CN113346212A - Transition waveguide - Google Patents
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- CN113346212A CN113346212A CN202110704755.XA CN202110704755A CN113346212A CN 113346212 A CN113346212 A CN 113346212A CN 202110704755 A CN202110704755 A CN 202110704755A CN 113346212 A CN113346212 A CN 113346212A
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- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/04—Coupling devices of the waveguide type with variable factor of coupling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transition waveguide, wherein the transition waveguide of one embodiment comprises: including output cavity waveguide section and ladder waveguide section, the ladder waveguide section includes: at least one tuning mechanism comprising a tuning pin and an adjustment structure that adjusts the standing wave ratio of the transition waveguide by changing the coupling length of the tuning pin within the waveguide cavity. The transition waveguide of the embodiment of the invention realizes the dynamic tuning of the standing-wave ratio of the transition waveguide through at least one tuning mechanism arranged on the stepped waveguide section, further realizes the dynamic fine tuning of the transition waveguide under the fixed size by changing the coupling length of the tuning nail in the waveguide cavity, can dynamically adjust and change the standing-wave ratio of the transition waveguide with the fixed size in practical application, effectively improves the test error caused by the processing size, improves the test performance of the transition waveguide, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of output waveguides. And more particularly, to a transition waveguide.
Background
The existing microwave tube output system adopts a transition waveguide to realize the connection of an output cavity port and an output window port. In order to realize good standing wave parameters such as standing wave ratio, generally, a gradual change waveguide or a step waveguide is selected for realization, the longer the length of the transition waveguide is, the better the matching performance between the transition waveguide and the output cavity port and between the transition waveguide and the output window port is, so that the transition waveguide has large volume, the output system of the microwave tube is overstaffed as a whole, and the space occupation is large. In the prior art, a common transition waveguide has uniqueness in a corresponding microwave tube output system, namely, the common transition waveguide can only be applied to the microwave tube output system under the current standing-wave ratio, and cannot be adjusted due to the structural and size limitations of the common transition waveguide, and even because the manufacturing error of the size of the common transition waveguide causes errors in practical application and laboratory simulation, the test error is caused.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a new transition waveguide structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a design method of a transition waveguide, which aims to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art;
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a transition waveguide comprising an output cavity waveguide segment and a stepped waveguide segment,
the step waveguide section includes:
at least one tuning mechanism comprising a tuning pin and an adjustment structure that adjusts the standing wave ratio of the transition waveguide by changing the coupling length of the tuning pin within the waveguide cavity.
Further, the tuning mechanism is located on a stepped side of the stepped waveguide section.
Further, the transition waveguide comprises a plurality of tuning mechanisms, and the number of steps of the step waveguide section corresponds to the number of tuning mechanisms.
Further, the stepped waveguide section further comprises a compensation block fixed in the waveguide cavity relative to the tuning pin.
Further, the transition waveguide includes a plurality of tuning mechanisms and a plurality of compensation blocks corresponding to the tuning mechanisms.
Further, the number of tuning mechanisms is determined according to the size of the output cavity waveguide and the size of the output window interface.
Further, the adjustment mechanism includes a bellows.
Further, the tuning pin is of a cylindrical oxygen-free copper structure.
Furthermore, the compensation block is of a cylindrical oxygen-free copper structure.
Further, the size of the output window interface comprises a first long edge size, the size of the output cavity waveguide comprises a second long edge size, wherein when the difference value between the first long edge size and the second long edge size is smaller than a first preset reference long edge, the number of the tuning mechanisms is 1, and the first preset reference long edge size is twice the second long edge size;
when the difference value between the size of the first long edge and the size of the second long edge is larger than or equal to a first preset reference edge length of integral multiple, the number of the tuning mechanisms is the sum of the current integral multiple value and one, wherein the first preset reference edge length is twice the size of the second long edge, and the integral multiple value is the largest integer meeting the integral multiple relation;
or
The output window interface dimension further comprises a first narrow side dimension, the output cavity waveguide dimension comprises a second narrow side dimension, wherein,
when the difference value between the first narrow side size and the second narrow side size is smaller than a second preset reference side length, the number of the tuning mechanisms is 1, wherein the first preset reference side length is twice the second narrow side size;
when the difference value between the first narrow side size and the second narrow side size is larger than or equal to a second preset reference side length of an integral multiple, the number of the tuning mechanisms is equal to the current integral multiple value plus one, wherein the second preset reference side length is twice the second narrow side size, and the integral multiple value is the largest integer meeting the integral multiple relation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention realizes the dynamic tuning of the standing-wave ratio of the transition waveguide through at least one tuning mechanism arranged on the stepped waveguide section, further realizes the dynamic fine tuning of the transition waveguide under the fixed size by changing the coupling length of the tuning nail in the waveguide cavity, can dynamically adjust and change the standing-wave ratio of the transition waveguide with the fixed size in practical application, effectively improves the test error caused by the processing size, improves the test performance of the transition waveguide, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic cross-sectional view of a transition waveguide provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an output window port side of a transition waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a port side configuration of a transition waveguide to an output window according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 shows a simulation curve of standing wave coefficients of a simulation provided by a specific example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
Based on one of the problems in the prior art described above, one embodiment of the present invention proposes a transition waveguide 1 for a microwave tube,
in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the transition waveguide includes an output cavity waveguide section 11 connected to the output cavity, and a stepped waveguide section 12 connected to an output window (not shown).
The step waveguide section 12 includes: at least one tuning mechanism 13, wherein the tuning mechanism 13 comprises a tuning pin 131 and an adjusting structure 132, and the adjusting structure 132 adjusts the standing wave ratio of the transition waveguide by changing the coupling length of the tuning pin 131 in the waveguide cavity.
The embodiment of the invention realizes the dynamic tuning of the standing-wave ratio of the transition waveguide through at least one tuning mechanism arranged on the stepped waveguide section, further realizes the dynamic fine tuning of the transition waveguide under the fixed size by changing the coupling length of the tuning nail in the waveguide cavity, can dynamically adjust the standing-wave ratio of the transition waveguide with the fixed size in practical application, effectively improves the test error caused by the processing size, improves the test performance of the transition waveguide, and has wide application prospect.
As shown in fig. 1, the X direction is a moving direction of the tuning pin 131, the tuning pin 131 can move along the direction under the driving of the adjusting mechanism, and the entire length of the tuning pin 131 in the waveguide cavity is the coupling length of the tuning pin 131, and d2 and d4 shown in fig. 1 are the coupling lengths.
In an alternative embodiment, the tuning mechanism 13 is located on the stepped side of the stepped waveguide section 12. That is, the end surface of the tuning pin 131 on the side away from the stepped surface in the waveguide cavity is separated from the plane where the tuning pin 131 is located by the coupling length d 2. Further, at least one tuning mechanism 13 is disposed on the step side of the stepped waveguide section 12, as shown in fig. 1, a first step 121 is disposed near the output cavity waveguide section 11, and in the Y direction from the output cavity waveguide section 11 to the stepped waveguide section 12, the stepped structure of the stepped waveguide section 12 is sequentially a first step 121, a second step 122, and the like, and the tuning mechanisms on different steps can adjust the coupling length of the corresponding waveguide cavity, for example, the coupling length d2 of the first tuning pin on the first step 121 and the coupling length d4 of the second tuning pin on the second step 122.
In a specific example, the smaller the adjustment length of the step surface of the step structure of the step waveguide section from the horizontal plane is, the higher the dynamic fine adjustment precision that can be realized by the step structure is, and therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, by the tuning structure arranged on the step side of the step waveguide section, the dynamic adjustment of the standing-wave ratio of the transition waveguide under the whole size can be realized, the good matching of the output cavity and the output window is further ensured, and the matching precision is effectively improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the transition waveguide comprises a plurality of tuning mechanisms 13, and the number of steps of the stepped waveguide section 12 corresponds to the number of tuning mechanisms 13.
As shown in fig. 1, the stepped structure of the stepped waveguide section 12 includes a first step 121 and a second step 122, and the tuning mechanisms 13 are disposed on the stepped surface of the stepped structure corresponding to each step, that is, the number of the stepped waveguide sections 12 is the same as that of the tuning mechanisms 13, and the stepped surface of each step is provided with the tuning structure. The stepped structure of the embodiment of the invention can reduce the whole size of the transition waveguide, effectively reduce the occupied space, further realize the miniaturization design of the transition waveguide on the basis of dynamically adjusting the coupling length of the waveguide cavity by using the tuning mechanism, and has wide application prospect.
In an alternative embodiment, the adjustment mechanism comprises a bellows. By utilizing the variable characteristic of the tuning material of the corrugated pipe, the embodiment of the invention changes the coupling length of the tuning nail in the waveguide cavity through the corrugated pipe so as to dynamically adjust the standing-wave ratio.
The tuning nail in the embodiment of the invention is in a cylindrical oxygen-free copper structure, and the step waveguide section in the embodiment of the invention is integrally processed and formed by oxygen-free copper materials, so that the process is simple and the manufacturing efficiency is high.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the stepped waveguide section 12 further includes a compensating block 123 fixed relative to the tuning pin 131 within the waveguide cavity.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, a compensation block 123 is disposed in the waveguide cavity on a side away from the step surface of the step structure, and the compensation block 123 can further reduce an adjustment length of the waveguide cavity corresponding to each step structure, so that a moving distance of the tuning pin 131 in the X direction is effectively reduced, and a moving error caused by an excessively large moving distance in a moving process of the tuning pin 131 is avoided.
In an optional embodiment, the compensation block is a cylindrical oxygen-free copper structure, and the process is simple and the manufacturing efficiency is high.
In an alternative embodiment, the transition waveguide includes a plurality of tuning mechanisms 13 and a plurality of compensation blocks 123 corresponding to the tuning mechanisms 13. In the embodiment of the present invention, each tuning mechanism 13 is disposed opposite to each compensation block 123, and as shown in fig. 1, the disposed length (e.g., d1 and d3) of the compensation block 123 in the waveguide cavity and the coupling length (e.g., d2 and d4) of the tuning pin 131 in the waveguide cavity jointly define the waveguide cavity coupling length of the waveguide segment corresponding to the current ladder structure. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific corresponding manner between the tuning mechanism and the compensation block, that is, the compensation block of the embodiment of the present invention may be disposed opposite to one tuning mechanism as described in the embodiment; the embodiment of the invention can also be provided with no compensation block; the embodiment of the invention can also adjust the coupling length of the tuning pin only by the tuning mechanism without arranging a compensation block in the waveguide cavity with the shortest stepped waveguide section. Those skilled in the art should select the method according to the actual application, and the detailed description is omitted here.
In an alternative embodiment, the number of tuning mechanisms is determined based on the output cavity waveguide size and the output window interface size.
The tuning structure of the embodiment of the invention changes the whole standing wave ratio of the transition waveguide by changing the coupling length of the tuning nail in the waveguide cavity, and further, when the number of the tuning mechanisms is more than one, different standing wave ratios can be realized by matching the tuning mechanisms, therefore, the embodiment of the invention determines the number of the optimal tuning mechanisms by the waveguide size of the output cavity and the interface size of the output window, and can realize the whole size optimization of the transition waveguide on the basis of dynamically adjusting the standing wave ratio under the fixed size, thereby realizing the balance of space occupation and standing wave ratio adjustment.
As shown in fig. 2, the end of the stepped waveguide section 12 connected to the output windowThe cross section of the opening is a rectangular opening, and the long side dimension of the rectangular opening is a first long side dimension A1The dimension of the short side is a first narrow side dimension Z1. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 3, the port cross-section of the output cavity waveguide segment 11 is a rectangular opening, and the long side dimension of the rectangular opening is the second long side dimension A2The short side dimension is the second narrow side dimension Z2。
In an alternative embodiment, the number S of tuning mechanisms 13 of stepped waveguide section 12 and first long side dimension A1And a second long side dimension A2The following relationship is satisfied:
when the first long side dimension A1And a second long side dimension A2Difference (A) of1-A2) When the length of the tuning mechanism is less than a first preset reference edge length a, the number S of the tuning mechanisms is 1, wherein the first preset reference edge length a is twice of the size of a second long edge 2A2。
When the first long side dimension A1And a second long side dimension A2Difference (A) of1-A2) When the length a of the first preset reference edge is larger than or equal to the integral multiple n, the number S of the tuning mechanisms is equal to the integral multiple value n plus one, wherein the length a of the first preset reference edge is twice of the size 2A of the second long edge2And the integer multiple value is the largest integer satisfying the integer multiple relation.
In one specific example, when the first long dimension A1When the second long side dimension a2 is 4mm, the first preset side length: a is 2A22 x 4-8 mm, the difference between them being (A)1-A2) 6mm, the difference (A)1-A2) And the length is less than the first preset side length a, so that the number of tuning mechanisms of the stepped waveguide section with the size is 1, and the standing-wave ratio and the overall size of the transition waveguide are both optimally designed. Further, the number of steps for setting the tuning mechanism may be the same as the number of tuning mechanisms, again 1.
In another specific example, when the first long side dimension A1When the second long side dimension a2 is 6mm, the first preset side length: a is 2A22 x 6-12 mm, the difference between them being (A)1-A2) 14mm, the difference14mm is 12mm which is 1 times at maximum, and therefore, if the number n of the integral multiple is 1, the number S of the tuning mechanisms at that size is n +1, i.e., 2 steps, and further, the number of steps provided with the tuning mechanisms may be the same as the number of tuning mechanisms, i.e., 2.
In another specific example, when the first long side dimension A140mm, and 6mm second long side dimension a2, the first predetermined side length: a is 2A22 x 6-12 mm, the difference between them being (A)1-A2) The difference 34mm is 34mm, which is 12mm at the maximum of 2 times, and therefore the number n of the integer multiple is 2, the number S of tuning mechanisms at this size is 2+1, i.e. 3 steps, and the number of steps provided with tuning mechanisms may be the same as the number of tuning mechanisms, which is likewise 3.
In another alternative embodiment, the number of tuning mechanisms of the stepped waveguide section S is related to the first narrow side dimension Z1 and to the second narrow side dimension Z2The following relationship is satisfied:
when the first narrow side dimension Z1And a second narrow side dimension Z2Difference value (Z) of1-Z2) When the length of the tuning mechanism is less than a second preset reference edge length b, the number S of the tuning mechanisms is 1, wherein the first preset reference edge length b is twice of the second narrow edge size 2Z2。
When the first narrow side dimension Z1And a second narrow side dimension Z2Difference value (Z) of1-Z2) When the length b of the second preset reference edge is larger than or equal to the integral multiple n, the number S of the tuning mechanisms is equal to the current integral multiple value n plus one, wherein the length b of the second preset reference edge is twice of the size 2Z of the second narrow edge2And the integer multiple value is the largest integer satisfying the integer multiple relation.
In one specific example, when the first narrow side dimension Z is18mm, second narrow side dimension Z2When 3mm, the second preset side length: b is 2Z22 x 3 x 6mm, the difference being (Z)1-Z2) 5mm, the difference (Z)1-Z2) Smaller than the second predetermined side length b, and therefore the number of tuning mechanisms is 1 at this size. Thus, the number of tuning mechanisms for this size down-step waveguide section is 1, the residence of the transition waveguideThe wave ratio and the overall size are both optimally designed. Further, the number of steps provided with the tuning mechanism may be the same as the number of tuning mechanisms, again 1.
In another specific example, when the first narrow side dimension Z is114mm, second narrow side dimension Z2When the length is 4mm, the second preset side length is as follows: b is 2Z22 x 4-8 mm, the difference being (Z)1-Z2) 10mm, the difference 10mm is at most 1 times the second predetermined side length 6mm, so that if the integer multiple n is 1, the number S of tuning mechanisms at that size is n +1, i.e. 2 steps. Further, the number of steps provided with the tuning mechanism may be the same as the number of tuning mechanisms, again 2.
In another specific example, when the first narrow side dimension Z is136mm, second narrow side dimension Z2When 5mm, the second preset side length: b is 2Z22 x 5 x 10mm, the difference between them being (Z)1-Z2) This difference 31mm is at most 3 times the second predetermined side length 10mm, so that if the value n of the integer multiple is 3, the number S of tuning mechanisms for this size is 3+1, i.e. 4 steps. Further, the number of steps for setting the tuning mechanism may be 4.
Therefore, according to the embodiment of the invention, the number of tuning mechanisms can be quickly and accurately determined according to the waveguide size of the output cavity and the waveguide size of the output window connected with the stepped waveguide section, so that the optimal standing-wave ratio adjusting performance is matched; in addition, the embodiment of the invention also obtains the optimal number of steps of the step waveguide section, and further reduces the space occupation ratio of the transition waveguide.
In a specific example, after the transition waveguide according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a microwave tube output system, in the case of achieving the same standing-wave ratio, the length of the transition waveguide according to the embodiment of the present invention is 148mm, whereas the length of the transition waveguide capable of achieving the same matching in the prior art is about 220mm, that is, the length of the transition waveguide is reduced to about 67% by applying the waveguide system according to the embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, when the output system of the low-frequency band (P, L, S wave band) is large in size, the transition waveguide provided by the embodiment of the invention greatly reduces the weight and the length of the output system, and meets the miniaturization design requirement of the transition waveguide.
It should be noted that the parameter is merely a parameter comparison between the transition waveguide of the embodiment of the present invention and the transition waveguide of the prior art by specific examples, and the transition waveguide of the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above dimensions and the above advantageous effects.
The embodiment of the invention realizes the dynamic tuning of the standing-wave ratio of the transition waveguide through at least one tuning mechanism arranged on the stepped waveguide section, further realizes the dynamic fine tuning of the transition waveguide under the fixed size by changing the coupling length of the tuning nail in the waveguide cavity, can change the standing-wave ratio of the transition waveguide in practical application, effectively improves the test error caused by processing the size, improves the test performance of the transition waveguide, is well matched with the load of the whole machine, realizes good power transmission, and has wide application prospect.
One embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for designing based on the transition waveguide structure, which includes:
s1, preliminarily setting the number of steps of the transition waveguide according to the size of the output cavity port and the size of the output window port;
s2, setting the structural size of the transition waveguide by using simulation and adjusting the structural size to obtain the initial structural size according with the target standing wave coefficient;
s3, processing and assembling the transition waveguide based on the preset size parameters; performing cold-tuning test on the assembled transition waveguide to determine the actual structure size of the assembled transition waveguide, and determining the change of the actual standing wave coefficient according to the change of the actual structure size;
s4, fixing the transition waveguide after the cold adjustment test, and performing cold test rechecking to obtain a rechecked standing wave coefficient; adjusting the actual structure dimension for the first time to keep the rechecked standing wave coefficient consistent with the actual standing wave coefficient;
and S5, hot testing the transition waveguide after cold testing and review, and adjusting the actual structure size for the second time based on hot testing data to realize optimization of output power.
According to the technical scheme, the transition waveguide structure meeting the target standing wave coefficient and the output power is finally determined through the cold-tuning test, the cold-testing review and the thermal test after the step number of the transition waveguide is set according to the target standing wave coefficient and the initial structure size of the transition waveguide is set. The weight and the length of the transition waveguide in a low-frequency band state are greatly reduced, and the miniaturization design requirement of the transition waveguide is met; meanwhile, the technical scheme of the invention can realize dynamic tuning in the test process by adding the tuning mechanism, so that the standing wave parameters of the transition waveguide meet the system requirements, the matching with the load of the whole machine is good, and good power transmission is realized.
In a specific example, the design method of the transition waveguide according to the embodiment of the present invention is specifically as follows:
firstly, preliminarily setting the number of the transition waveguide tuning mechanisms according to the size of the output cavity port and the size of the output window port.
In this step, the number of tuning mechanisms can be determined according to the aforementioned output cavity waveguide size and output window interface size. This principle is consistent with the previous embodiment and will not be described herein.
In a specific example, the number of steps of the stepped waveguide section can be determined according to the number of tuning mechanisms, and further, the number of steps of the stepped waveguide section can also be determined according to the size of the output cavity waveguide and the size of the output window interface, which is not described herein again. And secondly, setting the structural size of the transition waveguide by using simulation and adjusting the structural size to obtain the initial structural size which accords with the target standing wave coefficient.
As shown in fig. 1, when the number of tuning mechanisms 13 is 2, the structural dimensions of the transition waveguide include: an output cavity waveguide segment length h1, a first step length h2, a second step length h3, a second intra-step waveguide cavity coupling length d1, a second tuning pin coupling length d2, a first intra-step waveguide cavity coupling length d3, a first tuning pin coupling length d4, and an output cavity waveguide segment narrow side dimension k 1.
In the process of initially setting the structure size, the simulation software can adopt a CST microwave working chamber, an HFSS electromagnetic simulation design and the like to preliminarily set the size of the transition waveguide and then generate an initial transition waveguide model, and further perform matching calculation simulation on the whole waveguide system applying the initial model through the simulation software, wherein the standing wave calculation result requiring that the simulated target standing wave (VSWR) coefficient is below 1.1 is shown in figure 4.
In the simulation process, the sizes of the dimension structures h1, h2, h3, d1, d2, d3, d4 and k1 which do not meet the target standing wave coefficient are continuously adjusted until the standing wave simulation curve shown in fig. 4 is met, and the standing wave value of the dimension structures is optimized to a value meeting the requirement.
The optimal structure size meeting the target standing wave coefficient can be obtained through the simulation of the process.
Thirdly, processing and assembling the transition waveguide based on the size of the primary structure; and performing a cold-tuning test on the assembled transition waveguide to determine an actual structural dimension of the assembled transition waveguide, and determining a change of an actual standing wave coefficient according to a change of the actual structural dimension.
In some optional implementations of the present embodiment, the assembled transition waveguide is cold-tuned to determine the second stepped intra-waveguide cavity coupling length d1, the second tuning pin coupling length d2, the first stepped intra-waveguide cavity coupling length d3, the first tuning pin coupling length d4, and the change in the actual standing wave coefficient is determined from the changes in the second tuning pin coupling length d2 and the first tuning pin coupling length d 4.
After the initial structure size is designed, the transition waveguide is processed according to the initial structure sizes, the stepped waveguide section 12, the tuning nail 131 and the tuning mechanism 13 of the transition waveguide shown in fig. 1 are respectively machined, and the processed parts are assembled into the complete transition waveguide.
After the assembly is completed, the transition waveguide is subjected to cold testing debugging to determine the actual coupling position (namely the actual values of d1, d2, d3 and d4) of each tuning pin and compensation block inside the step waveguide section after the assembly is completed, the coupling length d2 of the second tuning pin and the coupling length d4 of the first tuning pin are adjusted, the influence trend of the fine tuning d2 and d4 values on the whole standing wave curve is determined, and a basis is provided for adjustment after subsequent welding and in hot testing.
Fourthly, fixing the transition waveguide after the cold regulation test, and performing cold test rechecking to obtain a rechecked standing wave coefficient; the actual structure dimensions are adjusted for the first time to keep the re-check standing wave coefficients consistent with the actual standing wave coefficients.
In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the transition waveguide after the cold-tuning test may be fixed by brazing. And brazing the assembled waveguide component after cold measurement, so as to fix the positions of the tuning nail and the tuning mechanism in the waveguide and complete the preparation of the whole transition waveguide component.
Since the solder filling and the metal material deformation can cause the change of the target standing wave coefficient before and after the brazing, a tuning mechanism is needed to realize the function of fine tuning the standing wave coefficient curve after the brazing and during the application of the transition waveguide.
After the whole transition waveguide part is manufactured by welding, the matching of the waveguide part is further checked by cold testing, the rechecked standing wave coefficient obtained by cold testing and rechecking is compared with the target standing wave coefficient of analog simulation before welding, and the change difference between the assembled and welded transition waveguide and the analog simulation transition waveguide is confirmed. In a specific example, the re-inspection standing wave coefficient obtained by cold test re-inspection can also be represented by a standing wave coefficient variation curve shown in fig. 4.
The rechecked standing wave curve obtained by cold testing and rechecking is compared with the target standing wave curve before welding, if numerical value change is found, the adjusting mechanism can slightly stretch or press through the tuning material with the adjustable actual structure size arranged inside, so that the coupling length of the tuning nail in the stepped waveguide section is finely adjusted and changed, namely the numerical values of d2 and d4, and the consistency of the rechecked standing wave coefficient after welding and the target standing wave coefficient of simulation before welding is ensured.
And fifthly, measuring the transition waveguide after cold test rechecking in a hot mode, and adjusting the actual structure size for the second time based on hot test data to achieve optimization of output power.
The transition waveguide after cold test and review is subjected to hot test (i.e. measurement of transmission power), and the structural size of the transition waveguide at the time meets the target standing wave coefficient, but the hot test is also required to ensure that the transmission power under the structural size also meets the use requirement.
During thermal measurement (namely power transmission), if the power test data of a laboratory and the power test data of a complete machine user are different, the coupling length (the numerical values of d2 and d4) of the tuning pin in the step waveguide section is dynamically adjusted according to the test result, and the output power is optimized.
In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the first secondary tuning pin coupling length d2 and the first tuning pin coupling length d4 are such that the re-examined standing wave coefficient is consistent with the actual standing wave coefficient; and
adjusting the second tuning pin coupling length d2 and the first tuning pin coupling length d4 a second time adjusts to achieve optimization of output power.
In one specific example, after the structure is sized, the stepped waveguide section is integrally formed using an oxygen-free copper material. The tuning pin is a cylindrical oxygen-free copper structure, variable tuning materials (corrugated pipes and the like) are arranged in the tuning mechanism, and the coupling position of the tuning pin and the tuning mechanism on the transition waveguide is determined through cold measurement. And then brazing is carried out, and the tuning nail, the tuning mechanism and the stepped waveguide section are welded into a complete component. And after the welding is finished, retesting the standing wave coefficient of the brazing filler metal, and finely adjusting the standing wave curve change caused by the filling of the brazing filler metal and the deformation of the metal material before and after the brazing by using a tuning mechanism. And finally, performing thermal testing to ensure that the laboratory test result is consistent with the engineering application test result.
The transition waveguide obtained by the steps not only meets the requirement of a target standing wave coefficient, but also has good actual output power, and the transition waveguide with the structure of the embodiment of the invention has the loss rate of less than 0.23 percent and the bandwidth of more than 500MHZ, can cover the bandwidth of an S wave band, and has wide application prospect.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A transition waveguide for a microwave tube, the transition waveguide comprising an output cavity waveguide section and a stepped waveguide section,
wherein the stepped waveguide section comprises:
at least one tuning mechanism comprising a tuning pin and an adjustment structure that adjusts the standing wave ratio of the transition waveguide by changing the coupling length of the tuning pin within the waveguide cavity.
2. The transition waveguide of claim 1, wherein the tuning mechanism is located on a stair-step side of the stair-step waveguide segment.
3. The transition waveguide of claim 1, comprising a plurality of tuning mechanisms, wherein the number of steps of the stepped waveguide section corresponds to the number of tuning mechanisms.
4. The transition waveguide of claim 1, wherein the stepped waveguide section further comprises a compensation block fixed relative to the tuning pin within the waveguide cavity.
5. The transition waveguide of claim 4, comprising a plurality of tuning mechanisms and a plurality of compensation blocks corresponding to the tuning mechanisms.
6. The transition waveguide of claim 1, wherein the number of tuning mechanisms is determined by output cavity waveguide dimensions and output window interface dimensions.
7. The transition waveguide of claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism comprises a bellows.
8. The transition waveguide of claim 1, wherein the tuning pin is a cylindrical oxygen free copper structure.
9. The transition waveguide of claim 4, wherein the compensation block is a cylindrical oxygen free copper structure.
10. The transition waveguide of claim 6,
the output window interface size comprises a first long edge size, the output cavity waveguide size comprises a second long edge size, wherein when the difference value between the first long edge size and the second long edge size is smaller than a first preset reference long edge, the number of the tuning mechanisms is 1, and the first preset reference long edge size is twice as large as the second long edge size;
when the difference value between the size of the first long edge and the size of the second long edge is larger than or equal to a first preset reference edge length of integral multiple, the number of the tuning mechanisms is the sum of the current integral multiple value and one, wherein the first preset reference edge length is twice the size of the second long edge, and the integral multiple value is the largest integer meeting the integral multiple relation;
or
The output window interface dimension further comprises a first narrow side dimension, the output cavity waveguide dimension comprises a second narrow side dimension, wherein,
when the difference value between the first narrow side size and the second narrow side size is smaller than a second preset reference side length, the number of the tuning mechanisms is 1, wherein the first preset reference side length is twice the second narrow side size;
when the difference value between the first narrow side size and the second narrow side size is larger than or equal to a second preset reference side length of an integral multiple, the number of the tuning mechanisms is equal to the current integral multiple value plus one, wherein the second preset reference side length is twice the second narrow side size, and the integral multiple value is the largest integer meeting the integral multiple relation.
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