurs or a problem that the fixture falls into a weak bone sometimes occurs.

In addition, according to the conventional implant, food is easily caught in the space between the teeth, and if oral care is neglected, there is a problem that the lifespan of the implant is shortened because there is a high possibility of bacteria penetrating into the fixture. In particular, when implantation is performed on a patient whose height of alveolar bone is lowered due to destruction of alveolar bone, these problems may be further exacerbated.

An object of the present invention is to provide an implant capable of providing multiple supports capable of withstanding occlusal force, and thus an implant that does not need to form a helical thread.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an implant capable of preventing the problem of perforation of the maxillary sinus or falling into the weak bone during the implantation process.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an implant that can significantly reduce the possibility of bacterial penetration.

The implant according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a root implantation unit 10 to be placed where the root was located in the alveolar bone (1); and a cover implantation part which is integrally configured on the upper part of the root implantation part 10 and is partially implanted into the alveolar bone 1 from the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1 while covering the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1 ( 20);

An implant according to an aspect of the present invention includes: two root implantation units 10; 10-1, 10-2 that are respectively placed where two root roots of a single tooth were located in the alveolar bone 1; And the two root implantation part 10 is integrally configured on the upper part and while covering the upper surface of the alveolar bone (1), the cover is placed in part from the upper surface of the alveolar bone (1) into the alveolar bone (1). Part (20); characterized in that it is configured to include.

The implant according to an aspect of the present invention comprises: three root implantation units (10; 10-3, 10-4 10-5) which are respectively placed where three roots of a single tooth were located in the alveolar bone (1); and a cover implantation that is integrally configured on the upper part of the three root implantation parts 10 and is partially implanted into the alveolar bone 1 from the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1 while covering the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1 Part (20); characterized in that it is configured to include.

In the above-described implant, in the center between the three root implantation units (10; 10-3, 10-4 10-5), one end of the rod-shaped guide extends downward from the lower side of the cover implantation unit (20). It may further include a ding post (Guiding Post).

In the above-described implant, the cover implantation unit 20 is a disk-shaped integrally coupled to the upper portion of the root implantation unit 10, and a wing plate dispersing the occlusal force by transmitting the occlusal force to the upper surface of the alveolar bone (1) ( 21); and a cylindrical cylinder blade 22 extending vertically from the edge of the wing plate 21 , wherein the cylinder blade 22 is implanted into the alveolar bone 1 from the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1 . can be

In the aforementioned implant, a plurality of models having different thicknesses of the wing plate 21 are provided, and as the degree of loss of alveolar bone increases, a model having a thicker thickness of the wing plate 21 may be selected.

In the above-described implant, at least the upper surface of the wing plate 21 is highly polished, and a circular trench 21a is provided on the lower surface of the wing plate 21 so that the bone of the upper surface of the alveolar bone grows and fills. can make it happen

In the above-described implant, the side of the wing plate 21 may be filled with artificial bones as much as the height of the wing plate 21 .

In the above implant, a dedicated bur 60 is used to form a space in which the cylinder blade 22 is to be implanted in the alveolar bone, and the dedicated bur 60 is, A cylindrical grinding unit 62 having a cylindrical shape may be provided.

In the above-described implant, the root implantation unit 10,

Column-shaped body 11; and a plurality of vertical blades 12 integrally coupled to the outer circumferential surface of the body 11 and having a blade shape extending in the longitudinal direction.

In the above-described implant, the root implantation part 10 protrudes from the body 11 but at a height lower than the vertical blade 12, and extends in the lateral direction between the adjacent vertical blades 12. It further comprises a stop bar (13); and, in the longitudinal direction of the root installation part (10), a plurality of the stop bars (13) may be disposed at intervals.

In the above-described implant, the upper part of the cover placement part 20 is integrally configured, and the crown coupling part is provided with a retention hole (Retention Hile) 30a for coupling with the crown 50 and the lower part is closed. (30); may be further provided.

The implant according to an aspect of the present invention can provide multiple supports capable of withstanding occlusal force, and thus has the advantage of not having to form a helical thread.

In addition, the implant according to an aspect of the present invention has the advantage of preventing the problem of perforation of the maxillary sinus or falling into the weak bone during the implantation process.

In addition, the implant according to an aspect of the present invention has the advantage of significantly reducing the possibility of penetration of bacteria.

In addition, advantages not described above may be added or made clearer through the following 'specific description for carrying out the invention'.

1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of an implant according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along part 1A-1A of FIG. 1 .
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2A-2A of FIG. 2 .
4 and 5 show the situation after the operation using the implant according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
6 shows an implant according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
7 shows an implant according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a partial cut-away view showing a dedicated bur (Bur) 60 for forming or trimming a space in which the cylinder blade of the present invention will be implanted, for convenience of understanding.

1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of an implant according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along part 1A-1A of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along 2A-2A of FIG. to be. 4 and 5 show the situation after the operation using the implant according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

The implant according to the first embodiment of the present invention is configured to include a root implantation portion 10, a cover placement portion 20 and a crown coupling portion (30).

The root implantation part 10 is to be placed where the tooth root was located in the alveolar bone 1, and the upper part is integrally coupled with the cover implantation part 20 (one body) and then extended downward, and various components on the surface , but it is roughly columnar, and the tip is tapered at the lower part to have a pointed shape.

The root installation part 10 constitutes a vertical blade 12 and a stop bar 13 on the outer peripheral surface of the body 11 which is tapered from the lower part. The vertical blade 12 is integrally (one body) coupled to the outer circumferential surface of the body 11 , has a blade shape extending in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality (plural) is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the body 11 . 2, the vertical blade 12 in cross section has a sharp triangular pyramid shape as it goes away from the body, and forms a space between the adjacent vertical blades 12, but partially in the space with a stop bar (13) is formed.

Referring to FIG. 3 , in the longitudinal section, the vertical blade 12 extends downwardly, but the outer diameter formed by the entire vertical plate 12 at least in the lower portion has a shape that becomes smaller as it goes down.

The root implantation unit 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention does not form a helical thread, and therefore, there is no need to rotate and place the implant during the operation of the implant. At the implant placement site formed to some extent by forming a blade-shaped structure (vertical blade) from the top to the bottom instead of a conventional screw portion on the outer surface of the root placement unit 10, the root placement portion of the implant by tapping by a doctor (10) digs directly down into the pubis so that the implant can be fixed. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a vertical blade is made in the longitudinal direction in the fixture area of a conventional implant and the end portion of the vertical blade is sharpened so that the root placement part 10 of the implant itself enters while piercing the alveolar bone. can be fixed.

And the stop bar 13 protrudes from the body 11 but protrudes to a lower height than the vertical blade 12 , and extends in the lateral direction in the space between the adjacent vertical blades 12 . The stop bar 13 extends in the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the body 11, except where the vertical blade 12 is formed. In the longitudinal direction of the root implantation unit 10 , a plurality of stop bars 13 from the upper part to the lower part of the body 11 are spaced apart from each other at intervals. A space 10a (refer to FIG. 3) is formed between the upper and lower adjacent stop bars 13, and a bone grows into this space 10a (see FIGS. 4 and 5). It is connected with a horizontal structure (stop bar) between the vertical blades of the root implantation unit 10 to better withstand the occlusal force after the procedure. By allowing them to be connected to each other laterally again between the vertical blades formed in the longitudinal direction, the implant can better withstand the occlusal force after bonding with the bone.

The cover implantation part 20 is integrally (one body) configured on the upper part of the root implantation part 10 and from the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1 while covering the upper surface (more than half of the upper surface) of the alveolar bone 1 . A part is implanted into the alveolar bone (1). The cover mounting part 20 is configured to include a wing plate 21 and a cylinder blade 22 .

The wing plate 21 is integrally coupled to the upper part of the root implantation unit 10, has a thickness of approximately a disk shape, and serves to transmit and disperse the occlusal force to the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1, and to transmit the occlusal force. have sufficient thickness. The wing plate 21 is integrally coupled between the root installation part 10 and the crown coupling part 30, but has a shape in which a substantially disk-shaped wing is horizontally expanded.

The cylinder blade 22 has a cylindrical shape extending vertically from the edge of the wing plate 21 , and is formed thinner than the wing plate 21 . The cylinder blade 22 is implanted into the alveolar bone 1 from the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1 at the edge of the wing plate 21 (see FIGS. 4 and 5). The lower end of the cylinder blade 22 is sharp and makes the implantation process into the alveolar bone easier.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, since the wing plate and the cylinder blade are provided, it is possible to greatly contribute to the success of the implant and obtain a stable fixation. Since the wing plate 21 of the cover implantation part 20 covers the upper surface of the alveolar bone and the cylinder blade 22 is implanted in the alveolar bone, the cover implantation part 20 can have a strong close contact and mutual coupling with the alveolar bone. . The cover implantation part 20 is in close contact with the upper surface of the alveolar bone and enters into the alveolar bone again by the cylinder blade, thereby promoting a stable coupling between the cover implantation part 20 and the alveolar bone and preventing bacterial penetration and separation. .

Assume that, if there is no cylinder blade 22, bacterial penetration can be more easily allowed by the gap between the wing plate 21 and the alveolar bone, and the bonding force between the wing plate 21 and the alveolar bone will be smaller.

And in addition to the root implantation unit 10, the root implantation unit ( 10), the load is less transmitted, and the coupling force is further increased by the cylinder blade 22 of the cover installation part 20, and there is an effect of preventing the penetration of bacteria.

In addition, according to the cover installation part 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the wing plate 21 is extended outwardly from the root installation part 10, so that the path from the outside to the alveolar bone, and further to the root installation part To lengthen the path, the external fungus must pass through the interface between the wide upper surface of the wing plate and the gingiva (2) to reach the bone, and further, from this, the side (lateral and medial surfaces) of the cylinder blade 22 and the alveolar bone It can reach the root implantation part 10 only after passing through the interface between them, and passing through the interface between the lower surface of the wing plate and the alveolar bone again.

In particular, since the cylinder blade 22 is embedded in the upper surface of the alveolar bone at the edge of the wing plate, the external exposure of the gap that may occur between the cylinder blade 22 and the upper surface of the alveolar bone is blocked at the source, and the entire path to the root implantation part By adding a path by the interface between the side surfaces (outer and inner surfaces) of the cylinder blade 22 and the alveolar bone in the path, there is an effect of making the path longer. Accordingly, there is an effect of making it very difficult for external bacteria to penetrate to the root implantation part 10 . Therefore, since bacteria from the outside can only reach the upper surface of the alveolar bone at most, there is a high probability that it will result in a lighter problem.

According to the cover installation part 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention, even if oral care is neglected after the crown 50 is coupled to the crown coupling part 30 later, it is possible to prevent oral bacteria from penetrating into the root installation part 10 . This helps to prolong the life of the implant.

On the other hand, the conventional implant has a risk of missing the implant when the maxillary sinus or the maxillary and mandibular bone quality is poor due to its design shape.

In addition, there is an effect of reducing the space between the teeth at the lower end of the crown due to the horizontally extended wing plate having a thickness to prevent food from being caught.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a plurality of models having different thicknesses of the wing plate 21 are provided, and the greater the degree of loss of alveolar bone, the thicker the model of the wing plate 21 can be selected. For example, the thickness of the wing plate 21 in the implant shown in FIG. 5 is thicker than the thickness T1 of the wing plate 21 in the implant shown in FIG. 4 . When the alveolar bone of the patient is destroyed and the height of the alveolar bone is lowered, the ideal occlusal height can be created by increasing the thickness of the wing plate 21 by the amount of the lowered alveolar bone, so that the final prosthesis can be made similar to the natural tooth shape.

According to the conventional implant, when the loss of alveolar bone is large, the length of the abutment is increased to match the occlusal surface with the neighboring teeth, but according to an aspect of the present invention, the thickness (height) of the wing plate As the thickness of the alveolar bone is increased, the C/R ratio is idealized to better withstand the occlusal pressure, and it has the effect of aligning the occlusal surface with a more stable structure.

And, on the side of the wing plate 21, the artificial bone 3 can be filled over the side of the wing plate and the remaining upper surface of the alveolar bone, and starting from the side height of the wing plate 21, to have a profile that falls smoothly can

The surface of the root implantation part 10, the lower surface of the wing plate 21, and the surface of the cylinder blade 22 may be surface-treated with HA (Hydroxyapatite) or SLA (Sandblasted, Large grit, Acid-etched). The surface between the crown coupling part 30 and the cover mounting part 20 and the upper surface of the wing plate 21 are high polished to prevent foreign substances (germs) from sticking. A circular (annular) trench 21a is provided on the bottom surface of the wing plate 21 so that the bone of the upper surface of the alveolar bone grows and fills, thereby further improving the bonding force (adhesion force).

The crown coupling part 30 is integrally (one body) configured on the upper part of the cover installation part 20, and has an annular space at the bottom to be constricted, and the upper part is thick and the lower part is occluded. have. The crown coupling part 30 is for coupling with the crown 50 and has a retention hole (Retention Hile) 30a in the depth direction from the upper center.

6 shows an implant according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 shows an implant according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

In the implant according to the second embodiment of the present invention, two root implantation units 10; 10-1, 10-2 are provided at the lower portion of the cover implantation unit 20 (see FIG. 6), and in the alveolar bone 1 It is placed in the place where two roots used to be located on a single tooth. In the implant according to the third embodiment of the present invention, three root implantation units (10; 10-3, 10-4 10-5) are provided at the lower portion of the cover implantation unit 20 (see FIG. 7), the alveolar bone ( In 1), each of the three roots is placed on a single tooth.

The structure of the other cover mounting portion 20 and the crown coupling portion 30 is similar to that of the first embodiment. The cover implantation unit 20 is integrally configured on the upper portion of the two or three root implantation units 10 and covers the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1 from the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1 into the alveolar bone 1 . This is implanted and provided with a wing plate 21 and a cylinder blade 22, and the description of similar parts will be omitted.

The anterior teeth, premolars, and molars where the roots are sometimes gathered are single root teeth, the mandibular molars are mainly 2 root teeth, and the maxillary molars are mainly 3 root teeth. One of the first to third embodiments of the invention is selected and operated. In the implant according to an embodiment of the present invention, the root implantation part is made in a shape similar to the root of a natural tooth.

In the implant according to the present invention, the number of root placement units (conventional fixtures) can be made according to the number of roots of natural teeth by tapping from top to bottom rather than inserting the root placement unit by turning it. Due to the placement part, it can withstand much occlusal pressure and prolong the life of the implant.

The implant according to the third embodiment further includes a guiding post 40 serving as a guide, the guiding post having three root placement units 10; 10-3, 10-4 10- 5) In the center between, one end has a bar shape extending downward from the lower side of the cover mounting part 20 . The guiding post 40 also serves as a guide when placing three root implants in the maxillary molars and allows additional support to be obtained.

Implants can be done immediately after extraction, but in order to increase accuracy, a bur is used to clean the extraction fossa and remove inflammatory tissue after extraction. And it is more preferable to make a model by taking an impression, measure the shape on the model, select or manufacture an appropriate implant, and insert it 1-2 weeks after tooth extraction.

Then, 1 to 2 weeks after tooth extraction, the tooth extraction fossa is shaped according to the implant to be placed, and a space for the cylinder blade, etc. to be implanted is formed by using a dedicated bur 60.

8 is a partial cut-away view showing a dedicated bur (Bur) 60 for forming or trimming a space in which the cylinder blade of the present invention will be implanted, for convenience of understanding.

A dedicated bur (Bur) 60 is a cylindrical grinding unit 62 having a grinding surface as a cylindrical shape with an upper side closed to form a space in which the cylinder blade 22 is to be implanted in the alveolar bone, and the center of the inner surface of the cylindrical grinding unit and a post portion (61) extending downwardly from the surface and having a grinding surface.

In FIG. 8 , the post part 61 is shown in a shape corresponding to the guiding post of the third embodiment, but it may have a shape corresponding to the root implantation part of the first embodiment. In addition, the post portion 61 may be formed without a surface for grinding.

According to an aspect of the present invention, it is an integrated implant in which the part corresponding to the conventional fixture and the abutment is one body, but in special cases, it can be made of a dual structure of the fixture and the abutment like a conventional implant. have.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is no need to make a structure inside the conventional implant for coupling the fixture and the abutment corresponding part, so it is possible to make the fixture part much more robustly. have. In addition, the implant according to an aspect of the present invention does not require an additional operation such as incision of the gum for bonding the fixture, so that the treatment period can be shortened.

According to an aspect of the present invention, by configuring a vertical blade extending longitudinally and a stop bar connecting them laterally, a wing plate bonded to the upper surface of the alveolar bone, and a cylinder blade extending vertically from the end of the wing plate, It has the advantage of obtaining additional fixation and retention in several areas. In addition, the cylinder blade extending vertically from the end of the wing plate can be changed into various shapes, for example, it is not a perfect circle, the length to the bottom is not constant, or a plurality of perforated holes are configured by The growing bone may penetrate the perforated hole to improve the bonding strength with the alveolar bone.

And, according to an aspect of the present invention, by making a fixture (root implantation part) similar to the tooth root and the same number of fixtures (root implantation part) as the number of tooth roots, it is closer to natural teeth and natural with alveolar bone binding can be better induced.

1: alveolar bone 2: gingiva
3: artificial bone
10: root installation part 11: body
12: vertical blade 13: stop bar
20: cover installation part 21: wing plate
22: cylinder blade 30: crown coupling part
30a: retention hole 40: guiding post
50: Crown 60: Dedicated bur
61: post part 62: cylindrical grinding part

Claims (12)

Root implantation unit 10 to be placed where the root was located in the alveolar bone (1); and
A cover implantation part 20 which is integrally configured with the upper part of the root implantation part 10 and is partially implanted into the alveolar bone 1 from the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1 while covering the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1 . ); characterized in that it is composed of
The cover mounting portion 20,
a wing plate 21 having a disc shape integrally coupled to the upper portion of the root implantation unit 10 and distributing the occlusal force to the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1; and
and a cylindrical cylinder blade 22 extending vertically from the edge of the wing plate 21,
The cylinder blade 22 is implanted into the alveolar bone (1) from the upper surface of the alveolar bone (1),
implant. In the alveolar bone (1), two root implantation units (10; 10-1, 10-2) to be respectively placed where the two roots of a single tooth were located; and
It is integrally configured on the upper part of the two root implantation parts 10 and covers the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1, and a cover implantation part in which a part is implanted into the alveolar bone 1 from the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1 (20); characterized in that it is configured to include,
The cover mounting portion 20,
a wing plate 21 having a disc shape integrally coupled to the upper portion of the root implantation unit 10 and distributing the occlusal force to the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1; and
and a cylindrical cylinder blade 22 extending vertically from the edge of the wing plate 21,
The cylinder blade 22 is implanted into the alveolar bone (1) from the upper surface of the alveolar bone (1),
implant. In the alveolar bone (1), three root installation parts (10; 10-3, 10-4 10-5) that are respectively placed where the three roots of a single tooth were located; and
It is integrally configured on the upper part of the three root implantation parts 10 and covers the upper surface of the alveolar bone (1) and a cover implantation part in which a part is implanted into the alveolar bone (1) from the upper surface of the alveolar bone (1) (20); characterized in that it is configured to include,
The cover mounting portion 20,
a wing plate 21 having a disc shape integrally coupled to the upper portion of the root implantation unit 10 and distributing the occlusal force to the upper surface of the alveolar bone 1; and
and a cylindrical cylinder blade 22 extending vertically from the edge of the wing plate 21,
The cylinder blade 22 is implanted into the alveolar bone (1) from the upper surface of the alveolar bone (1),
implant. 4. The method of claim 3,
In the center between the three root installation parts 10; 10-3, 10-4 10-5, one end of the rod-shaped guiding post extending downward from the lower side of the cover installation part 20 (Guiding Post) further comprising;
implant. delete 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A plurality of models having different thicknesses of the wing plate 21 are provided, and as the degree of loss of alveolar bone increases, a model with a thicker thickness of the wing plate 21 can be selected,
implant. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
At least the upper surface of the wing plate 21 is high-polished,
A circular trench 21a is provided on the bottom surface of the wing plate 21 so that the bone of the upper surface of the alveolar bone grows and fills,
implant. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The side of the wing plate 21 is filled with artificial bones as much as the height of the wing plate 21,
implant. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A dedicated bur (Bur) 60 is used to form a space in which the cylinder blade 22 is to be implanted in the alveolar bone,
The dedicated bur (Bur) 60,
Having a cylindrical grinding part 62 having a cylindrical shape with an upper side closed,
implant. i) alveolar bone (1), root implantation part 10 to be placed where the root was located, ii) alveolar bone (1), two root implantation parts 10; -1, 10-2), or iii) three root implantation units (10; 10-3, 10-4 10-5) that are respectively placed where three roots of a single tooth were located in the alveolar bone (1); consists of,
The root implantation unit 10,
Column-shaped body 11; and
A plurality of vertical blades 12 integrally coupled to the outer circumferential surface of the body 11 and having a blade shape extending in the longitudinal direction;
implant. 11. The method of claim 10,
The root implantation unit 10,
A stop bar 13 protruding from the body 11 but protruding to a lower height than the vertical blade 12 and extending in the transverse direction between the adjacent vertical blades 12;
In the longitudinal direction of the root installation part 10, a plurality of the stop bars 13 are arranged at intervals,
implant. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Consists of integrally on the upper portion of the cover mounting portion 20, having a retention hole (Retention Hile) (30a) for coupling with the crown (50), the lower portion of the closed crown coupling portion (30); provided,
implant.

Images