CN113339128A - Power self-adaptive control device of multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine - Google Patents

Power self-adaptive control device of multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine Download PDF

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CN113339128A
CN113339128A CN202110820509.0A CN202110820509A CN113339128A CN 113339128 A CN113339128 A CN 113339128A CN 202110820509 A CN202110820509 A CN 202110820509A CN 113339128 A CN113339128 A CN 113339128A
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oxygen
hydrogen
liquid
pressure
nozzle
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CN113339128B (en
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段雄波
刘琦
刘敬平
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Hunan University
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Hunan University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
    • F02B43/12—Methods of operating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/02—Methods of operating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/04—Charge admission or combustion-gas discharge
    • F02B53/08—Charging, e.g. by means of rotary-piston pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/10—Fuel supply; Introducing fuel to combustion space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B2053/005—Wankel engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a power self-adaptive control device of a multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine, which comprises a hydrogen gas passage nozzle (36), an oxygen gas passage nozzle (40), a gas mixer (39), a hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle (43), an oxygen cylinder inner nozzle (44), an electronic control unit (24), a liquid hydrogen pump (29), a liquid oxygen pump (10) and a rotor engine air inlet (42); the invention can combine the air inlet modes (air passage injection and in-cylinder direct injection) of the rotor engine according to the power requirement of the rotor engine, quickly and efficiently form uniform premixed gas, regulate and control the in-cylinder combustion process, and improve the output power, thereby realizing the self-adaptive control of the power of the rotor engine. The invention can also optimize the combustion process in the cylinder of the rotary engine, improve the combustion efficiency, reduce the generation of pollutant emissions, facilitate the use of the rotary engine in the military and civil dual-purpose market and meet the application requirements of different scenes.

Description

Power self-adaptive control device of multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine
Technical Field
The invention relates to an engine control device, in particular to a power self-adaptive control device of a multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine.
Background
The rotary engine is invented by Wankel's Fall, a German engineer, and on the basis of the research of the people before the summary, some key technical problems are solved, and the first rotary engine is successfully developed. As a novel energy conversion mode, the rotary engine can directly convert combustion heat energy of gas into mechanical energy and directly convert expansion force generated by combustion into driving torque, so that a crank block mechanism and a gas distribution mechanism of the reciprocating piston engine are reduced, and an engine system is greatly simplified. Because rotor engine special motion structure and operation mode make rotor engine have simple structure, the size is less, the weight is lighter, merit weight ratio, operate steadily, vibration and noise are little etc. advantage, therefore rotor engine has extensive application prospect on unmanned aerial vehicle.
However, the unique motion mode of the rotary engine brings a series of problems which limit the large-scale commercial application of the rotary engine, and the main problems are as follows.
The rotor of the first rotor engine rotates along one direction, so that airflow in a cylinder of the rotor engine moves along with the rotation direction of the rotor, and the airflow in a combustion chamber integrally flows in a unidirectional mode, so that in-cylinder tumble and vortex are low, in-cylinder fuel atomization time is short, atomization is insufficient, and finally combustion speed is slow.
Secondly, the rotary engine usually adopts a spark plug for ignition, and the shape of the combustion chamber of the rotary engine is very long and narrow, which easily causes the problems of long propagation distance of mixed gas flame in the long and narrow combustion chamber, combustion quenching and the like, and finally causes insufficient combustion and high pollutant emission.
Thirdly, when the rotary engine needs to be accelerated or the rotary engine runs in a high altitude area, the air is thin, the problems are further worsened, the phenomena of unstable combustion, low power output of the rotary engine and the like are caused, and particularly, the problems are more prominent and the power performance is weakened when the rotary engine faces the environment of multiple airspaces (the rotary engine runs with large height change), and the driving requirements are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the problems, the invention provides a power self-adaptive control device of a multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a power self-adaptive control device of a multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine, which comprises a hydrogen gas passage nozzle, an oxygen gas passage nozzle, a gas mixer, a hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle, an oxygen cylinder inner nozzle, an electronic control unit, a liquid hydrogen pump, a liquid oxygen pump and a rotor engine air inlet;
in a first mode, the electronic control unit controls the flow of the liquid hydrogen pump, the nozzle in the hydrogen cylinder and the nozzle in the oxygen cylinder are closed, namely, the hydrogen is only injected in the air passage of the rotor engine through the nozzle in the hydrogen passage and is fully mixed with fresh air in the gas mixer, and the mixed combustible mixed gas enters the combustion chamber of the rotor engine through the air inlet of the rotor engine, so that the air inlet process of the rotor engine is realized;
in a second mode, the electronic control unit controls the flow of the liquid oxygen pump and the liquid hydrogen pump, and the inner nozzle of the hydrogen cylinder and the inner nozzle of the oxygen cylinder are closed, namely, the rotor engine air passage sprays hydrogen and oxygen through the hydrogen air passage nozzle, and the hydrogen and oxygen are fully mixed with fresh air in the gas mixer, so that the concentration of the oxygen in the air inlet passage of the rotor engine is improved, and the mixed combustible mixture enters the combustion chamber of the rotor engine through the air inlet of the rotor engine, so that the air inlet process of the rotor engine is realized;
in a third mode, the electronic control unit controls the flow of the liquid oxygen pump and the liquid hydrogen pump, opens the inner nozzle of the hydrogen cylinder and the inner nozzle of the oxygen cylinder, sprays hydrogen and oxygen through the inner nozzle of the hydrogen gas passage in the gas passage of the rotor engine, and fully mixes the hydrogen and the oxygen with fresh air in the gas mixer, so as to improve the concentration of the oxygen in the gas inlet passage of the rotor engine, and the mixed combustible mixture enters the combustion chamber of the rotor engine through the gas inlet of the rotor engine, so that the gas inlet process of the rotor engine is realized;
in a fourth mode, the power requirement matching of the rotor engine is realized through direct injection of hydrogen and oxygen in the cylinder; the electronic control unit controls the flow of the liquid oxygen pump and the liquid hydrogen pump, opens the nozzle in the hydrogen cylinder and the nozzle in the oxygen cylinder, and closes the nozzle of the hydrogen gas passage and the nozzle of the oxygen gas passage, namely, the hydrogen gas is not injected in the gas passage of the rotor engine through the nozzle of the hydrogen gas passage and the nozzle of the oxygen gas passage is not injected with the oxygen.
Further, the rotary engine comprises a rotor, a stator, a rotary engine cylinder body and a rotary engine exhaust port; the system comprises a rotary engine exhaust pipe, a rotating speed sensor, an electronic control unit, a rotary engine air inlet pipe, an electronic throttle valve, a hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle and an oxygen cylinder inner nozzle;
the rotor and the stator are arranged in the cylinder body of the rotor engine, the exhaust pipe of the rotor engine is connected with the exhaust port of the rotor engine, and the rotor of the rotor engine combusts others and exhausts the other combustion products through the exhaust port of the rotor engine in the running process; the oxygen sensor is arranged on the exhaust pipe of the rotary engine, collects the oxygen content signal in the exhaust pipe of the rotary engine in real time, transmits the oxygen content signal to the electronic control unit in real time, and controls the injection proportion of hydrogen and oxygen through the electronic control unit, thereby controlling the actual air-fuel ratio of the rotary engine and controlling the knocking of the rotary engine;
the rotating speed sensor and the crankshaft angle annunciator are arranged on a cylinder body of the rotor engine, are used for acquiring a rotating speed signal and a crankshaft angle position signal of the rotor engine in real time and are used for controlling the injection time of a nozzle in a hydrogen cylinder and a nozzle in an oxygen cylinder and the ignition time of a spark plug. The electronic throttle valve is arranged in an air inlet pipe of the rotary engine and controls the load of the rotary engine in real time;
the inner nozzle of the hydrogen cylinder and the inner nozzle of the oxygen cylinder are arranged on the upper side of the cylinder body of the rotary engine and used for injecting hydrogen and oxygen according to actual working conditions.
Further, the oxygen supply device comprises a liquid oxygen container, a liquid oxygen heat exchanger, a liquid oxygen connector, a liquid oxygen pump, a liquid oxygen electromagnetic valve, a liquid oxygen output pipe, a liquid oxygen output sealing fixer, a liquid oxygen conveying pipe, a liquid oxygen conveying sealing fixer, a liquid oxygen liquid level detector, a liquid oxygen container pressure detector, a liquid oxygen pressure relief valve, an oxygen gas passage nozzle, an oxygen cylinder inner nozzle, an oxygen flow meter and an oxygen pressure controller;
the liquid oxygen conveying pipe is arranged on the left side of the liquid oxygen container through a liquid oxygen conveying sealing fixer and is used for filling liquid oxygen;
the liquid oxygen output pipe is arranged on the right side of the liquid oxygen container through a liquid oxygen output sealing fixer and is used for outputting liquid oxygen in real time;
the liquid oxygen output pipeline is connected with the liquid oxygen electromagnetic valve and the liquid oxygen pump, and is finally connected with the liquid oxygen connector and the liquid oxygen heat exchanger through the liquid oxygen output pipeline, and the liquid oxygen connector tightly connects the liquid oxygen output pipeline and the liquid oxygen heat exchanger to prevent high-pressure oxygen from leaking.
The liquid oxygen level detector is arranged in the middle of the liquid oxygen container, detects the volume of liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen container in real time, transmits an electric signal to the electronic control unit, and then calculates the remaining mileage under the current working condition;
the liquid oxygen container pressure detector is arranged in the middle of the liquid oxygen container and is close to the position of the liquid oxygen liquid level detector, so that the pressure in the liquid oxygen container is detected in real time, an electric signal is transmitted to the electronic control unit, and the pressure of the liquid oxygen container is displayed in real time.
The liquid oxygen pressure release valve is arranged in the middle of the liquid oxygen container and is close to the position of the liquid oxygen container pressure detector, and according to the pressure of the liquid oxygen container pressure detector, when the pressure of the liquid oxygen container exceeds a rated value, the electronic control unit acquires a pressure signal and controls the opening and closing of the liquid oxygen pressure release valve to reduce the pressure in the liquid oxygen container, so that the pressure of the liquid oxygen container is kept below a safety value;
after the liquid oxygen pressure release valve is opened, the vaporized oxygen is connected with the flame retardant device through the oxygen one-way valve, and finally the oxygen-hydrogen mixed gas nozzle sprays into the air passage of the rotor engine.
After liquid oxygen is vaporized by a liquid oxygen heat exchanger, high-pressure oxygen is formed, the high-pressure oxygen is connected with an oxygen pressure controller and an oxygen flow meter through a pipeline, one part of the high-pressure oxygen is connected with an oxygen gas channel nozzle through a pipeline, hydrogen is sprayed into a gas mixer and is fully mixed with the hydrogen, and then the hydrogen enters a combustion chamber of a rotary engine through an air inlet of the rotary engine to prepare for clean and efficient combustion in a cylinder of the rotary engine; the other part is connected with a nozzle in an oxygen cylinder through a pipeline, oxygen is directly sprayed into the rotor engine cylinder, and preparation is made for realizing different power requirements and self-adaptive power control.
Further, the hydrogen supply device comprises a liquid hydrogen container, a liquid hydrogen output pipe conveying pipe, a liquid hydrogen conveying sealing fixer, a liquid hydrogen liquid level detector, a liquid hydrogen container pressure detector, a liquid hydrogen pressure relief valve, a flame retardant device, a liquid hydrogen output pipe, a liquid hydrogen output sealing fixer, a liquid hydrogen electromagnetic valve, a liquid hydrogen pump and a liquid hydrogen connector; a hydrogen gas passage nozzle and a hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle;
the liquid hydrogen conveying pipe is arranged on the left side of the liquid hydrogen container through a liquid hydrogen conveying sealing fixer and is used for filling liquid hydrogen;
the liquid hydrogen output pipe is arranged on the right side of the liquid hydrogen container through a liquid hydrogen output sealing fixer and is used for outputting liquid hydrogen in real time;
the liquid hydrogen output pipeline is connected with the liquid hydrogen electromagnetic valve and the liquid hydrogen pump, and finally is connected with the liquid hydrogen connector and the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger through the liquid hydrogen output pipeline, and the liquid hydrogen connector tightly connects the liquid oxygen output pipeline and the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger to prevent high-pressure hydrogen from leaking;
the liquid hydrogen level detector is arranged in the middle of the liquid hydrogen container, detects the volume of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen container in real time, transmits an electric signal to the electronic control unit, and then calculates the remaining mileage under the current working condition;
the liquid hydrogen container pressure detector is arranged in the middle of the liquid hydrogen container and is close to the liquid hydrogen level detector, so that the pressure in the liquid hydrogen container is detected in real time, an electric signal is transmitted to the electronic control unit, and the pressure of the liquid hydrogen container is displayed in real time;
the liquid hydrogen pressure relief valve is arranged in the middle of the liquid oxygen container and is close to the position of the liquid hydrogen container pressure detector, and according to the pressure of the liquid hydrogen container pressure detector, when the pressure of the liquid hydrogen container exceeds a rated value, the electronic control unit acquires a pressure signal and controls the opening and closing of the liquid hydrogen pressure relief valve to reduce the pressure in the liquid hydrogen container, so that the pressure of the liquid hydrogen container is kept below a safety value.
In addition, after the liquid hydrogen pressure release valve is opened, the vaporized hydrogen is connected with the flame retardant device through the hydrogen one-way valve, and finally the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas nozzle is sprayed into the air passage of the rotor engine;
after liquid hydrogen is vaporized by a liquid hydrogen heat exchanger, high-pressure hydrogen is formed, the high-pressure hydrogen is connected with a hydrogen pressure controller and a hydrogen flowmeter through a pipeline, the last part of the high-pressure hydrogen is connected with a hydrogen gas air passage nozzle through a pipeline, the hydrogen is sprayed into a gas mixer and is fully mixed with air or oxygen, and then the hydrogen enters a combustion chamber of a rotary engine through an air inlet of the rotary engine to prepare for clean and efficient combustion in a cylinder of the rotary engine; the other part is connected with a nozzle in a hydrogen cylinder through a pipeline, and hydrogen is directly sprayed into the cylinder of the rotor engine to prepare for realizing different power requirements and self-adaptive power control.
Further, the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust pipe of the rotary engine, the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger comprises heat exchanger fins and a heat exchanger pipeline, the heat exchanger fins are fully contacted with high-temperature combustion tail gas in the exhaust pipe of the rotary engine, heat is transferred to liquid hydrogen or liquid oxygen in the heat exchanger pipeline, and evaporation of the liquid hydrogen and the liquid oxygen is accelerated.
Further, the liquid oxygen heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust pipe of the rotary engine and close to the cylinder side of the rotary engine, and the high-temperature heat of the tail gas in the exhaust pipe of the rotary engine is fully utilized, so that the liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen heat exchanger absorbs heat and is vaporized to form high-pressure oxygen, and preparation is made for subsequent oxygen gas passage injection and in-cylinder direct injection.
Further, the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger is located at the downstream of the liquid oxygen heat exchanger, and the liquid oxygen in the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger absorbs heat and is vaporized by the aid of high-temperature heat of tail gas in an exhaust pipe of the rotary engine in a stepped mode to form high-pressure hydrogen, so that preparation is provided for follow-up hydrogen gas air passage injection and in-cylinder direct injection.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention can combine the air inlet modes (air passage injection and in-cylinder direct injection) of the rotor engine according to the power requirement of the rotor engine, quickly and efficiently form uniform premixed gas, regulate and control the in-cylinder combustion process, and improve the output power, thereby realizing the self-adaptive control of the power of the rotor engine.
(2) The invention can also optimize the combustion process in the cylinder of the rotary engine, improve the combustion efficiency, reduce the generation of pollutant emissions, facilitate the use of the rotary engine in the military and civil dual-purpose market and meet the application requirements of different scenes.
(3) The invention can also coordinate and control the power of the oxyhydrogen rotor engine according to the flight altitude, the load capacity and the aerial work task requirements of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and meet the application scene requirements of different work altitudes, load capacities, speeds and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power adaptive control device of a multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a liquid hydrogen heat exchanger;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of ignition phases of a spark plug of a hydrogen-oxygen rotary engine;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the exhaust phase of a hydrogen-oxygen rotary engine.
Wherein: 1-rotor, 2-stator, 3-rotor engine cylinder, 4-rotor engine exhaust port, 5-oxygen sensor, 6-rotational speed sensor, 7-liquid oxygen heat exchanger, 8-liquid oxygen connector, 9-rotor engine exhaust pipe, 10-liquid oxygen pump, 11-liquid oxygen solenoid valve, 12-liquid oxygen output pipe, 13-liquid oxygen output sealing fixer, 14-liquid oxygen delivery pipe, 15-liquid oxygen delivery sealing fixer, 16-liquid oxygen liquid level detector, 17-liquid oxygen container pressure detector, 18-liquid oxygen relief valve, 19-liquid hydrogen output pipe delivery pipe, 20-liquid hydrogen delivery sealing fixer, 21-liquid hydrogen liquid level detector, 22-liquid hydrogen container pressure detector, 23-liquid hydrogen relief valve, 24-electronic control unit, 25-flame retardant device, 26-liquid hydrogen output pipe, 27-liquid hydrogen output sealing fixer, 28-liquid hydrogen solenoid valve, 29-liquid hydrogen pump, 30-liquid hydrogen connector, 31-liquid hydrogen heat exchanger, 32-heat exchanger fin, 33-heat exchanger pipeline, 34-hydrogen pressure controller, 35-hydrogen flowmeter, 36-hydrogen gas air flue nozzle, 37-hydrogen-oxygen mixture nozzle, 38-rotor engine air inlet pipe, 39-gas mixer, 40-oxygen gas air flue nozzle, 41-electronic throttle valve, 42-rotor engine air inlet, 43-hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle, 44-oxygen cylinder inner nozzle, 45-knock sensor, 46-spark plug, 47-rotor sealer, 48-crank angle signal device, 49-oxygen flowmeter, 50-oxygen pressure controller, 51-liquid hydrogen container, 52-liquid oxygen container, 53-hydrogen one-way valve, 54-oxygen one-way valve.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
The technical scheme of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a power adaptive control device for a multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotary engine, which comprises a hydrogen gas air passage nozzle 36, an oxygen gas air passage nozzle 40, a gas mixer 39, a hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle 43, an oxygen cylinder inner nozzle 44, an electronic control unit 24, a liquid hydrogen pump 29, a liquid oxygen pump 10 and a rotary engine air inlet 42;
in the first mode, the electronic control unit 24 controls the flow of the liquid hydrogen pump 29, the hydrogen cylinder internal nozzle 43 and the oxygen cylinder internal nozzle 44 are closed, that is, the hydrogen is injected only in the air passage of the rotary engine through the hydrogen passage nozzle 36 and is fully mixed with the fresh air in the gas mixer 39, and the mixed combustible mixture enters the combustion chamber of the rotary engine through the air inlet 42 of the rotary engine, so that the air inlet process of the rotary engine is realized.
In the second mode, the electronic control unit 24 controls the flow of the liquid oxygen pump 10 and the liquid hydrogen pump 29, and the hydrogen in-cylinder nozzle 43 and the oxygen in-cylinder nozzle 44 are closed, that is, the gas passage of the rotary engine injects the hydrogen through the hydrogen passage nozzle 36 and the oxygen through the oxygen passage nozzle 40, and the injected oxygen is fully mixed with the fresh air in the gas mixer 39, so as to increase the concentration of the oxygen in the gas inlet passage of the rotary engine, and the mixed combustible mixture enters the combustion chamber of the rotary engine through the gas inlet 42 of the rotary engine, thereby realizing the air inlet process of the rotary engine.
In the third mode, the electronic control unit 24 controls the flow rates of the liquid oxygen pump 10 and the liquid hydrogen pump 29, opens the hydrogen cylinder internal nozzle 43 and the oxygen cylinder internal nozzle 44, injects hydrogen and oxygen gas in the air passage of the rotary engine through the hydrogen gas passage nozzle 36 and the oxygen gas passage nozzle 40, and fully mixes the injected oxygen with fresh air in the gas mixer 39, so as to improve the concentration of the oxygen in the air inlet passage of the rotary engine, and the mixed combustible mixture enters the combustion chamber of the rotary engine through the air inlet 42 of the rotary engine, thereby realizing the air inlet process of the rotary engine;
in a fourth mode, the power requirement matching of the rotor engine is realized through direct injection of hydrogen and oxygen in the cylinder; the electronic control unit 24 will control the flow of the liquid oxygen pump 10 and the liquid hydrogen pump 29, open the hydrogen cylinder internal nozzle 43 and the oxygen cylinder internal nozzle 44, and close the hydrogen gas passage nozzle 36 and the oxygen gas passage nozzle 40, i.e. not injecting hydrogen gas through the hydrogen gas passage nozzle 36 and oxygen gas passage nozzle 40 in the rotor engine gas passage.
The rotary engine comprises a rotor 1, a stator 2, a rotary engine cylinder body 3 and a rotary engine exhaust port 4; a rotary engine exhaust pipe 9, a rotating speed sensor 6, an electronic control unit 24, a rotary engine intake pipe 38, an electronic throttle valve 41, a rotary engine intake port 42, a hydrogen cylinder internal nozzle 43, an oxygen cylinder internal nozzle 44;
the rotor 1 and the stator 2 are arranged in the rotor engine cylinder 3, and the rotor sealers 47 are arranged at three corners of the rotor 1 and are used for sealing three independent areas formed by the rotor 1 and the rotor engine cylinder 3 so as to realize four working processes of air intake, compression, combustion expansion and exhaust of the rotor engine; the gas leakage amount of four working processes of the rotary engine is reduced.
The rotor engine exhaust pipe 9 is connected with the rotor engine exhaust port 4, and the rotor of the rotor engine exhausts combustion gas through the rotor engine exhaust port 4 in the running process; the oxygen sensor 5 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 9 of the rotary engine, collects oxygen content signals in the exhaust pipe 9 of the rotary engine in real time, transmits the oxygen content signals to the electronic control unit 24 in real time, and controls the injection proportion of hydrogen and oxygen through the electronic control unit 24, so that the actual air-fuel ratio of the rotary engine is controlled, and the knocking of the rotary engine is controlled.
The rotating speed sensor 6 and the crank angle annunciator 48 are arranged on the cylinder body 3 of the rotor engine and are used for acquiring a rotating speed signal and a crank angle position signal of the rotor engine in real time and controlling the injection time of the nozzle 43 in the hydrogen cylinder and the nozzle 44 in the oxygen cylinder and the ignition time of the spark plug 46. And an electronic throttle valve 41 is installed in the rotary engine intake duct 38 to control the load of the rotary engine in real time.
The hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle 43 and the oxygen cylinder inner nozzle 44 are arranged on the upper side of the rotor engine cylinder body 3 and used for injecting hydrogen and oxygen according to actual working conditions;
the knock sensor 45 is arranged on the combustion side of the rotary engine cylinder 3 and detects the vibration signal of the rotary engine cylinder 3 in real time;
the oxygen supply device comprises a liquid oxygen container 52, an oxygen sensor 5, a liquid oxygen heat exchanger 7, a liquid oxygen connector 8, a liquid oxygen pump 10, a liquid oxygen electromagnetic valve 11, a liquid oxygen output pipe 12, a liquid oxygen output sealing fixer 13, a liquid oxygen conveying pipe 14, a liquid oxygen conveying sealing fixer 15, a liquid oxygen liquid level detector 16, a liquid oxygen container pressure detector 17, a liquid oxygen pressure relief valve 18, an oxygen airway nozzle 40, an oxygen cylinder inner nozzle 44, an oxygen flowmeter 49, an oxygen pressure controller 50 and an oxygen one-way valve 54;
the liquid oxygen conveying pipe 14 is arranged on the left side of the liquid oxygen container 52 through a liquid oxygen conveying sealing fixer 15 and is used for filling liquid oxygen;
the liquid oxygen output pipe 12 is arranged on the right side of the liquid oxygen container 52 through a liquid oxygen output sealing fixer 13 and is used for outputting liquid oxygen in real time;
the liquid oxygen output pipeline is connected with the liquid oxygen electromagnetic valve 11 and the liquid oxygen pump 10, and is finally connected with the liquid oxygen connector 8 and the liquid oxygen heat exchanger 7 through the liquid oxygen output pipeline, and the liquid oxygen connector 8 is used for tightly connecting the liquid oxygen output pipeline with the liquid oxygen heat exchanger 7 to prevent high-pressure oxygen from leaking.
The liquid oxygen level detector 16 is arranged in the middle of the liquid oxygen container 52, detects the volume of the liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen container 52 in real time, transmits an electric signal to the electronic control unit 24, and then calculates the remaining mileage under the current working condition.
The liquid oxygen container pressure detector 17 is arranged in the middle of the liquid oxygen container 52 and is close to the liquid oxygen liquid level detector 16, the pressure in the liquid oxygen container 52 is detected in real time, an electric signal is transmitted to the electronic control unit 24, and the pressure of the liquid oxygen container 52 is displayed in real time.
The liquid oxygen pressure relief valve 18 is arranged in the middle of the liquid oxygen container 52 and is close to the position of the liquid oxygen container pressure detector 17, and according to the pressure of the liquid oxygen container pressure detector 17, when the pressure of the liquid oxygen container 52 exceeds a rated value, the electronic control unit 24 acquires a pressure signal and controls the opening and closing of the liquid oxygen pressure relief valve 18 to reduce the pressure in the liquid oxygen container 52, so that the pressure of the liquid oxygen container 52 is kept below a safe value.
After the liquid oxygen pressure release valve 18 is opened, the vaporized oxygen is connected with the flame retardant device 25 through the oxygen one-way valve 54, and finally the oxygen-hydrogen mixed gas nozzle 37 sprays into the air flue of the rotor engine.
After the liquid oxygen is vaporized through the liquid oxygen heat exchanger 7, high-pressure oxygen is formed, the high-pressure oxygen is connected with an oxygen pressure controller 50 and an oxygen flow meter 49 through a pipeline, one part of the high-pressure oxygen is connected with an oxygen gas channel nozzle 40 through a pipeline, hydrogen is sprayed into a gas mixer 39 to be fully mixed with the hydrogen, and then the hydrogen enters a combustion chamber of the rotary engine through an air inlet 42 of the rotary engine to prepare for clean and efficient combustion in a cylinder of the rotary engine;
the other part is connected with an oxygen cylinder nozzle 44 through a pipeline, oxygen is directly sprayed into the rotor engine cylinder, and preparation is made for realizing different power requirements and self-adaptive power control.
The hydrogen supply device comprises a liquid hydrogen container 51, a liquid hydrogen output pipe conveying pipe 19, a liquid hydrogen conveying sealing fixer 20, a liquid hydrogen liquid level detector 21, a liquid hydrogen container pressure detector 22, a liquid hydrogen pressure relief valve 23, a flame retardant device 25, a liquid hydrogen output pipe 26, a liquid hydrogen output sealing fixer 27, a liquid hydrogen electromagnetic valve 28, a liquid hydrogen pump 29 and a liquid hydrogen connector 30; a hydrogen pressure controller 34, a hydrogen flowmeter 35, a hydrogen gas channel nozzle 36, a hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle 43 and a hydrogen check valve 53.
The liquid hydrogen conveying pipe 19 is arranged on the left side of the liquid hydrogen container 51 through a liquid hydrogen conveying sealing fixer 20 and is used for filling liquid hydrogen;
the liquid hydrogen output pipe 26 is arranged on the right side of the liquid hydrogen container 51 through a liquid hydrogen output sealing fixer 27 and is used for outputting liquid hydrogen in real time;
the liquid hydrogen output pipeline is connected with the liquid hydrogen electromagnetic valve 28 and the liquid hydrogen pump 29, and finally connected with the liquid hydrogen connector 30 and the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 31 through the liquid hydrogen output pipeline, and the liquid hydrogen connector 30 tightly connects the liquid oxygen output pipeline with the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 31 to prevent the high-pressure hydrogen from leaking.
The liquid hydrogen level detector 21 is arranged in the middle of the liquid hydrogen container 51, detects the volume of the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen container 51 in real time, transmits an electric signal to the electronic control unit 24, and then calculates the remaining mileage under the current working condition.
The liquid hydrogen container pressure detector 22 is installed in the middle of the liquid hydrogen container 51 and is close to the liquid hydrogen level detector 21, detects the pressure in the liquid hydrogen container 51 in real time, transmits an electric signal to the electronic control unit 24, and displays the pressure in the liquid hydrogen container 51 in real time.
The liquid hydrogen pressure relief valve 23 is installed in the middle of the liquid oxygen container 52 and is close to the liquid hydrogen container pressure detector 22, and according to the pressure of the liquid hydrogen container pressure detector 22, when the pressure of the liquid hydrogen container 51 exceeds a rated value, the electronic control unit 24 acquires a pressure signal, controls the opening and closing of the liquid hydrogen pressure relief valve 23, reduces the pressure in the liquid hydrogen container 51, and achieves that the pressure of the liquid hydrogen container 51 is kept below a safety value.
In addition, after the liquid hydrogen pressure release valve 23 is opened, the vaporized hydrogen is connected with the flame retardant device 25 through the hydrogen one-way valve 53, and finally the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas nozzle 37 sprays into the air flue of the rotor engine.
A liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 31, heat exchanger fins 32, a heat exchanger line 33;
the hydrogen-oxygen mixing device comprises a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas nozzle 37 and a gas mixer 39.
As shown in fig. 2: the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 31 is installed in the exhaust pipe 9 of the rotary engine, the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 31 comprises heat exchanger fins 32 and a heat exchanger pipeline 32, the heat exchanger fins 32 are fully contacted with high-temperature combustion tail gas in the exhaust pipe 9 of the rotary engine, heat is transferred to liquid hydrogen or liquid oxygen in the heat exchanger pipeline 32, and evaporation of the liquid hydrogen and the liquid oxygen is accelerated.
The liquid oxygen heat exchanger 7 is arranged in the exhaust pipe 9 of the rotary engine and close to the side of the cylinder body 3 of the rotary engine, and the high-temperature heat of the tail gas in the exhaust pipe 9 of the rotary engine is fully utilized, so that the liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen heat exchanger 7 absorbs heat and is vaporized to form high-pressure oxygen, and preparation is made for subsequent oxygen gas passage injection and in-cylinder direct injection.
The liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 31 is located at the downstream of the liquid oxygen heat exchanger 7, and the liquid oxygen in the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 31 absorbs heat and vaporizes by using the high-temperature heat of the tail gas in the exhaust pipe 9 of the rotary engine in a stepped manner to form high-pressure hydrogen, so that preparation is provided for subsequent hydrogen gas air passage injection and in-cylinder direct injection.
After liquid hydrogen is vaporized through the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 31, high-pressure hydrogen is formed, the high-pressure hydrogen is connected with a hydrogen pressure controller 34 and a hydrogen flowmeter 35 through a pipeline, the last part of the high-pressure hydrogen is connected with a hydrogen gas channel nozzle 36 through a pipeline, the hydrogen is sprayed into a gas mixer 39 and is fully mixed with air or oxygen, and then the hydrogen enters a combustion chamber of the rotary engine through an air inlet 42 of the rotary engine to prepare for clean and efficient combustion in a cylinder of the rotary engine; the other part is connected with a nozzle 43 in the hydrogen cylinder through a pipeline, and hydrogen is directly sprayed into the rotor engine cylinder to prepare for realizing different power requirements and self-adaptive power control.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides an adaptive control method for the power of a hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine.
In order to realize the self-adaptive control of the power of the multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine after the unmanned aerial vehicle is started, a corresponding control method is adopted for the following working conditions:
when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies at low altitude, low speed and low load, the power matching control method of the oxyhydrogen rotor engine comprises the following steps:
the electronic control unit 24 collects signals of signals 50 of a rotating speed sensor 6, an electronic throttle valve 41, a crank angle annunciator 48, an oxygen sensor 5, a liquid oxygen pump 10, a liquid oxygen electromagnetic valve 11, a liquid oxygen liquid level detector 16, a liquid oxygen container pressure detector 17, a liquid hydrogen liquid level detector 21, a liquid hydrogen container pressure detector 22, a liquid hydrogen electromagnetic valve 28, a liquid hydrogen pump 29, a hydrogen pressure controller 34, a hydrogen flowmeter 35, a knock sensor 45, an oxygen flowmeter 49 and an oxygen pressure controller in real time;
the electronic control unit 24 will determine the operating conditions of the rotary engine from the signals of the speed sensor 6 and the electronic throttle 41.
When the unmanned aerial vehicle flies at low altitude, low speed and low load, the power requirement of the oxyhydrogen rotor engine is smaller; at this time, the electronic control unit 24 will control the flow of the liquid hydrogen pump 29, and the liquid oxygen pump 10, the liquid oxygen solenoid valve 11, the oxygen gas passage nozzle 40, the hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle 43 and the oxygen cylinder inner nozzle 44 are closed, that is, the hydrogen is injected only in the air passage of the rotary engine through the hydrogen gas passage nozzle 36 and is fully mixed with the fresh air in the gas mixer 39, and the mixed combustible mixture enters the combustion chamber of the rotary engine through the air inlet 42 of the rotary engine, so as to realize the air intake process of the rotary engine.
The rotor 1 in the rotary engine will then compress the mixture, and when in proper position, the spark plug 46 will ignite, and the combustible mixture gas in the combustion chamber will expand to push the rotor 1 in the rotary engine to rotate, thereby outputting power to the outside through the crankshaft.
After the working stroke is finished, the rotor 1 in the rotor engine rotates to continue rotating, and high-temperature fuel gas is discharged through the exhaust port 4 of the rotor engine, so that a complete control cycle of the rotor engine is formed.
In addition, the high-temperature fuel gas enables liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 31 to be converted into hydrogen, and the hydrogen is injected into the fuel gas mixer 39 through the hydrogen gas channel nozzle 36 under the control of the electronic control unit 24, so that a stable control cycle is formed, the power control requirement of a rotor engine is met, and finally the unmanned aerial vehicle flies at low altitude, low speed and low load.
Example 3:
when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies at low altitude, high speed and low load, the power matching control method of the oxyhydrogen rotor engine comprises the following steps:
the electronic control unit 24 collects signals of signals 50 of a rotating speed sensor 6, an electronic throttle valve 41, a crank angle annunciator 48, an oxygen sensor 5, a liquid oxygen pump 10, a liquid oxygen electromagnetic valve 11, a liquid oxygen liquid level detector 16, a liquid oxygen container pressure detector 17, a liquid hydrogen liquid level detector 21, a liquid hydrogen container pressure detector 22, a liquid hydrogen electromagnetic valve 28, a liquid hydrogen pump 29, a hydrogen pressure controller 34, a hydrogen flowmeter 35, a knock sensor 45, an oxygen flowmeter 49 and an oxygen pressure controller in real time;
the electronic control unit 24 will determine the operating conditions of the rotary engine from the signals of the speed sensor 6 and the electronic throttle 41.
When the unmanned aerial vehicle flies at low altitude, high speed and low load, the power requirement of the oxyhydrogen rotor engine is higher; at this time, the electronic control unit 24 will control the flow of the liquid oxygen pump 10 and the liquid hydrogen pump 29, and the hydrogen cylinder internal nozzle 43 and the oxygen cylinder internal nozzle 44 are closed, that is, the gas channel of the rotary engine injects hydrogen through the hydrogen gas channel nozzle 36 and oxygen through the oxygen gas channel nozzle 40, and the injected gas is fully mixed with fresh air in the gas mixer 39, so as to increase the concentration of the oxygen in the gas channel of the rotary engine, and the mixed combustible mixture enters the combustion chamber of the rotary engine through the air inlet 42 of the rotary engine, thereby realizing the air intake process of the rotary engine.
Then the rotor 1 in the rotor engine compresses the mixed gas, the spark plug 46 ignites when in a proper position, the combustible mixed gas in the combustion chamber combusts and expands to push the rotor 1 in the rotor engine to rotate, and thus, the power is output outwards through the crankshaft.
After the working stroke is finished, the rotor 1 in the rotor engine rotates to continue rotating, and high-temperature fuel gas is discharged through the exhaust port 4 of the rotor engine, so that a complete control cycle of the rotor engine is formed. In addition, the high-temperature fuel gas enables liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen connector 8 to be converted into oxygen, liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 31 to be converted into hydrogen, the oxygen is sprayed into the fuel gas mixer 39 through the oxygen gas channel nozzle 40 and the hydrogen through the hydrogen gas channel nozzle 36 under the control of the electronic control unit 24, stable control circulation is formed, the power control requirement of a rotor engine is met, and finally low-altitude, high-speed and low-load flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle is achieved.
In addition, when the electronic control unit 24 detects that the signal of the knock sensor 45 is strong, the injection quantity of hydrogen of the hydrogen gas passage nozzle 36 is reduced, the peak combustion pressure and the pressure rise rate in the cylinder of the rotary engine are reduced, and the knock intensity of the rotary engine is reduced.
Example 4:
when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies at low altitude, high speed and high load, the power matching control method of the oxyhydrogen rotor engine comprises the following steps:
the electronic control unit 24 collects signals of signals 50 of a rotating speed sensor 6, an electronic throttle valve 41, a crank angle annunciator 48, an oxygen sensor 5, a liquid oxygen pump 10, a liquid oxygen electromagnetic valve 11, a liquid oxygen liquid level detector 16, a liquid oxygen container pressure detector 17, a liquid hydrogen liquid level detector 21, a liquid hydrogen container pressure detector 22, a liquid hydrogen electromagnetic valve 28, a liquid hydrogen pump 29, a hydrogen pressure controller 34, a hydrogen flowmeter 35, a knock sensor 45, an oxygen flowmeter 49 and an oxygen pressure controller in real time;
the electronic control unit 24 will determine the operating conditions of the rotary engine from the signals of the speed sensor 6 and the electronic throttle 41.
When the unmanned aerial vehicle flies at low altitude, high speed and high load, the power requirement of the oxyhydrogen rotor engine is the maximum; at this time, the electronic control unit 24 will control the flow rates of the liquid oxygen pump 10 and the liquid hydrogen pump 29, and open the hydrogen cylinder internal nozzle 43 and the oxygen cylinder internal nozzle 44, that is, not only the hydrogen gas is injected in the air passage of the rotary engine through the hydrogen gas passage nozzle 36 and the oxygen gas is injected through the oxygen gas passage nozzle 40, but also the mixture is fully mixed with the fresh air in the gas mixer 39, so as to increase the concentration of the oxygen in the air passage of the rotary engine, and the mixed combustible mixture enters the combustion chamber of the rotary engine through the air inlet 42 of the rotary engine, thereby realizing the air intake process of the rotary engine. And when the rotor 1 in the rotary engine will compress the gas mixture, the electronic control unit 24 opens the hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle 43 and the oxygen cylinder inner nozzle 44, according to the air-fuel ratio, the cylinder injects hydrogen and oxygen, increases the quality of the combustible gas mixture, and the spark plug 46 ignites when in the proper position, the combustible gas mixture in the combustion chamber burns and expands, push the rotor 1 in the rotary engine to rotate, thereby outputting power to the outside through the crankshaft, because the oxygen concentration of the combustion chamber of the rotary engine is high, it is favorable to realize oxygen-enriched combustion, accelerate the combustion rate of hydrogen and improve the combustion efficiency, and the combustible gas mixture has more quality, it is favorable to greatly improve the output power of the rotary engine.
After the working stroke is finished, the rotor 1 in the rotor engine rotates to continue rotating, and high-temperature fuel gas is discharged through the exhaust port 4 of the rotor engine, so that a complete control cycle of the rotor engine is formed. In addition, the high-temperature fuel gas enables liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen connector 8 to be converted into oxygen, liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 31 to be converted into hydrogen, the oxygen is injected into the fuel gas mixer 39 through the oxygen gas channel nozzle 40 and the hydrogen through the hydrogen gas channel nozzle 36 under the control of the electronic control unit 24, the hydrogen and the oxygen are directly injected into the cylinder according to the air-fuel ratio through the hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle 43 and the oxygen cylinder inner nozzle 44, a stable control cycle is formed, the power control requirement of a rotor engine is met, and finally the unmanned aerial vehicle flies at low altitude, high speed and high load.
In addition, when the electronic control unit 24 detects that the signal of the knock sensor 45 is strong, the air-fuel ratio is installed to reduce the injection amount of hydrogen and oxygen from the hydrogen cylinder internal nozzle 43 and the oxygen cylinder internal nozzle 44, thereby reducing the peak combustion pressure and the pressure increase rate in the cylinder of the rotary engine and reducing the knock intensity of the rotary engine.
Example 5:
when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies at high altitude, low speed (high speed) and low load, the power matching control method of the oxyhydrogen rotor engine comprises the following steps:
the electronic control unit 24 collects signals of signals 50 of a rotating speed sensor 6, an electronic throttle valve 41, a crank angle annunciator 48, an oxygen sensor 5, a liquid oxygen pump 10, a liquid oxygen electromagnetic valve 11, a liquid oxygen liquid level detector 16, a liquid oxygen container pressure detector 17, a liquid hydrogen liquid level detector 21, a liquid hydrogen container pressure detector 22, a liquid hydrogen electromagnetic valve 28, a liquid hydrogen pump 29, a hydrogen pressure controller 34, a hydrogen flowmeter 35, a knock sensor 45, an oxygen flowmeter 49 and an oxygen pressure controller in real time; the electronic control unit 24 will determine the operating conditions of the rotary engine from the signals of the speed sensor 6 and the electronic throttle 41.
When unmanned aerial vehicle high altitude, no matter whether unmanned aerial vehicle is low-speed or high-speed, low load or high load flight, the rotor engine density of admitting air is lower, can't obtain suitable gas mixture through the intake duct, can't spray through the air flue promptly and realize the rotor engine power control demand.
The power requirement matching of the rotor engine can be realized only by directly injecting hydrogen and oxygen in the cylinder.
At this time, the electronic control unit 24 will control the flow rates of the liquid oxygen pump 10 and the liquid hydrogen pump 29, open the hydrogen cylinder internal nozzle 43 and the oxygen cylinder internal nozzle 44, and close the hydrogen gas passage nozzle 36 and the oxygen gas passage nozzle 40, i.e., not inject hydrogen gas through the hydrogen gas passage nozzle 36 and oxygen gas through the oxygen gas passage nozzle 40 in the air passage of the rotary engine.
But the electronic control unit 24 opens the hydrogen in-cylinder injection nozzle 43 and the oxygen in-cylinder injection nozzle 44 to inject the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas in the air-fuel ratio when the rotor 1 in the rotary engine is to compress the mixture.
According to the requirement of the unmanned aerial vehicle on power, the injection pulse widths of the nozzle 43 in the hydrogen cylinder and the nozzle 44 in the oxygen cylinder are controlled through the electronic control unit 24, so that the quality of mixed gas in the cylinder of the rotor engine is controlled, the spark plug 46 is ignited when the rotor engine is in a proper position, the combustible mixed gas in the combustion chamber is combusted and expanded, the rotor 1 in the rotor engine is pushed to rotate, and power is output outwards through a crankshaft.
After the working stroke is finished, the rotor 1 in the rotor engine rotates to continue rotating, and high-temperature fuel gas is discharged through the exhaust port 4 of the rotor engine, so that a complete control cycle of the rotor engine is formed. In addition, the high-temperature fuel gas enables liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen connector 8 to be converted into oxygen, liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 31 to be converted into hydrogen, and the oxygen is directly injected into the cylinder through the hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle 43 and the oxygen cylinder inner nozzle 44 according to the air-fuel ratio under the control of the electronic control unit 24, so that a stable control cycle is formed, the power control requirement of a rotor engine is met, and finally the unmanned aerial vehicle can fly at high altitude, low speed (high speed) and low (high) load.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, it is to be understood that the description is made only by way of example and not as a limitation to the application of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and may include various modifications, alterations and equivalents of the patented invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine power self-adaptive control device comprises a hydrogen airway nozzle (36), an oxygen airway nozzle (40), a gas mixer (39), a hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle (43), an oxygen cylinder inner nozzle (44), an electronic control unit (24), a liquid hydrogen pump (29), a liquid oxygen pump (10) and a rotor engine air inlet (42);
in a first mode, the electronic control unit (24) controls the flow of the liquid hydrogen pump (29), the hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle (43) and the oxygen cylinder inner nozzle (44) are closed, namely, hydrogen is injected only in the air passage of the rotary engine through the hydrogen air passage nozzle (36) and is fully mixed with fresh air in the gas mixer (39), and the mixed combustible mixture enters the combustion chamber of the rotary engine through the air inlet (42) of the rotary engine, so that the air inlet process of the rotary engine is realized;
in a second mode, the electronic control unit (24) controls the flow of the liquid oxygen pump (10) and the liquid hydrogen pump (29), and the hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle (43) and the oxygen cylinder inner nozzle (44) are closed, namely, the gas channel of the rotary engine sprays hydrogen through the hydrogen gas channel nozzle (36) and oxygen through the oxygen gas channel nozzle (40), and the hydrogen and oxygen are fully mixed with fresh air in the gas mixer (39), so that the concentration of the oxygen in the gas channel of the rotary engine is improved, and the mixed combustible mixture enters a combustion chamber of the rotary engine through a gas inlet (42) of the rotary engine, so that the air inlet process of the rotary engine is realized;
in a third mode, the electronic control unit (24) controls the flow of the liquid oxygen pump (10) and the liquid hydrogen pump (29), opens a hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle (43) and an oxygen cylinder inner nozzle (44), injects hydrogen and oxygen gas in a rotor engine gas passage through a hydrogen gas passage nozzle (36) and an oxygen gas passage nozzle (40), and fully mixes the hydrogen and oxygen with fresh air in a gas mixer (39) to improve the concentration of the oxygen in the rotor engine gas passage, and the mixed combustible mixture enters a rotor engine combustion chamber through a rotor engine air inlet (42) to realize the air inlet process of the rotor engine;
in a fourth mode, the power requirement matching of the rotor engine is realized through direct injection of hydrogen and oxygen in the cylinder; the electronic control unit (24) controls the flow of the liquid oxygen pump (10) and the liquid hydrogen pump (29), opens the hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle (43) and the oxygen cylinder inner nozzle (44), and closes the hydrogen gas channel nozzle (36) and the oxygen gas channel nozzle (40), namely, the hydrogen gas is not injected in the gas channel of the rotary engine through the hydrogen gas channel nozzle (36) and the oxygen gas is not injected through the oxygen gas channel nozzle (40).
2. The power adaptive control device of the multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotor engine comprises a rotor (1), a stator (2), a rotor engine cylinder body (3) and a rotor engine exhaust port (4); the system comprises a rotary engine exhaust pipe (9), a rotating speed sensor (6), an electronic control unit (24), a rotary engine air inlet pipe (38), an electronic throttle valve (41), a hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle (43) and an oxygen cylinder inner nozzle (44);
the rotor (1) and the stator (2) are arranged in a rotor engine cylinder body (3), a rotor engine exhaust pipe (9) is connected with a rotor engine exhaust port (4), and the rotor of the rotor engine combusts others in the running process and is exhausted through the rotor engine exhaust port (4); the oxygen sensor (5) is arranged on the exhaust pipe (9) of the rotary engine, collects the oxygen content signal in the exhaust pipe (9) of the rotary engine in real time, transmits the oxygen content signal to the electronic control unit (24) in real time, and controls the injection proportion of hydrogen and oxygen through the electronic control unit (24), thereby controlling the actual air-fuel ratio of the rotary engine and controlling the knocking of the rotary engine;
the rotating speed sensor (6) and the crank angle annunciator (48) are arranged on the cylinder body (3) of the rotor engine and used for acquiring a rotating speed signal and a crank angle position signal of the rotor engine in real time and controlling the injection time of the nozzle (43) in the hydrogen cylinder and the nozzle (44) in the oxygen cylinder and the ignition time of the spark plug (46). The electronic throttle valve (41) is arranged in an air inlet pipe (38) of the rotary engine and controls the load of the rotary engine in real time;
the hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle (43) and the oxygen cylinder inner nozzle (44) are arranged on the upper side of the rotary engine cylinder body (3) and inject hydrogen and oxygen according to actual working conditions.
3. The power adaptive control device of the multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oxygen supply device comprises a liquid oxygen container (52), a liquid oxygen heat exchanger (7), a liquid oxygen connector (8), a liquid oxygen pump (10), a liquid oxygen electromagnetic valve (11), a liquid oxygen output pipe (12), a liquid oxygen output sealing fixer (13), a liquid oxygen conveying pipe (14), a liquid oxygen conveying sealing fixer (15), a liquid oxygen liquid level detector (16), a liquid oxygen container pressure detector (17), a liquid oxygen pressure release valve (18), an oxygen airway nozzle (40), an oxygen cylinder inner nozzle (44), an oxygen flow meter (49) and an oxygen pressure controller (50);
the liquid oxygen delivery pipe (14) is arranged on the left side of the liquid oxygen container (52) through a liquid oxygen delivery sealing fixer (15) and is used for filling liquid oxygen;
the liquid oxygen output pipe (12) is arranged on the right side of the liquid oxygen container (52) through a liquid oxygen output sealing fixer (13) and is used for outputting liquid oxygen in real time;
the liquid oxygen output pipeline is connected with the liquid oxygen electromagnetic valve (11) and the liquid oxygen pump (10), and is finally connected with the liquid oxygen connector (8) and the liquid oxygen heat exchanger (7) through the liquid oxygen output pipeline, and the liquid oxygen connector (8) tightly connects the liquid oxygen output pipeline with the liquid oxygen heat exchanger (7) to prevent high-pressure oxygen from leaking.
The liquid oxygen level detector (16) is arranged in the middle of the liquid oxygen container (52), detects the volume of liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen container (52) in real time, transmits an electric signal to the electronic control unit (24), and then calculates the remaining mileage under the current working condition;
the liquid oxygen container pressure detector (17) is arranged in the middle of the liquid oxygen container (52) and is close to the position of the liquid oxygen liquid level detector (16), the pressure in the liquid oxygen container (52) is detected in real time, an electric signal is transmitted to the electronic control unit (24), and the pressure of the liquid oxygen container (52) is displayed in real time.
The liquid oxygen pressure release valve (18) is arranged in the middle of the liquid oxygen container (52) and is close to the position of the liquid oxygen container pressure detector (17), and according to the pressure of the liquid oxygen container pressure detector (17), when the pressure of the liquid oxygen container (52) exceeds a rated value, the electronic control unit (24) acquires a pressure signal, controls the opening and closing of the liquid oxygen pressure release valve (18), reduces the pressure in the liquid oxygen container (52), and realizes that the pressure of the liquid oxygen container (52) is kept below a safety value;
after the liquid oxygen pressure release valve (18) is opened, the vaporized oxygen is connected with the flame retardant device (25) through the oxygen one-way valve (54), and finally the oxygen-hydrogen mixed gas nozzle (37) is sprayed into the air passage of the rotor engine.
After liquid oxygen is vaporized through a liquid oxygen heat exchanger (7), high-pressure oxygen is formed, the high-pressure oxygen is connected with an oxygen pressure controller (50) and an oxygen flow meter (49) through a pipeline, one part of the high-pressure oxygen is connected with an oxygen gas channel nozzle (40) through a pipeline, hydrogen is sprayed into a gas mixer (39) and is fully mixed with the hydrogen, and then the hydrogen enters a combustion chamber of a rotary engine through an air inlet (42) of the rotary engine to prepare for clean and efficient combustion in a cylinder of the rotary engine; the other part is connected with an oxygen cylinder inner nozzle (44) through a pipeline, oxygen is directly sprayed into a rotor engine cylinder, and preparation is made for realizing different power requirements and self-adaptive power control.
4. The power adaptive control device of the multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen supply device comprises a liquid hydrogen container (51), a liquid hydrogen output pipe conveying pipe (19), a liquid hydrogen conveying sealing fixer (20), a liquid hydrogen liquid level detector (21), a liquid hydrogen container pressure detector (22), a liquid hydrogen pressure release valve (23), a flame retardant device (25), a liquid hydrogen output pipe (26), a liquid hydrogen output sealing fixer (27), a liquid hydrogen electromagnetic valve (28), a liquid hydrogen pump (29) and a liquid hydrogen connector (30); a hydrogen gas passage nozzle (36), a hydrogen cylinder inner nozzle (43);
the liquid hydrogen conveying pipe (19) is arranged on the left side of the liquid hydrogen container (51) through a liquid hydrogen conveying sealing fixer (20) and is used for filling liquid hydrogen;
the liquid hydrogen output pipe (26) is arranged on the right side of the liquid hydrogen container (51) through a liquid hydrogen output sealing fixer (27) and is used for outputting liquid hydrogen in real time;
the liquid hydrogen output pipeline is connected with a liquid hydrogen electromagnetic valve (28) and a liquid hydrogen pump (29), and finally is connected with a liquid hydrogen connector (30) and a liquid hydrogen heat exchanger (31) through the liquid hydrogen output pipeline, and the liquid hydrogen connector (30) tightly connects the liquid oxygen output pipeline with the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger (31) to prevent high-pressure hydrogen from leaking;
the liquid hydrogen level detector (21) is arranged in the middle of the liquid hydrogen container (51), detects the volume of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen container (51) in real time, transmits an electric signal to the electronic control unit (24), and then calculates the remaining mileage under the current working condition;
the liquid hydrogen container pressure detector (22) is arranged in the middle of the liquid hydrogen container (51) and is close to the liquid hydrogen liquid level detector (21), the pressure in the liquid hydrogen container (51) is detected in real time, an electric signal is transmitted to the electronic control unit (24), and the pressure of the liquid hydrogen container (51) is displayed in real time;
the liquid hydrogen pressure release valve (23) is arranged in the middle of the liquid oxygen container (52) and is close to the position of the liquid hydrogen container pressure detector (22), and according to the pressure of the liquid hydrogen container pressure detector (22), when the pressure of the liquid hydrogen container (51) exceeds a rated value, the electronic control unit (24) acquires a pressure signal, controls the opening and closing of the liquid hydrogen pressure release valve (23), reduces the pressure in the liquid hydrogen container (51), and achieves that the pressure of the liquid hydrogen container (51) is kept below a safety value.
In addition, after the liquid hydrogen pressure release valve (23) is opened, the vaporized hydrogen is connected with the flame retardant device (25) through the hydrogen one-way valve (53), and finally the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas nozzle (37) is sprayed into the air passage of the rotor engine;
after liquid hydrogen is vaporized through a liquid hydrogen heat exchanger (31), high-pressure hydrogen is formed, the high-pressure hydrogen is connected with a hydrogen pressure controller (34) and a hydrogen flowmeter (35) through a pipeline, the last part of the high-pressure hydrogen is connected with a hydrogen gas air passage nozzle (36) through a pipeline, the hydrogen is sprayed into a gas mixer (39) and is fully mixed with air or oxygen, and then the mixture enters a combustion chamber of a rotary engine through an air inlet (42) of the rotary engine to prepare for clean and efficient combustion in a cylinder of the rotary engine; the other part is connected with a nozzle (43) in the hydrogen cylinder through a pipeline, and the hydrogen is directly sprayed into the rotor engine cylinder to prepare for realizing different power requirements and self-adaptive power control.
5. The power adaptive control device of the multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger (31) is arranged in the exhaust pipe (9) of the rotary engine, the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger (31) comprises heat exchanger fins (32) and a heat exchanger pipeline (32), the heat exchanger fins (32) are fully contacted with high-temperature combustion tail gas in the exhaust pipe (9) of the rotary engine, heat is transferred to liquid hydrogen or liquid oxygen in the heat exchanger pipeline (32), and evaporation of the liquid hydrogen and the liquid oxygen is accelerated.
6. The power adaptive control device of the multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the liquid oxygen heat exchanger (7) is arranged in the exhaust pipe (9) of the rotary engine and close to the side of the cylinder body (3) of the rotary engine, and the high-temperature heat of the tail gas in the exhaust pipe (9) of the rotary engine is fully utilized to ensure that the liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen heat exchanger (7) absorbs heat and is vaporized to form high-pressure oxygen, so that preparation is made for subsequent oxygen gas passage injection and in-cylinder direct injection.
7. The power adaptive control device of the multi-airspace hydrogen-oxygen rotor engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger (31) is positioned at the downstream of the liquid oxygen heat exchanger (7), and the liquid oxygen in the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger (31) absorbs heat and vaporizes by using the high-temperature heat of the tail gas in the exhaust pipe (9) of the rotary engine in a stepped manner to form high-pressure hydrogen so as to prepare for the subsequent hydrogen gas air passage injection and in-cylinder direct injection.
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CN111997746A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-11-27 北京工业大学 Air inlet channel and direct injection composite hydrogen-doped gasoline fuel rotor machine and control method thereof

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