CN113006934B - Ignition type diesel rotor machine and control method thereof - Google Patents

Ignition type diesel rotor machine and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113006934B
CN113006934B CN202110272297.7A CN202110272297A CN113006934B CN 113006934 B CN113006934 B CN 113006934B CN 202110272297 A CN202110272297 A CN 202110272297A CN 113006934 B CN113006934 B CN 113006934B
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diesel
pressure
signal
cylinder
fuel
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CN113006934A (en
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纪常伟
常珂
汪硕峰
杨金鑫
黄雄辉
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Beijing University of Technology
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/12Ignition
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/10Fuel supply; Introducing fuel to combustion space
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B55/00Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
    • F02B55/14Shapes or constructions of combustion chambers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • F02B77/085Safety, indicating, or supervising devices with sensors measuring combustion processes, e.g. knocking, pressure, ionization, combustion flame
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/0221Details of the water supply system, e.g. pumps or arrangement of valves
    • F02M25/0222Water recovery or storage
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/0221Details of the water supply system, e.g. pumps or arrangement of valves
    • F02M25/0225Water atomisers or mixers, e.g. using ultrasonic waves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/125Fuel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention designs a spark ignition type diesel rotor machine and a control method thereof, wherein a heating rod is used for preheating an air inlet charging amount and injected diesel in a combustion chamber, and a spark plug is used for igniting the diesel fuel, so that the application of the low compression ratio diesel fuel rotor machine is realized. The pressure rise rate of the ignition type diesel fuel rotor machine is controlled by adopting an auxiliary mode of spraying water in the cylinder based on a pressure rise rate signal in the cylinder, and the intensity of diesel combustion is reasonably controlled. The invention realizes the application of diesel fuel on the rotor machine in an ignition mode, improves the thermal efficiency and the fuel economy of the rotor machine, controls the reaction intensity in a water spraying mode, effectively reduces the in-cylinder combustion temperature and improves the NOx emission.

Description

Ignition type diesel rotor machine and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention designs a spark-ignition type diesel rotor machine and a control method thereof, in particular relates to a related control method for diesel fuel supply, preheating and ignition of a rotor engine, and belongs to the field of internal combustion engines.
Background
The rotary engine has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, light weight, large power-weight ratio and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of hybrid electric vehicle range extenders, small-sized power equipment, aviation unmanned planes, flying bullets and the like at present. However, the practical compression ratio of the rotary engine is not high due to the geometrical structure and motion mode limitations of the rotary engine. Because of the limitation of compression ratio, the rotor engine generally adopts gasoline as fuel for a long time, and high combustion thermal efficiency is difficult to obtain. As is well known, the thermal efficiency of a diesel internal combustion engine is higher than that of a gasoline internal combustion engine of the same grade, and the diesel internal combustion engine has generally better economy and lower fuel consumption of the whole vehicle in a larger load change range due to a flat torque curve. Therefore, the application of the diesel fuel rotary engine is expected to solve the problems of low thermal efficiency, poor fuel economy and the like of the rotary engine.
Based on the above-mentioned problems of the rotary engine, the present invention provides a spark ignition type diesel rotary engine and a control method thereof by combining the structure of the rotary engine and the characteristics of diesel fuel. The invention adopts the preheating device to preheat the fresh charging and the diesel fuel, and the mixed gas is ignited near the top dead center to realize the combustion of the diesel fuel in the rotor engine, thereby effectively improving the heat efficiency and the fuel economy of the rotor engine. The reaction intensity of diesel fuel in the rotary engine is controlled by using the auxiliary water spraying device, and the combustion temperature is reduced by using high-pressure water mist, so that the discharge amount of nitrogen oxides is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a spark-ignition type diesel rotary machine and a control method thereof, aiming at improving the thermal efficiency and the fuel economy of a rotary engine.
A main device related to a spark ignition type diesel rotor machine comprises: the device comprises a water storage tank 1, a high-pressure water pump 2 and a high-pressure resistant water sprayer 3, wherein the high-pressure water pump 2 is connected with the high-pressure resistant water sprayer 3 through a high-pressure pipe, and the high-pressure resistant water sprayer 3 can bear the highest in-cylinder pressure of 15 MPa; the spark plug type cylinder pressure sensor 4, the temperature sensor 5 and the heating rod 11 are respectively arranged in a through hole which penetrates through the cylinder body; the diesel fuel tank 10 is connected with a diesel fuel filter 9, a fuel delivery pump 8, a fuel injection pump 7 and a diesel fuel nozzle 6 in series, the fuel injection pump 7 is connected with the diesel fuel nozzle 6 through a high-pressure pipe, and the diesel fuel nozzle 6 is arranged in a through hole which penetrates through a cylinder body; the air filter 13, the throttle valve S1 and the air flow meter 12 are sequentially installed on the air inlet channel in series; the combustion tail gas is discharged through the exhaust passage 14; the ECU15 receives the air flow signal b, the in-cylinder temperature signal f, and the in-cylinder pressure signal g, and controls the high pressure resistant sprinkler injection signal a, the throttle opening degree signal c, the heater rod heating signal d, and the diesel nozzle injection signal e.
The ignition type diesel rotor machine comprises the following control processes:
the rotor engine drives the triangular rotor to rotate in the cylinder body by means of rotation of the eccentric shaft, and four strokes of air intake, compression, work application and exhaust are sequentially completed due to continuous change of the position of the rotor relative to the cylinder body. When the rotor engine works, the ECU15 judges the position of the rotor, when the rotor rotates to the opening moment of an intake valve, the ECU15 sends out a throttle opening signal c to open a throttle valve S1, and fresh charge enters the cylinder through an air inlet channel sequentially via an air filter 13, the throttle valve S1 and an air flow meter 12, wherein the air flow meter 12 monitors the flow of the intake air and sends an air flow signal b to the ECU15, and the ECU15 regulates the opening of the throttle valve S1 according to the rotating speed and the load of the rotor engine. The temperature sensor 5 monitors the temperature of the combustion chamber before the top dead center and transmits an in-cylinder temperature signal f to the ECU15, the ECU15 determines whether to start the heating rod 11 to heat the charge in the combustion chamber or not by judging the value of the in-cylinder temperature, when the temperature of the combustion chamber before the top dead center is lower than 473K, the ECU15 sends a heating rod heating signal d to start the heating rod to continuously heat the charge in the combustion chamber, and when the temperature of the combustion chamber before the top dead center is higher than 473K, the ECU15 sends a signal to stop the heating rod from heating the charge in the combustion chamber. The ECU15 sends out a diesel nozzle injection signal e, diesel fuel is directly injected into a combustion chamber sequentially through a diesel oil tank 10, a diesel oil filter 9, an oil transfer pump 8, an oil injection pump 7 and a diesel nozzle 6, the injection pressure of the diesel nozzle 6 is maintained at 20MPa +/-0.5 MPa, the injected diesel oil is mixed with air in the combustion chamber, the preheated air transfers heat to the diesel oil, and the fuel temperature is improved so as to facilitate fuel evaporation and ignition; the diesel oil and air mixture preheated by the heating rod 11 moves to a top dead center under the action of the rotor, and the ECU15 controls a spark plug to jump to ignite the mixture near the top dead center, so that the diesel oil fuel is combusted on the rotor machine.
In the process of working by combusting diesel fuel, the spark plug type cylinder pressure sensor 4 collects in-cylinder pressure data and sends an in-cylinder pressure signal g to the ECU15, the ECU15 analyzes the in-cylinder pressure data collected by the spark plug type cylinder pressure sensor 4, when the in-cylinder pressure rising rate is less than or equal to 0.7 MPa/CA, the ECU15 does not send a high pressure resistant water sprayer injection signal a to the high pressure resistant water sprayer 3, and when the in-cylinder pressure rising rate is greater than 0.7 MPa/CA, the ECU15 sends a high pressure resistant water sprayer injection signal a. The water in the water storage tank 1 is pressurized by a high-pressure water pump 2 and then is conveyed to a high-pressure resistant water sprayer 3 through a high-pressure water pipe, the high-pressure resistant water sprayer 3 sprays high-pressure water mist to the combustion chamber, the increase rate of the pressure in the cylinder is controlled to be reduced to 0.7 MPa/CA degrees, and then the spraying of the high-pressure water mist to the combustion chamber is stopped.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly as follows: the invention combines the diesel fuel injection device with the ignition device, adopts the heating rod to preheat the fresh charge and the diesel fuel, and ignites the mixed gas near the top dead center to realize the combustion of the diesel fuel in the rotor engine, thereby effectively improving the thermal efficiency and the fuel economy of the rotor engine. The auxiliary water spraying device controls the reaction intensity of the diesel fuel in the rotary engine, reduces the combustion temperature by using the high-pressure water mist, and reduces the discharge amount of nitrogen oxides while maintaining the stable operation of the diesel fuel rotary engine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a water storage tank, 2, a high-pressure water pump, 3, a high-pressure resistant water sprayer, 4, a spark plug type cylinder pressure sensor, 5, a temperature sensor, 6, a diesel nozzle, 7, an oil injection pump, 8, an oil transfer pump, 9, a diesel filter, 10, a diesel oil tank, 11, a heating rod, 12, an air flow meter, S1, a throttle valve, 13, an air filter, 14, an exhaust passage, 15, an ECU, a high-pressure resistant water sprayer injection signal a, an air flow signal b, a throttle valve opening degree signal c, a heating rod heating signal d, a diesel nozzle injection signal e, an in-cylinder temperature signal f and an in-cylinder pressure signal g.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
when the rotor engine works, the ECU15 judges the position of the rotor, when the rotor rotates to the opening moment of an intake valve, the ECU15 sends out a throttle opening signal c to open a throttle valve S1, and fresh charge enters the cylinder through an air inlet channel sequentially via an air filter 13, the throttle valve S1 and an air flow meter 12, wherein the air flow meter 12 monitors the flow of the intake air and sends an air flow signal b to the ECU15, and the ECU15 regulates the opening of the throttle valve S1 according to the rotating speed and the load of the rotor engine. The temperature sensor 5 monitors the temperature of the combustion chamber before the top dead center and transmits an in-cylinder temperature signal f to the ECU15, the ECU15 determines whether to start the heating rod 11 to heat the charge in the combustion chamber or not by judging the value of the in-cylinder temperature, when the temperature of the combustion chamber before the top dead center is lower than 473K, the ECU15 sends a heating rod heating signal d to start the heating rod to continuously heat the charge in the combustion chamber, and when the temperature of the combustion chamber before the top dead center is higher than 473K, the ECU15 sends a signal to stop the heating rod from heating the charge in the combustion chamber. The ECU15 sends out a diesel nozzle injection signal e, diesel fuel is directly injected into a combustion chamber sequentially through a diesel oil tank 10, a diesel oil filter 9, an oil transfer pump 8, an oil injection pump 7 and a diesel nozzle 6, the injection pressure of the diesel nozzle 6 is maintained at 20MPa +/-0.5 MPa, the injected diesel oil is mixed with air in the combustion chamber, the preheated air transfers heat to the diesel oil, and the fuel temperature is improved so as to facilitate fuel evaporation and ignition; the diesel oil and air mixture preheated by the heating rod 11 moves to a top dead center under the action of the rotor, and the ECU15 controls a spark plug to jump to ignite the mixture near the top dead center, so that the diesel oil fuel is combusted on the rotor machine.
In the process of working by combusting diesel fuel, the spark plug type cylinder pressure sensor 4 collects in-cylinder pressure data and sends an in-cylinder pressure signal g to the ECU15, the ECU15 analyzes the in-cylinder pressure data collected by the spark plug type cylinder pressure sensor 4, when the in-cylinder pressure rising rate is less than or equal to 0.7 MPa/CA, the ECU15 does not send a high pressure resistant water sprayer injection signal a to the high pressure resistant water sprayer 3, and when the in-cylinder pressure rising rate is greater than 0.7 MPa/CA, the ECU15 sends a high pressure resistant water sprayer injection signal a. The water in the water storage tank 1 is pressurized by a high-pressure water pump 2 and then is conveyed to a high-pressure resistant water sprayer 3 through a high-pressure water pipe, the high-pressure resistant water sprayer 3 sprays high-pressure water mist to the combustion chamber, the increase rate of the pressure in the cylinder is controlled to be reduced to 0.7 MPa/CA, then the spraying of the high-pressure water mist to the combustion chamber is stopped, and the stable operation of the diesel fuel rotor machine is maintained.

Claims (1)

1. A spark-ignition diesel rotary machine comprising: the device comprises a water storage tank (1), a high-pressure water pump (2) and a high-pressure-resistant water sprayer (3), wherein the high-pressure water pump (2) is connected with the high-pressure-resistant water sprayer (3) through a high-pressure pipe, and the high-pressure-resistant water sprayer (3) can bear the highest in-cylinder pressure of 15 MPa; the spark plug type cylinder pressure sensor (4), the temperature sensor (5) and the heating rod (11) are respectively arranged in a through hole which penetrates through the cylinder body; the diesel fuel tank (10) is connected with the diesel fuel filter (9), the fuel delivery pump (8), the fuel injection pump (7) and the diesel fuel nozzle (6) in series, the fuel injection pump (7) is connected with the diesel fuel nozzle (6) through a high-pressure pipe, and the diesel fuel nozzle (6) is arranged in a through hole which penetrates through the cylinder body; an air filter (13), a throttle valve (S1) and an air flow meter (12) are sequentially installed on the air inlet channel in series; the combustion tail gas is discharged through an exhaust passage (14); the ECU (15) receives the air flow signal b, the in-cylinder temperature signal f and the in-cylinder pressure signal g and controls a high-pressure resistant water sprayer injection signal a, a throttle opening degree signal c, a heating rod heating signal d and a diesel nozzle injection signal e;
the control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after the rotor machine works, the ECU (15) judges the position of the rotor, when the rotor rotates to the opening moment of an air inlet valve, the ECU (15) sends out a throttle opening signal c to open a throttle valve (S1), and fresh charge enters an air cylinder through an air inlet passage sequentially via an air filter (13), the throttle valve (S1) and an air flow meter (12); the temperature sensor (5) monitors the temperature of the combustion chamber before the top dead center and transmits a temperature signal f in the cylinder to the ECU (15), the ECU (15) determines whether to start the heating rod (11) to heat the charge in the combustion chamber or not by judging the temperature value in the cylinder, when the temperature of the combustion chamber before the top dead center is lower than 473K, the ECU (15) sends a heating rod heating signal d to start the heating rod to continuously heat the charge in the combustion chamber, and when the temperature of the combustion chamber before the top dead center is higher than 473K, the ECU (15) sends a signal to stop the heating rod from heating the charge in the combustion chamber; the ECU (15) sends a diesel nozzle injection signal e by judging the specific running speed and load of the rotor machine, diesel fuel is directly injected into a combustion chamber through a diesel oil tank (10), a diesel oil filter (9), an oil transfer pump (8), an oil injection pump (7) and a diesel nozzle (6) in sequence, the injection pressure of the diesel nozzle (6) is maintained at 20MPa +/-0.5 MPa, the injected diesel oil is mixed with air in the combustion chamber, the preheated air transfers heat to the diesel oil, and the temperature of the fuel is increased so as to facilitate the evaporation and ignition of the fuel; the diesel oil and air mixture preheated by the heating rod (11) moves to an upper dead center under the action of the rotor, and an ECU (15) near the upper dead center controls a spark plug to spark to ignite the mixture, so that diesel oil fuel is combusted on the rotor machine;
in the process of working by burning diesel fuel, a spark plug type cylinder pressure sensor (4) collects in-cylinder pressure data and sends an in-cylinder pressure signal g to an ECU (15), the ECU (15) analyzes the in-cylinder pressure data collected by the spark plug type cylinder pressure sensor (4), when the in-cylinder pressure rise rate is less than or equal to 0.7MPa/° CA, the ECU (15) does not send a high pressure resistant sprinkler injection signal a to a high pressure resistant sprinkler (3), when the in-cylinder pressure rise rate is greater than 0.7MPa/° CA, the ECU (15) sends a high pressure resistant sprinkler injection signal a, at the moment, water in a water storage tank (1) is pressurized by a high pressure water pump (2) and then is sent to the high pressure resistant sprinkler (3) through a high pressure water pipe, the high pressure resistant sprinkler (3) sprays high pressure water mist to a combustion chamber, the in-cylinder pressure rise rate is controlled to be reduced to 0.7MPa/° CA, and then the high pressure water mist spraying to the combustion chamber is stopped, the diesel fuel rotor machine is maintained to run stably.
CN202110272297.7A 2021-03-12 2021-03-12 Ignition type diesel rotor machine and control method thereof Active CN113006934B (en)

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CN113389637B (en) * 2021-06-29 2023-01-31 北京工业大学 Air inlet humidifying quality adjusting hydrogen rotor machine and control method

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WO2010017199A2 (en) * 2008-08-04 2010-02-11 Liquidpiston, Inc. Isochoric heat addition engines and methods
CN109736936A (en) * 2018-12-30 2019-05-10 北京工业大学 The zero nitrogen HC fuel spark ignition type rotor machine and its control method of controllable Pressure Rise Rate

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