CN113343169A - Method for positioning defective equipment in open-type transformer substation - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for positioning defective equipment in an open-type substation, and belongs to the technical field of online monitoring of substation equipment. According to the method, firstly, electromagnetic wave signals are obtained through four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors arranged in an open-type transformer substation, then the received signal strength of the electromagnetic wave signals is obtained, the arrival time difference is obtained through a generalized cross-correlation method, then the RSSI value influence factor of the distance difference is calculated, then the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance difference is calculated, then a calculation model of the distance difference and a distance difference equation set are established, and finally an equation set is solved through a Newton iteration method, so that the position coordinates of a local discharge source are obtained. The method effectively improves the positioning precision and efficiency of the defect equipment in the open type transformer substation, and is easy to popularize and apply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of online monitoring of substation equipment, and particularly relates to a method for positioning defective equipment in an open-type substation.
Background
The open-type transformer substation plays a vital role in a power system, and has great significance in safe operation. A large body of data indicates that the main cause of defects in open substation equipment is the deterioration of its insulating properties. Partial discharge is a main cause and one of main symptoms of insulation degradation of power equipment, and has important significance in online monitoring and accurate positioning. The power equipment can generate electromagnetic wave signals during partial discharge, so that the partial discharge defect equipment in the open-type transformer substation is detected and positioned by detecting the electromagnetic wave signals.
Due to the fact that the open-type transformer substation is provided with a plurality of devices including a transformer, a circuit breaker, a voltage transformer and the like, a huge challenge is brought to the positioning of partial discharge defect devices. The partial discharge positioning can be realized by ultrasonic waves, chemical reactions, ultrahigh frequency and other methods, wherein ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic waves have better performances in the aspects of anti-interference performance, propagation speed, sensitivity and the like. The current partial discharge ultrahigh frequency positioning method realizes positioning by a single RSSI technology or arrival time difference, that is, positioning is performed only by one of the time difference or received signal strength, and the influence of another characteristic quantity factor on the positioning result is often ignored, resulting in a large positioning error. Therefore, a method for positioning defective equipment in an open-type substation is urgently needed, and accurate positioning of the defective equipment can be realized through cooperative analysis of received signal strength and arrival time difference based on an ultrahigh frequency method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for positioning defective equipment in an open type transformer substation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for positioning defective equipment in an open-type substation comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring an electromagnetic wave signal;
the second step is that: acquiring characteristic parameters of electromagnetic wave signals;
the third step: calculating an RSSI value influence factor of the distance difference;
the fourth step: calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor of the distance difference;
the fifth step: establishing a distance difference calculation model;
and a sixth step: establishing a distance difference equation set;
the seventh step: and solving the distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate of the local discharge source.
Further, preferably, the open-type substation is approximately regarded as a square area, and then the four ultrahigh-frequency wireless sensors are respectively installed at four right angles.
Further, it is preferable that the specific method of the first step is:
four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are arranged, namely a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and electromagnetic wave signals h received by the four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensorsiWherein i is 1, 2, 3, 4 is the number of the ultrasonic sensor, h1Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h2Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor3Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor4The signal is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor;
(x1，y1，z1)、(x2，y2，z2)、(x3，y3，z3)、(x4，y4，z4) Respectively representing the position coordinates of No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors, and the coordinate of a local discharge source is (x)P，yP，zP)。
Further, it is preferable that the specific method of the second step is:
acquiring the electromagnetic wave signal hiThe received signal strength is subjected to Gaussian filtering and normalization processing to obtain an RSSI value PRiI is 1, 2, 3, 4; method for acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h by utilizing generalized cross-correlation method2And electromagnetic wave signal h1Time difference of arrival Δ t2Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h3And electromagnetic wave signal h1Time difference of arrival Δ t3Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h4And electromagnetic wave signal h2Time difference of arrival Δ t4。
Further, it is preferable that the third step is a specific method:
let d be the distance between the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and the partial discharge source calculated based on the RSSI valueiI represents the number of the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, i is 1, 2, 3 and 4, and the expression is as follows:
wherein A is a radio frequency parameter, and n is an environment dissipation index;
obtaining the influence factor Delta d of the RSSI value of the distance differencejComprises the following steps:
Δdj＝dj-d1
wherein j is 2, 3, 4.
Further, it is preferable that the fourth step is a specific method comprising:
calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor Δ s of a distance differencejJ is 2, 3, 4, the expression is as follows:
Δsj＝Δtj*v
wherein, Δ tjTime difference of arrival, j being 2, 3, 4, i.e. Δ t2、Δt3、Δt4And v is the speed of propagation of the electromagnetic wave signal, in m/s.
Further, it is preferable that the fifth step is a specific method comprising:
let the distance difference be DeltarjJ is 2, 3 and 4, which respectively represent the difference between the distance from the No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source and the distance from the No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source, and the distance difference delta r is calculated by the RSSI influence factor of the distance difference and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance differencejThe model is as follows:
further, it is preferable that the specific method of the sixth step and the seventh step is:
the distance difference equation is established as follows:
solving a distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate (x) of the partial discharge sourceP，yP，zP)。
Further, it is preferable that the distance difference equation set is solved by using a newton iteration method.
In the invention, A is a radio frequency parameter, and n is an environment dissipation index, which can be measured by field tests.
According to the invention, through the cooperative analysis of the RSSI value and the arrival time difference, the distance difference delta r is calculated by the RSSI influence factor of the distance difference and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance differencej。
Normalization in the present invention can be performed using a Z-score normalization method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for positioning defective equipment in an open-type transformer substation, according to the method disclosed by the invention, the RSSI value and the arrival time difference of the received signal strength are obtained by electromagnetic wave signals, the RSSI value influence factor and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance difference are further obtained by calculation, a calculation model of the distance difference and a distance difference equation set are established through the cooperative analysis of the received signal strength and the arrival time difference, and finally the equation set is solved through a Newton iteration method. The method can reduce the positioning error caused by selecting single characteristic quantity, can realize the accurate positioning of the defective equipment in the open type transformer substation, and has the average positioning error lower than 0.25 m.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for locating defective devices in an open substation according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The materials or equipment used are not indicated by manufacturers, and all are conventional products available by purchase.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for positioning defective devices in an open-type substation includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring an electromagnetic wave signal;
the second step is that: acquiring characteristic parameters of electromagnetic wave signals;
the third step: calculating an RSSI value influence factor of the distance difference;
the fourth step: calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor of the distance difference;
the fifth step: establishing a distance difference calculation model;
and a sixth step: establishing a distance difference equation set;
the seventh step: and solving the distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate of the local discharge source.
And (3) approximately regarding the open-type transformer substation as a square area, and respectively installing the four ultrahigh-frequency wireless sensors at the four right angles.
The first step is specifically as follows:
four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are arranged, namely a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and electromagnetic wave signals h received by the four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensorsiWherein i is 1, 2, 3, 4 is the number of the ultrasonic sensor, h1Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h2Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor3Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor4The signal is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor;
(x1，y1，z1)、(x2，y2，z2)、(x3，y3，z3)、(x4，y4，z4) Respectively representing the position coordinates of No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors, and the coordinate of a local discharge source is (x)P，yP，zP)。
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, a method for positioning defective devices in an open-type substation includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring an electromagnetic wave signal;
the second step is that: acquiring characteristic parameters of electromagnetic wave signals;
the third step: calculating an RSSI value influence factor of the distance difference;
the fourth step: calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor of the distance difference;
the fifth step: establishing a distance difference calculation model;
and a sixth step: establishing a distance difference equation set;
the seventh step: and solving the distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate of the local discharge source.
And (3) approximately regarding the open-type transformer substation as a square area, and respectively installing the four ultrahigh-frequency wireless sensors at the four right angles.
The first step is specifically as follows:
four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are arranged, namely a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and electromagnetic wave signals h received by the four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensorsiWherein i is 1, 2, 3, 4 is the number of the ultrasonic sensor, h1Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h2Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor3Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor4The signal is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor;
(x1，y1，z1)、(x2，y2，z2)、(x3，y3，z3)、(x4，y4，z4) Respectively representing the position coordinates of No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors, and the coordinate of a local discharge source is (x)P，yP，zP)。
The second step is a specific method:
acquiring the electromagnetic wave signal hiThe received signal strength is subjected to Gaussian filtering and normalization processing to obtain an RSSI value PRiI is 1, 2, 3, 4; method for acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h by utilizing generalized cross-correlation method2And electromagnetic wave signal h1Time difference of arrival Δ t2Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h3And electromagnetic wave signal h1Time difference of arrival Δ t3Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h4And electromagnetic wave signal h2Time difference of arrival Δ t4。
The third step is a specific method:
let d be the distance between the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and the partial discharge source calculated based on the RSSI valueiI represents superfrequencyThe number of the line sensor, i ═ 1, 2, 3, 4, the expression is:
wherein A is a radio frequency parameter, and n is an environment dissipation index;
obtaining the influence factor Delta d of the RSSI value of the distance differencejComprises the following steps:
Δdj＝dj-d1
wherein j is 2, 3, 4.
The fourth step comprises the following specific steps:
calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor Δ s of a distance differencejJ is 2, 3, 4, the expression is as follows:
Δsj＝Δtj*v
wherein, Δ tjTime difference of arrival, j being 2, 3, 4, i.e. Δ t2、Δt3、Δt4And v is the speed of propagation of the electromagnetic wave signal, in m/s.
The fifth step comprises the following specific steps:
let the distance difference be DeltarjJ is 2, 3 and 4, which respectively represent the difference between the distance from the No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source and the distance from the No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source, and the distance difference delta r is calculated by the RSSI influence factor of the distance difference and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance differencejThe model is as follows:
example 3
As shown in fig. 1, a method for positioning defective devices in an open-type substation includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring an electromagnetic wave signal;
the second step is that: acquiring characteristic parameters of electromagnetic wave signals;
the third step: calculating an RSSI value influence factor of the distance difference;
the fourth step: calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor of the distance difference;
the fifth step: establishing a distance difference calculation model;
and a sixth step: establishing a distance difference equation set;
the seventh step: and solving the distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate of the local discharge source.
And (3) approximately regarding the open-type transformer substation as a square area, and respectively installing the four ultrahigh-frequency wireless sensors at the four right angles.
The first step is specifically as follows:
four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are arranged, namely a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and electromagnetic wave signals h received by the four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensorsiWherein i is 1, 2, 3, 4 is the number of the ultrasonic sensor, h1Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h2Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor3Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor4The signal is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor;
(x1，y1，z1)、(x2，y2，z2)、(x3，y3，z3)、(x4，y4，z4) Respectively representing the position coordinates of No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors, and the coordinate of a local discharge source is (x)P，yP，zP)。
The second step is a specific method:
acquiring the electromagnetic wave signal hiThe received signal strength is subjected to Gaussian filtering and normalization processing to obtain an RSSI value PRiI is 1, 2, 3, 4; method for acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h by utilizing generalized cross-correlation method2And electromagnetic wave signal h1Time difference of arrival Δ t2Obtaining electromagnetismWave signal h3And electromagnetic wave signal h1Time difference of arrival Δ t3Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h4And electromagnetic wave signal h2Time difference of arrival Δ t4。
The third step is a specific method:
let d be the distance between the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and the partial discharge source calculated based on the RSSI valueiI represents the number of the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, i is 1, 2, 3 and 4, and the expression is as follows:
wherein A is a radio frequency parameter, and n is an environment dissipation index;
obtaining the influence factor Delta d of the RSSI value of the distance differencejComprises the following steps:
Δdj＝dj-d1
wherein j is 2, 3, 4.
The fourth step comprises the following specific steps:
calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor Δ s of a distance differencejJ is 2, 3, 4, the expression is as follows:
Δsj＝Δtj*v
wherein, Δ tjTime difference of arrival, j being 2, 3, 4, i.e. Δ t2、Δt3、Δt4And v is the speed of propagation of the electromagnetic wave signal, in m/s.
The fifth step comprises the following specific steps:
let the distance difference be DeltarjJ is 2, 3 and 4, which respectively represent the difference between the distance from the No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source and the distance from the No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source, and the distance difference delta r is calculated by the RSSI influence factor of the distance difference and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance differencejThe model is as follows:
the sixth step and the seventh step are specifically as follows:
the distance difference equation is established as follows:
solving a distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate (x) of the partial discharge sourceP，yP，zP)。
And solving the distance difference equation set by using a Newton iteration method.
Examples of the applications
A method for positioning defective equipment in an open-type substation comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring electromagnetic wave signals
Four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are arranged, namely a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and electromagnetic wave signals h received by the four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensorsiWherein i is 1, 2, 3, 4 is the number of the ultrasonic sensor, h1Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h2Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor3Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor4The signal is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor;
the open-type transformer substation is approximately regarded as a square area with the length of 6m and the width of 6m, four ultrahigh-frequency wireless sensors are respectively installed at four right angles, the position coordinates of the No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh-frequency wireless sensors are respectively (0, 0, 0.85), (6.00, 0, 1.82), (6.00, 6.00, 2.12) and (0, 6.00, 2.51), the unit is m, the coordinate of a local discharge source is (x)P，yP，zP)；
The second step is that: obtaining characteristic parameters of electromagnetic wave signals
Acquiring the electromagnetic wave signal hiSignal ofReceiving the strength, and performing Gaussian filtering and normalization processing to obtain an RSSI value PR1、PR2、PR3、PR40.68, 1.21, 1.73, 0.68, respectively;
method for acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h by utilizing generalized cross-correlation method2And electromagnetic wave signal h1Time difference of arrival Δ t2Acquiring an electromagnetic wave signal h3And electromagnetic wave signal h1Time difference of arrival Δ t3Acquiring an electromagnetic wave signal h4And electromagnetic wave signal h1Time difference of arrival Δ t4；
The third step: calculating RSSI value impact factor of range difference
Let d be the distance between the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and the partial discharge source calculated based on the RSSI valueiI represents the number of the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, i is 1, 2, 3 and 4, and the expression is as follows:
wherein A is a radio frequency parameter, and n is an environment dissipation index, which can be measured by field tests;
to obtain d1，d2，d3，d45.04m, 5.57m, 4.17m and 3.0m respectively.
Obtaining the influence factor Delta d of the RSSI value of the distance difference1、Δd2、Δd3、Δd4Respectively 0.53m, -0.87m and-2.04 m;
the fourth step: calculating time difference of arrival impact factors for range differences
Calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor Δ s of a distance differencejJ is 2, 3, 4, the expression is as follows:
Δsj＝Δtj*v
wherein, Δ tjTime difference of arrival, j being 2, 3, 4, i.e. Δ t2、Δt3、Δt4V is the speed of propagation of the electromagnetic wave signal and is 3X 108m/s；
The fifth step: establishing a distance difference calculation model
Let the distance difference be DeltarjJ is 2, 3 and 4, which respectively represent the difference between the distance from the No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source and the distance from the No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source, and the distance difference delta r is calculated by the RSSI influence factor of the distance difference and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance difference through the cooperative analysis of the RSSI value and the arrival time differencejThe model is as follows:
to obtain Δ r2、Δr3、Δr41.06m, 0.27m and 1.83m respectively;
and a sixth step: establishing a distance difference equation set
The distance difference equation is established as follows:
the seventh step: solving a system of distance difference equations
And (3) solving a distance difference equation set in the sixth step by using a Newton iteration method to obtain the position coordinates (2.21, 4.41 and 1.85) of the local discharge source, wherein the error between the position coordinates and the actual position is only 0.17m, and the positioning precision is high.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A method for positioning defective equipment in an open type transformer substation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring an electromagnetic wave signal;
the second step is that: acquiring characteristic parameters of electromagnetic wave signals;
the third step: calculating an RSSI value influence factor of the distance difference;
the fourth step: calculating a time difference of arrival impact factor of the distance difference;
the fifth step: establishing a distance difference calculation model;
and a sixth step: establishing a distance difference equation set;
the seventh step: and solving the distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate of the local discharge source.
2. The method for locating defective equipment in an open substation according to claim 1, wherein the open substation is approximately regarded as a square area, and four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are respectively installed at four right angles.
3. The method for locating defective equipment in an open substation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the specific method of the first step is:
four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensors are arranged, namely a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and electromagnetic wave signals h received by the four ultrahigh frequency wireless sensorsiWherein i is 1, 2, 3, 4 is the number of the ultrasonic sensor, h1Is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor h2Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 2 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor3Is an electromagnetic wave signal h received by a No. 3 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor4The signal is an electromagnetic wave signal received by a No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor;
(x1，y1，z1)、(x2，y2，z2)、(x3，y3，z3)、(x4，y4，z4) Respectively representing No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensorsThe coordinates of the partial discharge source are (x)P，yP，zP)。
4. The method for locating defective equipment in an open substation according to claim 3, characterized in that the specific method of the second step is:
acquiring the electromagnetic wave signal hiThe received signal strength is subjected to Gaussian filtering and normalization processing to obtain an RSSI value PRiI is 1, 2, 3, 4; method for acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h by utilizing generalized cross-correlation method2And electromagnetic wave signal h1Time difference of arrival Δ t2Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h3And electromagnetic wave signal h1Time difference of arrival Δ t3Acquiring electromagnetic wave signal h4And electromagnetic wave signal h2Time difference of arrival Δ t4。
5. The method for locating defective equipment in an open substation according to claim 4, characterized in that the third step is a specific method:
let d be the distance between the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor and the partial discharge source calculated based on the RSSI valueiI represents the number of the ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor, i is 1, 2, 3 and 4, and the expression is as follows:
wherein A is a radio frequency parameter, and n is an environment dissipation index;
obtaining the influence factor Delta d of the RSSI value of the distance differencejComprises the following steps:
Δdj＝dj-d1
wherein j is 2, 3, 4.
6. The method for locating defective equipment in an open substation according to claim 5, characterized in that the concrete method of the fourth step is:
computing range difference arrivalTime difference influencing factor Δ sjJ is 2, 3, 4, the expression is as follows:
Δsj＝Δtj*v
wherein, Δ tjTime difference of arrival, j being 2, 3, 4, i.e. Δ t2、Δt3、Δt4And v is the speed of propagation of the electromagnetic wave signal, in m/s.
7. The method for positioning defective equipment in an open substation according to claim 6, characterized in that the concrete method of the fifth step is:
let the distance difference be DeltarjJ is 2, 3 and 4, which respectively represent the difference between the distance from the No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source and the distance from the No. 1 ultrahigh frequency wireless sensor to the local discharge source, and the distance difference delta r is calculated by the RSSI influence factor of the distance difference and the arrival time difference influence factor of the distance differencejThe model is as follows:
8. the method for locating defective equipment in an open substation according to claim 7, characterized in that the specific method of the sixth step and the seventh step is:
the distance difference equation is established as follows:
solving a distance difference equation set to obtain the position coordinate (x) of the partial discharge sourceP，yP，zP)。
9. Method for locating defective equipment in open substations according to claim 8, characterized in that: and solving the distance difference equation set by using a Newton iteration method.
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