CN113343169B - Method for positioning defect equipment in open-type transformer substation - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for positioning defective equipment in an open type transformer substation, and belongs to the technical field of online monitoring of transformer substation equipment. According to the method, firstly, electromagnetic wave signals are obtained through four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors arranged in an open-type transformer substation, then the received signal strength of the electromagnetic wave signals is obtained, the arrival time difference is obtained through a generalized cross-correlation method, then the RSSI value influence factor of the distance difference is calculated, then the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance difference is calculated, then a calculation model of the distance difference and a distance difference equation set are established, and finally an equation set is solved through a Newton iteration method, so that the position coordinates of a local discharge source are obtained. The method effectively improves the positioning precision and efficiency of the defect equipment in the open type transformer substation, and is easy to popularize and apply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of online monitoring of substation equipment, and particularly relates to a method for positioning defective equipment in an open-type substation.
Background
The open-type transformer substation plays an important role in a power system, and has important safety operation significance. A large body of data indicates that the main cause of defects in open substation equipment is the deterioration of its insulating properties. Partial discharge is a main cause and one of main symptoms of insulation degradation of power equipment, and has important significance in online monitoring and accurate positioning. The power equipment can generate electromagnetic wave signals when in partial discharge, so that the partial discharge defect equipment in the open-type transformer substation is detected and positioned by detecting the electromagnetic wave signals.
Because the open-type transformer substation has a plurality of devices including a transformer, a breaker, a voltage transformer and the like, a great challenge is brought to the positioning of the partial discharge defect device. The partial discharge positioning can be realized by ultrasonic waves, chemical reactions, ultrahigh frequency and other methods, wherein ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic waves have better performances in the aspects of anti-interference performance, propagation speed, sensitivity and the like. The current partial discharge ultrahigh frequency positioning method realizes positioning by a single RSSI technology or arrival time difference, that is, positioning is performed only by one of the time difference or received signal strength, and the influence of another characteristic quantity factor on the positioning result is often ignored, resulting in a large positioning error. Therefore, a method for positioning defective equipment in an open-type substation is urgently needed, and accurate positioning of the defective equipment can be realized through cooperative analysis of received signal strength and arrival time difference based on an ultrahigh frequency method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a method for positioning defective equipment in an open type transformer substation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for positioning defective equipment in an open-type substation comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring an electromagnetic wave signal;
the second step is that: acquiring characteristic parameters of electromagnetic wave signals;
the third step: calculating an RSSI value influence factor of the distance difference;
the fourth step: calculating a time difference of arrival influence factor of the distance difference;
the fifth step: establishing a distance difference calculation model;
and a sixth step: establishing a distance difference equation set;
the seventh step: and solving the distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate of the local discharge source.
Further, preferably, the open-type substation is approximately regarded as a square area, and then the four ultrahigh-frequency wireless sensors are respectively installed at four right angles.
Further, preferably, the specific method of the first step is as follows:
four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are arranged, namely a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensorThe wireless sensors and the electromagnetic wave signals h received by the four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors i Wherein i =1,2,3,4 is the number of the ultrasonic sensor, h 1 Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h 2 Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h 3 Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor 4 The signal is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor;
(x 1 ，y 1 ，z 1 )、(x 2 ，y 2 ，z 2 )、(x 3 ，y 3 ，z 3 )、(x 4 ，y 4 ，z 4 ) Respectively representing the position coordinates of No. 1, no. 2, no. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors, and the coordinate of a local discharge source is (x) P ，y P ，z P )。
Further, it is preferable that the specific method of the second step is:
acquiring the electromagnetic wave signal h i The received signal strength is subjected to Gaussian filtering and normalization processing to obtain an RSSI value P Ri I =1,2,3,4; method for acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h by utilizing generalized cross-correlation method 2 And electromagnetic wave signal h 1 Time difference of arrival Δ t 2 Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h 3 And electromagnetic wave signal h 1 Time difference of arrival Δ t 3 Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h 4 And electromagnetic wave signal h 2 Time difference of arrival Δ t 4 。
Further, it is preferable that the third step is a specific method:
let d be the distance between the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and the partial discharge source calculated based on the RSSI value i I denotes the number of the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, i =1,2,3,4, and the expression is:
wherein A is a radio frequency parameter, and n is an environmental dissipation index;
obtaining the influence factor Delta d of the RSSI value of the distance difference j Comprises the following steps:
Δd j ＝d j -d 1
wherein j =2,3,4.
Further, it is preferable that the fourth step is a specific method comprising:
calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor Δ s of a distance difference j J =2,3,4, the expression is as follows:
Δs j ＝Δt j *v
wherein, Δ t j Time difference of arrival, j =2,3,4, i.e. Δ t 2 、Δt 3 、Δt 4 And v is the speed of propagation of the electromagnetic wave signal, in m/s.
Further, it is preferable that the specific method of the fifth step is:
let the distance difference be Deltar j J =2,3,4 respectively representing the difference between the distance from the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor No. 2,3,4 to the local discharge source and the distance from the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor No. 1 to the local discharge source, and calculating the distance difference Δ r by the RSSI influence factor of the distance difference and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance difference j The model is as follows:
further, it is preferable that the specific method of the sixth step and the seventh step is:
the distance difference equation is established as follows:
solving a distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate (x) of the partial discharge source P ，y P ，z P )。
Further, it is preferable that the distance difference equation set is solved by using a newton iteration method.
In the invention, A is a radio frequency parameter, and n is an environmental dissipation index, which can be measured by field tests.
According to the invention, through the cooperative analysis of the RSSI value and the arrival time difference, the distance difference delta r is calculated by the RSSI influence factor of the distance difference and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance difference j 。
Normalization in the present invention can be performed using a Z-score normalization method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for positioning defective equipment in an open-type transformer substation, according to the method disclosed by the invention, the RSSI value and the arrival time difference of the received signal strength are obtained by electromagnetic wave signals, the RSSI value influence factor and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance difference are further obtained by calculation, a calculation model of the distance difference and a distance difference equation set are established through the cooperative analysis of the received signal strength and the arrival time difference, and finally the equation set is solved through a Newton iteration method. The method can reduce the positioning error caused by selecting single characteristic quantity, can realize the accurate positioning of the defective equipment in the open type transformer substation, and has the average positioning error lower than 0.25m.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for locating defective devices in an open substation according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The materials or equipment used are not indicated by manufacturers, and all are conventional products available by purchase.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for positioning defective devices in an open-type substation includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring an electromagnetic wave signal;
the second step is that: acquiring characteristic parameters of electromagnetic wave signals;
the third step: calculating an RSSI value influence factor of the distance difference;
the fourth step: calculating a time difference of arrival influence factor of the distance difference;
the fifth step: establishing a distance difference calculation model;
and a sixth step: establishing a distance difference equation set;
the seventh step: and solving a distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinates of the local discharge source.
And (3) approximately treating the open type transformer substation as a square area, and respectively installing the four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors at four right angles.
The first step is specifically as follows:
four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are arranged, namely a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and electromagnetic wave signals h received by the four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors i Wherein i =1,2,3,4 is the number of the ultrasonic sensor, h 1 Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, h 2 Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor 3 Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h 4 The electromagnetic wave signal is received by a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor;
(x 1 ，y 1 ，z 1 )、(x 2 ，y 2 ，z 2 )、(x 3 ，y 3 ，z 3 )、(x 4 ，y 4 ，z 4 ) Respectively representing the position coordinates of No. 1, no. 2, no. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors, and the coordinate of the local discharge source is (x) P ，y P ，z P )。
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, a method for positioning defective devices in an open-type substation includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring an electromagnetic wave signal;
the second step: acquiring characteristic parameters of electromagnetic wave signals;
the third step: calculating an RSSI value influence factor of the distance difference;
the fourth step: calculating a time difference of arrival influence factor of the distance difference;
the fifth step: establishing a distance difference calculation model;
and a sixth step: establishing a distance difference equation set;
the seventh step: and solving the distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate of the local discharge source.
And (3) approximately regarding the open-type transformer substation as a square area, and respectively installing the four ultrahigh-frequency wireless sensors at the four right angles.
The first step is specifically as follows:
four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are arranged, namely a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and electromagnetic wave signals h received by the four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors i Wherein i =1,2,3,4 is the number of the ultrasonic sensor, h 1 Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h 2 Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor 3 Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h 4 The signal is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor;
(x 1 ，y 1 ，z 1 )、(x 2 ，y 2 ，z 2 )、(x 3 ，y 3 ，z 3 )、(x 4 ，y 4 ，z 4 ) Respectively representing the position coordinates of No. 1, no. 2, no. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors, and the coordinate of the local discharge source is (x) P ，y P ，z P )。
The second step is a specific method:
acquiring the electromagnetic wave signal h i The received signal strength is subjected to Gaussian filtering and normalization processing to obtain an RSSI value P Ri I =1,2,3,4; using generalized cross-correlationObtaining electromagnetic wave signals h 2 And electromagnetic wave signal h 1 Time difference of arrival Δ t 2 Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h 3 And electromagnetic wave signal h 1 Time difference of arrival Δ t 3 Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h 4 And electromagnetic wave signal h 2 Time difference of arrival Δ t 4 。
The third step is a specific method:
let d be the distance between the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and the partial discharge source calculated based on the RSSI value i I denotes the number of the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, i =1,2,3,4, and the expression is:
wherein A is a radio frequency parameter, and n is an environment dissipation index;
obtaining the influence factor Delta d of the RSSI value of the distance difference j Comprises the following steps:
Δd j ＝d j -d 1
wherein j =2,3,4.
The fourth step comprises the following specific steps:
calculating a time difference of arrival influence factor Δ s of the distance difference j J =2,3,4, the expression is as follows:
Δs j ＝Δt j *v
wherein, Δ t j Time difference of arrival, j =2,3,4, i.e. Δ t 2 、Δt 3 、Δt 4 And v is the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave signal and has a unit of m/s.
The fifth step comprises the following specific steps:
let the distance difference be Deltar j J =2,3,4 respectively representing the difference between the distance from the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor No. 2,3,4 to the local discharge source and the distance from the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor No. 1 to the local discharge source, and calculating the distance difference Δ r by the RSSI influence factor of the distance difference and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance difference j The model is as follows:
example 3
As shown in fig. 1, a method for positioning a defective device in an open-type substation includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring an electromagnetic wave signal;
the second step is that: acquiring characteristic parameters of electromagnetic wave signals;
the third step: calculating an RSSI value influence factor of the distance difference;
the fourth step: calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor of the distance difference;
the fifth step: establishing a distance difference calculation model;
and a sixth step: establishing a distance difference equation set;
the seventh step: and solving a distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinates of the local discharge source.
And (3) approximately regarding the open-type transformer substation as a square area, and respectively installing the four ultrahigh-frequency wireless sensors at the four right angles.
The first step is specifically as follows:
four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are arranged, namely a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor in sequence, and electromagnetic wave signals h received by the four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors i Wherein i =1,2,3,4 is the number of the ultrasonic sensor, h 1 Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h 2 Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor 3 Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor 4 The signal is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor;
(x 1 ，y 1 ，z 1 )、(x 2 ，y 2 ，z 2 )、(x 3 ，y 3 ，z 3 )、(x 4 ，y 4 ，z 4 ) Respectively represent No. 1, no. 2,The position coordinates of No. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors and the coordinates of a local discharge source are (x) P ，y P ，z P )。
The second step is a specific method:
acquiring the electromagnetic wave signal h i The received signal strength is subjected to Gaussian filtering and normalization processing to obtain an RSSI value P Ri I =1,2,3,4; method for acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h by utilizing generalized cross-correlation method 2 And electromagnetic wave signal h 1 Time difference of arrival Δ t 2 Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h 3 And electromagnetic wave signal h 1 Time difference of arrival Δ t 3 Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h 4 And electromagnetic wave signal h 2 Time difference of arrival Δ t 4 。
The third step comprises the following specific steps:
let d be the distance between the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and the partial discharge source calculated based on the RSSI value i I denotes the number of the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, i =1,2,3,4, and the expression is:
wherein A is a radio frequency parameter, and n is an environmental dissipation index;
obtaining the influence factor Delta d of the RSSI value of the distance difference j Comprises the following steps:
Δd j ＝d j -d 1
wherein j =2,3,4.
The fourth step comprises the following specific steps:
calculating a time difference of arrival influence factor Δ s of the distance difference j J =2,3,4, the expression is as follows:
Δs j ＝Δt j *v
wherein, Δ t j Time difference of arrival, j =2,3,4, i.e. Δ t 2 、Δt 3 、Δt 4 And v is the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave signal and has a unit of m/s.
The concrete method of the fifth step is as follows:
let the distance difference be Δ r j J =2,3,4 respectively representing the difference between the distance from the No. 2, no. 3, no. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source and the distance from the No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source, and calculating the distance difference Δ r from the RSSI influence factor of the distance difference and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance difference j The model is as follows:
the sixth step and the seventh step are specifically as follows:
the distance difference equation is established as follows:
solving a distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate (x) of the partial discharge source P ，y P ，z P )。
And solving the distance difference equation set by using a Newton iteration method.
Examples of the applications
A method for positioning defective equipment in an open-type substation comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring electromagnetic wave signals
Four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are arranged, namely a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and electromagnetic wave signals h received by the four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors i Wherein i =1,2,3,4 is the number of the ultrasonic sensor, h 1 Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h 2 Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h 3 Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor 4 The electromagnetic wave signal is received by a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor;
approximating an open-type substationRegarding as a square area with a length of 6m and a width of 6m, four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are respectively installed at four right angles, the position coordinates of the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors No. 1, no. 2, no. 3 and No. 4 are respectively (0, 0.85), (6.00, 0, 1.82), (6.00, 2.12), (0, 6.00, 2.51), the unit is m, the coordinate of the local discharge source is (x), and the unit is m P ，y P ，z P )；
The second step is that: obtaining characteristic parameters of electromagnetic wave signals
Acquiring the electromagnetic wave signal h i The received signal strength is subjected to Gaussian filtering and normalization processing to obtain an RSSI value P R1 、P R2 、P R3 、P R4 0.68, 1.21, 1.73, 0.68, respectively;
method for acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h by utilizing generalized cross-correlation method 2 And electromagnetic wave signal h 1 Time difference of arrival Δ t 2 Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h 3 And electromagnetic wave signal h 1 Time difference of arrival Δ t 3 Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h 4 And electromagnetic wave signal h 1 Time difference of arrival Δ t 4 ；
The third step: calculating RSSI value impact factor of range difference
Let d be the distance between the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and the partial discharge source calculated based on the RSSI value i I denotes the number of the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, i =1,2,3,4, and the expression is:
wherein A is a radio frequency parameter, and n is an environment dissipation index, which can be measured by field tests;
to obtain d 1 ，d 2 ，d 3 ，d 4 5.04m,5.57m,4.17m and 3.0m respectively.
Obtaining the influence factor Delta d of the RSSI value of the distance difference 1 、Δd 2 、Δd 3 、Δd 4 0.53m, -0.87m and-2.04 m respectively;
the fourth step: calculating time difference of arrival impact factors for range differences
Calculating a time difference of arrival influence factor Δ s of the distance difference j J =2,3,4, the expression is as follows:
Δs j ＝Δt j *v
wherein, Δ t j Time difference of arrival, j =2,3,4, i.e. Δ t 2 、Δt 3 、Δt 4 V is the speed of propagation of the electromagnetic wave signal and is 3X 10 8 m/s；
The fifth step: establishing a distance difference calculation model
Let the distance difference be Δ r j J =2,3,4 respectively representing the difference between the distance from the No. 2, no. 3, no. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source and the distance from the No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source, and calculating the distance difference Δ r from the RSSI influence factor of the distance difference and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance difference by the cooperative analysis of the RSSI value and the arrival time difference j The model is as follows:
to obtain Δ r 2 、Δr 3 、Δr 4 1.06m, 0.27m and 1.83m respectively;
and a sixth step: establishing a distance difference equation set
The distance difference equation is established as follows:
the seventh step: solving a system of distance difference equations
And (3) solving a distance difference equation set in the sixth step by using a Newton iteration method to obtain the position coordinates (2.21, 4.41 and 1.85) of the local discharge source, wherein the error between the position coordinates and the actual position is only 0.17m, and the positioning precision is high.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A method for positioning defective equipment in an open type transformer substation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring an electromagnetic wave signal;
the second step is that: acquiring characteristic parameters of electromagnetic wave signals;
the third step: calculating the RSSI value influence factor of the distance difference;
the fourth step: calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor of the distance difference;
the fifth step: establishing a distance difference calculation model;
and a sixth step: establishing a distance difference equation set;
the seventh step: solving a distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinates of the local discharge source;
the third step is a specific method:
let d be the distance between the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and the partial discharge source calculated based on the RSSI value i I denotes the number of the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, i =1,2,3,4, and the expression is:
wherein A is a radio frequency parameter, and n is an environment dissipation index;
obtaining the influence factor Delta d of the RSSI value of the distance difference j Comprises the following steps:
Δd j ＝d j -d 1
wherein j =2,3,4;
the fourth step comprises the following specific steps:
calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor Δ s for the distance difference j J =2,3,4, the expression is as follows:
Δs j ＝Δt j *v
wherein, Δ t j Time difference of arrival, j =2,3,4, i.e. Δ t 2 、Δt 3 、Δt 4 V is the propagation speed of electromagnetic wave signals and has a unit of m/s;
the fifth step comprises the following specific steps:
let the distance difference be Deltar j J =2,3,4 respectively representing the difference between the distance from the No. 2, no. 3, no. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source and the distance from the No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source, and calculating the distance difference Δ r from the RSSI influence factor of the distance difference and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance difference j The model is as follows:
the sixth step and the seventh step are specifically as follows:
the distance difference equation is established as follows:
solving a distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate (x) of the partial discharge source P ，y P ，z P )。
2. The method for locating the defective equipment in the open substation according to claim 1, wherein the open substation is approximately regarded as a square area, and four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are respectively installed at four right angles.
3. The method for locating defective equipment in an open substation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the specific method of the first step is:
four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are arranged in sequenceThe electromagnetic wave signals h received by four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, no. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, no. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor i Wherein i =1,2,3,4 is the number of the UHF wireless sensor, h 1 Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h 2 Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor 3 Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor 4 The electromagnetic wave signal is received by a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor;
(x 1 ，y 1 ，z 1 )、(x 2 ，y 2 ，z 2 )、(x 3 ，y 3 ，z 3 )、(x 4 ，y 4 ，z 4 ) Respectively representing the position coordinates of No. 1, no. 2, no. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors, and the coordinate of a local discharge source is (x) P ，y P ，z P )。
4. The method for locating defective equipment in an open substation according to claim 3, characterized in that the specific method of the second step is:
acquiring the electromagnetic wave signal h i The received signal strength is subjected to Gaussian filtering and normalization processing to obtain an RSSI value P Ri I =1,2,3,4; method for acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h by utilizing generalized cross-correlation method 2 And electromagnetic wave signal h 1 Time difference of arrival Δ t 2 Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h 3 And electromagnetic wave signal h 1 Time difference of arrival Δ t 3 Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h 4 And electromagnetic wave signal h 2 Time difference of arrival Δ t 4 。
5. Method for locating defective equipment in open substations according to claim 1, characterized in that: and solving the distance difference equation set by using a Newton iteration method.
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