CN113330829A - Low-soil-viscosity high-speed plough - Google Patents

Low-soil-viscosity high-speed plough Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113330829A
CN113330829A CN202110549347.1A CN202110549347A CN113330829A CN 113330829 A CN113330829 A CN 113330829A CN 202110549347 A CN202110549347 A CN 202110549347A CN 113330829 A CN113330829 A CN 113330829A
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plough
soil
wall
scale
piston
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CN113330829B (en
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高建民
丁文浩
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B3/00—Ploughs with fixed plough-shares
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B15/00—Elements, tools, or details of ploughs
    • A01B15/02—Plough blades; Fixing the blades
    • A01B15/04—Shares
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B15/00—Elements, tools, or details of ploughs
    • A01B15/02—Plough blades; Fixing the blades
    • A01B15/08—Mouldboards
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B15/00—Elements, tools, or details of ploughs
    • A01B15/14—Frames
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B15/00—Elements, tools, or details of ploughs
    • A01B15/18—Coulters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-soil-viscosity high-speed plough, which relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment and comprises a plough share, a plough wall, a plough support, a plough column, a plough side plate, an extension plate and a pull rod; a plough wall is arranged above the plough share, the plough wall is of a curved surface structure, and the plough wall comprises a plough breast and plough wings; the plough breast is arranged in front of the plough wing; the plough wall non-working side is provided with a plough support, the plough support is welded on a plough support supporting plate, the side surface below the plough support is parallel and level with the lower end surface of the plough share, the plough support is provided with the lower end of a plough column, and the upper end of the plough column is provided with a plough frame. According to the loach and other soil discharging devices with mucus adhering scales on the surfaces and the specificity and naturalness of arrangement of the scales, the invention can control the flowing-out of soil lubricant harmless to soil and can automatically rebound. The invention can not only complete the high-speed operation of the plough body, but also reduce the adhesion condition of soil to the plough wall during cultivation.

Description

Low-soil-viscosity high-speed plough
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and particularly relates to a low-soil-viscosity high-speed plough.
Background
Soil cultivation consumes more than 70% of the power of the agricultural machine, while soil adhesion consumes the largest part of the energy of the high-speed plough. Aiming at the current situation that the soil adhesion of the current high-speed plough is serious, the invention utilizes the characteristic that the cultivated soil is negatively charged, reduces the soil adhesion in the cultivation process by designing a reasonable plough body curved surface and utilizing a piezoelectric technology, and reduces the cultivation energy consumption. In addition, the shape and parameters of the plough body curved surface have influence on upturned soil turning and crushing performance, and have great influence on power consumption and adaptability in the soil cultivation process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a low-soil-viscosity high-speed plough, which reduces the soil adhesion by arranging piezoelectric ceramics and a bionic soil discharge device, thereby reducing the cultivation consumption.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.
A low-soil-viscosity high-speed plough comprises a plough share, a plough wall, a plough bracket, a plough column, a plough side plate, an extension plate and a pull rod; a plough wall is arranged above the plough share, the plough wall is of a curved surface structure, and the plough wall comprises a plough breast and plough wings; the plough breast is arranged in front of the plough wing; the plough wall non-working side is provided with a plough support, the plough support is welded on a plough support supporting plate, the side surface below the plough support is parallel and level with the lower end surface of the plough share, the plough support is provided with the lower end of a plough column, and the upper end of the plough column is provided with a plough frame.
Furthermore, a plough side plate is further installed on the plough support, one end of a pull rod is installed on the plough side plate through a pin shaft, and an extension plate is installed at the other end of the pull rod through a pin shaft.
Furthermore, a plurality of rows of piezoelectric ceramics are arranged on the plough wing.
Furthermore, a bionic soil discharging device is arranged on the plough wing; the bionic soil discharging device is used for discharging soil on the plough wall.
Furthermore, the bionic soil discharging device comprises a scale-shaped pressure plate, a piston push rod, a piston, a micro cylinder, a pin shaft with a hole, the scale-shaped pressure plate, a piston cylinder cover with the hole, a sealing ring, a rotary switch, a liquid outlet pipe and a liquid storage bottle; the scale-shaped pressure plate is arranged on one side of the plough wing through a pin shaft with a hole, one end of a piston push rod is arranged on the scale-shaped pressure plate, the other end of the piston push rod is arranged on a piston, the piston is arranged in the micro cylinder, and the scale-shaped pressure plate can drive the piston push rod to push the piston to move along the wall of the micro cylinder when being pressed or pulled; the micro cylinder is sealed by a cylinder cover of the piston with the hole, and a sealing ring is arranged between the piston and the cylinder cover of the piston with the hole;
the shaft sleeve is fixedly arranged on the non-working side of the plough wing, and a pin shaft with a hole is arranged in the shaft sleeve; one end of a liquid outlet pipe is arranged on the pin shaft with the hole, the other end of the liquid outlet pipe is arranged in the liquid storage bottle, a rotary switch is arranged on the end, arranged on the pin shaft with the hole, of the liquid outlet pipe, and the rotary switch is welded with the flaky pressed plate; the rotation of the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate can realize the opening and closing of the rotary switch, so that the lubricant flows to the surface of the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate through the liquid outlet pipe and the liquid outlet holes in the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate.
Further, the miniature cylinder is arranged on the non-working surface of the plough wing.
Furthermore, the flaky pressure receiving plate is close to the loach biological model according to the shape of the loach scales.
Further, the piezoelectric ceramic is a barium titanate material.
Furthermore, the expression of the derivative curve of the curved surface at the plough wing position where the piezoelectric ceramics are located is Y (x) ═ Yf(x)+Yt(x) The curve is a composite function curve formed by two sections of parabolas tangent to an arc line at the highest point and a binary quartic function curve, and specifically comprises the following steps:
Yf(x)＝f0/xf 2＝(2xf *x-x2)，x≤xf；
Yf(x)＝f0/(1-xf)2＝[(1-2xf)+2xfx-x2]，x＞xf；
Figure BDA0003074776330000021
wherein L represents the span of the connecting line at the two ends of the guide curve; f. of0The maximum distance from the connecting line of the midpoints of the arcs of the derivative curve to the span connecting line is represented; xfRepresenting the distance of the maximum camber from the front end; y (x) represents the plow body curve derivative curve equation of the embedded piezoelectric ceramic, and t represents the section of the derivative curveThe maximum distance from the line to the connecting line at the two ends of the guide curve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the piezoelectric ceramics are embedded on the curved surface of the plough body, and during the clod overturning process of the high-speed plough, the clod extrudes the piezoelectric ceramics, so that charges are accumulated on two electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramics, negative charges are led to the plough wall, and the plough soil is negatively charged due to the orientation of the negative electrode to the plough wall, and the soil and the plough wall are repelled by the repulsion of the same poles, so that the adhesion condition of the soil to the plough wall is reduced.
2. The plough wall adopts the combined plough wall, the piezoelectric ceramics are embedded on the plough wings at the rear part of the plough wall, and the piezoelectric ceramics cannot be replaced together on the plough breast due to too fast abrasion.
3. The bionic dumping device disclosed by the invention applies a bionics principle, combines the arrangement of the loach scales on the loach surface and the biological characteristics of the mucus attached to the scales, and is added with the cylinder piston device to simulate the elastic characteristics of the loach scales, so that the clay can be effectively pushed outwards when the plough body leaves the soil, and the loach slides naturally.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front elevation view of a low clay high speed plow in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the piezo-ceramic layout of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the upturned soil turning process of the low-clay high-speed plough;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the curved surface of the plow body at the location of the piezoelectric ceramic inlay mounting in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the soil particle flow stress on the plough body curved surface at the piezoelectric ceramic embedding installation position in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a lead curve of a piezoelectric ceramic mounting pad of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a view showing a structure of a bionic soil discharging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of a scale-shaped pressure receiving plate of the bionic soil discharging device according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a rotating part of a scale-shaped pressure receiving plate of the bionic soil discharging device according to the embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a plough share; 2-plough wall; 3-ploughing; 4-plough wing; 5-plough column; 6-ploughing; 7-plough side plate; 8-plough frame; 9-extension plate; 10-a pull rod; 11-piezoelectric ceramics; 12-a plow shoe plate; 13-piston pusher; 14-a piston; 15-a miniature cylinder; 16-pin shaft with holes; 17-a scaly compression plate; 18-piston cylinder cover with holes; 19-a sealing ring; 20-a rotary switch; 21-a liquid outlet pipe; 22-a liquid storage bottle; and 23, fixing the shaft sleeve.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
A low-soil-viscosity high-speed plough comprises a high-speed plough body, wherein the high-speed plough body comprises a plough share 1, a plough wall 2, a plough support 6, a plough column 5, a plough side plate 7, an extension plate 9 and a pull rod 10; the plough share 1 is a chisel-shaped plough share, and the plough wall 2 is a combined plough wall consisting of a plough breast 3 and plough wings 4; the plough column 5 is a bent plough column; the plow stock 6 is arranged at the lower end of the plow standard and the plow standard combination to assemble the plow share, the plow wall and the plow side plate into a plow body through screws; the plow frame 8 is formed by welding hollow pipes and is used for mounting a high-speed plow body and other parts; the plow stock 6 and the plow standard 5 assemble the plow share 1, the plow wall 2, the plow side plate 7 and the plow stock support plate 12 into a plow body through countersunk screws. The plow body is fixed on the plow frame by the plow standard 5 through bolt connection. The plow stock 6 is welded on the plow stock supporting plate 12 and used for fixing the plowshare 1, the plow wall 2 and the plow side plate 7, and is divided into a curved surface part and a plane part, and the plane part is connected with the plow standard 5 and the plow side plate 7 through countersunk head screws. The plough side plate 7 is positioned at the rear upper part of the plough share 1. The plough wing 4 at the rear end of the plough wall 2 is provided with an extension plate 9. The plough side plate 7 is connected with an extension plate 9 through a pull rod 10.
The piezoelectric ceramics are piezoelectric ceramics 11 made of barium titanate materials with the same models. The piezoelectric ceramics 11 are embedded in the front middle part of the plough wing 4 of the combined plough wall 2 by adopting an array, the distance between two adjacent piezoelectric ceramics is equal, and the derivative curve of the plough body curved surface at the position is a curve equation expression of Y (x) Yf(x)+Yt(x) The compound function curve is composed of two sections of parabolas tangent to an arc line at the highest point and a binary quartic function curve, so that the compound function curve is greatly stressed and generates charges by being extruded with upturned soil during plowing and upturned soil ploughing; can be generated by piezoelectric ceramics 11The viscosity reducing effect is generated by the effect, and the bionic soil discharging device can complete the soil discharging function of the clay on the plough wall; the piezoelectric ceramics 11 are embedded in the front middle part of the plough wing 4 in an equidistant array, are positioned at the position where the curved surface of the plough body bears the larger pressure from the upturned soil, the anode faces the rear side of the plough wall 2, and the cathode faces the inner side of the plough wall 2.
The bionic soil discharging device comprises a piston push rod 13, a piston 14, a micro cylinder 15, a pin shaft 16 with a hole, a scaly pressure-bearing plate 17, a piston cylinder cover 18 with a hole, a sealing ring 19, a rotary switch 20, a liquid outlet pipe 21, a liquid storage bottle 22 and a fixed shaft sleeve 23; the flaky pressure receiving plate 17 is close to the biological model of the loach according to the shape of the loach scale; the piston push rod 13, the piston 14, the micro cylinder 15 and the piston cylinder cover 18 with the hole form the power assembly of the dumping device; the rotary switch 20, the liquid outlet pipe 21 and the liquid storage bottle 22 form a liquid outlet device of the bionic soil discharging device; the liquid storage bottle 22 is pressurized in advance, and the rotary switch 20 is opened along with the rotation of the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate 17, so that soil lubricant harmless to soil flows to the surface of the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate 17 through the liquid outlet pipe 21 through the liquid outlet holes in the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate 17.
On the shape basis of the bionic dumping device depending on the curved surface of the plough body, mucus adhering scales and scale arrangement characteristics are arranged on the plough wall according to the loaches and other body surfaces, the loach biological model is pressed close to after each scale-shaped pressure receiving plate is installed, broken soil can be prevented from entering the lower end of the pressing plate to influence the pressure closing effect of the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate, and meanwhile, the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate is provided with a liquid outlet, so that a soil lubricant can flow out after being pressed. The bionic dumping device has the loach scale arrangement characteristic, is arranged at the position where the plough wall is easy to stick soil according to the cultivation experience, and the arrangement area of the bionic dumping device accounts for 20-30% of the surface area of the whole plough wall; when the high-speed plough works, the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate 17 is extruded, the piston push rod pushes the piston to compress air in the micro cylinder, and meanwhile, the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate 17 rotates to enable the rotary switch 20 to open soil lubricant to flow out of the liquid outlet holes in the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate 17 through the liquid outlet pipe 21 in the pin shaft 16 with the hole. When the plough body leaves the soil, the gas in the cylinder pushes away the clay adhered to the surface of the scaly pressure plate, and the gravity center of the adhered soil block is changed and slides off the surface of the plough wall under the combined action of the gravity of the clay and the soil lubricant. According to the bionic soil discharging device, the piston cylinder cover 18 with the hole is in parallel and level with the surface of the plough wall through threaded connection, and meanwhile, the stroke of a piston push rod can be limited, so that excessive compression damage is prevented. The bionic soil discharging device is characterized in that one end of a flaky pressure plate 17 is connected to the plough wall through a pin shaft with a hole and a fixed shaft sleeve in a matched mode and can rotate in a certain angle, and steel with good wear resistance is selected as a material. The upper end of the piston push rod is connected with the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate through threaded connection. The scale-shaped compression plate 17 of the bionic dumping device can be enlarged or reduced in proportion according to actual production requirements, so that different installation densities are generated. A plurality of liquid outlet holes can be formed in the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate 17 of the bionic soil discharging device, whether the liquid outlet device outputs liquid or not can be controlled by the rotation of the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate 17, and the controllable mucus secretion back holes of animals such as loaches can be simulated. When the scale-shaped pressure plate 17 is pressed to rotate by the liquid outlet device, the rotary switch 20 is turned on, and the soil lubricant flows out from the liquid outlet holes in the scale-shaped pressure plate 17 through the liquid outlet pipe 21. When the plough body is lifted away from the soil, the scale-shaped pressure-bearing plate 17 is pushed outwards by the piston push rod to drive the rotating switch 20 to be closed, and the liquid outlet device stops discharging liquid.
With reference to the attached drawings 1 and 2, the low-clay high-speed plough comprises a high-speed plough body, a plough frame, piezoelectric ceramics and a bionic soil discharging device;
the high-speed plough body comprises a plough share 1, a plough wall 2, a plough breast 3, plough wings 4, plough columns 5, a plough support 6, a plough side plate 7, an extension plate 9, a pull rod 10 and a plough support plate 12; the ploughshare 1 is a chisel-shaped ploughshare, the joint of the ploughshare 1 and the plough wall 2 is tightly connected through a countersunk screw, and the ploughshare 1 is in a certain angle; the plow stock 6 is fixed with the plow stock supporting plate 12 by welding; the plough breast 3, the plough wing 4 and the plough share 1 are fixed on the plough support 6 through bolts; the plow stock 6 is connected with the plow standard 5 through a fixed bolt; the plough side plate 7 is fixedly connected with the plough support 6 through bolts; the plough side plate 7 is fixedly connected with the pull rod 10 through a bolt; the pull rod 10 and the extension plate 9 are fixedly connected through a fixed plate welded on the back of the plough wing 4 through bolts.
When the high-speed plough is used for cultivation, the upturned soil moving on the plough wall and the upturned soil on the back of the plough wall can be regarded as an ideal fluidThe flow velocity of the soil particle flow at the front side and the rear side of the plough wall are different, and the flow velocity at the front side of the plough wall is smaller than that at the rear side of the plough wall, the pressure intensity at the place with large flow velocity is small and the pressure intensity at the place with small flow velocity is strong according to the Bernoulli equation, so the soil particle flow extrudes the piezoelectric ceramics at the place; piezoelectric ceramics 11 are embedded in the front middle part of a curved plough wing 4 of the plough body in an aligned mode, the positions are positions with larger extrusion force of upturned soil to a plough wall, and the expression of an equation is Y (x) Yf(x)+Yt(x) The plough body curved surface is generated by a derivative curve which is a composite function curve formed by two sections of parabolas tangent to an arc line at the highest point and a binary quartic function curve.
The bionic soil discharging device comprises a piston push rod 13, a piston 14, a micro cylinder 15, a pin shaft 16 with a hole, a scaly pressure-bearing plate 17, a piston cylinder cover 18 with a hole, a sealing ring 19, a rotary switch 20, a liquid outlet pipe 21, a liquid storage bottle 22 and a fixed shaft sleeve 23; the piston push rod 13 is connected with the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate 17 through threaded connection; the scaly pressed plate 17 is connected with the plough wall 2 through the pin shaft 16 with a hole and the fixed shaft sleeve 23; the piston cylinder cover 18 with the hole is connected with the plough wall 2 through threaded connection; the micro cylinder 15 is connected with the plough wall 2 through welding; the liquid storage bottle 22 is pre-pressurized and screwed on the plough wall 2 through threads; the rotary switch 20 is connected with the pin shaft 16 with the hole through threaded connection; the rotary switch 20 is connected with the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate 17 through welding; the size of each bionic soil discharging device in actual production and installation can be changed in proportion according to needs.
Specifically, in combination with the piezoelectric ceramic arrangement shown in fig. 3, preferably, the piezoelectric ceramics 11 are arranged on the curved surface of the plow body in an equidistant and symmetrical array.
With reference to fig. 4, the state of the upturned soil in the process of overturning on the curved surface of the plough body is expressed. After the upturned soil moves up to a certain height along the curved surface of the plough body, the upturned soil is twisted and bent to be enlarged and overturned in the air. According to the related materials, the cultivated soil is negatively charged, the soil particle flow moves along the curved surface of the plough body and simultaneously extrudes the piezoelectric ceramic plates embedded in the array on the curved surface of the plough body, the piezoelectric principle of the piezoelectric ceramic plates generates charge movement, the negative electrode faces the inner side of the plough wall during installation, and the negative charge is gathered towards the plough wall and generates repulsion due to the same polarity, so that the problem of adhesion of the soil to the plough wall is solved.
Referring to fig. 5, in this embodiment, a lead curve describing the curved surface of the plow body inlaid with the piezoelectric ceramic segments is provided, and for convenience of calculation, when the high-speed plow performs plowing operation, it is assumed that the high-speed plow body is stationary and the soil particle flow flows from a distance, and the height difference caused by the thickness of the plow wall itself is ignored. Furthermore, the flow of soil particles is considered to be an ideal fluid and flows with a steady flow. The Bernoulli equation derived by the continuity principle and the function conservation principle reveals the energy change rule in the liquid flowing process. The pressure difference before and after the plough wall is obtained as follows:
Figure BDA0003074776330000061
in the formula, p2Indicating the pressure of the contact surface of the plough wall with the soil flow, p1The pressure on the back side of the plough wall is shown; ρ represents the density of the soil; the section of the small upturned soil is S, the pressure difference caused by the flow velocity of the soil in front of and behind the plough wall generates pressure F to the curved surface of the plough body, and F is S (p)2-p1)。
The curve equation of the specific plow body curved surface of the mosaic mounting piezoelectric ceramics expressed by the figure 5 is expressed as Y (x) and Y according to a coordinate systemf(x)+Yt(x) Wherein
Yf(x)＝f0/xf 2＝(2xf *x-x2)，x≤xf；
Yf(x)＝f0/(1-xf)2＝[(1-2xf)+2xfx-x2]，x＞xf。
Figure BDA0003074776330000062
Wherein L represents the span of the connecting line at the two ends of the guide curve; f. of0The maximum distance from the connecting line of the midpoints of the arcs of the derivative curve to the span connecting line is represented; xfRepresenting the distance of the maximum camber from the front end; y (x) denotes a mosaic mount piezoelectricThe equation of the plow body curve of the ceramic is shown in t, and the maximum distance from the section of the curve to the connecting line of the two ends of the curve is shown in t.
Specific selection parameter f0＝0.02L，f0Is located at a distance of (L-X) from the front endf) And determining the coordinate value of the equation of the section of the derivative curve when t is 0.12L and 0.4L.
The pressing force F vertical to the position generated by the soil particle flow when the plough body curved surface moves upwards is shown in the combined figure 6.
And the curve CD shown in the attached figure 7 represents the schematic position of the section of the lead curve, and the horizontal line AB continuously changes the element line angle theta along the lead curve to form the plough body curved surface embedded with the piezoelectric ceramic plate.
In combination with the bionic soil discharging device shown in the attached figure 8, the scaly pressure receiving plate is extruded by the upward-fleeing soil particle flow along the plough wall during high-speed plough cultivation. The arrangement of each unit is based on the distribution characteristics of the loach scales on the body surface shape, and when the loach scales are pressed, every two adjacent units are tightly attached to prevent soil grains from entering the lower end of the scale-shaped pressed plate 17 to block the air holes. When the high-speed plough works, the soil particle flow extrudes the flaky pressure receiving plates 17 to close gaps of the adjacent flaky pressure receiving plates, and the piston push rod 13 pushes the piston to compress air in the micro cylinder 15. Meanwhile, the scale-shaped pressure plate 17 rotates to drive the rotary switch 20 to be opened, and the soil lubricant flows out of the liquid outlet holes in the scale-shaped pressure plate 17 through the liquid outlet pipe. After the high-speed plough body leaves the soil, the gas pressure in the micro cylinder 15 is stronger than the external atmospheric pressure so as to push the piston outwards, so that the scale-shaped pressure-bearing plate 17 is opened outwards, the scale-shaped pressure-bearing plate 17 drives the rotary switch 20 to be closed under the pushing action of the piston push rod 13, the liquid outlet device stops discharging liquid, meanwhile, the clay adhered to the surface of the scale-shaped pressure-bearing plate is pushed outwards, and the clay naturally slides down due to the gravity and the gravity position change under the action of the soil lubricating liquid.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A low-soil-viscosity high-speed plough is characterized by comprising a plough share (1), a plough wall (2), a plough support (6), a plough column (5), a plough side plate (7), an extension plate (9) and a pull rod (10); a plough wall (2) is arranged above the plough share (1), the plough wall (2) is of a curved surface structure, and the plough wall (2) comprises a plough breast (3) and plough wings (4); the plough breast (3) is arranged in front of the plough wing (4); the plough wall (2) is provided with a plough support (6) on the non-working side, the plough support (6) and the plough share (1) are welded on a plough support supporting plate (12), the side surface below the plough support (6) is parallel and level with the lower end surface of the plough share (1), the plough support (6) is provided with the lower end of a plough column (5), and the upper end of the plough column (5) is provided with a plough frame (8).
2. The low-soil high-speed plough according to claim 1, wherein the plough support (6) is further provided with a plough side plate (7), one end of a pull rod (10) is arranged on the plough side plate (7) through a pin shaft, and the other end of the pull rod (10) is provided with an extension plate (9) through a pin shaft.
3. Low-earth-viscosity high-speed plough according to claim 1, characterized in that said plough wings (4) are provided with several rows of piezoelectric ceramics (11).
4. The low-viscosity high-speed plough according to claim 1, wherein the plough wing (4) is provided with a bionic soil discharging device; the bionic soil discharging device is used for discharging soil on the plough wall (2).
5. The high-speed plough with low clay content as claimed in claim 4, wherein the bionic soil discharging device comprises a scale-shaped pressure receiving plate (17), a piston push rod (13), a piston (14), a micro cylinder (15), a pin shaft (16) with a hole, the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate (17), a piston cylinder cover (18) with a hole, a sealing ring (19), a rotary switch (20), a liquid outlet pipe (21), a liquid storage bottle (22) and a shaft sleeve (23);
the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate (17) is arranged on the working side of the plough wing (4), one end of a piston push rod (13) is arranged on the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate (17), the other end of the piston push rod (13) is arranged on a piston (14), the piston (14) is arranged in the micro cylinder (15), and the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate (17) can drive the piston push rod (13) to push the piston (14) to move along the wall of the micro cylinder (15) under the compression or tension; the micro cylinder (15) is sealed by a piston cylinder cover (18) with a hole, and a sealing ring (19) is arranged between the piston (14) and the piston cylinder cover (18) with the hole;
the shaft sleeve (23) is fixedly arranged on the non-working side of the plough wing (4), and a pin shaft (16) with a hole is arranged in the shaft sleeve (23); one end of a liquid outlet pipe (21) is mounted on the pin shaft (16) with the hole, the other end of the liquid outlet pipe (21) is arranged in a liquid storage bottle (22), the liquid outlet pipe (21) is arranged on the pin shaft (16) with the hole, a rotary switch (20) is mounted on the end of the pin shaft (16) with the hole, and the rotary switch (20) is welded with the flaky pressure receiving plate (17); the rotation of the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate (17) can realize the opening and closing of the rotary switch (20) so that the lubricant flows to the surface of the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate (17) through the liquid outlet holes on the scale-shaped pressure receiving plate (17) through the liquid outlet pipe (21).
6. Low-earth-viscosity high-speed plough according to claim 5, characterized in that said micro-cylinders (15) are arranged on the non-working surface of the plough wings (4).
7. The low-soil high-speed plough according to claim 5, wherein the flaky pressure receiving plate (17) is close to the loach biological model according to the loach scale shape.
8. The low clay high speed plough according to claim 3, characterized in that the piezoelectric ceramic (11) is a barium titanate material.
9. Low-earth-viscosity high-speed plough according to claim 2, characterized in that the expression of the derivative curve of the curved surface at the position of the plough wing (4) where the piezoelectric ceramic (11) is located is Y (x) Yf(x)+Yt(x) The curve is a composite function curve formed by two sections of parabolas tangent to an arc line at the highest point and a binary quartic function curve, and specifically comprises the following steps:
Yf(x)＝f0/xf 2＝(2xf*x-x2)，x≤xf；
Yf(x)＝f0/(1-xf)2＝[(1-2xf)+2xfx-x2]，x＞xf；
Figure FDA0003074776320000021
wherein L represents the span of the connecting line at the two ends of the guide curve; f. of0The maximum distance from the connecting line of the midpoints of the arcs of the derivative curve to the span connecting line is represented; xfRepresenting the distance of the maximum camber from the front end; y (x) represents a plough body curve guide curve equation of the embedded piezoelectric ceramics, and t represents the maximum distance from the section of the guide curve to a connecting line at two ends of the guide curve.
CN202110549347.1A 2021-05-20 2021-05-20 Low soil-sticking high-speed plough Active CN113330829B (en)

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