CN113332745A - Multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device and extraction method - Google Patents
Multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device and extraction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113332745A CN113332745A CN202010099470.3A CN202010099470A CN113332745A CN 113332745 A CN113332745 A CN 113332745A CN 202010099470 A CN202010099470 A CN 202010099470A CN 113332745 A CN113332745 A CN 113332745A
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
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- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0203—Solvent extraction of solids with a supercritical fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/028—Flow sheets
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine extraction equipment, in particular to a multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device and an extraction method. The apparatus comprises CO2Heat pump system, steam generating system and at least one set of extraction system, CO2The heat pump system comprises a first air cooler and a heat pump assembly, a first heat exchange side and a second heat exchange side of the first air cooler are respectively connected with the heat pump assembly and the steam generation system, and each group of extraction systems are respectively connected with the steam generation system; the system also comprises at least one group of condensed water circulating system and a second air cooler, wherein the first heat exchange side of the second air cooler is connected in series with the CO2In the heat pump system, the condensed water circulating systems of each group are respectively connected with the extraction systems of each group, and the condensed water circulating systems of each group are respectively connected with the steam generating system through the second heat exchange sides of the corresponding second air coolers. Compared with the existing traditional Chinese medicine extraction device, the device and the method can efficiently recover the waste heat of the device to realize energy recycling, and have the advantages of high water outlet temperature and high energy efficiency ratio of a high-temperature area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine extraction equipment, in particular to a multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device and an extraction method.
Background
The traditional Chinese medicine extraction device is one of the most important links of traditional Chinese medicine products, and the traditional Chinese medicine extraction process generally comprises two processes of medicine moistening and decoction. The medicine moistening process is to soak the medicinal materials in water; the decoction process is to heat the water after moistening the medicine to boiling and maintain the boiling till the extraction is finished. Wherein, the decoction process is the highest energy consumption link in the extraction process of the traditional Chinese medicine, and the decoction process is generally to heat water in an extraction tank by using steam and maintain the boiling state. In the traditional Chinese medicine extraction device, a coal or fuel oil mode is adopted in a steam generation process, the steam generation process has the defects of high energy consumption and large pollution, the existing Chinese medicine extraction device also adopts an electric heating steam generation method to realize the steam generation process, although the process of generating steam by electric heating is pollution-free, the energy consumption is still higher, particularly, the energy efficiency ratio of a high-temperature region is too low, and the traditional Chinese medicine extraction device is not beneficial to large-scale production, energy conservation and emission reduction.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical purpose
The invention aims to provide at least a multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device and an extraction method, compared with the traditional Chinese medicine extraction device, the device can efficiently recover the waste heat of the device to realize energy recycling, and has the advantages of high water outlet temperature and high energy efficiency ratio of a high-temperature area.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device which comprises CO2A heat pump system, a steam generation system and at least one set of extraction systems, the CO2The heat pump system comprises a first air cooler and a heat pump assembly, a first heat exchange side and a second heat exchange side of the first air cooler are respectively connected with the heat pump assembly and the steam generation system, and each group of extraction systems is connected with the steam generation system;
the multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device also comprises at least one group of condensed water circulation system and a second air cooler, wherein the first heat exchange side of the second air cooler is connected in series with the CO2In the heat pump system, the condensed water circulation system of each group is connected with the extraction system of each group, and the condensed water circulation system of each group is connected with the steam generation system through the corresponding second heat exchange side of the second air cooler.
In some embodiments, the heat pump assembly includes an expansion valve, an evaporator, and a CO2The first port of the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler is connected with the evaporator through the expansion valve, and the evaporator passes through the CO2The compressor is connected with a second port of the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler; the first heat exchange side of each group of the second air coolers is connected in series between the first port of the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler and the expansion valve.
In some embodiments, the heat pump assembly further includes a heat regenerator, a first heat exchange side of the heat regenerator is connected between the first heat exchange side of the second air cooler and the expansion valve, and a second heat exchange side of the heat regenerator is connected between the evaporator and the CO2Between the compressors.
In some embodiments, the heat pump assembly further comprises a gas-liquid separator connected between the evaporator and the CO2Between the compressors.
In some embodiments, the steam generation system includes a first water storage tank, a water feed pump, a flash tank, a water vapor compressor and a buffer tank, a first port of the first water storage tank is connected with a first port of a second heat exchange side of the first air cooler, a second port of the first water storage tank is connected with each group of extraction systems, and a third port of the first water storage tank is a water inlet; the water feeding pump is connected between a first port of the first water storage tank and a first port of a second heat exchange side of the first air cooler, a second port of the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler is connected with a first port of the buffer tank through the flash tank and the water vapor compressor in sequence, and a second port of the buffer tank is connected with the extraction system.
In some embodiments, the steam generation system further includes a water replenishing pipeline connected by-pass between the flash tank and the steam compressor, and a water replenishing pump installed on the water replenishing pipeline.
In some embodiments, the extraction system comprises an extraction tank, the extraction tank comprises a shell and an inner container, the inner container is sleeved in the shell, and a space capable of introducing saturated steam is reserved between the inner container and the shell; the first port and the third port of the extraction tank are respectively communicated to the inner container, the first port of the extraction tank is connected with the second port of the water storage tank, and the third port of the extraction tank is a liquid medicine outlet; the second port and the fourth port of the extraction tank are communicated to the space respectively, the second port of the extraction tank is connected with the second port of the buffer tank, and the fourth port of the extraction tank is a condensed water outlet.
In some embodiments, the condensed water circulation system includes a second water storage tank, a first port of the second water storage tank is connected to a first port of a second heat exchange side of the second air cooler, a second port of the second heat exchange side of the second air cooler is connected to the buffer tank, a second port of the second water storage tank is a condensed water inlet, and the condensed water inlet is connected to a fourth port of the extraction tank.
In some embodiments, the extraction system further comprises a water supply pump and a shut-off valve, which are in turn mounted between the first port of the extraction tank and the second port of the first water storage tank.
The invention also provides an extraction method based on the multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device, which comprises the following steps:
by using CO2A working medium loop is formed on a first heat exchange side of a first air cooler by a heat pump component of the heat pump system, and the working medium loop is utilized to prepare CO in a supercritical state2And driving said supercritical CO2The heat exchange gas flows through the first heat exchange side of the first gas cooler to carry out primary heat release, and flows through the first heat exchange side of at least one group of second gas coolers to carry out secondary heat release for at least one time;
connecting a steam preparation pipeline on the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler by using a steam generation system so that the liquid water absorbing heat through the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler is prepared into saturated steam through the steam preparation pipeline;
absorbing heat at a second heat exchange side of the second air cooler by using at least one group of condensed water circulating systems so as to prepare saturated steam by using the recovered condensed water;
and introducing the saturated steam serving as a heat source into each group of extraction systems.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device utilizes CO2The heat pump system is used as a heat source, and has the advantages of strong environment adaptability and good environment protection effect; the first heat exchange side and the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler are respectively connected with the CO2The heat pump component of the heat pump system is connected with the steam generation system, so that the liquid water in the steam generation system can quickly obtain heat through the efficient heat exchange effect of the first air cooler to be converted into high-temperature liquid water, the steam generation system further prepares the high-temperature liquid water into saturated steam to be provided for the extraction system as a heat source, and the process has the advantages of high heat conversion efficiency, high water outlet temperature and high energy efficiency ratio of a high-temperature area, and has stronger environment adaptability compared with the existing traditional Chinese medicine extraction device;
2. the multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device also comprises at least one group of condensed water circulation system and a second air cooler, wherein the first heat exchange side of the second air cooler is connected in series with the CO2In the heat pump system, the condensed water circulating systems of each group are respectively connected with the extraction systems of each group, and the condensed water circulating systems of each group are respectively connected with the steam generating system through the second heat exchange sides of the corresponding second air coolers, so that the condensed water circulating systems are utilized to lead the rest in the extraction systemsThe residual high-temperature condensate water is recycled to prepare a steam heat source, so that the waste heat of the high-efficiency recovery device is realized, and the energy is recycled;
3. in the multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device, the steam generation system can be synchronously connected with one or more groups of extraction systems, so that not only can multiple groups of Chinese herbal medicines be synchronously extracted, thereby improving the extraction efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicine, but also different extraction times can be respectively planned for each group of extraction systems according to the characteristics of different types of Chinese herbal medicines, thereby realizing the purpose of continuously extracting different types of Chinese herbal medicines;
4. in the multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device and the extraction method, CO2The heat pump system forms a working medium loop at the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler, and high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical CO is prepared in the working medium loop2And driving CO in a supercritical state2The heat is released from the first heat exchange side flowing through the first air cooler, so that the working medium realizes the processes of circulating heat absorption and heat release in the working medium loop, and the CO is improved2The energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system reduces energy loss.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device in an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a heat regenerator; 2: an expansion valve; 3: an evaporator; 4: CO 22A compressor; 5: a gas-liquid separator; 6: a first air cooler; 7: a first water storage tank; 8: a feed pump; 9: a flash tank; 10: a water vapor compressor; 11: a water replenishing pump; 12: a buffer tank; 13: an extraction tank; 14: a water supply pump; 15: a stop valve; 16: a second water storage tank; 17: a second air cooler; a: a water inlet; b: a liquid medicine outlet; c: a condensed water outlet; d: a condensed water inlet; f: a second port of a second heat exchange side of the second air cooler; g: and (5) a residual water outlet.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; "notched" means, unless otherwise stated, a shape other than a flat cross-section. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a multiple heat exchange chinese medicine extraction device (this embodiment is referred to as device for short), and further provides a chinese medicine extraction method (this embodiment is referred to as method for short) based on this device. Compared with the existing traditional Chinese medicine extraction device, the device and the method can efficiently recover the waste heat of the device to realize energy recycling, have stronger environmental adaptability, and have the advantages of high outlet water temperature and high energy efficiency ratio of a high-temperature area.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus includes a CO2A heat pump system, a steam generation system, and at least one set of extraction systems. Wherein said CO2The heat pump system includes a first air cooler 6 and a heat pump assembly. The device utilizes CO2Preparation of high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical CO by heat pump component of heat pump system2And the prepared CO is2As heatThe source delivers heat to the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6. The first heat exchange side and the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 are respectively connected with the heat pump assembly and the steam generation system, so that CO can be converted into steam2The heat pump system is coupled with the steam generating system, and liquid water in the steam generating system absorbs heat and heats up when flowing through the first air cooler 6, so that high-temperature steam can be generated subsequently. Each group of extraction systems is respectively connected with the steam generation system, and high-temperature steam in the steam generation system respectively enters each group of extraction systems, so that the Chinese herbal medicines in each group of extraction systems are decocted at high temperature, and sufficient heat energy supply required by the decoction process of the Chinese herbal medicines in the extraction systems is met.
The multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device also comprises at least one group of condensed water circulation system and a second air cooler 17, wherein the first heat exchange side of the second air cooler 17 is connected in series with the CO2In the heat pump system, the condensed water circulation systems of each group are respectively connected with the extraction systems of each group, and the condensed water circulation systems of each group are respectively connected with the steam generation system through the second heat exchange sides of the corresponding second air coolers 17. In one aspect, CO2High temperature, high pressure supercritical state CO produced in a heat pump system2Working medium is connected in series with CO in flow-through2The primary heat release is completed on the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 of the heat pump system, and then the heat pump system sequentially flows through the first heat exchange side and is connected in series with CO2The first heat exchange side of each group of second air coolers 17 of the heat pump system completes one or more times of heat release again; on the other hand, at least one group of condensed water circulation systems recovers the remaining high-temperature condensed water from the extraction system, and the high-temperature condensed water is made to flow through the second heat exchange side of the second air cooler 17 to absorb heat, so that the recovered high-temperature condensed water is directly used for preparing saturated steam, and is supplemented into the steam generation system to be used as a high-temperature heat source of the extraction system, thereby realizing multiple recycling of the condensed water.
Specifically, a set of condensed water circulation systems is taken as an example for explanation. As shown in fig. 1, the condensed water circulation system includes a second water storage tank 16, a first port of the second water storage tank 16 is connected to a first port of a second heat exchanging side of a second air cooler 17, and a second port F of the second heat exchanging side of the second air cooler is connected to the buffer tank 12 of the steam generation systemThe second port of the second reservoir 16 is a condensate inlet D, which is connected to a fourth port (i.e. a condensate outlet C) of the extraction tank 13 of the corresponding set of extraction systems, the connecting line not being shown in fig. 1. The high-temperature condensate water formed by saturated evaporation after heat release in the extraction system can flow back to the second water storage tanks 16 of each group through the connecting pipeline, and the second water storage tanks 16 can play at least two roles here: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, recovering waste heat of water in a steam generation system and an extraction system, namely recovering waste heat of a device; secondly, the second air cooler realizes at least one secondary heat exchange (or called as secondary heat exchange) to improve CO2The inlet water temperature of the heat pump system, thereby achieving the purpose of higher outlet water temperature.
It will be appreciated that the temperature of the condensate is generally relatively high, and therefore the high temperature condensate recovered and stored in the second reservoir tank 16 is passed to the second air cooler 17 and passed through with the CO2The heat pump system carries out secondary heat exchange, can directly generate steam with the temperature of 100 ℃ and supplements the steam into the buffer tank 13 of the steam generation system, so as to improve the steam preparation efficiency of the steam generation system and further improve the energy efficiency ratio of the device.
It will be appreciated that the steam generation system passes through the first gas cooler 6 and the CO2The steam preparation process realized by the heat exchange of the heat pump system can be synchronously carried out with the process of recovering the condensed water and preparing the steam by utilizing the condensed water circulating system.
In one embodiment, CO2The heat pump assembly of the heat pump system comprises an expansion valve 2, an evaporator 3 and CO2A compressor 4. The first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 is provided with a first port and a second port respectively, as shown in fig. 1, the first port of the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 is a working medium outlet, and the second port of the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 is a working medium inlet. Specifically, a first port of a first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 is connected with the evaporator 3 through the expansion valve 2, and the evaporator 3 passes through CO2The compressor 4 is connected with the second port of the first heat exchanging side of the first air cooler 6. The first heat exchange side of the second air coolers 17 of each group is connected in series between the first port of the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 and the expansion valve 2. Word changing deviceWhen there are multiple groups of second air coolers 17, the first heat exchange sides of the groups of second air coolers 17 are sequentially connected in series, and an expansion valve 2, an evaporator 3 and a CO are sequentially connected in series between the working medium outlet of the first heat exchange side of the last group of second air coolers 17 and the working medium inlet of the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 62 Compressor 4, thereby making CO2The heat pump system and the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 jointly form a working medium loop capable of realizing primary heat exchange and at least one secondary heat exchange.
CO2The working medium circularly flows in the working medium loop, and the flow direction of the working medium is shown as the arrow direction in figure 1. CO 22The working medium is circularly transformed among liquid state, gaseous state and supercritical state in the working medium loop, and the heat absorption and heat release processes are realized in the process. In particular, CO in liquid phase2The heat energy in the air is absorbed in the evaporator 3 and evaporated into gas phase CO2. Gas phase CO2Quilt CO2After the compressor 4 sucks and compresses the supercritical state with high temperature and high pressure, the supercritical state enters the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6, and heat is released for the first time to liquid water flowing through the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 in the steam generation system. Supercritical state CO after heat release2Enters the first heat exchange side of the second air cooler 17, releases heat for the second time to the high-temperature condensed water flowing through the second heat exchange side of the second air cooler 17 in the condensed water circulating system, and then CO2The working medium is cooled down completely and enters the expansion valve 2 for expansion and throttling, thereby being converted into liquid-phase CO again2Liquid phase CO after throttling2Enters the evaporator 3 again to absorb heat for evaporation so as to realize primary working medium circulation.
In one embodiment, CO2The heat pump assembly of the heat pump system further comprises a regenerator 1. The first heat exchange side of the heat regenerator 1 is connected between the first port of the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 and the expansion valve 2, and the second heat exchange side of the heat regenerator 1 is connected between the evaporator 3 and the CO2Between the compressors 4. Supercritical state CO after heat release2Before entering the expansion valve 2 for expansion and throttling, the heat is firstly subjected to first heat exchange by the heat regenerator 1Secondary heat release of the device; and gas phase CO generated by endothermic evaporation2In the presence of CO2Before the compressor 4, the temperature is preheated by the second heat exchanger of the heat regenerator 1. The added regenerator 1 serves for supercooling the first air cooler 6 and the second air cooler 17 on the one hand and for supercooling the CO on the other hand2The effect of compressor 4 inlet superheat, it follows that setting regenerator 1 can increase CO2The energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system and the energy loss are reduced.
In one embodiment, CO2The heat pump assembly of the heat pump system further comprises a gas-liquid separator 5. The gas-liquid separator 5 is connected with the evaporator 3 and the CO2Between the compressors 4. CO circulating in working medium circuit2The working medium is easy to form a gas-liquid two-phase mixture after being evaporated by the evaporator 3. Thus in the evaporator 3 with CO2A gas-liquid separator 5 is arranged between the compressors 4 to separate the entering CO2The gas-liquid two-phase mixture of the compressor 4 is subjected to gas-liquid separation so as to improve the compression quality and efficiency of the working medium. It will be appreciated that the gas phase CO will be located above the gas-liquid separator 52The outlet is connected to CO2The air suction port of the compressor is only needed. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, a gas-liquid separator 5 is connected between the evaporator 3 and the second heat exchange side of the regenerator 1 to allow CO in the gas phase2In the presence of CO2Before the compressor, the gas-phase CO can be further improved by preheating through the second heat exchanger of the heat regenerator 12Compression quality and efficiency.
In one embodiment, the steam generation system includes a first accumulator tank 7, a flash tank 9, a water vapor compressor 10, and a buffer tank 12. The second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 is respectively provided with a first port and a second port, the first port of the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 is a working medium inlet, the second port of the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 is a working medium outlet, and the flowing direction of the working medium is shown as the arrow direction in fig. 1.
The first reservoir tank 7 is provided with at least a first port, a second port and a third port. The first port of the first water storage tank 7 is connected with the first port of the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6, so that liquid water in the first water storage tank 7 can flow through the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 to absorb heat and raise temperature; the second port of the first water storage tank 7 is connected with each group of extraction systems so as to conveniently fill liquid water into the extraction systems respectively, and the liquid water flowing into each group of extraction systems through the second port of the first water storage tank 7 is used as a water source for completing the drug moistening process in each group of extraction systems; the third port of the first reservoir tank 7 is the water inlet a.
A second port of the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 is connected with a steam preparation pipeline, and a flash tank 9, a water vapor compressor 10 and a buffer tank 12 are sequentially installed on the steam preparation pipeline. Specifically, a second port of the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 is connected with a first port of a buffer tank 12 sequentially through a flash tank 9 and a water vapor compressor 10, and a second port of the buffer tank 12 is connected with each group of extraction systems. Wherein, the first port of the buffer tank 12 is a working medium inlet, and the second port of the buffer tank 12 is a working medium outlet. The liquid water is heated by the first air cooler 6 and converted into hot water with the temperature of 90-100 ℃, and then enters the flash tank 9, and the hot water is converted into steam with the temperature of 80-90 ℃ in the flash tank 9 due to the negative pressure environment formed in the flash tank 9 caused by the operation of the water vapor compressor 10. The steam enters a water vapor compressor 10, is compressed and enthalpy-increased into saturated steam with the temperature of 100 ℃, enters a buffer tank 12, and is then conveyed to each group of extraction systems through a second port of the buffer tank 12 as required to serve as a heat source for finishing the decoction process of each group of extraction systems.
It can be understood that the buffer tank 12 is also connected with the second port F of the second heat exchanging side of each group of the second air coolers, so that the saturated steam prepared in the condensed water circulating system can be directly supplemented into the buffer tank 12 of the steam generating system and can be used as a heat source of the subsequent extraction system.
In one embodiment, the steam generating system further comprises a feed pump 8, the feed pump 8 being connected between the first port of the first water reservoir 7 and the first port of the second heat exchanging side of the first air cooler 6. The water feeding pump 8 is used for pumping the liquid water in the first water storage tank 7 into the first air cooler 6 so as to accelerate the steam preparation efficiency.
In one embodiment, the steam generating system further comprises a water replenishing pipeline and a water replenishing pump 11. The water replenishing pipeline is connected between the flash tank 9 and the water vapor compressor 10 in a bypass mode, and the water replenishing pump 11 is installed on the water replenishing pipeline. After the process of converting hot water into steam is completed in the flash tank 9, the residual hot water at 70-80 ℃ in the flash tank enters a water replenishing pipeline, and a water replenishing pump 11 arranged on the water replenishing pipeline can pump the residual hot water into the water vapor compressor 10 as a water replenishing water source of the water vapor compressor 10. The water replenishing pump 11 is used for reducing the exhaust temperature of the water vapor compressor 10 by spraying water, reducing the superheat degree, and also has the functions of lubricating, sealing and increasing the amount of steam. While higher makeup water temperatures are more energy efficient for the steam generation system.
It can be understood that the flash tank 9 is further provided with a residual water outlet G, and the residual water outlet G is connected with the first water storage tank 7, so that residual water after evaporation in the flash tank 9 is recovered to the first water storage tank 7 for recycling. The first reservoir tank 7 can serve at least two functions: firstly, the waste heat of water in the device can be recovered; secondly, can improve CO2The inlet water temperature of the heat pump system achieves the purpose of higher outlet water temperature.
In one embodiment, the extraction system comprises an extraction tank 13. The extraction tank 13 comprises a casing and a liner (the double-layer structure is not shown in fig. 1), the liner is sleeved in the casing, and a space for introducing saturated steam is reserved between the liner and the casing. The medicine moistening process is carried out in the inner container of the extraction tank 13, and after the medicine moistening process is finished, saturated steam in the buffer tank 12 is introduced into a space between the outer shell and the inner container of the extraction tank 13, so that the liquid medicine in the inner container of the extraction tank 13 is heated to 100 ℃ by using high-temperature saturated steam and is kept boiling. Different types of medicinal materials need different extraction time, and the liquid medicine is discharged after the extraction time is up.
The extraction tank 13 is provided with at least a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port. The first port and the third port of the extraction tank 13 are respectively communicated with the inner container, and the first port and the third port of the extraction tank 13 are not communicated with the space to ensure that the inner container as a medicine-charging container is not communicated with the space communicated with the heat source. The second port and the fourth port of the extraction tank 13 are respectively communicated to the space.
Specifically, a first port of the extraction tank 13 is connected with a second port of the water storage tank 7, and can directly receive low-temperature liquid water from the water storage tank 7, so that the Chinese herbal medicines in the extraction tank 13 can be soaked by the liquid water, and the medicine moistening process is completed; the second port of the extraction tank 13 is connected to the second port of the buffer tank 12, so that the high-temperature saturated steam in the buffer tank 12 can be introduced into the extraction tank 13 to be used as a heat source for completing the decocting process of the Chinese herbal medicines. The third port of the extraction tank 13 is a liquid medicine outlet B. The fourth port of the extraction tank 13 is a condensed water outlet C.
It can be understood that, since the saturated steam in the interlayer space of the extraction tank 13 still has high residual heat after releasing heat, so as to form high-temperature condensed water, the fourth port of the extraction tank 13 may be connected to the condensed water inlet D of the second water storage tank 16, and the high-temperature condensed water formed after saturated evaporation and heat release may be introduced into the second water storage tank 16 through a water pipe (not shown in fig. 1). The second water storage tank 16 functions to make full use of different water temperatures, and since the temperature of the recovered condensed water is high enough, steam can be directly generated using the second air cooler 17.
The steam generation system of the device may be connected to one set of extraction system, or may be connected to two or more sets of extraction systems. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the steam generation system is respectively connected to two sets of extraction systems, specifically: the first ports of the extracting tanks 13 of the two groups of extracting systems are respectively connected with the second ports of the first water storage tanks 7, and the second ports of the extracting tanks 13 of the two groups of extracting systems are respectively connected with the second ports of the buffer tanks 12. Further, the extraction system further comprises a water supply pump 14 and a shut-off valve 15, the water supply pump 14 and the shut-off valve 15 being in turn mounted between the first port of the extraction tank 13 and the second port of the first water storage tank 7. The Chinese herbal medicines with different components can be additionally arranged in the extracting tank 13 of each group of extracting system as required, the parameter requirements (such as time and water quantity) of the medicine moistening process are different, the water pump and the stop valve 15 between the first port of the extracting tank 13 and the first water storage tank 7 of each group are respectively opened according to the parameter requirements of the medicine moistening process required by different medicinal materials, so that the low-temperature liquid water with the temperature of 20-50 ℃ in the first water storage tank 7 is respectively filled into the extracting tanks 13 of each group as required, and the Chinese herbal medicines of each group are respectively added into the corresponding extracting tanks 13 to carry out the medicine moistening process.
In an embodiment, the present embodiment provides a method for extracting chinese medicine based on the above multiple heat exchange chinese medicine extraction device. The method comprises the following steps:
by using CO2The heat pump component of the heat pump system forms a working medium loop on the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6, and the working medium loop is used for preparing CO in a supercritical state2And driving CO in a supercritical state2The heat is primarily released when flowing through the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6, and is released again at least once when flowing through the first heat exchange side of at least one group of second air coolers;
connecting a steam preparation pipeline on the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 by using a steam generation system so that the liquid water absorbing heat through the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 is prepared into saturated steam through the steam preparation pipeline;
absorbing heat at a second heat exchange side of the second air cooler by using at least one group of condensed water circulating systems so as to prepare saturated steam by using the recovered condensed water;
and introducing saturated steam serving as a heat source into each group of extraction systems.
The step of preparing the saturated steam by connecting the steam generating system to the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 through the steam preparing pipeline so that the liquid water absorbing heat through the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 is prepared into the saturated steam by the steam preparing pipeline and the step of preparing the saturated steam by using at least one group of condensed water circulating systems to absorb heat through the second heat exchange side of the second air cooler so as to prepare the saturated steam by using the recovered condensed water can be synchronously performed.
The specific processes of the above steps have been described in detail in the foregoing, and thus are not described herein again.
It should be noted that the device and the method can effectively improve the utilization rate of heat energy, and can add a plurality of extraction tanks 13 on a branch path aiming at the feeding of the traditional Chinese medicine with the water temperature of 20-50 ℃ to continuously extract different types of Chinese herbal medicines, CO2The compressor can operate between 0Hz and 70Hz, and the water vapor compressor 10 canThe operation is carried out between 0Hz and 50 Hz.
In summary, the multiple heat exchange Chinese medicine extraction device of the embodiment utilizes CO2The heat pump system is used as a heat source and has the advantages of strong environment adaptability and good environment protection effect. The first heat exchange side and the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6 are respectively connected with the CO2The heat pump assembly of the heat pump system is connected with the steam generation system, so that liquid water in the steam generation system can rapidly obtain heat to be converted into high-temperature liquid water through the efficient heat exchange effect of the first air cooler 6, the steam generation system further prepares the high-temperature liquid water into saturated steam, and the saturated steam is provided for the extraction system as a heat source.
The multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device further comprises at least one group of condensed water circulation system and a second air cooler, wherein a first heat exchange side of the second air cooler is connected in series with the CO2In the heat pump system, the condensed water circulating systems of each group are respectively connected with the extraction systems of each group, and the condensed water circulating systems of each group are respectively connected with the steam generating system through the second heat exchange sides of the corresponding second air coolers, so that the condensed water circulating systems are utilized to recycle and reuse the high-temperature condensed water left in the extraction systems to prepare steam heat sources, the waste heat of the high-efficiency recovery device is realized, and the energy recycling is realized.
In the multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device of the embodiment, the steam generation system can be synchronously connected with one or more groups of extraction systems, so that multiple groups of Chinese herbal medicines can be synchronously extracted, the extraction efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicines is improved, different extraction times can be respectively planned for the extraction systems according to the characteristics of the Chinese herbal medicines of different types, and the purpose of continuously extracting the Chinese herbal medicines of different types is realized.
In the multiple heat exchange Chinese medicine extraction device and the extraction method of the embodiment, CO2The heat pump system forms a working medium loop at the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler 6, and high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical CO is prepared in the working medium loop2And driving the supercriticalCO in state2The heat is released from the first heat exchange side flowing through the first air cooler 6, so that the working medium realizes the processes of circulating heat absorption and heat release in the working medium loop, and the CO is improved2The energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system reduces energy loss.
The embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (10)
1. A multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device is characterized in that the multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device comprises CO2A heat pump system, a steam generation system and at least one set of extraction systems, the CO2The heat pump system comprises a first air cooler and a heat pump assembly, a first heat exchange side and a second heat exchange side of the first air cooler are respectively connected with the heat pump assembly and the steam generation system, and each group of extraction systems is connected with the steam generation system;
the multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device also comprises at least one group of condensed water circulation system and a second air cooler, wherein the first heat exchange side of the second air cooler is connected in series with the CO2In the heat pump system, the condensed water circulation system of each group is connected with the extraction system of each group, and the condensed water circulation system of each group is connected with the steam generation system through the corresponding second heat exchange side of the second air cooler.
2. The multiple heat exchange apparatus for extracting chinese traditional medicine according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump assembly comprises an expansion valve, an evaporator and CO2The first port of the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler is connected with the evaporator through the expansion valve, and the evaporator passes through the CO2Compressor and the first air coolerA second port of the heat exchange side is connected; the first heat exchange side of each group of the second air coolers is connected in series between the first port of the first heat exchange side of the first air cooler and the expansion valve.
3. The multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device according to claim 2, wherein the heat pump assembly further comprises a heat regenerator, a first heat exchange side of the heat regenerator is connected between a first heat exchange side of the second air cooler and the expansion valve, and a second heat exchange side of the heat regenerator is connected between the evaporator and the CO2Between the compressors.
4. The multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device of claim 2, wherein the heat pump assembly further comprises a gas-liquid separator connected to the evaporator and the CO2Between the compressors.
5. The multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the steam generation system comprises a first water storage tank, a water feed pump, a flash tank, a water vapor compressor and a buffer tank, a first port of the first water storage tank is connected with a first port of a second heat exchange side of the first air cooler, a second port of the first water storage tank is connected with each group of extraction systems, and a third port of the first water storage tank is a water inlet; the water feeding pump is connected between a first port of the first water storage tank and a first port of a second heat exchange side of the first air cooler, a second port of the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler is connected with a first port of the buffer tank through the flash tank and the water vapor compressor in sequence, and a second port of the buffer tank is connected with the extraction system.
6. The multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device according to claim 5, wherein the steam generation system further comprises a water replenishing pipeline and a water replenishing pump, the water replenishing pipeline is connected between the flash tank and the steam compressor in a bypass mode, and the water replenishing pump is installed on the water replenishing pipeline.
7. The multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device according to claim 5, wherein the extraction system comprises an extraction tank, the extraction tank comprises a housing and a liner, the liner is sleeved in the housing, and a space into which saturated steam can be introduced is left between the liner and the housing;
the first port and the third port of the extraction tank are respectively communicated to the inner container, the first port of the extraction tank is connected with the second port of the water storage tank, and the third port of the extraction tank is a liquid medicine outlet;
the second port and the fourth port of the extraction tank are communicated to the space respectively, the second port of the extraction tank is connected with the second port of the buffer tank, and the fourth port of the extraction tank is a condensed water outlet.
8. The multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device according to claim 7, wherein the condensed water circulation system comprises a second water storage tank, a first port of the second water storage tank is connected with a first port of a second heat exchange side of the second air cooler, a second port of the second heat exchange side of the second air cooler is connected with the buffer tank, a second port of the second water storage tank is a condensed water inlet, and the condensed water inlet is connected with a fourth port of the extraction tank.
9. The multiple heat exchange apparatus for extracting traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 7, wherein the extraction system further comprises a water supply pump and a stop valve, the water supply pump and the stop valve are sequentially installed between the first port of the extraction tank and the second port of the first water storage tank.
10. The extraction method of the multiple heat exchange traditional Chinese medicine extraction device based on any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
by using CO2The heat pump assembly of the heat pump system is arranged in the first air coolerThe first heat exchange side of the heat exchanger forms a working medium loop, and the working medium loop is utilized to prepare CO in a supercritical state2And driving said supercritical CO2The heat exchange gas flows through the first heat exchange side of the first gas cooler to carry out primary heat release, and flows through the first heat exchange side of at least one group of second gas coolers to carry out secondary heat release for at least one time;
connecting a steam preparation pipeline on the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler by using a steam generation system so that the liquid water absorbing heat through the second heat exchange side of the first air cooler is prepared into saturated steam through the steam preparation pipeline;
absorbing heat at a second heat exchange side of the second air cooler by using at least one group of condensed water circulating systems so as to prepare saturated steam by using the recovered condensed water;
and introducing the saturated steam serving as a heat source into each group of extraction systems.
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