CN113340758A - Device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater and method for detecting cadmium content in chlamys farreri bait - Google Patents

Device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater and method for detecting cadmium content in chlamys farreri bait Download PDF

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CN113340758A
CN113340758A CN202110612537.3A CN202110612537A CN113340758A CN 113340758 A CN113340758 A CN 113340758A CN 202110612537 A CN202110612537 A CN 202110612537A CN 113340758 A CN113340758 A CN 113340758A
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bait
chlamys farreri
funnel
glass fiber
seawater
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徐英江
韩典峰
田秀慧
宫向红
崔艳梅
姜芳
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Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N5/00Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K80/00Harvesting oysters, mussels, sponges or the like
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/34Purifying; Cleaning

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of analysis and detection, and particularly relates to a device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater and a method for detecting cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait. The invention provides a device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater, which comprises a funnel (8), a biological filter screen (4) for sealing the opening at the top of the funnel and a glass fiber filter membrane (5) covered on the surface of a leak hole in the funnel; the aperture of the biological filter screen is 55-65 μm, and the aperture of the glass fiber filter membrane is 1.8-2.2 μm. The invention can obtain plankton or solid small particles in the seawater within a specific particle size range by limiting the pore diameters of the two filter membranes, and the substances within the particle size range can be filtered and eaten by the chlamys farreri. The obtained chlamys farreri bait is subjected to cadmium content detection, so that the cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait in seawater can be accurately determined, and technical support is provided for researching the source, transmission and occurrence states of the cadmium in the chlamys farreri.

Description

Device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater and method for detecting cadmium content in chlamys farreri bait
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of analysis and detection, and particularly relates to a device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater and a method for detecting cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait.
Background
With the increasing awareness of the harm of heavy metal elements in food to human bodies, countries in the world set strict indexes for limiting the amount of heavy metal in aquatic products, and carry out pollution control and risk management on the content of heavy metal in aquatic products. At present, the research on heavy metals in aquatic products mainly focuses on three aspects: firstly, the source and distribution of heavy metals in aquatic products; secondly, the relationship between the occurrence form of heavy metal and toxicity and absorption; thirdly, the toxicity mechanism and the combined effect of heavy metals.
Cadmium has the characteristics of strong enrichment and weak precipitation in the chlamys farreri body, so that the content of cadmium in the chlamys farreri body is higher and even exceeds the national limit standard, and the cadmium causes harm to the health of a human body. Research shows that floating plants in filtered seawater are the main way for chlamys farreri to enrich the heavy metal cadmium. How to obtain a large amount of chlamys farreri bait from seawater accurately and further research the source, transmission and occurrence forms of cadmium in the chlamys farreri is a key for determining the accumulation and transformation mechanism of the cadmium in the chlamys farreri body.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater and a method for detecting cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait. The device provided by the invention can be used for obtaining the chlamys farreri bait from seawater in a large amount and accurately; the method can provide technical support for researching the source, transmission and occurrence forms of the cadmium in the chlamys farreri by detecting the content of the cadmium in the obtained chlamys farreri bait.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater, which comprises a funnel 8, a biological filter screen 4 for sealing the opening at the top of the funnel and a glass fiber filter membrane 5 for covering the surface of a leak in the funnel;
the aperture of the biological filter screen is 55-65 μm, and the aperture of the glass fiber filter membrane is 1.8-2.2 μm.
Preferably, the funnel comprises buchner funnel 3;
when the funnel is buchner funnel 3, the device still includes through rubber buffer 2 with 3 sealed intercommunications' of liquid outlet buchner funnel 1 to and through hose 6 with the vacuum pump 7 of suction nozzle intercommunication of suction bottle 1.
The invention also provides a method for detecting the cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait, which comprises the following steps:
the device of the technical scheme is used for filtering seawater, the glass fiber filter membrane in the device is dried to constant weight before filtering, then weighing is carried out, the cadmium content of the glass fiber filter membrane is detected, and the weight is recorded as m0And the cadmium content is marked as X0(ii) a Taking out the filtered glass fiber filter membrane, drying to constant weight, weighing, and recording the weight as m1(ii) a Carrying out cadmium content detection on the filtered glass fiber filter membrane dried to constant weight to obtain a cadmium content mark X1
Calculating the cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait according to a formula shown in the formula 1:
Figure BDA0003096479520000021
wherein XBait materialThe unit is the content of cadmium in the chlamys farreri bait, and the unit is mug/g;
X1unit of (d) is [ mu ] g/g, X0In units of μ g/g, m0Has the unit of g, m1The unit of (c) is g.
Preferably, the drying temperature for drying to constant weight before and after filtration is 35-39 ℃ independently.
Preferably, the method for detecting the cadmium content comprises an atomic fluorescence detection method, an atomic absorption detection method or an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method.
Preferably, when the device comprises a vacuum pump (7), the filtration is reduced-pressure filtration, and the negative pressure in the vacuum filtration bottle (1) is 0-40 kPa.
The invention provides a device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater, which comprises a funnel 8, a biological filter screen 4 for sealing the opening at the top of the funnel and a glass fiber filter membrane 5 for covering the surface of a leak in the funnel; the aperture of the biological filter screen is 55-65 μm, and the aperture of the glass fiber filter membrane is 1.8-2.2 μm. The device provided by the invention is provided with two filter membranes with different pore diameters, plankton or solid small particles in a specific particle size range in seawater can be obtained by limiting the pore diameters of the two filter membranes, and substances in the particle size range can be filtered by chlamys farreri. The device provided by the invention can well obtain the chlamys farreri bait in the seawater.
The invention also provides a method for detecting the cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait, which comprises the following steps: the device of the technical scheme is used for filtering seawater, the glass fiber filter membrane in the device is dried to constant weight before filtering, then weighing is carried out, the cadmium content of the glass fiber filter membrane is detected, and the weight is recorded as m0And the cadmium content is marked as X0(ii) a Taking out the filtered glass fiber filter membrane, drying to constant weight, weighing, and recording the weight as m1(ii) a Carrying out cadmium content detection on the filtered glass fiber filter membrane dried to constant weight to obtain a cadmium content mark X1(ii) a Calculating the cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait according to a formula shown in the formula 1:
Figure BDA0003096479520000031
wherein XBait materialThe unit is the content of cadmium in the chlamys farreri bait, and the unit is mug/g; x1Unit of (d) is [ mu ] g/g, X0In units of μ g/g, m0Has the unit of g, m1The unit of (c) is g. The method can accurately determine the cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait in the seawater by acquiring the chlamys farreri bait in the seawater and detecting the cadmium content of the bait, thereby researching the source and the transmission of the cadmium in the chlamys farreriAnd the occurrence state provides technical support.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater;
wherein 8 is a funnel, 4 is a biological filter screen, and 5 is a glass fiber filter membrane.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus for obtaining bait of chlamys farreri from seawater used in example 1;
1 is the buchner flask, 2 is the rubber buffer, 3 is buchner funnel, 4 is biological filter screen, 5 is the glass fiber filter membrane, 6 is the hose, and 7 is the vacuum pump.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater, which comprises a funnel 8, a biological filter screen 4 for sealing the opening at the top of the funnel and a glass fiber filter membrane 5 for covering the surface of a leak in the funnel;
the aperture of the biological filter screen is 55-65 μm, and the aperture of the glass fiber filter membrane is 1.8-2.2 μm.
In the present invention, the device for obtaining the chlamys farreri bait from seawater is schematically shown in fig. 1, wherein 8 is a funnel, 4 is a biological filter screen, and 5 is a glass fiber filter membrane.
In the present invention, the funnel preferably comprises a buchner funnel 3, and when the funnel is a buchner funnel 3, the device further preferably comprises a filtration bottle 1 which is in sealed communication with a liquid outlet of the buchner funnel 3 through a rubber stopper 2, and a vacuum pump 7 which is in communication with an air suction nozzle of the filtration bottle 1 through a hose 6.
The device provided by the invention comprises a biological filter screen for sealing the opening at the top of the funnel, wherein the pore size of the biological filter screen is preferably 60 mu m; in the present invention, the diameter of the biological filter 4 is greater than the diameter of the upper opening of the funnel, and the diameter of the biological filter 4 and the diameter of the upper opening of the funnel are not particularly limited as long as the biological filter 4 can completely cover the upper opening of the funnel. In the present invention, the biological filter 4 can filter impurities with a diameter of more than 65 μm from seawater.
The device provided by the invention comprises a glass fiber filter membrane covering the surface of the leak in the funnel, and the pore size of the glass fiber filter membrane is preferably 2 mu m. In the invention, the glass fiber filter membrane 5 can filter out bait filtered by chlamys farreri in seawater. The diameter of the glass fiber filter membrane in the present invention is preferably equal to the inner diameter of the funnel.
The invention also provides a method for detecting the cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait, which comprises the following steps:
the device of the technical scheme is used for filtering seawater, the glass fiber filter membrane in the device is dried to constant weight before filtering, then weighing is carried out, the cadmium content of the glass fiber filter membrane is detected, and the weight is recorded as m0And the cadmium content is marked as X0(ii) a Taking out the filtered glass fiber filter membrane, drying to constant weight, weighing, and recording the weight as m1
Carrying out cadmium content detection on the filtered glass fiber filter membrane dried to constant weight to obtain a cadmium content mark X1
Calculating the cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait according to a formula shown in the formula 1:
Figure BDA0003096479520000041
wherein, XBait materialThe unit is the content of cadmium in the chlamys farreri bait, and the unit is mug/g;
X1unit of (d) is [ mu ] g/g, X0In units of μ g/g, m0Has the unit of g, m1The unit of (c) is g.
According to the technical scheme, the device is used for filtering seawater, a glass fiber filter membrane in the device is dried to constant weight before filtering, then the device is weighed, the cadmium content of the glass fiber filter membrane is detected, and the weight is recorded as m0And the cadmium content is marked as X0(ii) a Taking out the filtered glass fiber filter membrane, drying to constant weight, weighing, and recording the weight as m1. In the invention, the drying temperature for drying to constant weight before filtration is preferably 35-39 ℃, and more preferably 37 ℃; the drying time for drying to constant weight before filtration is not particularly limited, as long as the glass fiber filter membrane can achieve constant weight.
In the present invention, when the funnel 8 in the apparatus is a buchner funnel 3, the apparatus further preferably comprises a vacuum pump 7, the filtration is reduced pressure filtration, and the negative pressure in the filtration bottle 1 in the reduced pressure filtration is preferably 0 to 40kPa, and more preferably 10 to 30 kPa. In the present invention, the negative pressure is provided by a vacuum pump 7.
In the invention, the volume of the seawater for filtration is preferably 18-22L, and more preferably 20L. In the present invention, the seawater is preferably seawater in a chlamys farreri culture area. In the present invention, the filtration preferably further comprises: and cleaning the filter residue adsorbed on the surface of the glass fiber filter membrane after filtration. In the invention, the cleaning solvent is preferably deionized water, and the volume of the solvent is preferably 480-520 mL, and more preferably 500 mL. The invention can remove the seawater components in the filter residue through the cleaning.
In the invention, the drying temperature for drying after filtration to constant weight is preferably 35-39 ℃, and more preferably 37 ℃; the drying time is not particularly limited, and the drying time can be constant.
The method comprises the steps of drying the glass fiber filter membrane in the device to constant weight before filtration, weighing, and detecting the cadmium content of the glass fiber filter membrane. In the invention, the method for detecting the cadmium content preferably comprises an atomic fluorescence detection method, an atomic absorption detection method or an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method, and more preferably an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method. According to the invention, by detecting the cadmium content in the glass fiber filter membrane before filtration, the influence of the cadmium content in the glass fiber filter membrane on the cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait in seawater can be eliminated, and the accuracy of the detection result can be improved.
The invention carries out cadmium content detection on the filtered glass fiber filter membrane dried to constant weight to obtain the cadmium content recorded as X1. In the invention, the method for detecting the cadmium content preferably comprises an atomic fluorescence detection method, an atomic absorption detection method or an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method, and more preferably an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method.
The invention calculates the cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait according to the formula shown in the formula 1:
Figure BDA0003096479520000051
wherein, XBait materialThe unit is the content of cadmium in the chlamys farreri bait, and the unit is mug/g;
X1unit of (d) is [ mu ] g/g, X0In units of μ g/g, m0Has the unit of g, m1The unit of (c) is g.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Drying a glass fiber filter membrane with the pore diameter of 2 mu m at 37 ℃ to constant weight, and weighing the weight m00.115 g; detecting the cadmium content of the glass fiber filter membrane, X0=0.032μg/g;
Connecting a device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater according to a schematic diagram shown in fig. 2, specifically, hermetically connecting a buchner funnel 3 with a filter flask 1 through a rubber plug 2, placing a glass fiber filter membrane 5 with the pore diameter of 2 μm on the surface of the lower aperture of the buchner funnel 3, placing a biological filter screen 4 on the surface of the upper aperture of the buchner funnel 3, and connecting a vacuum pump 7 with an air suction nozzle of the filter flask 1 by using a hose 6 to obtain the device for obtaining the chlamys farreri bait from seawater;
filtering seawater in 20L chlamys farreri culture area under reduced pressure (negative pressure in a filter flask 1 is 10kPa), cleaning with 500mL deionized water, taking out the filtered glass fiber filter membrane, drying at 37 deg.C to constant weight, and weighing weight m1=0.223g;
Detecting the cadmium content of the glass fiber filter membrane which is dried to constant weight after filtration, and X12.056 μ g/g; according to
Figure BDA0003096479520000061
The method for detecting the cadmium content comprises the following steps:
placing a sample to be detected in a microwave digestion tube, and adding 10mL of 65% HNO (HNO)3Putting the solution into a microwave digestion instrument for digestion (the microwave digestion conditions are shown in table 1); after microwave digestion, the solution is acidified to be nearly dry at 180 ℃, and 1mL of HNO with the mass concentration of 20 percent is added3The aqueous solution was cooled to room temperature. Transferring the digestion solution into a 25mL colorimetric tube, washing the digestion tube with ultrapure water for 3 times, combining washing solutions, metering volume to 25mL, uniformly mixing, and detecting by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method.
TABLE 1 microwave digestion conditions
Serial number Temperature/. degree.C Retention time/min
1 120 5
2 150 10
3 190 20
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater comprises a funnel (8), a biological filter screen (4) for sealing the opening at the top of the funnel and a glass fiber filter membrane (5) covered on the surface of a leak in the funnel;
the aperture of the biological filter screen is 55-65 μm, and the aperture of the glass fiber filter membrane is 1.8-2.2 μm.
2. Device for extracting chlamys farreri bait from seawater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the funnel comprises a buchner funnel (3);
when the funnel is buchner funnel (3), the device still includes buchner funnel (1) through rubber buffer (2) and the sealed intercommunication of buchner funnel (3) liquid outlet to and through hose (6) with vacuum pump (7) of the suction nozzle intercommunication of buchner funnel (1).
3. A method for detecting the content of cadmium in chlamys farreri bait comprises the following steps:
filtering seawater by using the device of claim 1 or 2, drying a glass fiber filter membrane in the device to constant weight before filtering, weighing, detecting the cadmium content of the glass fiber filter membrane, and recording the weight as m0And the cadmium content is marked as X0(ii) a Taking out the filtered glass fiber filter membrane, drying to constant weight, weighing, and recording the weight as m1(ii) a Carrying out cadmium content detection on the filtered glass fiber filter membrane dried to constant weight to obtain a cadmium content mark X1
Calculating the cadmium content in the chlamys farreri bait according to a formula shown in the formula 1:
Figure FDA0003096479510000011
wherein XBait materialThe unit is the content of cadmium in the chlamys farreri bait, and the unit is mug/g;
X1unit of (d) is [ mu ] g/g, X0The unit of (a) is mu g/g,m0has the unit of g, m1The unit of (c) is g.
4. The detection method according to claim 3, wherein the drying temperature for drying to constant weight before and after filtration is 35-39 ℃ independently.
5. The detection method according to claim 3, wherein the method for detecting the cadmium content comprises an atomic fluorescence detection method, an atomic absorption detection method or an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method.
6. The detection method according to claim 3, wherein when the device comprises a vacuum pump (7), the filtration is reduced pressure filtration in which a negative pressure in the filtration flask (1) is 0 to 40 kPa.
CN202110612537.3A 2021-06-02 2021-06-02 Device for obtaining chlamys farreri bait from seawater and method for detecting cadmium content in chlamys farreri bait Pending CN113340758A (en)

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CN112881376A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-06-01 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院(山东省海洋环境监测中心、山东省水产品质量检验中心) Method for rapidly detecting residual quantity of heavy metal cadmium in aquatic products

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011051696B3 (en) * 2011-07-08 2012-08-02 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Gmbh Method for measuring the layer thickness of organic coatings of metallic base materials
CN104535448A (en) * 2015-01-13 2015-04-22 北京林业大学 Method for measuring absorptive capacity of plant leaves to particles and adsorption particle size grades
CN106525839A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-03-22 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 Method for rapidly detecting content of formaldehyde in paper packaging material on basis of membrane enrichment and colorimetric method
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