CN207649987U - The piece-rate system of suspended particulate substance and planktonic organism suitable for water body - Google Patents
The piece-rate system of suspended particulate substance and planktonic organism suitable for water body Download PDFInfo
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- CN207649987U CN207649987U CN201721087532.9U CN201721087532U CN207649987U CN 207649987 U CN207649987 U CN 207649987U CN 201721087532 U CN201721087532 U CN 201721087532U CN 207649987 U CN207649987 U CN 207649987U
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Abstract
The piece-rate system of the utility model discloses a kind of suitable for water body suspended particulate substance and planktonic organism.The utility model includes planktonic organism collection device, settling vessel, water body collection vessel, liquid-transfering device, Suction filtration device, refrigerating plant, exclusion device and separation liquid container, separate processing operation is successfully carried out to planktonic organism and suspended particulate substance sample using this system, it may be implemented the zooplankter in river water continuously, phytoplankton, suspended particulate substance is efficiently separated successively, the utility model is compact-sized, suitable for normalizing operation, and it can be docked with water body detecting instrument, with widely applicable, simple operation and other advantages, the environmental ecology research that water body is opened for large scale provides important technological means.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to planktonic organism ecological Studies technical fields in river water, suitable more particularly, to one kind
System for plankton quick separating in water body.
Background technology
There are Predatory relation between planktonic organism, zooplankter to the predation of phytoplankton and particulate matter make this three it
Between there are the differences of trophic level, this species diversity can directly result in detections such as isotope, organic pollution and heavy-metal residuals
In the process, the testing result between phytoplankton, zooplankter and particulate matter will produce larger difference, if isotope is from high nutrition
The fractionation of grade to low nutrition grade makes the nitrogen isotope value of zooplankter be far above phytoplankton and particulate matter, and organic
Object contaminates the bioaccumulation effect because of Different Nutrition grade in detection process, but also the organic pollution content in zooplankter body is remote
Higher than as basic food source phytoplankton and particulate matter.Therefore, to the separation of phytoplankton, zooplankter and particulate matter
It is very necessary.
But the phytoplankton, zooplankter and suspended particulate substance in Large River water body often mix, wherein
The particulate matter of small particle is the degradation of upstream or littoral zone macromolecular organic matter, such as dead plant, animal, due to life of swimming
The grain size of object and particulate matter is all in similar range(45 μm~1000 μm), the sample that is acquired with traditional plankton net
Substantially it all mixes, it is difficult to further be detached.
Currently, existing separation phytoplankton, zooplankter, the method for organic particulate matter are sufficiently complex and efficiency is low, example
If external relatively advanced method is divided again with zooplankter after first adsorbing phytoplankton and particulate matter using silica
From in addition to this, also more researcher covers net using multilayer(Different pore size)The mode filtered step by step is to different grains
The planktonic organism of diameter and suspended particulate substance are sieved, the problem of these methods maximum be consumptive material price costly, such as high-purity
Silica adsorbent it is expensive, mostly obtained by the foreign procurement, and although the mode of multilayer set net reduces cost, still
Sample losses amount is big during collection and separation, it is difficult to meet in scientific research the needs of to large sample size.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is for existing separation phytoplankton, zooplankter, organic particulate matter
The deficiency of technology provides a kind of piece-rate system of the suspended particulate substance suitable for water body and planktonic organism.
A kind of piece-rate system of the planktonic organism suitable for water body and particulate matter is provided, including planktonic organism collection device,
Settling vessel, water body collection vessel, liquid-transfering device, Suction filtration device, refrigerating plant, exclusion device and separation liquid container;It swims life
Object collection device connects settling vessel by delivery pipe, and settling vessel lower part is equipped with outlet connection water body collection vessel 1, it is described go out
Mouth is equipped with control switch;Settling vessel top is equipped with opening, opening of the liquid-transfering device 1 through settling vessel top nearly surface water
Water body collection vessel 2 is moved to, water body collection vessel 2 is equipped with inlet connection separation liquid container, and separation liquid container is provided with control
Switch;2 lower part of water body collection vessel is equipped with outlet connection water body collection vessel 3, and the outlet is equipped with control switch;Water body is collected
2 top of container is equipped with opening, and opening nearly surface water of the liquid-transfering device 2 through 2 top of water body collection vessel moves to water body collection
Container 4;Water body collection vessel 3 and water body collection vessel 4 are separately connected Suction filtration device, and Suction filtration device is connected through conveyance conduit and freezed
Device, the refrigerating plant connect exclusion device through conveyance conduit, and exclusion device is separately connected pure sample collector and impurity is collected
Container.
Preferably, the de- filter device of planktonic organism collection device connection.
Preferably, the meter of the separation liquid container connection separating liquid additive amount.
Preferably, the planktonic organism collection device is the plankton net that screen distance is 0.064 mm.
Optionally, the Suction filtration device, refrigerating plant, exclusion device are respectively 2, and water body collection vessel 3 and water body are received
Collection container 4 is sequentially connected with 1 Suction filtration device, 1 refrigerating plant, 1 exclusion device respectively.
Preferably, the Suction filtration device uses 0.45 μm of pore size glass fibrous filter membrane.
Preferably, the temperature of the refrigerating plant setting is -40 DEG C.
Tthe utility model system specifically uses planktonic organism collection device to collect swimming in water body when application
Biology and suspended particulate substance, by the transfer of the sample of the planktonic organism containing suspended particulate substance being collected into as in settling vessel,
Stand 5~after ten minutes, through stand operate after suspended particulate substance can slowly be deposited to container bottom, and swim animal and plant according to
It is old that the nearly surface layer of water body is retained in suspended state, specific time of repose according to the amount of planktonic organism in sample and suspended particulate substance and
It is fixed.Nearly surface water is shifted through liquid-transfering device to new water body collection vessel, is included phytoplankton and is swum to what is be collected into
The water sample of animal further detaches, and the Formaldehyde-water solution of current water body volume ratio 1% is added(Formaldehyde:Water, volume ratio 5:95),
Zooplankter death is set to sink using the poisonous effect of formaldehyde, and Phytoplankton Cells density will continue to retain because approaching with water
In water body at the middle and upper levels.
The suspended particulate substance and phytoplankton sample isolated to the first step are slightly shaken, and have been seen whether apparent
Zooplankter remains, and needs to repeat above-mentioned two steps operation if having observed zooplankter residual with purification of samples, until naked eyes are seen
It examines less than there is apparent zooplankter to move in phytoplankton and particulate collection sample.
Sample after separation is removed into moisture removal using suction filtration mode, diaphragm is filtered and is filtered using 0.45 μm of pore size glass fiber
Film wraps up filtered Sample storage in glass fiber filter, then with tinfoil, is preserved in 4 DEG C of conditions.
Separated swim animal and plant and organic particulate matter sample is right under the conditions of -40 DEG C using refrigerating plant
Swim animal and plant and particulate matter sample be freeze-dried, it is dry after sample screened through exclusion device, pick out individual opposite
Larger zooplankter, to reduce the experimental error generated by the difference of trophic level in detection process.
Water body described in the utility model includes river, lake, reservoir or ocean etc..
Planktonic organism described in the utility model refer to life in water and be in floating state invertebrate is dynamic and rudimentary plant,
Wherein, zooplankter includes mainly protozoan, arthropods, Copepods, Branchiopoda, rotifera etc., and phytoplankton is main
Including Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta, Chrysophyta, Xanthophyta, eight major class of Pyrrhophyta, Cryptophyta and Euglenophyta.Planktonic organism relates to
And phytoplankton, protist and wheel animalcule.
Acquired planktonic organism particle size range is at 45 μm(Trawlnet aperture< 45 μm)More than, according to the body of planktonic organism
Shape size, the planktonic organism type in the acquisition range can be divided into macroplankton(The cm of 2 cm~6), mesoplankton
(The cm of 0.1 cm~2), microplankton(The mm of 0.06 mm~1.0), nanoplankton(5 μm~60 μm), superminiature
Planktonic organism(5 μm hereinafter, include bacterium).
Suspended particulate substance described in the utility model includes that granularity is more than 1 nanometer(nm)All particle entities, the upper limit can
Microns up to a hundred are arrived up to tens of.It is specifically including but not limited to mineral microparticle, inorganic and organic colloid, macromolecule are lived thin
Bacterium, algae etc..
There are Predatory relation, zooplankters to phytoplankton and particulate matter between analyzing plankton for the utility model method
Predation in terms of application or water body isotope, organic pollution and heavy-metal residual context of detection have can be pre-
The applications well of phase.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
The utility model detaches water by settling vessel through subsidence style first by the system structure of device of design science
Suspended particulate substance in body and planktonic organism, standing sedimentation are still the mainly planktonic organism of suspended state after a certain period of time, and
Sedimentation is then essentially suspended particulate substance;Then the tolerance degree difference according to animal and plant PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) toxicity of swimming is recycled, is added
Enter reasonable, the diluted virulence dissociation liquid of specific aim, the animal and plant that will swim further detach, and zooplankter is due to being comparatively fast killed
Water body is fallen to, phytoplankton will continue to be suspended in water body at the middle and upper levels;Above-mentioned two step is further repeated, until visually observing not
To there is apparent zooplankter to move in phytoplankton and particulate collection sample, and the sample after separation is used into suction filtration mode
Moisture removal is removed, is stored in glass fiber filter;Subsequently can to swimming animal and plant and particulate matter sample is freeze-dried,
Sample after drying is easier to pick out the relatively large zooplankter of individual, reduces experimental error.It, can be with by operating above
Continuously the zooplankter in river water, phytoplankton, suspended particulate substance are efficiently separated successively.
Tthe utility model system is compact-sized, is suitable for normalizing operation, has widely applicable, simple operation and other advantages, holds
There are Predatory relation, zooplankters to the experiment in terms of the predation of phytoplankton and particulate matter easily between analyzing plankton
System and water body isotope, organic pollution and heavy-metal residual detecting system slitless connection have expected good
Using the environmental ecology research for opening water body for large scale provides important technical support.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 Tthe utility model system structural schematic diagrams.
Specific implementation mode
The utility model is further illustrated with reference to specific embodiment.Following embodiments only for illustration, no
It can be construed as a limitation of the present invention.Unless stated otherwise, the reagent used in following embodiments is regular market purchase or quotient
The reagent that industry approach obtains, unless stated otherwise, the method and apparatus used in following embodiments are commonly used in the art
Method and apparatus.Sampling position and water sample involved in embodiment are only to illustrate the utility model thought and provide, not therefore
The utility model is defined in the water body.
Embodiment 1
The piece-rate system of the present embodiment provides a kind of suitable for water body planktonic organism and particulate matter, as shown in Fig. 1, packet
Include planktonic organism collection device, settling vessel, water body collection vessel, liquid-transfering device, Suction filtration device, refrigerating plant, exclusion device
With separation liquid container;Planktonic organism collection device connects settling vessel by delivery pipe, and settling vessel lower part is equipped with outlet and connects
Water body collection vessel 1, the outlet are equipped with control switch;Settling vessel top is equipped with opening, and liquid-transfering device 1 is through on settling vessel
The opening in portion nearly surface water moves to water body collection vessel 2, and water body collection vessel 2 is equipped with inlet connection separation liquid container,
Separation liquid container is provided with control switch;2 lower part of water body collection vessel is equipped with outlet connection water body collection vessel 3, the outlet
It is switched equipped with control;2 top of water body collection vessel is equipped with opening, and opening of the liquid-transfering device 2 through 2 top of water body collection vessel is nearly
Surface water moves to water body collection vessel 4;Water body collection vessel 3 and water body collection vessel 4 are separately connected Suction filtration device, filter dress
It sets and connects refrigerating plant through conveyance conduit, the refrigerating plant connects exclusion device through conveyance conduit, and exclusion device is separately connected
Pure sample collector and impurity collection vessel.
The planktonic organism collection device can also connect de- filter device.
The meter of the separation liquid container connection separating liquid additive amount, controls the additive amount of separating liquid.
The plankton net that screen distance is 0.064 mm may be used in the planktonic organism collection device.
The Suction filtration device, refrigerating plant, exclusion device can be respectively set to 2, and water body collection vessel 3 and water body are received
Collection container 4 is sequentially connected with 1 Suction filtration device, 1 refrigerating plant, 1 exclusion device respectively.
The Suction filtration device uses 0.45 μm of pore size glass fibrous filter membrane.
The temperature of the refrigerating plant setting is -40 DEG C.
The application test of 2 Tthe utility model system of embodiment
1, in Liu Xihe-Water Body of The Pearl River planktonic organism and particulate matter separation application
The present embodiment with the Guangzhou rivers Liu Xi downstream to Zhujiang River section in water body planktonic organism and suspended particulate substance
Acquisition separation illustrates.Sampling point selects basis《Fresh water plankton research method》, the method for sampling according to《Water and effluent monitoring
Analysis method(Fourth edition)》In requirement to planktonic organism and suspended particulate substance sample collection.
S1. it uses the collection of planktonic organism collection device to be mixed with planktonic organism and suspended particulate substance water body, is conveyed after de- filter
Standing sedimentation is carried out to settling vessel, water body collection vessel 1 and water body collection vessel 2 is used to collect the middle lower layer containing particulate matter respectively
The nearly surface water of water body and planktonic organism containing suspended state;
S2. separating liquid control switch is opened, is added into the nearly surface water of water body collection vessel 2 from separation liquid container
Separating liquid makes zooplankter sink to middle lower water column using the poisonous effect of separating liquid, and phytoplankton is retained in suspended state
The nearly surface layer of water body;Water body collection vessel 3 and water body collection vessel 4 is used to collect the middle lower water column containing zooplankter and contain floating respectively
Swim the nearly surface water of plant;
S3. the nearly surface layer containing the phytoplankton middle lower water column containing particulate matter of step S1 collections, step S2 collected
Water body is slightly shaken, and has been seen whether apparent zooplankter residual, if having observed zooplankter residual, has been repeated respectively
The operation of step S1 and step S2, until visually observing less than the middle lower water column containing particulate matter, the nearly surface layer containing phytoplankton
There is apparent zooplankter to move in water body;
S4. nearly surface water of the middle lower water column containing zooplankter containing phytoplankton separated and collected is carried out respectively
It filters, removes moisture content, retain pure sample;
S5. the chilled device of pure sample obtained by step S4 is freeze-dried, is delivered to exclusion device and carries out decontamination, it is real
Now detach planktonic organism and particulate matter in water body.
After being acquired using 45 μm of aperture trawlnets, the water sample containing high density planktonic organism and particulate matter is transferred to 2
In the wide mouth glass bottle of L, after standing 8 minutes(Specific time of repose according to the amount of planktonic organism in sample and suspended particulate substance and
It is fixed), wait for that suspended particulate substance is slowly deposited to vial bottom, by the water body turn for the animal and plant that swim at the middle and upper levels containing higher density
It moves in the 1 L wide mouth glass bottles got ready(Small size vial may be selected in volume depending on shifting water body).
To after separation including that the carry out water sample of phytoplankton and zooplankter further detaches, water in current bottle is added
The Formaldehyde-water solution of body volume ratio 1%(Formaldehyde:Water, volume ratio 5:95), keep zooplankter dead using the poisonous effect of formaldehyde
Sinking is died, and Phytoplankton Cells density will continue to be retained in water body at the middle and upper levels because being approached with water.
The suspended particulate substance and phytoplankton sample isolated to the first step are slightly shaken, and have been seen whether apparent
Zooplankter remains, and needs to repeat above-mentioned two steps operation if having observed zooplankter residual with purification of samples, until naked eyes are seen
It examines less than there is apparent zooplankter to move in phytoplankton and particulate collection sample.
Isolated purification of samples is removed into moisture removal using suction filtration mode, diaphragm is filtered and uses 0.45 μm of pore size glass
Fibrous filter membrane wraps up filtered Sample storage in glass fiber filter, then with tinfoil, is preserved in 4 DEG C of conditions.
Animal and plant are swum by separated and organic particulate matter sample takes back laboratory, to floating under the conditions of -40 DEG C
Trip animal and plant and particulate matter sample are freeze-dried, it is dry after sample be easier to pick out that individual is relatively large to swim
Animal reduces the experimental error generated by the difference of trophic level in detection process.
The result of separation is as follows:To the zooplankter, phytoplankton of gained and suspension after netting filter, separation, freeze-drying
Grain object sample is weighed respectively, and measured dry weight is respectively 18.7 mg, 6.5 mg, 176.8 mg, and weight ratio is 2.88 between three:
1:27.20, higher suspended particulate substance content is the characteristic feature of the river water of mobility.In addition, for confirm this result with
Practical ecological condition of water body is consistent at this, while under the microscope to zooplankter, phytoplankton and the suspension in water body
The volume ratio of grain object is detected analysis, and ratio is about 2.8 between finding three:1:27.1, it is tapped with the result ten of weight ratio
Closely, illustrate that piece-rate system effect of the present invention is reliable.
2, planktonic organism and particulate matter acquire and detach application in Dashahe reservoir water body
The present embodiment with Jiangmen city Dashahe reservoir in water body planktonic organism and suspended particulate substance be acquired point
From illustrating.Sampling point selects basis《Fresh water plankton research method》, the method for sampling according to《Water and effluent monitoring analysis side
Method(Fourth edition)》In requirement to planktonic organism and suspended particulate substance sample collection.The system and concrete operations of acquisition and separation
The separation application test of planktonic organism and particulate matter in process cocurrent flow small stream river-Water Body of The Pearl River.Different from the rivers Liu Xi to Zhujiang River section, greatly
Suspended particulate substance is less in Shahe Reservoir in Liyang City water body, phytoplankton(Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta)It is larger with the density of zooplankter, it is received
Dirty-green is presented in the high density planktonic organism of collection, caused by the Microcystis aeruginosa for predominantly causing reservoir slight " wawter bloom ".In the present embodiment
Institute's collecting sample is mainly used for Identification of Species and isotope detection, and since particulate matter is less in reservoir, and phytoplankton is more, because
This, this example ignores the process of particulate matter sedimentation, directly detaches phytoplankton and zooplankter using dilute formalin, takes back
Isotope and organic contamination analyte detection are used for behind laboratory.
The result of separation is as follows:To the zooplankter, phytoplankton of gained and suspension after netting filter, separation, freeze-drying
Grain object sample is weighed respectively, and measured dry weight is respectively 49.4 mg, 64.5 mg, 236.9 mg, and weight ratio is 1 between three:
1.30:4.79, higher planktonic organism amount is the characteristic feature of the weaker reservoir water body of mobility.In addition, to confirm this result
It is consistent with the practical ecological condition of water body at this, while under the microscope to zooplankter, phytoplankton and the suspension in water body
The volume ratio of particulate matter is detected analysis, and ratio is about 1 between finding three:1.37:4.65, very with the result of weight ratio
It is close, illustrate that piece-rate system effect of the present invention is reliable.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of piece-rate system of the planktonic organism suitable for water body and particulate matter, which is characterized in that collected including planktonic organism
Device, settling vessel, water body collection vessel, liquid-transfering device, Suction filtration device, refrigerating plant, exclusion device and separation liquid container;It is floating
The biological collection device of trip connects settling vessel by delivery pipe, and settling vessel lower part is equipped with outlet connection water body collection vessel 1, institute
It states outlet and is equipped with control switch;Settling vessel top is equipped with opening, opening of the liquid-transfering device 1 through settling vessel top nearly surface layer
Water body moves to water body collection vessel 2, and water body collection vessel 2 is equipped with inlet connection separation liquid container, and separation liquid container is provided with
Control switch;2 lower part of water body collection vessel is equipped with outlet connection water body collection vessel 3, and the outlet is equipped with control switch;Water body
2 top of collection vessel is equipped with opening, and opening nearly surface water of the liquid-transfering device 2 through 2 top of water body collection vessel moves to water body
Collection vessel 4;Water body collection vessel 3 and water body collection vessel 4 are separately connected Suction filtration device, and Suction filtration device is connected through conveyance conduit
Refrigerating plant, the refrigerating plant connect exclusion device through conveyance conduit, and exclusion device is separately connected pure sample collector and impurity
Collection vessel.
2. according to claim 1 suitable for water body planktonic organism and particulate matter piece-rate system, which is characterized in that it is described
The de- filter device of planktonic organism collection device connection.
3. according to claim 1 suitable for water body planktonic organism and particulate matter piece-rate system, which is characterized in that it is described
Detach the meter of liquid container connection separating liquid additive amount.
4. according to claim 1 suitable for water body planktonic organism and particulate matter piece-rate system, which is characterized in that it is described
Planktonic organism collection device is the plankton net that screen distance is 0.064mm.
5. according to claim 1 suitable for water body planktonic organism and particulate matter piece-rate system, which is characterized in that it is described
Suction filtration device, refrigerating plant, exclusion device are respectively 2, and water body collection vessel 3 and water body collection vessel 4 are filtered with 1 respectively
Device, 1 refrigerating plant, 1 exclusion device are sequentially connected.
6. according to claim 1 or the piece-rate system of 5 planktonic organisms and particulate matter suitable for water body, which is characterized in that
The Suction filtration device uses 0.45 μm of pore size glass fibrous filter membrane.
7. according to claim 1 or the piece-rate system of 5 planktonic organisms and particulate matter suitable for water body, which is characterized in that
The temperature of the refrigerating plant setting is -40 DEG C.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111474021A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-07-31 | 三峡大学 | Method for rapidly fixing and identifying phytoplankton in water body |
CN113281209A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-20 | 北京东方建宇混凝土科学技术研究院有限公司 | Method for detecting insoluble substances in wastewater |
-
2017
- 2017-08-29 CN CN201721087532.9U patent/CN207649987U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111474021A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-07-31 | 三峡大学 | Method for rapidly fixing and identifying phytoplankton in water body |
CN113281209A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-20 | 北京东方建宇混凝土科学技术研究院有限公司 | Method for detecting insoluble substances in wastewater |
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